Kuwait Journal of Science最新文献

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Monitoring and assessment of vegetation covers of different biogeographical zones in Jordan using remote sensing and mathematical modelling

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100386

Anna I. Kurbatova , Nawras Shatnawi , A.M. Tarko , Hani A. Abu Qdais , Elizaveta A. Grigorets

Plant systems act as reservoirs for storing carbon in biomass and soil. The main objective of this study is to assess the current and future changes in the carbon pools of ecosystems in Jordan's under-predicted climate impacts. The impacts of the land and the vegetation in the whole regional ecosystem on the carbon balance were assessed in the atmosphere-soil system using remote sensing techniques and mathematical modeling of the global carbon cycles. The assessment of Jordan's vegetation covers of different biogeographical zones of the country was carried out using satellite imagery of 30 m spatial resolution, from which the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was computed. The results of modelling have shown several numbers of patterns taking place in the ecosystems under the influence of СО₂ emissions and other anthropogenic impacts. Combining the NDVI values with the Spatial Model of the Global Carbon Cycles in the Atmosphere - Plants – Soil System (APS) it was possible to assess the dependence of the humus and biomass of vegetation on the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. NDVI analysis in the period 2000–2018 has shown an increase in the value of the index. The simulation results of the carbon in both humus and biomass for the period 2000–2060 have shown an exponentially increasing trend, which implies that the carbon sequestration capacity is improving with time.

{"title":"Monitoring and assessment of vegetation covers of different biogeographical zones in Jordan using remote sensing and mathematical modelling","authors":"Anna I. Kurbatova , Nawras Shatnawi , A.M. Tarko , Hani A. Abu Qdais , Elizaveta A. Grigorets","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant systems act as reservoirs for storing carbon in biomass and soil. The main objective of this study is to assess the current and future changes in the carbon pools of ecosystems in Jordan's under-predicted climate impacts. The impacts of the land and the vegetation in the whole regional ecosystem on the carbon balance were assessed in the atmosphere-soil system using remote sensing techniques and mathematical modeling of the global carbon cycles. The assessment of Jordan's vegetation covers of different biogeographical zones of the country was carried out using satellite imagery of 30 m spatial resolution, from which the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was computed. The results of modelling have shown several numbers of patterns taking place in the ecosystems under the influence of СО<sub>2</sub> emissions and other anthropogenic impacts. Combining the NDVI values with the Spatial Model of the Global Carbon Cycles in the Atmosphere - Plants – Soil System (APS) it was possible to assess the dependence of the humus and biomass of vegetation on the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. NDVI analysis in the period 2000–2018 has shown an increase in the value of the index. The simulation results of the carbon in both humus and biomass for the period 2000–2060 have shown an exponentially increasing trend, which implies that the carbon sequestration capacity is improving with time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 2","pages":"Article 100386"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing gas-quenching method for fabrication of perovskite-based photovoltaics

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100387

Afshin Hadipour

The fabrication of gas-quenched perovskite solar cells is analyzed and optimized by using different inert gases. The performance and the stability of the perovskite photovoltaic device are related to the perovskite crystallization properties, such as grain size and grain interspacing distance, as well as its impurity content and defect density. A suitable morphology of a solution-processed perovskite layer can be achieved by different routes. A promising, low cost, and large area compatible way of creating proper crystallization of the perovskite layer is gas quenching. Nitrogen gas is usually used for this purpose to flush the perovskite wet film during coating and control its nucleation stage. It is so far not clear in the literature if there is any relationship between the molecular weight of the quenching gas and the perovskite film morphology. We analyzed the crystallization properties, grain size, surface roughness, and defect density of the perovskite film and the related electrical performance and the stability of the solar cell devices, using nitrogen, helium, and argon as quenching gases. We found that the grain size of the perovskite layer can be tuned by using gases with different molecular weights. Perovskite layers quenched with helium and argon have bigger grain sizes and they are very stable under operational conditions compared to the less stable solar cell device processed by nitrogen gas with a smaller grain size.

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引用次数: 0

Temperature variability and its governing mechanisms within the Jailolo Strait, Indonesia

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100384

Abdul Basit , Rahaden Bagas Hatmaja , Suliskania Nurfitri , Mochamad Furqon Azis Ismail , Asep Sandra Budiman , Bambang Setiadi , Erma Yulihastin , Widodo S. Pranowo , Mutiara Rachmat Putri , Kandaga Pujiana , Bernhard Mayer , Thomas Pohlmann

Long-term reanalysis data from the Bluelink ReANalysis 2020 (BRAN2020) are used to investigate temperature variability from 2010 to 2020 in the Jailolo Strait–Halmahera Sea, which is part of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) eastern route. The analysis shows that net surface heat flux (NSHF) mainly affects semiannual mixed layer temperature (MLT) variability. Vertical turbulent mixing cools the mixed layer from below, while the vertical and horizontal advection have less impact on the MLT heat budget. In the upper thermocline (40–100 m), two temperature minima occur: one in April due to outflow to the Pacific Ocean, and another in August due to uplifted water. Different cooling processes mark the dominant annual variation in the mid thermocline (100–150 m depth) and the lower thermocline (150–200 m). The cooling process is mainly associated with the transport from the Pacific Ocean into the Indonesian Seas (inflow) in the mid-thermocline, while it is generally related to the outflow transport in the lower thermocline. Interannual temperature variation is marked by the relatively colder (warmer) sea surface temperature and shallowing (deepening) thermocline during the El Niño (La Niña) period, which is associated with the upwelling (downwelling) Rossby wave propagation. It is also found that the colder (warmer) temperature in the upper 200 m during the El Niño (La Niña) period correlates with the weaker (stronger) inflow from the Pacific Ocean into the Indonesian Seas.

{"title":"Temperature variability and its governing mechanisms within the Jailolo Strait, Indonesia","authors":"Abdul Basit , Rahaden Bagas Hatmaja , Suliskania Nurfitri , Mochamad Furqon Azis Ismail , Asep Sandra Budiman , Bambang Setiadi , Erma Yulihastin , Widodo S. Pranowo , Mutiara Rachmat Putri , Kandaga Pujiana , Bernhard Mayer , Thomas Pohlmann","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Long-term reanalysis data from the Bluelink ReANalysis 2020 (BRAN2020) are used to investigate temperature variability from 2010 to 2020 in the Jailolo Strait–Halmahera Sea, which is part of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) eastern route. The analysis shows that net surface heat flux (NSHF) mainly affects semiannual mixed layer temperature (MLT) variability. Vertical turbulent mixing cools the mixed layer from below, while the vertical and horizontal advection have less impact on the MLT heat budget. In the upper thermocline (40–100 m), two temperature minima occur: one in April due to outflow to the Pacific Ocean, and another in August due to uplifted water. Different cooling processes mark the dominant annual variation in the mid thermocline (100–150 m depth) and the lower thermocline (150–200 m). The cooling process is mainly associated with the transport from the Pacific Ocean into the Indonesian Seas (inflow) in the mid-thermocline, while it is generally related to the outflow transport in the lower thermocline. Interannual temperature variation is marked by the relatively colder (warmer) sea surface temperature and shallowing (deepening) thermocline during the El Niño (La Niña) period, which is associated with the upwelling (downwelling) Rossby wave propagation. It is also found that the colder (warmer) temperature in the upper 200 m during the El Niño (La Niña) period correlates with the weaker (stronger) inflow from the Pacific Ocean into the Indonesian Seas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 2","pages":"Article 100384"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimization and assessment of the metabolites from the Corrigiola telephiifolia Pourr. roots, using response surface methodology

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100383

Wissal El Yaagoubi , Smail Aazza , Meriem Soussi , Saadia Belmalha , Amal Alotaibi , Salah-Eddine Laasli , Rachid Lahlali , Lahsen El Ghadraoui

Corrigiola telephiifolia Pourr. is recognized for its health-promoting effects due to its rich bioactive compound content, particularly antioxidants. This study aimed to optimize the extraction of phenolic compounds from dried C. telephiifolia roots using various solvent combinations. A centroid simplex statistical approach was employed to evaluate the impact of different organic solvents—methanol, ethanol, and water—on extraction efficiency. The results indicated that a 50% methanol and 50% water binary combination yielded the highest total phenolic content, while an equal combination of methanol, ethanol, and water maximized total flavonoid content. Additionally, the hydromethanolic extract (50%, 50%) demonstrated the optimum antioxidant activity, with specific solvent mixtures enhancing DPPH scavenging activity and FRAP values. The optimized solvent proportions for total antioxidant capacity were 60.8% water, 30.3% ethanol, and 8.9% methanol. These findings suggest that the optimized extraction models are cost-effective and efficient, providing a valuable method for extracting high-quality phytocompounds.

{"title":"Optimization and assessment of the metabolites from the Corrigiola telephiifolia Pourr. roots, using response surface methodology","authors":"Wissal El Yaagoubi , Smail Aazza , Meriem Soussi , Saadia Belmalha , Amal Alotaibi , Salah-Eddine Laasli , Rachid Lahlali , Lahsen El Ghadraoui","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Corrigiola telephiifolia Pourr.</em> is recognized for its health-promoting effects due to its rich bioactive compound content, particularly antioxidants. This study aimed to optimize the extraction of phenolic compounds from dried <em>C. telephiifolia</em> roots using various solvent combinations. A centroid simplex statistical approach was employed to evaluate the impact of different organic solvents—methanol, ethanol, and water—on extraction efficiency. The results indicated that a 50% methanol and 50% water binary combination yielded the highest total phenolic content, while an equal combination of methanol, ethanol, and water maximized total flavonoid content. Additionally, the hydromethanolic extract (50%, 50%) demonstrated the optimum antioxidant activity, with specific solvent mixtures enhancing DPPH scavenging activity and FRAP values. The optimized solvent proportions for total antioxidant capacity were 60.8% water, 30.3% ethanol, and 8.9% methanol. These findings suggest that the optimized extraction models are cost-effective and efficient, providing a valuable method for extracting high-quality phytocompounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 2","pages":"Article 100383"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A review on multi-therapeutic potential of the Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) alkaloids mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine: Experimental evidence and future perspectives

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100381

Taslima Begum , Mohd Hafiz Arzmi , Murni Nazira Sarian , Syed Adnan Ali Shah , Syed Najmul Hejaz Azmi , ABM Helal Uddin , Alfi Khatib , Qamar Uddin Ahmed

Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) is a traditional medicinal plant of Southeast Asia, known for its pharmacologically active alkaloids, mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine. The chemistry, isolation, pharmacological properties, and toxicities of these two compounds have been studied by a wide range of scientific studies. However, thus far, there is no comprehensive review of mitragynine, 7-hydroxymitragynine, and their related compounds. Therefore, this review analyzed 150 papers from PubMed®, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar to provide information on the chemistry, method of synthesis and extraction, biological effects, and toxicities of mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine. Additionally, the existing research gaps were identified and recommendations for future research were provided. It was observed that most studies focused on Mitragyna speciosa leaves, with little to no research conducted on other parts of the plant, particularly the flowers. Furthermore, there is still a lack of less costly and time-consuming protocols to obtain the two major alkaloids from different parts of the plant. Finally, most studies have focused on these two alkaloids to explore their pharmacological effects, although some studies have shown that other alkaloids exhibit better pharmacological activity.

{"title":"A review on multi-therapeutic potential of the Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) alkaloids mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine: Experimental evidence and future perspectives","authors":"Taslima Begum , Mohd Hafiz Arzmi , Murni Nazira Sarian , Syed Adnan Ali Shah , Syed Najmul Hejaz Azmi , ABM Helal Uddin , Alfi Khatib , Qamar Uddin Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Mitragyna speciosa</em> (kratom) is a traditional medicinal plant of Southeast Asia, known for its pharmacologically active alkaloids, mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine. The chemistry, isolation, pharmacological properties, and toxicities of these two compounds have been studied by a wide range of scientific studies. However, thus far, there is no comprehensive review of mitragynine, 7-hydroxymitragynine, and their related compounds. Therefore, this review analyzed 150 papers from PubMed®, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar to provide information on the chemistry, method of synthesis and extraction, biological effects, and toxicities of mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine. Additionally, the existing research gaps were identified and recommendations for future research were provided. It was observed that most studies focused on <em>Mitragyna speciosa</em> leaves, with little to no research conducted on other parts of the plant, particularly the flowers. Furthermore, there is still a lack of less costly and time-consuming protocols to obtain the two major alkaloids from different parts of the plant. Finally, most studies have focused on these two alkaloids to explore their pharmacological effects, although some studies have shown that other alkaloids exhibit better pharmacological activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 2","pages":"Article 100381"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Potential effectiveness of Morchella conica and Morchella esculenta extracts against carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100380

Faiz Ul Haq , Muhammad Imran , Sidrah Saleem , Usman Aftab , Özge Süfer , Muhsin Jamal , Fatema Gaffar

Acinetobacter baumannii is an important opportunistic bacterium causing nosocomial infections. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), A. baumannii is a top-priority bacterium for the search for novel antibacterial agents. This study was planned to assess the potential antibacterial effects of Morchella conica and Morchella esculenta against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB). All the Morchella conica and Morchella esculenta extracts were analyzed for potential antibacterial activities by disk diffusion and standard broth microdilution techniques. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) activities of Morchella extracts against both clinical and standard American type culture collection (ATCC) strains of CRAB were noted in the current study. Furthermore, ultra-performance liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (UPLC-MS) of both Morchella species was performed to reveal the chemical compositions of these extracts. It was observed that all M. conica extracts were able to inhibit the growth of CRAB. Both Morchella species present excellent antibacterial activity, which was comparable to tigecycline but superior to meropenem. The MIC of Morchella extracts required to completely inhibit CRAB ranged from 4.66 ± 1.7 mg/ml to 12 ± 2 mg/ml. The bactericidal effects for M. conica and M. esculenta were ≥ 8–16 mg/ml and ≥ 4–8 mg/ml, respectively. The activities of Morchella extracts against CRAB are reported for the first time. The results demonstrated Morchella extracts have the potential to inhibit CRAB growth.

{"title":"Potential effectiveness of Morchella conica and Morchella esculenta extracts against carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii","authors":"Faiz Ul Haq , Muhammad Imran , Sidrah Saleem , Usman Aftab , Özge Süfer , Muhsin Jamal , Fatema Gaffar","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> is an important opportunistic bacterium causing nosocomial infections. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), <em>A. baumannii</em> is a top-priority bacterium for the search for novel antibacterial agents. This study was planned to assess the potential antibacterial effects of <em>Morchella conica</em> and <em>Morchella esculenta</em> against carbapenem-resistant <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> (CRAB). All the <em>Morchella conica</em> and <em>Morchella esculenta</em> extracts were analyzed for potential antibacterial activities by disk diffusion and standard broth microdilution techniques. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) activities of <em>Morchella</em> extracts against both clinical and standard American type culture collection (ATCC) strains of CRAB were noted in the current study. Furthermore, ultra-performance liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (UPLC-MS) of both <em>Morchella</em> species was performed to reveal the chemical compositions of these extracts. It was observed that all <em>M. conica</em> extracts were able to inhibit the growth of CRAB. Both <em>Morchella</em> species present excellent antibacterial activity, which was comparable to tigecycline but superior to meropenem. The MIC of <em>Morchella</em> extracts required to completely inhibit CRAB ranged from 4.66 ± 1.7 mg/ml to 12 ± 2 mg/ml. The bactericidal effects for <em>M. conica</em> and <em>M. esculenta</em> were ≥ 8–16 mg/ml and ≥ 4–8 mg/ml, respectively. The activities of <em>Morchella</em> extracts against CRAB are reported for the first time. The results demonstrated <em>Morchella</em> extracts have the potential to inhibit CRAB growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 2","pages":"Article 100380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Occurrence and physico-chemical properties of aplite-derived kaolin from eastern Kinta valley, Malaysia

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100379

Ling Han Khong , Onimisi Abdullateef Jimoh , Hareyani Zabidi , Kamar Shah Ariffin

Kaolin from eastern Kinta Valley was studied for its geological, geochemical, mineralogical, and textural characteristics. Research was conducted on kaolinitic occurrence from three locations, and the samples were subjected to analysis by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size distribution (PSD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetry (DTA/TG). Field studies indicate that the aplite is originally embedded into a northwest trending fault and is kaolinized by a latter fault reactivation and hydrothermal activities related to the hydrothermal cassiterite mineralization. XRD and FTIR analyses reveal that the clays are well-ordered kaolinite and halloysite with minor illite present. Geochemically, the kaolin displays low content (<0.4%) of Fe + Ti and 0.7% alkali. The washed kaolin shows composition approaching ideal kaolin. However, the raw clay consists of a 42–77% clay fraction, with quartz as the prime coarser constituent. The clay fractions are typically soft kaolin with coarse kaolinite stacks (d50 = 7–8 μm), except for a sample with a fine halloysite fraction. This study presents a new mode of kaolin occurrence in Malaysia, with the potential to be developed into a new kaolin mining region.

{"title":"Occurrence and physico-chemical properties of aplite-derived kaolin from eastern Kinta valley, Malaysia","authors":"Ling Han Khong , Onimisi Abdullateef Jimoh , Hareyani Zabidi , Kamar Shah Ariffin","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Kaolin from eastern Kinta Valley was studied for its geological, geochemical, mineralogical, and textural characteristics. Research was conducted on kaolinitic occurrence from three locations, and the samples were subjected to analysis by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size distribution (PSD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetry (DTA/TG). Field studies indicate that the aplite is originally embedded into a northwest trending fault and is kaolinized by a latter fault reactivation and hydrothermal activities related to the hydrothermal cassiterite mineralization. XRD and FTIR analyses reveal that the clays are well-ordered kaolinite and halloysite with minor illite present. Geochemically, the kaolin displays low content (<0.4%) of Fe + Ti and 0.7% alkali. The washed kaolin shows composition approaching ideal kaolin. However, the raw clay consists of a 42–77% clay fraction, with quartz as the prime coarser constituent. The clay fractions are typically soft kaolin with coarse kaolinite stacks (d50 = 7–8 μm), except for a sample with a fine halloysite fraction. This study presents a new mode of kaolin occurrence in Malaysia, with the potential to be developed into a new kaolin mining region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 2","pages":"Article 100379"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity of two sage species' organic and aqueous extracts from Morocco's Middle Atlas

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100382

Souad Maache , Asmae Elghouizi , Latifa Zbadi , Najoua Soulo , Ghizlane Nouioura , Badiaa Lyoussi , Ilham Elarabi

This study quantifies phenols and flavonoids and evaluates antioxidant and antibacterial activities in extracts of Salvia officinalis (SO) and Salvia blancoana subsp. mesatlantica (SB) from Immouzzer in the Middle Atlas, Morocco. Bioactive components from both plants were extracted, and their 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were assessed in aqueous and organic extracts. Both extracts exhibited high levels of bioactive substances, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial properties. The highest total phenolic content (TPC) for SO and SB was in the methanol extract. SO's methanol extract had the highest total flavonoid content (TFC), while SB's aqueous extract showed the highest TFC. The methanol extract also demonstrated the highest DPPH antioxidant activity for both SB and SO, and the highest TAC levels were in the methanol extract of SB and the aqueous extract of SO. In SO, the methanol extract exhibited the highest FRAP, while SB's highest was in the ethanol extract. Both extracts demonstrated notable inhibition, with SB's ethyl acetate extract having the largest zone against Staphylococcus aureus, and SO's ethanol extract showing strong activity against Candida albicans. The ethanolic extract from SO had the lowest MIC and MBC values against Bacillus subtilis, and the lowest MIC values for Proteus mirabilis in SB were associated with the ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts., while the lowest MBC values for both pathogens were with the ethanolic and dichloromethane extracts. Leaf extracts from both Salvia species may serve as natural antioxidants and antimicrobials for the food and pharmaceutical industries.

{"title":"Characterization, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity of two sage species' organic and aqueous extracts from Morocco's Middle Atlas","authors":"Souad Maache , Asmae Elghouizi , Latifa Zbadi , Najoua Soulo , Ghizlane Nouioura , Badiaa Lyoussi , Ilham Elarabi","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study quantifies phenols and flavonoids and evaluates antioxidant and antibacterial activities in extracts of <em>Salvia officinalis</em> (SO) and <em>Salvia blancoana</em> subsp. <em>mesatlantica</em> (SB) from Immouzzer in the Middle Atlas, Morocco. Bioactive components from both plants were extracted, and their 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were assessed in aqueous and organic extracts. Both extracts exhibited high levels of bioactive substances, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial properties. The highest total phenolic content (TPC) for SO and SB was in the methanol extract. SO's methanol extract had the highest total flavonoid content (TFC), while SB's aqueous extract showed the highest TFC. The methanol extract also demonstrated the highest DPPH antioxidant activity for both SB and SO, and the highest TAC levels were in the methanol extract of SB and the aqueous extract of SO. In SO, the methanol extract exhibited the highest FRAP, while SB's highest was in the ethanol extract. Both extracts demonstrated notable inhibition, with SB's ethyl acetate extract having the largest zone against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, and SO's ethanol extract showing strong activity against <em>Candida albicans</em>. The ethanolic extract from SO had the lowest MIC and MBC values against <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, and the lowest MIC values for <em>Proteus mirabilis</em> in SB were associated with the ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts., while the lowest MBC values for both pathogens were with the ethanolic and dichloromethane extracts. Leaf extracts from both <em>Salvia</em> species may serve as natural antioxidants and antimicrobials for the food and pharmaceutical industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 2","pages":"Article 100382"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Helianthemum oelandicum subsp. incanum and Fumana thymifolia: Characterization of LC-ESI-QTOF-MS profiles and their biological activities based on plant parts and extraction solvents

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100378

Ahmet Emir , Nilofar Nilofar , Ceren Emir , Gunes Coban , Evren Yildiztugay , Gokhan Zengin

The members of the genera Helianthemum and Fumana offer great potential for ethnobotanical purposes, including gastrointestinal and reproductive problems. In the current study, we focused on the chemical profile and biological properties of Helianthemum oelandicum subsp. incanum and Fumana thymifolia extracts. The extracts from the aerial parts and roots of these plants, which were obtained using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water, were examined. Additionally, we determined the chemical composition of the extracts through liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS) and assessed their antioxidant activity using different assays. Moreover, the study involved the evaluation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butrycholinesterase (BChE), tyrosinase, amylase, and glucosidase activities in all the extracts. In general, benzoic acid derivatives were the major phenolic acids in both plants. Regarding antioxidant properties. In terms of H. oelandicum subsp. incanum, the aerial part methanol extract displayed the highest TPC, as a result of the highest free radical scavenging activity (DPPH: 628.93 mg TE/g and ABTS: 910.56 mg TE/g). Concerning the inhibitory effects, among H. oelandicum subsp. incanum extracts, the ethyl acetate extract of aerial parts demonstrated the highest AChE inhibition (2.44 mg GALAE/g), with the highest value found in the n-hexane extract of the roots recorded at 2.74 mg GALAE/g. In terms of tyrosinase inhibition, the methanol extracts were more active than other extracts for both plants and their parts. Taken together, these results suggest that H. oelandicum subsp. incanum and F. thymifolia may be useful for potential applications in neuroprotection, skin, and diabetes.

{"title":"Helianthemum oelandicum subsp. incanum and Fumana thymifolia: Characterization of LC-ESI-QTOF-MS profiles and their biological activities based on plant parts and extraction solvents","authors":"Ahmet Emir , Nilofar Nilofar , Ceren Emir , Gunes Coban , Evren Yildiztugay , Gokhan Zengin","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The members of the genera <em>Helianthemum</em> and <em>Fumana</em> offer great potential for ethnobotanical purposes, including gastrointestinal and reproductive problems. In the current study, we focused on the chemical profile and biological properties of <em>Helianthemum oelandicum</em> subsp. <em>incanum</em> and <em>Fumana thymifolia</em> extracts. The extracts from the aerial parts and roots of these plants, which were obtained using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water, were examined. Additionally, we determined the chemical composition of the extracts through liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS) and assessed their antioxidant activity using different assays. Moreover, the study involved the evaluation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butrycholinesterase (BChE), tyrosinase, amylase, and glucosidase activities in all the extracts. In general, benzoic acid derivatives were the major phenolic acids in both plants. Regarding antioxidant properties. In terms of <em>H. oelandicum</em> subsp. <em>incanum</em>, the aerial part methanol extract displayed the highest TPC, as a result of the highest free radical scavenging activity (DPPH: 628.93 mg TE/g and ABTS: 910.56 mg TE/g). Concerning the inhibitory effects, among <em>H</em>. <em>oelandicum</em> subsp. <em>incanum</em> extracts, the ethyl acetate extract of aerial parts demonstrated the highest AChE inhibition (2.44 mg GALAE/g), with the highest value found in the n-hexane extract of the roots recorded at 2.74 mg GALAE/g. In terms of tyrosinase inhibition, the methanol extracts were more active than other extracts for both plants and their parts. Taken together, these results suggest that <em>H. oelandicum</em> subsp. <em>incanum</em> and <em>F. thymifolia</em> may be useful for potential applications in neuroprotection, skin, and diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 2","pages":"Article 100378"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Novel solution behaviors for some communication equation and plasma physics equation via generalized Riccati equation mapping method

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100376

Weerachai Thadee , Samila Kirisri , Athassawat Kammanee , Jirawan Thepjinda , Sirasrete Phoosree

The 27 analytic solutions for the nonlinear space–time fractional low-pass electrical transmission line model and the nonlinear space–time fractional Sharma-Tasso-Olver equation were obtained using the generalized Riccati equation mapping method and the Jumarie’s Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative. The kink and periodic wave behavior solutions were the many different behavior solutions that were available for these nonlinear evolution equations. We displayed the behavior graphs in three-dimensions, two-dimensions and contour. This study’s findings demonstrate that, in comparison to several other approaches, the generalized Riccati equation mapping technique provides a wider range of solutions to these equations, which shows the behavior of the solution as a wave in a variety of formats.

引用次数: 0

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