Pub Date : 2022-06-29DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.14
N. Jambhulkar, S. Sahoo, L. K. Bose
The present research was conducted to study the stability analysis and comparison between different stability measures from AMMI model in nine rice genotypes. The experiment was conducted in rabi/dry season during 2010-11 in randomized complete block design with three replications at experimental farm of NRRI research station. Eleven stability measures of AMMI model have been used in this study. Spearman's rank correlation was used to measure the relationship between measures of stability from AMMI model. Genotypic and environment effects are significant at 1% whereas their GE interaction is significant at 5%. WITA12 genotype was found to be the most stable while Lalat was found to be the least stable using seven models AMMI Stability Index, AMMI based stability parameter, Sum Across Environments of Absolute Value of GEI Model, Annicchiarico's D Parameter values, Stability Measure based on Fitted AMMI Model, Modified AMMI Stability Index and Absolute Value of the Relative Contribution of IPCs to the Interaction. Annada was most stable and Naveen was least stable using three models Zhang's D Parameter value, Averages of the Squared Eigenvector Values and Simultaneous Selection Index for Yield and Stability. IR64 was the most stable using Sums of the Absolute Value of the IPC Scores Model. Sums of the Absolute Value of the IPC Scores positively and significantly correlated with AMMI Stability Value, Averages of the Squared Eigenvector Values, Modified AMMI Stability Value but not correlated with Sum Across Environments of GEI Model. Modified AMMI Stability Value positive and significantly correlated with Averages of the Squared Eigenvector Values while negatively correlated with Sum Across Environments of GEI Model. Averages of the Squared Eigenvector Values significantly and positively correlated with AMMI Stability Value but negatively correlated with Sum Across Environments of GEI Model.
本研究利用AMMI模型对9个水稻基因型进行了稳定性分析和不同稳定性措施的比较。试验于2010-11年旱季在NRRI研究站实验农场采用随机完全区组设计，共3个重复。本文采用了AMMI模型的11个稳定性测度。采用Spearman秩相关来衡量AMMI模型中稳定性测度之间的关系。基因型和环境效应在1%时显著，而它们的基因互作在5%时显著。采用AMMI稳定性指数、基于AMMI的稳定性参数、GEI模型绝对值跨环境和、Annicchiarico’s D参数值、基于拟合AMMI模型的稳定性测度、修正AMMI稳定性指数和IPCs对相互作用的相对贡献绝对值等7个模型，发现WITA12基因型最稳定，而Lalat基因型最不稳定。采用张氏D参数值、特征向量平方值平均值和产量稳定性同时选择指数3种模型，红豆最稳定，纳文最不稳定。使用IPC评分模型的绝对值总和，IR64是最稳定的。IPC评分绝对值之和与AMMI稳定性值、特征向量平方值平均值、修正AMMI稳定性值呈正相关，但与GEI模型的跨环境和无关。修正AMMI稳定性值与特征向量平方值的平均值正显著相关，与GEI模型的Sum Across Environments负相关。特征向量平方值的平均值与AMMI稳定性值呈显著正相关，与GEI模型的Sum Across Environments呈显著负相关。
{"title":"Genotype × environment interaction in rice using measures of stability from AMMI model","authors":"N. Jambhulkar, S. Sahoo, L. K. Bose","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.14","url":null,"abstract":"The present research was conducted to study the stability analysis and comparison between different stability measures from AMMI model in nine rice genotypes. The experiment was conducted in rabi/dry season during 2010-11 in randomized complete block design with three replications at experimental farm of NRRI research station. Eleven stability measures of AMMI model have been used in this study. Spearman's rank correlation was used to measure the relationship between measures of stability from AMMI model. Genotypic and environment effects are significant at 1% whereas their GE interaction is significant at 5%. WITA12 genotype was found to be the most stable while Lalat was found to be the least stable using seven models AMMI Stability Index, AMMI based stability parameter, Sum Across Environments of Absolute Value of GEI Model, Annicchiarico's D Parameter values, Stability Measure based on Fitted AMMI Model, Modified AMMI Stability Index and Absolute Value of the Relative Contribution of IPCs to the Interaction. Annada was most stable and Naveen was least stable using three models Zhang's D Parameter value, Averages of the Squared Eigenvector Values and Simultaneous Selection Index for Yield and Stability. IR64 was the most stable using Sums of the Absolute Value of the IPC Scores Model. Sums of the Absolute Value of the IPC Scores positively and significantly correlated with AMMI Stability Value, Averages of the Squared Eigenvector Values, Modified AMMI Stability Value but not correlated with Sum Across Environments of GEI Model. Modified AMMI Stability Value positive and significantly correlated with Averages of the Squared Eigenvector Values while negatively correlated with Sum Across Environments of GEI Model. Averages of the Squared Eigenvector Values significantly and positively correlated with AMMI Stability Value but negatively correlated with Sum Across Environments of GEI Model.","PeriodicalId":17736,"journal":{"name":"June 1","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84776980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-29DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.13
Mounika Akula, Nirmala Bandumula, S. Rathod
One of the objectives of the study is to assess the growth of rice sector in Telangana and growth rate is the measurable indicator for assessing the growth. The present study was conducted to assess the growth rates and instability in the area, production, and yield of rice in Telangana. Also, the relative contribution of area and yield to change in output was estimated by decomposition analysis. The study is based on secondary data for a period of 30 years i.e., 1990-91 to 2019-20. The secondary data were obtained from various publications of the Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of India and Directorate of Rice Development, Patna. For this study, the whole period (1990-91 to 2019-20) is divided into three sub-periods to have a period-wise examination of growth and instability patterns of the area, production, and productivity of rice and the sub-periods were as follows: period I (1990-91 to 1999-2000), period II (2000-01 to 2009-10) and period III (2010-2011 to 2019-20), and overall period (1990-91 to 2019-20). Compound Growth Rates were used to calculate the growth rates. The instability in area, production, and yield was measured with Cuddy Della Valle Index and Coppock's Instability. The study revealed that the growth rates for Telangana in the overall period were positive for the area, production, and yield (2.1%, 3.7%, and 1.5% respectively). The Cuddy Della Valle Index for the overall period registered higher, medium, and low instability for production (35.1), area (26.4), and yield (7.6) respectively. Coppock's Instability indices revealed that the degree of instability for area and production was higher during period III in comparison to periods I and II. One of the major reasons for this could be the increased area under rice in period III, because of the assured irrigation due to the completion of many major and minor irrigation projects and revival of tanks under Mission Kakatiya in Telangana. The decomposition analysis for the overall period (1990-91 to 2019-20) revealed that the area effect was highly responsible for the production variability (46.1 percent) in Telangana. The area effect in enhancing rice production increased over some time. Since the scope to further increase the area under rice cultivation is limited, the focus should be on the improvement of the yield to meet the future demand for rice.
该研究的目标之一是评估特伦甘纳邦水稻部门的增长，增长率是评估增长的可测量指标。本研究旨在评估特伦甘纳地区水稻的生长速度和不稳定性、产量和产量。通过分解分析，估计了面积和产量对产量变化的相对贡献。该研究基于30年的二手数据，即1990-91年至2019-20年。二级数据来自印度政府经济和统计局和巴特那水稻发展局的各种出版物。本研究将整个时期(1990-91年至2019-20年)划分为三个子时期，对水稻面积、产量和生产力的生长和不稳定模式进行阶段性考察，子时期如下:第一阶段(1990-91年至1999-2000年)、第二阶段(2000-01年至2009-10年)和第三阶段(2010-2011年至2019-20年)，以及总体时期(1990-91年至2019-20年)。采用复合增长率计算生长速率。采用Cuddy Della Valle指数和Coppock不稳定性测定了面积、产量和产量的不稳定性。研究显示，在整个时期，特伦甘纳邦的面积、产量和产量的增长率分别为2.1%、3.7%和1.5%。在整个时期，Cuddy Della valley指数在生产(35.1)、面积(26.4)和产量(7.6)方面分别显示出较高、中等和较低的不稳定性。Coppock不稳定指数显示，第三时期的面积和产量不稳定程度高于第一和第二时期。造成这种情况的一个主要原因可能是第三期水稻种植面积的增加，因为由于完成了许多大大小小的灌溉项目和在特伦加纳的Kakatiya特派团下恢复了储罐，灌溉得到了保证。对整个时期(1990-91年至2019-20年)的分解分析显示，面积效应对特伦甘纳邦的生产变化负有很大责任(46.1%)。随着时间的推移，水稻增产的面积效应逐渐增强。由于进一步增加水稻种植面积的范围有限，因此重点应放在提高产量以满足未来对水稻的需求上。
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Pub Date : 2022-06-29DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.11
B. R. Goud, G. Reddy, V. Chandrika, M. Naidu, P. Sudhakar, K. Reddy, G. Sagar
Water supply to agriculture especially rice will be affected in the future because of climate change and increased demand of water for non-agricultural use. To sustain rice production, focus should be on water saving rice production systems such as aerobic rice, which may further reduce water requirement when combined with drip irrigation. Hence, a field experiment to study the influence of drip irrigation regimes and nitrogen levels on growth, yield and economics of aerobic rice was conducted at Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, during the rabi seasons of 2019-20 and 2020-21. Four main plot treatments consisting of irrigation regimes based on pan evaporation i.e., drip irrigation at 1.25 Epan, 1.50 Epan, 1.75 Epan, 2.00 Epan and four sub plot treatments comprising of four doses of nitrogen i.e., 75 % RDN (90 kg N ha-1), 100 % RDN (120 kg N ha-1), 125 % RDN (150 kg N ha-1) and 150 % RDN (180 kg N ha-1) were tested in split plot design replicated thrice. Significantly higher plant height, number of tillers, yield attributes, grain yield, straw yield and gross returns were recorded with drip irrigation regime of 2.0 Epan over other irrigation regimes, but was comparable with drip irrigation at 1.75 Epan. While, higher net returns and B:C ratio were recorded with drip irrigation regime of 1.75 Epan which was at par with 2.0 Epan and 1.5 Epan. Aerobic rice grown with 180 kg N ha-1 proved to be superior with respect to plant height, number of tillers m-2, panicle weight, grain yield, straw yield, gross returns and net returns which was however comparable with 150 kg N ha-1 in case of panicle number, filled grains per panicle, test weight and B:C ratio. Among the interaction combinations, drip irrigation regime of 2.0 Epan along with 180 kg N ha-1 resulted in superior plant height, tillers m-2, yield attributes, grain yield, straw yield, gross returns, net returns and B:C ratio which was statistically at par with drip irrigation regime of 1.75 Epan along with 180 kg N ha-1 except in case of tiller number.
由于气候变化和非农业用水需求的增加，未来农业特别是水稻的供水将受到影响。为了维持水稻生产，重点应放在节水水稻生产系统上，如需氧水稻，当与滴灌结合使用时，可进一步减少需水量。因此，在2019- 2020年和2020-21年的旱季，在安得拉邦的Tirupati进行了一项研究滴灌制度和氮水平对旱作水稻生长、产量和经济影响的田间试验。采用3次重复的分畦设计，试验了4个主要小区处理，包括基于蒸发皿的灌溉制度，即1.25、1.50、1.75、2.00 Epan滴灌和4个小小区处理，包括4个氮肥剂量，即75% RDN (90 kg N ha-1)、100% RDN (120 kg N ha-1)、125% RDN (150 kg N ha-1)和150% RDN (180 kg N ha-1)。2.0 Epan滴灌方案的株高、分蘖数、产量属性、籽粒产量、秸秆产量和总收益均显著高于其他灌溉方案，但与1.75 Epan滴灌方案相当。而1.75 Epan滴灌制度的净收益和B:C比率较高，与2.0 Epan和1.5 Epan相当。在株高、分蘖数、穗重、籽粒产量、秸秆产量、总收益和净收益方面，施用180 kg N hm -1的旱作水稻表现优异，但在穗数、每穗实粒数、试验重量和B:C比方面，施用150 kg N hm -1的旱作水稻与施用150 kg N hm -1的旱作水稻相当。在互作组合中，2.0 Epan + 180 kg N ha-1滴灌方案的株高、分蘖m-2、产量属性、籽粒产量、秸秆产量、总收益、净收益和B:C比均优于1.75 Epan + 180 kg N ha-1滴灌方案，但分蘖数不同。
{"title":"Effect of drip irrigation regimes and nitrogen levels on growth, yield and economics of aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"B. R. Goud, G. Reddy, V. Chandrika, M. Naidu, P. Sudhakar, K. Reddy, G. Sagar","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"Water supply to agriculture especially rice will be affected in the future because of climate change and increased demand of water for non-agricultural use. To sustain rice production, focus should be on water saving rice production systems such as aerobic rice, which may further reduce water requirement when combined with drip irrigation. Hence, a field experiment to study the influence of drip irrigation regimes and nitrogen levels on growth, yield and economics of aerobic rice was conducted at Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, during the rabi seasons of 2019-20 and 2020-21. Four main plot treatments consisting of irrigation regimes based on pan evaporation i.e., drip irrigation at 1.25 Epan, 1.50 Epan, 1.75 Epan, 2.00 Epan and four sub plot treatments comprising of four doses of nitrogen i.e., 75 % RDN (90 kg N ha-1), 100 % RDN (120 kg N ha-1), 125 % RDN (150 kg N ha-1) and 150 % RDN (180 kg N ha-1) were tested in split plot design replicated thrice. Significantly higher plant height, number of tillers, yield attributes, grain yield, straw yield and gross returns were recorded with drip irrigation regime of 2.0 Epan over other irrigation regimes, but was comparable with drip irrigation at 1.75 Epan. While, higher net returns and B:C ratio were recorded with drip irrigation regime of 1.75 Epan which was at par with 2.0 Epan and 1.5 Epan. Aerobic rice grown with 180 kg N ha-1 proved to be superior with respect to plant height, number of tillers m-2, panicle weight, grain yield, straw yield, gross returns and net returns which was however comparable with 150 kg N ha-1 in case of panicle number, filled grains per panicle, test weight and B:C ratio. Among the interaction combinations, drip irrigation regime of 2.0 Epan along with 180 kg N ha-1 resulted in superior plant height, tillers m-2, yield attributes, grain yield, straw yield, gross returns, net returns and B:C ratio which was statistically at par with drip irrigation regime of 1.75 Epan along with 180 kg N ha-1 except in case of tiller number.","PeriodicalId":17736,"journal":{"name":"June 1","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76209568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-29DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.12
Sushma M. Awaji, P. Hanjagi, Shalem Raju Repudi, Upaly Sushree Suravi, M. Baig, P. Swain
The present study was conducted to evaluate the performance of seven rice genotypes using morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters, under induced drought (water stress) conditions at seedling level using PEG6000 in Hoagland's medium. At the end of the stress period sampling was done to record the root and shoot lengths and various physiological parameters viz., total chlorophyll content, cell membrane stability index (MSI), relative water content were estimated. Proline and Malondialdehyde (MDA) content were also estimated as biochemical parameters. The results obtained from the study revealed the existence of significant variation in the seven genotypes studied for different physiological and biochemical parameters. Out of the seven genotypes studied, HT-18 (AC-34973) had performed better than the tolerant check CR-143-2-2 and showed better root and shoot growth, maintained higher total chlorophyll content (2.6 mg/gm FW), relative water content (61.3%) and membrane stability index (MSI) (52.9%), it has also shown higher proline content (20.52 ?moles/gm FW) and lesser MDA content (0.068) under stress. To assess the membrane integrity under osmotic stress, roots from all the genotypes grown in hydroponic culture with 20% PEG were stained with Evan's blue, where the stress effect is directly reflected on the intensity of Evans blue uptake by the cell. Because of more membrane damage, the roots of the susceptible genotype, IR-64, had taken up more stain than the roots of tolerant genotype HT-18. The present study has identified HT-18 as seedling level drought tolerant genotype.
{"title":"Identification and characterization of drought tolerant rice genotypes using physiological and biochemical traits","authors":"Sushma M. Awaji, P. Hanjagi, Shalem Raju Repudi, Upaly Sushree Suravi, M. Baig, P. Swain","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.12","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted to evaluate the performance of seven rice genotypes using morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters, under induced drought (water stress) conditions at seedling level using PEG6000 in Hoagland's medium. At the end of the stress period sampling was done to record the root and shoot lengths and various physiological parameters viz., total chlorophyll content, cell membrane stability index (MSI), relative water content were estimated. Proline and Malondialdehyde (MDA) content were also estimated as biochemical parameters. The results obtained from the study revealed the existence of significant variation in the seven genotypes studied for different physiological and biochemical parameters. Out of the seven genotypes studied, HT-18 (AC-34973) had performed better than the tolerant check CR-143-2-2 and showed better root and shoot growth, maintained higher total chlorophyll content (2.6 mg/gm FW), relative water content (61.3%) and membrane stability index (MSI) (52.9%), it has also shown higher proline content (20.52 ?moles/gm FW) and lesser MDA content (0.068) under stress. To assess the membrane integrity under osmotic stress, roots from all the genotypes grown in hydroponic culture with 20% PEG were stained with Evan's blue, where the stress effect is directly reflected on the intensity of Evans blue uptake by the cell. Because of more membrane damage, the roots of the susceptible genotype, IR-64, had taken up more stain than the roots of tolerant genotype HT-18. The present study has identified HT-18 as seedling level drought tolerant genotype.","PeriodicalId":17736,"journal":{"name":"June 1","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85673445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-29DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.5
S. Thapa, S. Mahapatra, D. Baral, A. Lama, Pravesh Shivakoty, Srikanta Das
False smut of rice which was considered a minor disease of rice is presently spreading in most of the rice growing areas of the world causing reduction in yield and quality of the produce. West Bengal is the largest producer with largest area under rice in India. No survey on severity of rice false smut disease in West Bengal has been conducted. Therefore, in attempt to get the idea of false smut disease situation in the state, a survey was conducted in 31 blocks from 8 different districts of West Bengal during the year 2017 from the end of October to first week of December. Number of infected tillers per m2 and number of smut balls per panicle was observed during the survey. False smut symptom was observed in all the plains of West Bengal whereas in hilly areas of the state was found to have no incidence of the disease. During the survey average number of infected tillers ranged from 2.00 to 14.60 numbers of infected tillers / m2. Similarly average number of smutted ball / panicle ranged from 1.21 to 5.32 number of spore ball per panicle.
{"title":"Status of false smut of rice in different districts of West Bengal","authors":"S. Thapa, S. Mahapatra, D. Baral, A. Lama, Pravesh Shivakoty, Srikanta Das","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"False smut of rice which was considered a minor disease of rice is presently spreading in most of the rice growing areas of the world causing reduction in yield and quality of the produce. West Bengal is the largest producer with largest area under rice in India. No survey on severity of rice false smut disease in West Bengal has been conducted. Therefore, in attempt to get the idea of false smut disease situation in the state, a survey was conducted in 31 blocks from 8 different districts of West Bengal during the year 2017 from the end of October to first week of December. Number of infected tillers per m2 and number of smut balls per panicle was observed during the survey. False smut symptom was observed in all the plains of West Bengal whereas in hilly areas of the state was found to have no incidence of the disease. During the survey average number of infected tillers ranged from 2.00 to 14.60 numbers of infected tillers / m2. Similarly average number of smutted ball / panicle ranged from 1.21 to 5.32 number of spore ball per panicle.","PeriodicalId":17736,"journal":{"name":"June 1","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72913523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-29DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.3
M. Akshay, B. Chandra, K. Devi, Y. Hari, P. Vamshi
For the establishment of the distinctness, forty-four genotypes of rice were characterized at different stages of crop growth using 29 agro-morphological traits following Distinctiveness, Uniformity and Stability test (DUS) during rabi, 2020-21 at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Warangal. The rice genotypes under study recorded a wide range of variability for most of the essential traits studied. Out of 29 descriptors studied, two characteristics leaf auricles and leaf ligule shapewere found monomorphic, six were dimorphic, ten traitswere trimorphic, seven other characters resulted tetramorphic. The descriptors that registered maximum variation were decorticated grain: colour, decorticated grain: shape (in lateral view), panicle: attitude of branching, spikelet: colour of tip of lemma were found to be polymorphic in nature. This comprehensive characterization of rice genotypes is very important for rice breeding and will be beneficial for breeders, researchers and farmers from the stand point of selection and conservation of different landraces for further utilization in crop improvement programmes and also to seek protection under Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers Rights Act.
{"title":"DUS characterization of traditional varieties and advanced cultivars of rice using 29 essential characters","authors":"M. Akshay, B. Chandra, K. Devi, Y. Hari, P. Vamshi","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"For the establishment of the distinctness, forty-four genotypes of rice were characterized at different stages of crop growth using 29 agro-morphological traits following Distinctiveness, Uniformity and Stability test (DUS) during rabi, 2020-21 at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Warangal. The rice genotypes under study recorded a wide range of variability for most of the essential traits studied. Out of 29 descriptors studied, two characteristics leaf auricles and leaf ligule shapewere found monomorphic, six were dimorphic, ten traitswere trimorphic, seven other characters resulted tetramorphic. The descriptors that registered maximum variation were decorticated grain: colour, decorticated grain: shape (in lateral view), panicle: attitude of branching, spikelet: colour of tip of lemma were found to be polymorphic in nature. This comprehensive characterization of rice genotypes is very important for rice breeding and will be beneficial for breeders, researchers and farmers from the stand point of selection and conservation of different landraces for further utilization in crop improvement programmes and also to seek protection under Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers Rights Act.","PeriodicalId":17736,"journal":{"name":"June 1","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87785543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-29DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.15
A. A. Mohamed, S. Sorour, T. Metwally, G. Elsayed
The Effects of foliar application of different stimulating compounds on the growth and yield of three promising Egyptian rice genotypes were studied in a field experiments at the Experimental Farm of Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Egypt, during consecutive rice seasons 2018 and 2019. Three rice Egyptian genotypes (Sakha108, GZ9399, and GZ10154) were tested under different stimulating compounds like Ascobine (13% citric acid, 25% ascorbic acid plus 62% organic materials), humic acid (65% humic acid +10% K2O), Amino acid (27.38 % mixed amino acid + 9% micronutrients + 2% magnesium), vulvic acid (50% Vulvic acid + 20% organic acid), N:P:K::20:20:20 and potassium sulphate (50% K2O) The growth characteristics like number of tillers, chlorophyll content, leaf area and dry matter accumulation at 30 and 45 days after transplanting were determined . Number of panicles m-2, panicle length, panicle weight, 1000-grain weight, number of filled grains per panicle, number of unfilled grains per panicle, grain yield and straw yield were studied at harvest. There were significant variations among the studied genotypes in terms of the studied characteristics like (chlorophyll content and grain yield). The foliar application of stimulating compounds significantly increased growth, yield and yield components of the studied rice genotypes. There were significant differences among the response of the studied genotypes to the application of the stimulating compounds. Application of amino acid to Sakha108 recorded the highest grain yield.
{"title":"Growth and yield of some promising Egyptian rice genotypes under foliar application of different stimulating compounds","authors":"A. A. Mohamed, S. Sorour, T. Metwally, G. Elsayed","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.15","url":null,"abstract":"The Effects of foliar application of different stimulating compounds on the growth and yield of three promising Egyptian rice genotypes were studied in a field experiments at the Experimental Farm of Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Egypt, during consecutive rice seasons 2018 and 2019. Three rice Egyptian genotypes (Sakha108, GZ9399, and GZ10154) were tested under different stimulating compounds like Ascobine (13% citric acid, 25% ascorbic acid plus 62% organic materials), humic acid (65% humic acid +10% K2O), Amino acid (27.38 % mixed amino acid + 9% micronutrients + 2% magnesium), vulvic acid (50% Vulvic acid + 20% organic acid), N:P:K::20:20:20 and potassium sulphate (50% K2O) The growth characteristics like number of tillers, chlorophyll content, leaf area and dry matter accumulation at 30 and 45 days after transplanting were determined . Number of panicles m-2, panicle length, panicle weight, 1000-grain weight, number of filled grains per panicle, number of unfilled grains per panicle, grain yield and straw yield were studied at harvest. There were significant variations among the studied genotypes in terms of the studied characteristics like (chlorophyll content and grain yield). The foliar application of stimulating compounds significantly increased growth, yield and yield components of the studied rice genotypes. There were significant differences among the response of the studied genotypes to the application of the stimulating compounds. Application of amino acid to Sakha108 recorded the highest grain yield.","PeriodicalId":17736,"journal":{"name":"June 1","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84339437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-29DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.2
Pandurang Arsode, Ravi P. Singh, S.K. Singh, Manish Kumar, Namrata, M. Choudhary, Debarchana Jena, Vineeta Singh, D. Rout, B. Sahoo, Kalpatru Nanda, Prakash Singh, C. Mohan, R. Verma, V. Bhadana
The facts pertaining to the inheritance of basic and value addition traits are prerequisite in designing much suited breeding strategies to harness substantial genetic gain in crop plants. The present study was aimed at comprehensive scrutiny of the quantitative traits, responding drought tolerance in rice through generation mean analysis (GMA). We have evaluated six generations ( P1, P2, F1, F2, B1 and B2) of cross, HUR-917 × DRR Dhan-42. The results revealed that all scales, A, B, C and D were significant for yield and attributing traits under irrigated and drought conditions, reflecting the presence of epistasis. Major yield contributing traits like days to 50% flowering (DFF), days to maturity (DM), plant height (PH), panicle length (PL), flag leaf length (FLL), number of grains per panicle (NGPP) and test weight (TW) showed the presence of duplicate epistasis under both conditions. Whereas, traits like the number of earbearing tillers (NEBT) and grain yield per plant (GYPP) shown duplicate epistasis under drought. The results suggest the prevalence of additive gene effect and non-allelic interactions/epistasis effect on the genetic control of majority of the yield traits. Additive (d) effect and dominant × dominant (l) gene interaction was the only significant portion of gene controlling grain yield per plant in the rice. The positive additive gene effect indicates that HUR-917 contributes more to the trait than DRR Dhan-42 and vice versa.
{"title":"Genetics of grain yield and its component traits in drought tolerance rice","authors":"Pandurang Arsode, Ravi P. Singh, S.K. Singh, Manish Kumar, Namrata, M. Choudhary, Debarchana Jena, Vineeta Singh, D. Rout, B. Sahoo, Kalpatru Nanda, Prakash Singh, C. Mohan, R. Verma, V. Bhadana","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"The facts pertaining to the inheritance of basic and value addition traits are prerequisite in designing much suited breeding strategies to harness substantial genetic gain in crop plants. The present study was aimed at comprehensive scrutiny of the quantitative traits, responding drought tolerance in rice through generation mean analysis (GMA). We have evaluated six generations ( P1, P2, F1, F2, B1 and B2) of cross, HUR-917 × DRR Dhan-42. The results revealed that all scales, A, B, C and D were significant for yield and attributing traits under irrigated and drought conditions, reflecting the presence of epistasis. Major yield contributing traits like days to 50% flowering (DFF), days to maturity (DM), plant height (PH), panicle length (PL), flag leaf length (FLL), number of grains per panicle (NGPP) and test weight (TW) showed the presence of duplicate epistasis under both conditions. Whereas, traits like the number of earbearing tillers (NEBT) and grain yield per plant (GYPP) shown duplicate epistasis under drought. The results suggest the prevalence of additive gene effect and non-allelic interactions/epistasis effect on the genetic control of majority of the yield traits. Additive (d) effect and dominant × dominant (l) gene interaction was the only significant portion of gene controlling grain yield per plant in the rice. The positive additive gene effect indicates that HUR-917 contributes more to the trait than DRR Dhan-42 and vice versa.","PeriodicalId":17736,"journal":{"name":"June 1","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73206622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-29DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.6
Anand Kumar Advslp, N. M, B. V, S. N, A. B.
Field experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Maruteru, West Godavari (A.P.) during two kharif seasons of 2019 and 2020 to evaluate the compatibility of combinations of insecticides and fungicides against brown planthopper and sheath blight in rice. The results revealed that pymetrozine and triflumezopyrim as sole treatments are highly effective against brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) by registering over 90% reduction in BPH population. While, pymetrozine and triflumezopyrim in combination with azoxystrobin and azoxystrobin + tebuconazole are highly effective against BPH and sheath blight, Rhizoctonia soloni Kuhn in by registering over 90% and >50% reduction in BPH population and sheath blight severity, respectively and registered 64.23% to 73.03% higher grain yields than untreated control. It was also found that there was no adverse effect of fungicides on the efficacy of insecticides or vice versa. The insecticides tested were physically compatible with fungicides and no phytotoxic symptoms observed on rice crop when pesticides were applied in combination. Thus, pymetrozine and triflumezopyrim are compatible with test fungicides and can be safely used as tank mix for the simultaneous management of BPH and sheath blightin rice.
{"title":"Evaluation of pesticide combinations against brown planthopper and sheath blight in rice","authors":"Anand Kumar Advslp, N. M, B. V, S. N, A. B.","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Field experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Maruteru, West Godavari (A.P.) during two kharif seasons of 2019 and 2020 to evaluate the compatibility of combinations of insecticides and fungicides against brown planthopper and sheath blight in rice. The results revealed that pymetrozine and triflumezopyrim as sole treatments are highly effective against brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) by registering over 90% reduction in BPH population. While, pymetrozine and triflumezopyrim in combination with azoxystrobin and azoxystrobin + tebuconazole are highly effective against BPH and sheath blight, Rhizoctonia soloni Kuhn in by registering over 90% and >50% reduction in BPH population and sheath blight severity, respectively and registered 64.23% to 73.03% higher grain yields than untreated control. It was also found that there was no adverse effect of fungicides on the efficacy of insecticides or vice versa. The insecticides tested were physically compatible with fungicides and no phytotoxic symptoms observed on rice crop when pesticides were applied in combination. Thus, pymetrozine and triflumezopyrim are compatible with test fungicides and can be safely used as tank mix for the simultaneous management of BPH and sheath blightin rice.","PeriodicalId":17736,"journal":{"name":"June 1","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75109074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-29DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.4
J. Berliner, SS Pokhare, C. Mishra, S. Sahoo, S. Munda, T. Adak, L. Bose, B. Marandi, H. Subudhi, B. Patra, B. Manimaran
Rice root knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola is an important nematode pest with a devastating potential that causes serious damage to rice crop. There is an intensive search for eco-friendly, sustainable alternative to the existing nematode management practices. Host plant resistance offers propitious results in managing this minuscule crop enemy. Preliminary screening of 1731 Oryza sativa germplasms followed by periodic evaluation of nine resistant / tolerant germplasms shed new insights on nematode resistance. We observed seasonal inconsistency in the resistance in previously reported germplasms 'Ramakrishna', 'TKM6', 'Abhisek', 'Laxman sal', 'Ratna', and 'TKM1'. Hence, we strongly recommend repeated screening of identified resistant/tolerant rice germplasm lines against M. graminicola in both winter and summer season to confirm the consistency in resistance scale. Further investigation is needed to nullify other chance factors like nematode pathotypes.
{"title":"Comprehensive periodic evaluation of Oryza sativa germplasms for resistance against rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola","authors":"J. Berliner, SS Pokhare, C. Mishra, S. Sahoo, S. Munda, T. Adak, L. Bose, B. Marandi, H. Subudhi, B. Patra, B. Manimaran","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Rice root knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola is an important nematode pest with a devastating potential that causes serious damage to rice crop. There is an intensive search for eco-friendly, sustainable alternative to the existing nematode management practices. Host plant resistance offers propitious results in managing this minuscule crop enemy. Preliminary screening of 1731 Oryza sativa germplasms followed by periodic evaluation of nine resistant / tolerant germplasms shed new insights on nematode resistance. We observed seasonal inconsistency in the resistance in previously reported germplasms 'Ramakrishna', 'TKM6', 'Abhisek', 'Laxman sal', 'Ratna', and 'TKM1'. Hence, we strongly recommend repeated screening of identified resistant/tolerant rice germplasm lines against M. graminicola in both winter and summer season to confirm the consistency in resistance scale. Further investigation is needed to nullify other chance factors like nematode pathotypes.","PeriodicalId":17736,"journal":{"name":"June 1","volume":"166 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83530548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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