Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.21082/JLITTRI.V6N3.2000.73-79
M. Rahardjo, I. Darwati
Effect of water stress on the production and quality of Sonchus arvensis L.Study on water stress in Sonchus arvensis L was conducted to improve the quality and production of leaves. Pot experiment was conducted at geen house Bogor Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops from July to November 1996, with 7 kg latosol dry soil of Cimanggu Bogor per pot. Randomized block design with four replications were used. Eight treatments of water stess and casting were applied i.e. (I) 100% field capacity (FC) no casting, (2) 100% FC + casting, (3) 80% FC + casting with water stress started at 30 days alter planting (dap), (4) 60% FC + casting with water stess started at 30 dap, (5) 40% FC + casting with water stress started at 30 dap, (6) 80% FC + casting with water stress started at 50 DAP, (7) 60% FC + casting with water stress started at 50 dap, (8) 40% FC + casting with water stress started at 50 dap. Results showed that chlorophyl content leaf aea, fresh and dry weight of leaves deceased at a water stress of 60% FC strated al 30 dap the higher the water stress the lower the measurement of those parameters, but the higher the content of K and Na. The highest yield of fesh and dry leaves, respectively 53.22 and 4.58 g/plant was produced by the plants treated in 100% PC + casting. The plant treated in 40% FC started at 30 dap resulted in the highest quality of simplisia indicated by the highest content of K (8.2%) and Na (0.227%). With the treatment, K and Na conlent increased by 13.6 and 95.7% espectively and the dry weight of simplisia decreased by 62.9%.
水分胁迫对蛇蛇叶片产量和品质的影响为提高蛇蛇叶片质量和产量，对其进行了水分胁迫研究。盆栽试验于1996年7 - 11月在绿屋茂物香料药用作物研究所进行，每盆栽7 kg红壤干土，采用随机区组设计，共4个重复。八治疗水最大值和铸造。(I) 100%田间持水量(FC)没有铸造,(2)100% FC +铸造、(3)80% FC +铸造与水压力开始在30天内改变种植(dap), (4) 60% FC +铸造与水反应冷淡开始30衣冠楚楚,(5)40% FC +铸造与水压力开始30衣冠楚楚,(6)80% FC +铸造与水压力开始50衣冠楚楚,(7)60% FC +铸造与水压力开始50衣冠楚楚,(8)40% FC +铸造与水压力开始50衣冠楚楚。结果表明，在60% FC - 30dap的水分胁迫下，叶片叶绿素含量、鲜重和干重的测定值越高，这些参数的测定值越低，但K和Na含量越高。100% PC +铸造处理植株的鲜叶和干叶产量最高，分别为53.22 g/株和4.58 g/株。以40% FC处理的植株，在30 dap开始处理，其单豆质量最高，K和Na含量最高(8.2%)，Na含量最高(0.227%)。钾、钠含量分别提高了13.6%和95.7%，干重降低了62.9%。
{"title":"PENGARUH CEKAMAN AIR TERHADAP PRODUKSI DAN MUTU SIMPLISIA TEMPUYUNG (Sonchus arvensis L.)","authors":"M. Rahardjo, I. Darwati","doi":"10.21082/JLITTRI.V6N3.2000.73-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/JLITTRI.V6N3.2000.73-79","url":null,"abstract":"Effect of water stress on the production and quality of Sonchus arvensis L.Study on water stress in Sonchus arvensis L was conducted to improve the quality and production of leaves. Pot experiment was conducted at geen house Bogor Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops from July to November 1996, with 7 kg latosol dry soil of Cimanggu Bogor per pot. Randomized block design with four replications were used. Eight treatments of water stess and casting were applied i.e. (I) 100% field capacity (FC) no casting, (2) 100% FC + casting, (3) 80% FC + casting with water stress started at 30 days alter planting (dap), (4) 60% FC + casting with water stess started at 30 dap, (5) 40% FC + casting with water stress started at 30 dap, (6) 80% FC + casting with water stress started at 50 DAP, (7) 60% FC + casting with water stress started at 50 dap, (8) 40% FC + casting with water stress started at 50 dap. Results showed that chlorophyl content leaf aea, fresh and dry weight of leaves deceased at a water stress of 60% FC strated al 30 dap the higher the water stress the lower the measurement of those parameters, but the higher the content of K and Na. The highest yield of fesh and dry leaves, respectively 53.22 and 4.58 g/plant was produced by the plants treated in 100% PC + casting. The plant treated in 40% FC started at 30 dap resulted in the highest quality of simplisia indicated by the highest content of K (8.2%) and Na (0.227%). With the treatment, K and Na conlent increased by 13.6 and 95.7% espectively and the dry weight of simplisia decreased by 62.9%.","PeriodicalId":17774,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81833216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.21082/LITTRI.V10N4.2004.135-141
Djajadi, Mastur, Gembong Dalmadiyo, A. S. Murdiyati
Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Glapansari, Kecamatan Parakan, Kabupaten Temanggung pada bulan Maret sampai Desember tahun 2001 untuk mcngcvaluasi pengaruh penerapan teknik konservasi lahan dalam pengendalian erosi dan penyakit lincat terhadap erosi, sifat fisik tanah, populasi patogen, kematian tanaman, serta hasil tembakau. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah teknik pengendalian erosi yang meliputi penanaman rumput Setaria pada bibir teras dan tanaman Elemingia congesta pada bidang tampingan, seta pembuatan rorak di dasar saluran teras dan pengolahan tanah minimum. Perlakuan tersebut dikombinasikan dengan teknologi pengendalian penyakit lincat, yaitu penanaman galur tembakau tahan (BC3-C51) dan pembcian/penyemprotan mikrobia antagonis Aspergillus fumigatus dan Bacillus cereus. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan dua perlakuan (konservasi dan kontrol) dan enam ulangan. Setiap satuan percobaan tersusun atas petak berukuran 22 m x 4 m dan masing-masing dipasang satu unit bak penampung erosi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan teknik konservasi dapat menekan besanya erosi dari 30.2 ton/ha menjadi 16.7 ton/ha atau turun 44.8 %. Kombinasi teknik pengendalian penyakit lincat dapat menekan perkembangan patogen lincat dan mengurangi kematian tanaman tembakau sebesar 53.6%. Hasil daun tembakau basah dan rajangan kering pada perlakuan konservasi masing-masing 41.7% dan 42.1% dibanding kontrol.Kata kunci: Tembakau, Nicotiana tabacum, tembakau temanggung. konservasi tanah, erosi, patogen tanah ABSTRACTEffectiveness of land conservation technique in reducing soil erosion and lincat plant diseasesField trial was conducted in Glapansari Village, Parakan, Temang¬ gung District from March to December 2001 to evaluate the effect of land conservation by controlling soil erosion and plant disease on soil erosion, soil physical characteristics, soil pathogens population, dead tobacco plant, and tobacco yield. The treatments were soil conservation technique by planting of Setaria grass on Ihe terrace edge and planting Elemingia congesta on the riser, and digging of sediment trap on the base of terrace ditch. The treatments were planting tobacco line (BC3-C51) tolerant to lincat disease combined with the application of antagonistic microbes (Aspergillus fumigatus and Bacillus cereus). The research used complete randomized block design with two treatments and six replications. Each expeimental units composed of plot sized 22 m x 4 m and soil erosion collector. Results showed that the land conservation technique reduced soil erosion rom 30.2 to 16.7 tones/ha or 44.8%. This technique reduced soil pathogen population and dead tobacco plant 53.6%. The land conservation technique increased signiicantly tobacco fresh leaves yield 41.7% and dried sliced tobacco yield 42.1 % compared to that of control.Key words: Tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum, temanggung tobacco, soil conservation, erosion, soil pathogen
这项研究于2001年3月至12月在Temanggung区的Glapansari村、街道街道、paranda区进行了评估，以评估土壤保护技术对侵蚀控制、土壤性质、病原体种群、植物死亡和烟草产品的影响。测试的治疗方法是一种控制侵蚀的技术，包括在门廊的嘴唇上种植咽喉草，在屏风区种植咽喉草，在至少的梯田底部制造出rorak。这种治疗方法与耐药烟草种植(BC3-C51)和消炎药微生物消炎药和杆菌小茴香。使用的方案是由两种治疗(保护和控制)和六种重复的群体随机设计。每个实验单元都有一个22米乘4米的网格，每个单元安装了一个侵蚀槽。研究表明，应用保护技术可以将其侵蚀从30吨/ha增加到16.7吨/ha，或者下降44.8%。链接疾病控制技术的组合可以抑制任何病原体的发展，并将烟草植物的死亡人数减少53.6%。由湿烟叶和干草叶所产生的保护措施分别为41.7%和42.1%。关键词:烟草，尼古丁tabacum，烟草。保护土壤侵蚀,病原体ABSTRACTEffectiveness of conservation技巧在reducing土地的土地erosion and lincat普兰diseasesField审判was conducted在Glapansari村、Parakan安静¬gung区效应》2001年12月从三月到to evaluate条控制的土地erosion偏土地保护和植物疾病上的土地erosion,土地的体格characteristics,土地pathogens人口,死烟草植物和烟草公司收益。采集器是用片状包装包装的技术，设计在边缘的片状装饰和倾斜的垫圈上，并在平台的底部挖出一个临时陷阱。治疗方法是针对烟草的(BC3-C51)，可与有害微生物的应用(曲霉菌和杆菌小脑)结合。研究人员用两种treatments和六种复制品完成了分块设计。每一个曝光单位都暴露在22米x4米和soil色情收集器中。建议取消土地保护技术32.2到16.7色调/ha或44.8%。这款技术减少了人类病原体和死亡烟草植物53.6%。土地保护技术增加了对新鲜烟草的理解，有41.7%的限制，加上42.1%的限制。烟话:烟草，尼古丁tabacum，烟草生意，保护，腐蚀，soil pathogen
{"title":"EFEKTIVITAS TEKNIK KONSERVASI LAHAN DALAM MENEKAN EROSI DAN PENYAKIT LINCAT","authors":"Djajadi, Mastur, Gembong Dalmadiyo, A. S. Murdiyati","doi":"10.21082/LITTRI.V10N4.2004.135-141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/LITTRI.V10N4.2004.135-141","url":null,"abstract":"Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Glapansari, Kecamatan Parakan, Kabupaten Temanggung pada bulan Maret sampai Desember tahun 2001 untuk mcngcvaluasi pengaruh penerapan teknik konservasi lahan dalam pengendalian erosi dan penyakit lincat terhadap erosi, sifat fisik tanah, populasi patogen, kematian tanaman, serta hasil tembakau. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah teknik pengendalian erosi yang meliputi penanaman rumput Setaria pada bibir teras dan tanaman Elemingia congesta pada bidang tampingan, seta pembuatan rorak di dasar saluran teras dan pengolahan tanah minimum. Perlakuan tersebut dikombinasikan dengan teknologi pengendalian penyakit lincat, yaitu penanaman galur tembakau tahan (BC3-C51) dan pembcian/penyemprotan mikrobia antagonis Aspergillus fumigatus dan Bacillus cereus. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan dua perlakuan (konservasi dan kontrol) dan enam ulangan. Setiap satuan percobaan tersusun atas petak berukuran 22 m x 4 m dan masing-masing dipasang satu unit bak penampung erosi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan teknik konservasi dapat menekan besanya erosi dari 30.2 ton/ha menjadi 16.7 ton/ha atau turun 44.8 %. Kombinasi teknik pengendalian penyakit lincat dapat menekan perkembangan patogen lincat dan mengurangi kematian tanaman tembakau sebesar 53.6%. Hasil daun tembakau basah dan rajangan kering pada perlakuan konservasi masing-masing 41.7% dan 42.1% dibanding kontrol.Kata kunci: Tembakau, Nicotiana tabacum, tembakau temanggung. konservasi tanah, erosi, patogen tanah ABSTRACTEffectiveness of land conservation technique in reducing soil erosion and lincat plant diseasesField trial was conducted in Glapansari Village, Parakan, Temang¬ gung District from March to December 2001 to evaluate the effect of land conservation by controlling soil erosion and plant disease on soil erosion, soil physical characteristics, soil pathogens population, dead tobacco plant, and tobacco yield. The treatments were soil conservation technique by planting of Setaria grass on Ihe terrace edge and planting Elemingia congesta on the riser, and digging of sediment trap on the base of terrace ditch. The treatments were planting tobacco line (BC3-C51) tolerant to lincat disease combined with the application of antagonistic microbes (Aspergillus fumigatus and Bacillus cereus). The research used complete randomized block design with two treatments and six replications. Each expeimental units composed of plot sized 22 m x 4 m and soil erosion collector. Results showed that the land conservation technique reduced soil erosion rom 30.2 to 16.7 tones/ha or 44.8%. This technique reduced soil pathogen population and dead tobacco plant 53.6%. The land conservation technique increased signiicantly tobacco fresh leaves yield 41.7% and dried sliced tobacco yield 42.1 % compared to that of control.Key words: Tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum, temanggung tobacco, soil conservation, erosion, soil pathogen","PeriodicalId":17774,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86589335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.21082/JLITTRI.V9N3.2003.109-115
B. Santoso, Adji Sastrosupadi, Djumali
Hasil samping dari limbah pabrik gula diantaranya adalah blotong atau dikenal dengan scbulan "ilter press mud". Secara umum bentuk dari blotong berupa serpihan scrat-scrat tebu yang mempunyai komposisi humus, N-total, C/N, P2O5, K20, CaO dan MgO, cukup baik untuk dijadikan bahan pupuk organik. Blotong dapat memperbaiki isik tanah, khususnya meningkatkan kapasitas menahan air. menurunkan laju pencucian hara dan memperbaiki drainase tanah. Manfaat lain dari blotong dapat menetralisir pengaruh Al
{"title":"PEMANFAATAN BLOTONG DAN FOSFAT ALAM PADA TANAMAN ROSELA DI LAHAN PODSOLIK MERAH KUNING KALIMANTAN SELATAN","authors":"B. Santoso, Adji Sastrosupadi, Djumali","doi":"10.21082/JLITTRI.V9N3.2003.109-115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/JLITTRI.V9N3.2003.109-115","url":null,"abstract":"Hasil samping dari limbah pabrik gula diantaranya adalah blotong atau dikenal dengan scbulan \"ilter press mud\". Secara umum bentuk dari blotong berupa serpihan scrat-scrat tebu yang mempunyai komposisi humus, N-total, C/N, P2O5, K20, CaO dan MgO, cukup baik untuk dijadikan bahan pupuk organik. Blotong dapat memperbaiki isik tanah, khususnya meningkatkan kapasitas menahan air. menurunkan laju pencucian hara dan memperbaiki drainase tanah. Manfaat lain dari blotong dapat menetralisir pengaruh Al<u , sehingga ketersediaan P dalam tanah lebih tersedia. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendapatkan dosis blotong dan pupuk fosfat alam yang sesuai pada tanaman rosela di lahan podsolik merah kuning Kalimantan Selatan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di senlra pengembangan Intensiikasi Serat Karung Rakyat yaitu di daerah tranmigrasi Desa Sabuhur II, Kecamatan Jorong, Kabupaten Tanah Laut, Kalimantan Selatan dari bulan September 1998 sampai dengan bulan April 1999 Kctinggian lempal 50 m di atas permukaan air laut dengan tipe iklim B2 yaitu 2-3 bulan kering dan 7-9 bulan basah. Topografi dataran rendah dan tadah hujan. Perlakuan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok faktoial yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Sebagai faktor petama adalah blotong dengan dosis : 3, 4, dan S ton per hektar, sedang faktor kedua pupuk fosfat alam dengan dosis : 40: 60, 80, dan 100 kg P,Oj per hektar. Seluruh perlakuan terdiri dari 12 kombinasi blotong dan fosfat alam Ukuran petak yang digunakan 4 m x 6 m dengan jarak tanam 20 cm x 20 cm. Setiap lubang lanam bcrisi satu tanaman Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian 5 ton blolong + 40 Pj05 per hektar ditambah dengan pupuk dasar 90 kg N * 60 kg K2O menghasilkan pertumbuhan linggi tanaman, diameter batang, berat brangkasan, berat kulil, hasil serat kering dan kckuatan serat rosela, masing-masing sebesar 336.35 cm; 14.73 mm; 536 kg/petak; 147 50 kg'petak; 2.775 ton per hektar dan 31 50 granvtex.Kala kunci: Rosela, blotong, fosfal alam, podsolik merah kuning, Kalimantan ABSTRACT The use ofilter press mud and rock phosphate on roselle cultivation in red yellow podsolic soil in South KalimantanThe waste of sugarcane factory was blotong or called \"ilter press mud\". As an organic fetilizer, blotong contains C, N-total, C/N, P2OJ, K2O, CaO and MgO. The filter press mud is believed to have the capacity in improving soil physic, especially water rclcntion, leaching ability and drain capacity. Orther advantage is that it is capable of netralizing the effect of exchangable Al, thus improving the soluble P in the soil. The improvement in soil physic due to the application of ilter press mud is expected to increase the crop yield The purpose of this experiment was to ind out the appropriate dose of iller press mud and rock phosphate on roselle cultivation in the red yellow podsolic soil in South Kalimantan The experiment was conducted in the central growing areas in red yellow podsolic soil al the Sabuhur II transmigration silc, Jorong Sub District, Tana","PeriodicalId":17774,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86316757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.21082/LITTRI.V9N4.2003.141-147
Chandra Indrawanto, Suci Wulandari, Agus Wahyudi
Metode AHP (analytical hierarchy process) digunakan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan usahatani jambu mete. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara secara mendalam dengan para ahli mete dan melalui wawancara terstruktur dengan petani jambu mete di empat desa dalam dua kecamatan di Kabupaten Kendari dan di empat desa dalam dua kecamatan di Kabupaten Buton, Sulawesi Tenggara yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2002. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ada 12 faktor penentu yaitu modal, tenaga kerja, sarana produksi, lahan, teknologi, managerial, lembaga pemasaran, transportasi, informasi pemasaran, kelompok tani, penyuluh dan lembaga keuangan. Empat faktor, yaitu tenaga kerja, sarana produksi, lembaga pemasaran dan transportasi bcrada dalam kondisi dapat diterima. Tiga faktor yaitu modal, lahan dan kelompok tani bcrada dalam kondisi sangat buruk, sedangkan lima faktor lainnya berada dalam kondisi buruk. Dilihat dari nilai kcpentingannya, tiga faktor yaitu modal yang kondisinya sangat buruk, teknologi dan informasi pemasaran yang kondisinya buruk, memiliki tingkat kepentingan yang tinggi. Ha] ini menunjukkan pioritas pembenahan usahatani jambu mete harus diarahkan pada ketiga faktor tersebut.Kata kunci: Anacardium occidentale L, usahatani, faktor penentu ABSTRACT Analysis of determinant factors in cashew farming performance in Southeast SulawesiAnalytical hierarchy process (AHP) method was applied to analyze determinant factors in cashew farming performance. Data were collected through indepth interview with cashew experts and through structured interview with cashew farmers in four villages in two districts in Kendari Regency and in four villages in two districts in Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi in May 2002. The results showed that there were 12 determinant factors, i.e. the availability of capital, labour, input production, land condition, technology, managerial, market institution, transportation, market information, farmers institution, farming instructor, and financial institution. Four factors, labour, input production, transportation and market institution are in fair condition. Three factors, capital, land and fanners institution were in very poor condition. And the rest ive factors were in poor condition. The effort to increase the cashew farming performance has to be focused on capital, technology and market information factors which are in poor or very poor conditions and are crucial determinants.Key words: Anacardium occidentale L, farming, determinant factors
{"title":"ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEBERHASILAN USAHATANI JAMBU METE DI SULAWESI TENGGARA","authors":"Chandra Indrawanto, Suci Wulandari, Agus Wahyudi","doi":"10.21082/LITTRI.V9N4.2003.141-147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/LITTRI.V9N4.2003.141-147","url":null,"abstract":"Metode AHP (analytical hierarchy process) digunakan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan usahatani jambu mete. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara secara mendalam dengan para ahli mete dan melalui wawancara terstruktur dengan petani jambu mete di empat desa dalam dua kecamatan di Kabupaten Kendari dan di empat desa dalam dua kecamatan di Kabupaten Buton, Sulawesi Tenggara yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2002. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ada 12 faktor penentu yaitu modal, tenaga kerja, sarana produksi, lahan, teknologi, managerial, lembaga pemasaran, transportasi, informasi pemasaran, kelompok tani, penyuluh dan lembaga keuangan. Empat faktor, yaitu tenaga kerja, sarana produksi, lembaga pemasaran dan transportasi bcrada dalam kondisi dapat diterima. Tiga faktor yaitu modal, lahan dan kelompok tani bcrada dalam kondisi sangat buruk, sedangkan lima faktor lainnya berada dalam kondisi buruk. Dilihat dari nilai kcpentingannya, tiga faktor yaitu modal yang kondisinya sangat buruk, teknologi dan informasi pemasaran yang kondisinya buruk, memiliki tingkat kepentingan yang tinggi. Ha] ini menunjukkan pioritas pembenahan usahatani jambu mete harus diarahkan pada ketiga faktor tersebut.Kata kunci: Anacardium occidentale L, usahatani, faktor penentu ABSTRACT Analysis of determinant factors in cashew farming performance in Southeast SulawesiAnalytical hierarchy process (AHP) method was applied to analyze determinant factors in cashew farming performance. Data were collected through indepth interview with cashew experts and through structured interview with cashew farmers in four villages in two districts in Kendari Regency and in four villages in two districts in Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi in May 2002. The results showed that there were 12 determinant factors, i.e. the availability of capital, labour, input production, land condition, technology, managerial, market institution, transportation, market information, farmers institution, farming instructor, and financial institution. Four factors, labour, input production, transportation and market institution are in fair condition. Three factors, capital, land and fanners institution were in very poor condition. And the rest ive factors were in poor condition. The effort to increase the cashew farming performance has to be focused on capital, technology and market information factors which are in poor or very poor conditions and are crucial determinants.Key words: Anacardium occidentale L, farming, determinant factors","PeriodicalId":17774,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82979091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.21082/LITTRI.V9N2.2003.55-62
I. Indrayani, T. Hadiastono, G. Mudjiono
Ketcrganlungan pada insektisida kimia dalam pengendalian serangga hama kapas merupakan salah satu alasan pemanfaatan patogen serangga, khususnya S/NPV untuk mengendalikan larva S. litura. Mcskipun secara tcknis agen pengendalian ini cukup potensial mengendalikan hama sasaran, tetapi pemanfaatannya secara luas masih menghadapi banyak kendala, salah satunya adalah tcrbalasnya produk komersial yang menyebabkan aplikasi kurang optimal. Fcnomena transmisi vetikal S/NPV pada generasi hama bcikutnya cukup berpotensi mengendalikan inangnya secara langsung. Penelitian ini dilakukan di l-aboratorium Hama Balai Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat Malang, mulai April hingga Agustus 2002. Tujuannya adalah untuk memperoleh informasi mengenai pengaruh dosis subletal S/NPV pada perkembangan larva S. lilura dan potensinya dalam mentransmisikan infeksi S/NPV pada generasi bcrikutnya (FI). Penelitian disusun secara faktorial dengan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri atas dua faktor. Faktor petama adalah instar larva S. litura terdiri atas dua taraf, yailu: (1) instar ketiga, dan (2) instar kelima. Faktor kedua adalah dosis subletal S/NPV terdiri atas liga laraf, yaitu 5000. 50 000: dan 500 000 PlB'larva. Sebagai pembanding perlakuan digunakan kontrol (tanpa perlakuan S/NPV), dan setiap perlakuan diulang empat kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh dosis subletal S/NPV pada larva S. litura instar ketiga dan kelima, selain menyebabkan motalitas larva, juga mengurangi bobot pupa dan jumlah lelur Larva instar ketiga lebih peka icrhadap infeksi S/NPV yang menyebabkan pupanya mcmiliki bobol (erendah, yaitu 211.5 mg pada laraf dosis 50 000 PIB/larva. Rendahnya bobol pupa berkorelasi positif dengan menurunnya jumlah telur imago, yaitu hanya mencapai 30% (502 butir) dari jumlah telur pada kontrol Peningkatan laraf dosis subletal meningkatkan persentase telur ter¬ kontaminasi polihedra, yaitu tertinggi 24% pada taraf dosis 500 000 PIB/larva, dan juga menurunkan daya tetas telur. Sterilisasi berpotensi menghambat transmisi vetikal S/NPV pada generasi berikutnya (FI), sehingga menurunkan persentase motalitas larva neonate FI. Tanpa sterilisasi pada lelur, motalitas larva neonate IT mencapai t 20%, tetapi dengan sterilisasi menyebabkan motalilas larva rendah yaitu t 5%.Kata kunci : Dosis subletal, entomopatogen S/NPV, transmisi vertikal, S. litura, instar, mortalitas, pupa, neonate, cpizootik. kapas ABSTRACTSublelhal dose of SINPV and its effects on vertical transmission on larvae of Spodoptera lituraOne reason of the use of cnlomopathogen is to reduce chemical inscctisides application on cotton pest insect control S/NPV is one of ihe effective entomopathogen to control S. litura larvae. Technically, this biological agent is effective to control the insect pest, however it is not used widely because of its limited commercial product. Solving this problem is needed such as searching for another information about killing potential of S/NPV to the next generat
{"title":"DOSIS SUBLETAL S/NPV DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP TRANSMISI VERTIKAL PADA LARVA Spodoptera litura F.","authors":"I. Indrayani, T. Hadiastono, G. Mudjiono","doi":"10.21082/LITTRI.V9N2.2003.55-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/LITTRI.V9N2.2003.55-62","url":null,"abstract":"Ketcrganlungan pada insektisida kimia dalam pengendalian serangga hama kapas merupakan salah satu alasan pemanfaatan patogen serangga, khususnya S/NPV untuk mengendalikan larva S. litura. Mcskipun secara tcknis agen pengendalian ini cukup potensial mengendalikan hama sasaran, tetapi pemanfaatannya secara luas masih menghadapi banyak kendala, salah satunya adalah tcrbalasnya produk komersial yang menyebabkan aplikasi kurang optimal. Fcnomena transmisi vetikal S/NPV pada generasi hama bcikutnya cukup berpotensi mengendalikan inangnya secara langsung. Penelitian ini dilakukan di l-aboratorium Hama Balai Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat Malang, mulai April hingga Agustus 2002. Tujuannya adalah untuk memperoleh informasi mengenai pengaruh dosis subletal S/NPV pada perkembangan larva S. lilura dan potensinya dalam mentransmisikan infeksi S/NPV pada generasi bcrikutnya (FI). Penelitian disusun secara faktorial dengan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri atas dua faktor. Faktor petama adalah instar larva S. litura terdiri atas dua taraf, yailu: (1) instar ketiga, dan (2) instar kelima. Faktor kedua adalah dosis subletal S/NPV terdiri atas liga laraf, yaitu 5000. 50 000: dan 500 000 PlB'larva. Sebagai pembanding perlakuan digunakan kontrol (tanpa perlakuan S/NPV), dan setiap perlakuan diulang empat kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh dosis subletal S/NPV pada larva S. litura instar ketiga dan kelima, selain menyebabkan motalitas larva, juga mengurangi bobot pupa dan jumlah lelur Larva instar ketiga lebih peka icrhadap infeksi S/NPV yang menyebabkan pupanya mcmiliki bobol (erendah, yaitu 211.5 mg pada laraf dosis 50 000 PIB/larva. Rendahnya bobol pupa berkorelasi positif dengan menurunnya jumlah telur imago, yaitu hanya mencapai 30% (502 butir) dari jumlah telur pada kontrol Peningkatan laraf dosis subletal meningkatkan persentase telur ter¬ kontaminasi polihedra, yaitu tertinggi 24% pada taraf dosis 500 000 PIB/larva, dan juga menurunkan daya tetas telur. Sterilisasi berpotensi menghambat transmisi vetikal S/NPV pada generasi berikutnya (FI), sehingga menurunkan persentase motalitas larva neonate FI. Tanpa sterilisasi pada lelur, motalitas larva neonate IT mencapai t 20%, tetapi dengan sterilisasi menyebabkan motalilas larva rendah yaitu t 5%.Kata kunci : Dosis subletal, entomopatogen S/NPV, transmisi vertikal, S. litura, instar, mortalitas, pupa, neonate, cpizootik. kapas ABSTRACTSublelhal dose of SINPV and its effects on vertical transmission on larvae of Spodoptera lituraOne reason of the use of cnlomopathogen is to reduce chemical inscctisides application on cotton pest insect control S/NPV is one of ihe effective entomopathogen to control S. litura larvae. Technically, this biological agent is effective to control the insect pest, however it is not used widely because of its limited commercial product. Solving this problem is needed such as searching for another information about killing potential of S/NPV to the next generat","PeriodicalId":17774,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82194850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.21082/LITTRI.V9N4.2003.148-156
S. Supriatna, D. Sumangat, Nfn Risfaheri
Jahe gajah adalah tanaman obat yang sangat potensial dalam industri makanan, minuman maupun obat-obatan. Dalam proses pengolahannya memeriukan pcnanganan yang baik dalam rangka mempertahankan mutu produk yang dihasilkan. Salah satu proses yang sangat penting dan erat kailannya dengan mutu produk tersebut adalah pengcingan Pengcingan merupakan aspek penting dalam upaya pengawetan bahan dan mencegah terjadinya pencemaran oleh jamur atau patogen yang dapat menurunkan mutu bahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang bangun mesin pengering rimpang jahe sebagai bahan baku industi obat. Dalam jangka panjang penelitian ini dipersiapkan untuk menyediakan teknologi rancang bangun dan teknologi proses dalam pengembangan agroindusti tanaman obat, sehingga dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah rimpang jahe dan aktivitas di pedesaan. Penelitian dilakukan di Bengkel Rekayasa dan di Laboratorium Pengolahan Hasil, Balittro pada bulan April - Desember tahun 2002. Metode yang digunakan meliputi perancangan, pembuatan, pengujian, perbaikan, pengujian akhir dan analisis mutu. Mesin pengering impang jahe yang dirancang bangun adalah mesin pengering tipe rak yang berkapasitas S00 kg jahe iisan tiap operasi pengcingan. Sistem pemanasnya menggunakan minyak tanah sebagai bahan bakar dengan konsumsi 3-6 liter perjam dan dilengkapi dengan kipas untuk mendorong udara panas dengan kapasitas 102 m per menit. Kipas digerakkan dengan motor listrik bertenaga 2 HP (1440 RPM, SO Hz). Hasil pengujian dengan menggunakan 100 kg jahe gajah irisan menunjukkan bahwa lama pengcringan sampai mencapai kadar air keseimbangan adalah 13 jam. Rendemen jahe iisan kering rata-rata 13.5%, laju pengeringan 6.85 kg air perjam, dan efisiensi pengcringan 38.84%. Suhu ruang pengering 60-70"C dan kelembaban relatif 20 - 25%. Biaya pengeingan 500 kg jahe iisan jika perajangan jahe dilakukan secara manual yaitu Rp. I 022 perkg. Jika menggunakan mesin perajang, biaya pengeingan menjadi Rp. 273 per kg. Mesin pengeing layak digunakan oleh petani atau kelompok tani. Harga jual produk jahe irisan Rp.30 000 perkg jika pcrajangannya manual, dan Rp. 25 000 per kg jika pcrajangannya menggunakan mesin. Jumlah jahe gajah segar yang dibutuhkan pada titik impas (BEP) yaitu 70.107 kg-'tahun atau 292 kg perhai setara dengan luas pertanaman 2 ha jika perajangan secara manual, dan 33 357 kg/tahun atau 139 kg/hari setara dengan luas areal pertanaman 1 ha jika pcrajangannya menggunakan mesin.Kata kunci: Jahe, simplisia, alat pengeing, irisan, perajangan manual, perajangan mesin ABSTRACT Technology of sliced ginger dryerGinger is a medicinal crop which is very potential as raw mateial in food, drink, and medicinal industry. Drying is an important aspect of its processing to preserve and protect it from fungi or pathogens which can decrease its quality. The aim of this research is to design a drying machine for rhizomes of Zingiberaceae as raw mateial of medicinal industry. In the long term, this research will produce a design
姜饼是食品、饮料和药物行业的潜在药物。在加工过程中，它需要良好的渔业来维持产品的质量。与产品质量密切相关的一个关键过程是，磨削是材料保存和防止真菌或病原体污染的重要方面。本研究旨在设计一种姜黄根茎干燥机，作为一种制药产品的原料。从长远来看，这项研究旨在为药用植物的农业发展提供技术和工艺，从而增加姜根茎的价值和农村活动。这项研究于2002年4月至12月在工程车间和结果处理实验室进行。使用的方法包括设计、制造、测试、改进、最终测试和质量分析。仿制的姜卷须干燥机是一种架子式吹风机，每次干洗时可携带100公斤姜。它的暖气系统使用煤油作为燃料，每小时消耗3-6升，并配有风扇，以每分钟102米的温度推动热空气。风扇由2马力(1440转/分钟，SO Hz)驱动。用100公斤姜片做的测试结果显示，长期搅拌至均衡水的时间为13小时。干性透析平均为13.5%，干速为每小时6.85公斤，干效率为38.84%。房间温度为60-70英寸C，湿度相对为20% - 25%。生姜的重量为500公斤如果生姜的分期付款是手动的，$。我是022 perkg。如果使用压缩机，摇匀费为每公斤273卢比。用于农民或农场团体的清洗机。姜产品的销售价格是每公斤3万卢比，如果是手工雕刻的，每公斤2.5万卢比。即使是手工着实的，也可能相当于2公顷(1英亩)的土地;3357公斤/年或139公斤/天相当于1公顷(1公顷)的土地面积。关键字:姜、杂交、装订、装订、装订、手工、装订机的分解技术是一种像食品、饮料和药物一样有潜力的药物。干干是它保护和保护的重要方面，其保护和保护可能破坏其质量的真菌或病原体。这项研究的目标是为医学行业的生态学家设计一种干机器。长期以来，这项研究将产生一种设计和加工技术，使农作物生产一种药物，使农作物能够在苗圃内增加价值和增加活动。该研究是2002年4月至12月间茂物研究中心(Bogor research Institute for Spices and Post Harvest Laboratory)的委托研究中心和后收获实验室。使用的方法是设计、结构和测试、校准、内在测试和质量分析。烘干机类型因每次处理过程电阻不超过500公斤。干室准备了40个干漆托盘。以3-6 l/hr的利率为单位使用煤油。这个供暖系统是由电风扇调节的，电风扇的电风扇有102 mVminutc。这位鼓风机由2台HP electical motor供电(1440转/分，50赫兹)。方法是设计、结构、测试和质量分析。干枯的姜干的结果表明，148年干燥的时间实现了含水层水分的浓缩时间是13个小时。平均干息率是13.5%，干息率是6.85公斤/人力资源。一般来说，干系统已经干了38.84%的eiciency。《干室温度是70°C和亲戚的humidity 20 - 25%。cost分析显示，每公斤金吉尔的干成本是Rp。如果干处理过程是手工处理的，而干处理处理使用机器的价格是273美元。如果他们能够以低于3万卢比的价格出售死者的价格和2万5千卢比的价格，那么这些烘干机就可以使用。新鲜姜柏的数量是70,107公斤/年或292公斤/天(通过手册)，同时使用滑车;姜的总数是3357公斤/年或139公斤/天。关键字:金吉尔，辛辛利亚，金格烘干机，手动滑移，滑移机
{"title":"REKAYASA TEKNOLOGI MESIN PENGERING RIMPANG JAHE","authors":"S. Supriatna, D. Sumangat, Nfn Risfaheri","doi":"10.21082/LITTRI.V9N4.2003.148-156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/LITTRI.V9N4.2003.148-156","url":null,"abstract":"Jahe gajah adalah tanaman obat yang sangat potensial dalam industri makanan, minuman maupun obat-obatan. Dalam proses pengolahannya memeriukan pcnanganan yang baik dalam rangka mempertahankan mutu produk yang dihasilkan. Salah satu proses yang sangat penting dan erat kailannya dengan mutu produk tersebut adalah pengcingan Pengcingan merupakan aspek penting dalam upaya pengawetan bahan dan mencegah terjadinya pencemaran oleh jamur atau patogen yang dapat menurunkan mutu bahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang bangun mesin pengering rimpang jahe sebagai bahan baku industi obat. Dalam jangka panjang penelitian ini dipersiapkan untuk menyediakan teknologi rancang bangun dan teknologi proses dalam pengembangan agroindusti tanaman obat, sehingga dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah rimpang jahe dan aktivitas di pedesaan. Penelitian dilakukan di Bengkel Rekayasa dan di Laboratorium Pengolahan Hasil, Balittro pada bulan April - Desember tahun 2002. Metode yang digunakan meliputi perancangan, pembuatan, pengujian, perbaikan, pengujian akhir dan analisis mutu. Mesin pengering impang jahe yang dirancang bangun adalah mesin pengering tipe rak yang berkapasitas S00 kg jahe iisan tiap operasi pengcingan. Sistem pemanasnya menggunakan minyak tanah sebagai bahan bakar dengan konsumsi 3-6 liter perjam dan dilengkapi dengan kipas untuk mendorong udara panas dengan kapasitas 102 m per menit. Kipas digerakkan dengan motor listrik bertenaga 2 HP (1440 RPM, SO Hz). Hasil pengujian dengan menggunakan 100 kg jahe gajah irisan menunjukkan bahwa lama pengcringan sampai mencapai kadar air keseimbangan adalah 13 jam. Rendemen jahe iisan kering rata-rata 13.5%, laju pengeringan 6.85 kg air perjam, dan efisiensi pengcringan 38.84%. Suhu ruang pengering 60-70\"C dan kelembaban relatif 20 - 25%. Biaya pengeingan 500 kg jahe iisan jika perajangan jahe dilakukan secara manual yaitu Rp. I 022 perkg. Jika menggunakan mesin perajang, biaya pengeingan menjadi Rp. 273 per kg. Mesin pengeing layak digunakan oleh petani atau kelompok tani. Harga jual produk jahe irisan Rp.30 000 perkg jika pcrajangannya manual, dan Rp. 25 000 per kg jika pcrajangannya menggunakan mesin. Jumlah jahe gajah segar yang dibutuhkan pada titik impas (BEP) yaitu 70.107 kg-'tahun atau 292 kg perhai setara dengan luas pertanaman 2 ha jika perajangan secara manual, dan 33 357 kg/tahun atau 139 kg/hari setara dengan luas areal pertanaman 1 ha jika pcrajangannya menggunakan mesin.Kata kunci: Jahe, simplisia, alat pengeing, irisan, perajangan manual, perajangan mesin ABSTRACT Technology of sliced ginger dryerGinger is a medicinal crop which is very potential as raw mateial in food, drink, and medicinal industry. Drying is an important aspect of its processing to preserve and protect it from fungi or pathogens which can decrease its quality. The aim of this research is to design a drying machine for rhizomes of Zingiberaceae as raw mateial of medicinal industry. In the long term, this research will produce a design ","PeriodicalId":17774,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79749366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.21082/LITTRI.V8N1.2002.7-11
R. Balfas, Supriadi Supriadi, T. L. Mardiningsih, Endang Sugandi
The cause of stunting disease of black pepper (Piper nigrum) in Indonesia has not yet been confirmed cither due o a virus or mycoplaam. However, similar disease found on black pepper plants in the Southeast Asia is caused by Piper yellow mottle virus (PYMV) which is transmitted by Planococcus citri. This expeiments was aimed o examine the cause of the stunting disease and its insect vectors. The expeiment were conducted from October 1998 to May 2001. Diseased vegetative materials of black pepper plants showing stunting disease were collected from Sukamulya, Sukabumi. The potential insect vectors were collected from black pepper plants in Bogor, IP Sukamulya (Sukabumi), Lampung and Bangka. The insects were fed on the diseased plants obtained from Lampung, Bogor and IP Sukamulya, then transferred o the healthy plants. The healthy plants were produced rom true seeds and cutings oiginated rom Bogor and IP Sukamulya. The tested plants were incubated at the green house and examined for disease development. Diseased leaf samples collected rom black pepper plant rom IP. Sukamulya and the transmitted plants were sent to the University of Minnesota, USA for Ihe virus (PYMV) by using ISEM (immunosorbent electron microscope). The result snowed that the leaves samples rom IP. Sukamulya were infected by PYMV. The morphology and size of the virus were similar to those caused stunting disease in the South East Asia. Potential insects vectors found on the diseased black pepper plants were two mealybugs, P. minor and Ferrisia virgata (Hemiptera; Coccoidca: PaaidbcoccidaeX aa well as an aphid Toxoptera aurantii (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea: Aphididae). The first tial on disease transmission by using P. minor, previously reared on the potato tubers, showed one out of ten tested plants produced disease sympom. The subsequent trial using P minor, bred on healthy black pepper seedlings, showed thee out often tested plants developed disease symptoms. None of the aphid transmitted plants developed Ihe disease. This study confirmed thai PYMV b the cause of stunting disease on black pepper in IP Sukamulya and Lampung and P. minor as the insect vecor of the disease.
{"title":"PENYEBAB DAN SERANGGA VEKTOR PENYAKIT KERITING PADA TANAMAN LADA","authors":"R. Balfas, Supriadi Supriadi, T. L. Mardiningsih, Endang Sugandi","doi":"10.21082/LITTRI.V8N1.2002.7-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/LITTRI.V8N1.2002.7-11","url":null,"abstract":"The cause of stunting disease of black pepper (Piper nigrum) in Indonesia has not yet been confirmed cither due o a virus or mycoplaam. However, similar disease found on black pepper plants in the Southeast Asia is caused by Piper yellow mottle virus (PYMV) which is transmitted by Planococcus citri. This expeiments was aimed o examine the cause of the stunting disease and its insect vectors. The expeiment were conducted from October 1998 to May 2001. Diseased vegetative materials of black pepper plants showing stunting disease were collected from Sukamulya, Sukabumi. The potential insect vectors were collected from black pepper plants in Bogor, IP Sukamulya (Sukabumi), Lampung and Bangka. The insects were fed on the diseased plants obtained from Lampung, Bogor and IP Sukamulya, then transferred o the healthy plants. The healthy plants were produced rom true seeds and cutings oiginated rom Bogor and IP Sukamulya. The tested plants were incubated at the green house and examined for disease development. Diseased leaf samples collected rom black pepper plant rom IP. Sukamulya and the transmitted plants were sent to the University of Minnesota, USA for Ihe virus (PYMV) by using ISEM (immunosorbent electron microscope). The result snowed that the leaves samples rom IP. Sukamulya were infected by PYMV. The morphology and size of the virus were similar to those caused stunting disease in the South East Asia. Potential insects vectors found on the diseased black pepper plants were two mealybugs, P. minor and Ferrisia virgata (Hemiptera; Coccoidca: PaaidbcoccidaeX aa well as an aphid Toxoptera aurantii (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea: Aphididae). The first tial on disease transmission by using P. minor, previously reared on the potato tubers, showed one out of ten tested plants produced disease sympom. The subsequent trial using P minor, bred on healthy black pepper seedlings, showed thee out often tested plants developed disease symptoms. None of the aphid transmitted plants developed Ihe disease. This study confirmed thai PYMV b the cause of stunting disease on black pepper in IP Sukamulya and Lampung and P. minor as the insect vecor of the disease.","PeriodicalId":17774,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83930603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.21082/LITTRI.V7N2.2001.35-42
P. D. Riajaya, M. Sholeh, F. T. Kadarwati, M. Rizal
Cotton Planting Times in South SulawesiClimatic elements particularly the rainfall strongly influences successful production of rainfed cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Planting times determined based on more than 20 years daily rainfall data. The rainfall was analyzed using Markov Chain First Order Probability and dryspell probability methods The rainfall data were collected from 46 rainfall stations over Jeneponto, Soppeng, Wajo, Gowa, Bone. Bulukumba. Bantaeng, and Takalar. The planting times varied from the irst week to the fourth week of December for Jeneponto, Takalar, and mostly Gowa. The planting times in Soppeng and Wajo were ranged from the third week of February to the third week of March. Morever, cotton planting times in Bone and Bulukumba were ranged from the third week of March to the third week of April.
{"title":"WAKTU TANAM KAPAS DI SULAWESI SELATAN","authors":"P. D. Riajaya, M. Sholeh, F. T. Kadarwati, M. Rizal","doi":"10.21082/LITTRI.V7N2.2001.35-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/LITTRI.V7N2.2001.35-42","url":null,"abstract":"Cotton Planting Times in South SulawesiClimatic elements particularly the rainfall strongly influences successful production of rainfed cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Planting times determined based on more than 20 years daily rainfall data. The rainfall was analyzed using Markov Chain First Order Probability and dryspell probability methods The rainfall data were collected from 46 rainfall stations over Jeneponto, Soppeng, Wajo, Gowa, Bone. Bulukumba. Bantaeng, and Takalar. The planting times varied from the irst week to the fourth week of December for Jeneponto, Takalar, and mostly Gowa. The planting times in Soppeng and Wajo were ranged from the third week of February to the third week of March. Morever, cotton planting times in Bone and Bulukumba were ranged from the third week of March to the third week of April.","PeriodicalId":17774,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85053139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.21082/LITTRI.V6N2.2000.50-54
S. Sukarman, I. Darwati, D. Rusmin
Morphological and physiological characteristics of Vinca at di fferent water stress levelsVinca (Vinca rosea L.) is one of the important medicinal crops as the sources of raw materials for traditional medicines. Its alkaloid is believed can reduce the risk of cancer, blood tension and diabetes diseases. Recently, vinca is only grown as ornamental plant in the garden, therefore, its cultivation methods is limited, especially its water stress tolerance, lite purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of water stess on the morphological and physiological characteristics of vinca. A pot experiment was conducted in the plastics house of the Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops from November 1997 to March 1998. Factorial experiment consisted two factors and three replications was arranged in a randomized block design. Ihe irst factor consisted of two vinca varieties, those wee white flowers (WFV) and red flowers of vinca (RFV). While 4 different levels of water stress i.e., (I) 100% ield capacity (FC), (2) 80% FC, (3) 60% FC, and (4) 40% FC were used as the second factor. Parameters used for evaluating the effect of teatment consisted of morphological characteristics such as (I) plant height, (2) number of primary branches, (3) number of leaves, (4) leaf area (5) dry weight of stem, (6) dry weight of leaf, (7) dry weight of flowers and (8) dry weight of roots, and physiological characteristics observed including: (I) percentages of opened stomata and (2) free proline content of leaf. Results showed that interaction between varieties and water stress did not significantly affect the morphological nor physiological characteristics. Varieties significantly affected the morphological characteristics (except plant height), however they did not signiicantly affect physiological characteristics. Water stress significantly affected the morphological (except dry weight of roots) and free proline contents. Under 80% FC, vinca produced the highest growth and dry weight of plant however, the plant growth and dry weight wee inhibited under 60 and 40% FC. Under 40% FC, percentages of opened stomata deceased signiicantly. Moeover, proline content in the leaves signiicantly increased by water stess treatments.
{"title":"KARAKTER MORFOLOGI DAN FISIOLOGI TAPAK DARA (Vinca rosea L.) PADA BEBERAPA CEKAMAN AIR","authors":"S. Sukarman, I. Darwati, D. Rusmin","doi":"10.21082/LITTRI.V6N2.2000.50-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/LITTRI.V6N2.2000.50-54","url":null,"abstract":"Morphological and physiological characteristics of Vinca at di fferent water stress levelsVinca (Vinca rosea L.) is one of the important medicinal crops as the sources of raw materials for traditional medicines. Its alkaloid is believed can reduce the risk of cancer, blood tension and diabetes diseases. Recently, vinca is only grown as ornamental plant in the garden, therefore, its cultivation methods is limited, especially its water stress tolerance, lite purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of water stess on the morphological and physiological characteristics of vinca. A pot experiment was conducted in the plastics house of the Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops from November 1997 to March 1998. Factorial experiment consisted two factors and three replications was arranged in a randomized block design. Ihe irst factor consisted of two vinca varieties, those wee white flowers (WFV) and red flowers of vinca (RFV). While 4 different levels of water stress i.e., (I) 100% ield capacity (FC), (2) 80% FC, (3) 60% FC, and (4) 40% FC were used as the second factor. Parameters used for evaluating the effect of teatment consisted of morphological characteristics such as (I) plant height, (2) number of primary branches, (3) number of leaves, (4) leaf area (5) dry weight of stem, (6) dry weight of leaf, (7) dry weight of flowers and (8) dry weight of roots, and physiological characteristics observed including: (I) percentages of opened stomata and (2) free proline content of leaf. Results showed that interaction between varieties and water stress did not significantly affect the morphological nor physiological characteristics. Varieties significantly affected the morphological characteristics (except plant height), however they did not signiicantly affect physiological characteristics. Water stress significantly affected the morphological (except dry weight of roots) and free proline contents. Under 80% FC, vinca produced the highest growth and dry weight of plant however, the plant growth and dry weight wee inhibited under 60 and 40% FC. Under 40% FC, percentages of opened stomata deceased signiicantly. Moeover, proline content in the leaves signiicantly increased by water stess treatments.","PeriodicalId":17774,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79307539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.21082/LITTRI.V10N1.2004.8-11
Nfn Supriadi, E. M. Adhi, S. Rahayuningsih, M. Dahsyat
Gejala busuk akar cokelat pada tanaman jambu mete di Sumbawa, khususnya Kecamatan Pekat, Dompu-NTB diasosiasikan dengan serangan Phellinus noxius. Secara ilmiah jamur ini belum dapat dibuktikan patogensitasnya. Penelitian ini betujuan menguraikan hasil penelitian tentang uji patogenisitas isolat P. noxius pada bibit jambu mete dan 6 jenis tanaman berkayu lainnya. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2003 di laboratoium dan rumah kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat. Isolat P. noxius diperoleh dari tanaman jambu mete sakit Kecamatan Pekat, Dompu-NTB, kemudian diperbanyak pada medium campuran beras jagung (1:1) dalam botol selai (vol. 250 ml.). Biakan inokulum jamur berumur salu bulan diinokulasikan pada pangkal batang dai tujuh jenis tanaman berkayu, yaitu: jambu mete (Anacardium occidentale) jenis Balakrisnan, kayu manis (Cinnamomum casia dan C. burmanii), kopi (Cofea arabtca), jarak pagar (Jatropa curcas). kapok (Ceiba pentandra), dan singkong (Manihot utilissima) yang ditumbuhkan di dalam kantong plastik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa enam dai tanaman yang diinokulasi dengan P. noxius menghasilkan gejala penyakit daun menguning dan layu, sama sepeti gejala penyakit di lapangan. Bibit yang diinokulasi mati dalam waktu 2-3 minggu sampai dengan 2 bulan setelah inokulasi. Satu-satunya jenis tanaman yang menunjukkan gejala berbeda dan tidak mati, adalah singkong yang menunjukkan gejala kcrdil. Tanaman jambu mete dan jarak pagar merupakan tanaman inang yang baru untuk P. noxius. karena tanaman lainnya sudah pemah dilaporkan sebelumnya.. Mengingat ganasnya serangan P. noxius pada bibit yang diinokulasi maka kcwaspadaan perlu ditingkatkan untuk mencegah tersebamya penyakit ini ke daerah pengembangan mete lainnya di NTB.Kata kunci: Anacardium occidentale, jambu mete, Phellinus noxius. patogenisitasABSTRACTPathogenicity of Phellinus noxius isolatedfrom diseased cashew and other woody plantsBrown root rot symptom on cashew in Sumbawa, especially in Pekat Distict, Dompu - West Nusa Tenggara is associated with the attack of Phellinus noxius. The pathogenicity of this fungus has not been proven scientiically. This experiment was aimed to analyse the result of pathogenicity test of P. noxius isolate on the seedlings of cashew and 6 other woody plants. This research was done in 2003 in the laboratory and glass house of the Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crop Research Institute. The P. noxius isolate was obtained from the infected cashew in Pekat District, Dompu - West Nusa Tcnggara, then multiplied in the mixture of rice and com medium in the 250 ml jam bottle. The one month fungus culture was inoculated on the stem base of the seven woody plants, namely cashew (Anacardium occidentale) Balakhrisnan cullivar, cinnamon (Cinnamommum casia and C. burmanii), coffee (Coffea arabica), castor (Jatropa curcas), kapok (Ceiba pentandra) and cassava (Manihot uilissima) grown in plastic pots. The result of this expeiment indicated that the six kinds of plants inoc
{"title":"PATOGENISITAS ISOLAT Phellinus noxius PADA JAMBU METE DAN BEBERAPA JENIS TANAMAN BERKAYU LAINNYA","authors":"Nfn Supriadi, E. M. Adhi, S. Rahayuningsih, M. Dahsyat","doi":"10.21082/LITTRI.V10N1.2004.8-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/LITTRI.V10N1.2004.8-11","url":null,"abstract":"Gejala busuk akar cokelat pada tanaman jambu mete di Sumbawa, khususnya Kecamatan Pekat, Dompu-NTB diasosiasikan dengan serangan Phellinus noxius. Secara ilmiah jamur ini belum dapat dibuktikan patogensitasnya. Penelitian ini betujuan menguraikan hasil penelitian tentang uji patogenisitas isolat P. noxius pada bibit jambu mete dan 6 jenis tanaman berkayu lainnya. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2003 di laboratoium dan rumah kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat. Isolat P. noxius diperoleh dari tanaman jambu mete sakit Kecamatan Pekat, Dompu-NTB, kemudian diperbanyak pada medium campuran beras jagung (1:1) dalam botol selai (vol. 250 ml.). Biakan inokulum jamur berumur salu bulan diinokulasikan pada pangkal batang dai tujuh jenis tanaman berkayu, yaitu: jambu mete (Anacardium occidentale) jenis Balakrisnan, kayu manis (Cinnamomum casia dan C. burmanii), kopi (Cofea arabtca), jarak pagar (Jatropa curcas). kapok (Ceiba pentandra), dan singkong (Manihot utilissima) yang ditumbuhkan di dalam kantong plastik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa enam dai tanaman yang diinokulasi dengan P. noxius menghasilkan gejala penyakit daun menguning dan layu, sama sepeti gejala penyakit di lapangan. Bibit yang diinokulasi mati dalam waktu 2-3 minggu sampai dengan 2 bulan setelah inokulasi. Satu-satunya jenis tanaman yang menunjukkan gejala berbeda dan tidak mati, adalah singkong yang menunjukkan gejala kcrdil. Tanaman jambu mete dan jarak pagar merupakan tanaman inang yang baru untuk P. noxius. karena tanaman lainnya sudah pemah dilaporkan sebelumnya.. Mengingat ganasnya serangan P. noxius pada bibit yang diinokulasi maka kcwaspadaan perlu ditingkatkan untuk mencegah tersebamya penyakit ini ke daerah pengembangan mete lainnya di NTB.Kata kunci: Anacardium occidentale, jambu mete, Phellinus noxius. patogenisitasABSTRACTPathogenicity of Phellinus noxius isolatedfrom diseased cashew and other woody plantsBrown root rot symptom on cashew in Sumbawa, especially in Pekat Distict, Dompu - West Nusa Tenggara is associated with the attack of Phellinus noxius. The pathogenicity of this fungus has not been proven scientiically. This experiment was aimed to analyse the result of pathogenicity test of P. noxius isolate on the seedlings of cashew and 6 other woody plants. This research was done in 2003 in the laboratory and glass house of the Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crop Research Institute. The P. noxius isolate was obtained from the infected cashew in Pekat District, Dompu - West Nusa Tcnggara, then multiplied in the mixture of rice and com medium in the 250 ml jam bottle. The one month fungus culture was inoculated on the stem base of the seven woody plants, namely cashew (Anacardium occidentale) Balakhrisnan cullivar, cinnamon (Cinnamommum casia and C. burmanii), coffee (Coffea arabica), castor (Jatropa curcas), kapok (Ceiba pentandra) and cassava (Manihot uilissima) grown in plastic pots. The result of this expeiment indicated that the six kinds of plants inoc","PeriodicalId":17774,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74943223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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