Land Use Policy最新文献

Outcomes of an agri-environmental scheme in the management of common pastures in northern Portugal: Social benefits and effects on local capacity for collective action 葡萄牙北部普通牧场管理中农业环境计划的成果：社会效益和对当地集体行动能力的影响

IF 6 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Land Use Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107377

Baldios are wide areas, integrated in extensive farming systems, historically held and managed by local communities for animal grazing and other extractive activities in support of their livelihoods. This land tenure regime persisted despite successive political and socioeconomic changes that threatened its communitarian nature, profoundly influencing the socioeconomic structure of rural areas. Today, use and possession of the baldios by the local communities is safeguarded by formal legal rights. In 2007 an agri-environmental scheme (AES) designed for managing the pastures in the baldios was proposed to the commoners of two protected areas. While one was successfully implemented and is still active, the other was discontinued. This study focuses on the Peneda-Gerês National Park experience, where the AES was widely adopted, aiming to understand the effects of its implementation on local dynamics for management of baldios, looking at its social and cultural benefits, particularly regarding local capacity for collective action. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in all the baldios in the park, and a period of stay in one of the villages allowed an opportunity for deeper analysis. Other stakeholders were also interviewed (e.g., state institutions). We argue that the benefits of this scheme went beyond the direct monetary payouts, playing an important role in the revitalization of local institutions. Moreover, we conclude that in depopulated and aging rural areas, top-down site-specific agri-environmental schemes that rely on existing social and institutional structures to operate are critical to recover and/or recreate institutions and practices for local collective landscape management.

Baldios 是一片广阔的土地，被纳入广泛的耕作体系，历史上由当地社区持有和管理，用于放牧和其他采掘活动，以维持生计。尽管接连发生的政治和社会经济变革威胁到了这种土地保有制度的社区性质，但这种土地保有制度依然存在，并对农村地区的社会经济结构产生了深远影响。如今，当地社区对巴蒂奥斯的使用和占有受到正式法律权利的保护。2007 年，向两个保护区的平民提出了一项旨在管理秃头山牧场的农业环境计划（AES）。其中一个计划已成功实施并仍在进行中，而另一个计划则已终止。本研究侧重于佩内达-格雷斯国家公园的经验，该公园广泛采用了 AES 计划，旨在了解该计划的实施对当地秃头山牧场管理动态的影响，研究其社会和文化效益，特别是对当地集体行动能力的影响。在公园内的所有秃山上进行了半结构式访谈，并在其中一个村庄逗留了一段时间，以便进行更深入的分析。我们还采访了其他利益相关者（如国家机构）。我们认为，该计划的益处超出了直接的货币支付，在振兴当地机构方面发挥了重要作用。此外，我们还得出结论，在人口减少和老龄化的农村地区，依靠现有社会和制度结构运作的自上而下的特定地点农业环境计划对于恢复和/或重建当地集体景观管理的制度和实践至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

(Non-)terrestrial and (Non-)local pathways of behavioral policy diffusion in European cities’ climate action plans: Contextual, cultural, and leadership framing (欧洲城市气候行动计划中行为政策传播的（非）陆地和（非）地方途径：背景、文化和领导力框架

IF 6 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Land Use Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107373

This study investigates the spread of innovative behavioral (green nudging) policies within city-level Climate Action Plans (CAPs) across the European Union, focusing on how these innovations diffuse and the factors influencing their adoption. Using textual analysis with a dataset consisting of CAPs from 40 cities across Europe, we categorized various green nudging innovations and then tracked their origins and uptake. Then, we employed fsQCA (Fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis) to identify the key factors driving diffusion. The findings reveal that while certain innovations, particularly in the building and transportation sectors, have achieved widespread adoption, other initiatives like community co-creation and urban parks have seen lower diffusion. Local terrestrial factors, especially sectoral carbon emissions, are significant drivers, with cities facing higher emissions more likely to adopt these policies. Interestingly, local emissions levels and strong climate leadership emerge as more critical determinants than economic status or climate similarities. The study identifies two primary diffusion pathways—Cultural Leadership for Emission Reduction and Local Adaptive Synergy—demonstrating the diverse strategies cities employ based on their unique contexts. This research highlights the importance of expanding green nudging measures in CAPs beyond technological and infrastructure domains to promote low-carbon behaviors comprehensively.

本研究调查了创新行为（绿色引导）政策在欧盟城市一级气候行动计划（CAPs）中的传播情况，重点关注这些创新如何传播以及影响其采用的因素。通过对欧洲 40 个城市的 CAP 数据集进行文本分析，我们对各种绿色引导创新进行了分类，然后追踪了它们的起源和采用情况。然后，我们采用模糊集定性比较分析（fsQCA）来确定推动传播的关键因素。研究结果表明，虽然某些创新，尤其是建筑和交通领域的创新，已经得到了广泛采用，但社区共建和城市公园等其他举措的推广程度较低。当地的陆地因素，尤其是部门碳排放量，是重要的推动因素，排放量较高的城市更有可能采用这些政策。有趣的是，与经济状况或气候相似性相比，当地排放水平和强有力的气候领导力成为更关键的决定因素。研究确定了两种主要的推广途径--减排文化领导力和地方适应性协同作用--表明了城市根据其独特的环境所采用的不同策略。这项研究强调了将联合行动方案中的绿色引导措施扩展到技术和基础设施领域之外，以全面促进低碳行为的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Deriving a justified budget for peatland rewetting – Applying the German coal phase-out as a blueprint 得出泥炭地复湿的合理预算--以德国逐步淘汰煤炭为蓝本

IF 6 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Land Use Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107363

Carbon emissions of peatlands drained for agriculture and forestry contribute more than 7 % to total GHG emissions in various countries worldwide. Hence, reducing these emissions by ending peatland drainage is a significant contribution to a transition towards carbon neutrality and being in line with the Paris Agreement. To achieve this goal, swift action is needed. Using Germany as a case study, we scrutinize whether the German coal phase-out can serve as a ‘blueprint’ to end drainage on agriculturally used peatlands, using six categories (political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal). We also calculate a politically justified budget for a peatland drainage phase-out comparable to the coal phase-out in terms of the socially acceptable mitigation of CO₂ emissions. Our results suggest that the current pace of rewetting is too slow in comparison to a rewetting path following the Paris Agreement and would create an area gap of about 560,000 ha and a resulting CO₂ emission gap of 84.6–148 Mt CO₂ by 2029. We show that both, peatland drainage phase-out and coal phase-out, are socio-technical transitions which require governmental intervention and a guided-level perspective. For a governed peatland drainage phase-out in Germany which is 1.5°C compatible, we determine a politically justified total budget between 13.8 and 16 billion €.

在世界各国，因农业和林业而排水的泥炭地的碳排放量占温室气体排放总量的 7% 以上。因此，通过停止泥炭地排水来减少这些排放，是对实现碳中和过渡和符合《巴黎协定》的重要贡献。要实现这一目标，必须迅速采取行动。以德国为例，我们从六个方面（政治、经济、社会、技术、环境和法律）仔细研究了德国的煤炭淘汰是否可以作为结束农用泥炭地排水的 "蓝图"。我们还计算了在政治上合理的泥炭地排水淘汰预算，就社会可接受的二氧化碳排放减缓而言，该预算可与煤炭淘汰预算相媲美。我们的结果表明，与遵循《巴黎协定》的复湿路径相比，目前的复湿速度过于缓慢，到 2029 年将造成约 56 万公顷的面积缺口，以及由此产生的 8460-148 兆吨二氧化碳的排放缺口。我们表明，泥炭地排水淘汰和煤炭淘汰都是社会技术转型，需要政府干预和引导层面的观点。为了在德国实现符合 1.5°C 温度要求的泥炭地排水淘汰，我们确定了 138 亿至 160 亿欧元的政治合理总预算。

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引用次数: 0

Persistence of sub-urban agriculture and landowners' behavior in the population declining phase: Case of the preferential tax treatment for rental farmland 人口减少阶段城郊农业的持续存在与土地所有者的行为：出租农田的优惠税收待遇案例

IF 6 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Land Use Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107370

With the majority of the world’s population residing in urban areas, particularly in vast suburbs, land use control around the suburbs of large cities is a concern for not only protecting agricultural productivity but also maintaining a decent residential environment. A practical policy measure to address this concern is providing preferential tax treatments to landowners who lease out their farmland, and the Production Green Land (PGL) Act is a typical example, which was extensively revised by the Japanese government in 2018 to conserve farmlands and allow active farmers to use it effectively amid the overall population decrease. Previous studies have extensively focused on identifying factors to encourage persistent agriculture in the urban growing phase. However, the appropriate combinations of specialization, diversification, attributes, and location of farm businesses in the shrinking suburbs, where leasing farmland has become a practical option for farmers. Moreover, multifunctional value is important for ensuring that agriculture continues as a family business. Studies on the attributes of suburban landowners who keep farmland and provide multifunctional value to the community are also limited. Based on the above understanding of the literature, this study explores the specific farm attributes and locations related to the persistence of suburban agriculture. To this end, this study conducts a two-wave survey of suburban farmers, including smallholders in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area. The following key findings are observed. First, the continuity of agriculture in the suburbs is significantly related to farmers’ diversification activities in terms of sales channels and provision of services, with specialization within a business type in terms of agricultural operation also being an advantageous factor. Meanwhile, regarding the location, the probability of continuing agriculture is lowest in moderately populated suburbs. Second, landowners engaged in multifunctional agriculture that is linked with the community tend to hold farmland rather than convert it even when they stop or downscale their agricultural activities. Third, regarding the policy implication, the number of exiting and downsizing farmers was larger compared with expanding farmers, in addition to an unbalanced geographical distribution. Based on the findings, the study recommends that multifunctional agriculture through forming relationships with the community should be encouraged, new entrants to agriculture must be promoted, and active farmers who expand farm size need to be supported.

由于世界上大多数人口居住在城市地区，尤其是广大郊区，因此对大城市郊区周围的土地使用进行控制不仅是保护农业生产力的问题，也是维持体面居住环境的问题。为解决这一问题，一项切实可行的政策措施是为出租农田的土地所有者提供优惠的税收待遇，《生产绿地法》（PGL）就是一个典型的例子，日本政府于 2018 年对该法进行了广泛修订，以保护农田，让活跃的农民在整体人口减少的情况下有效利用农田。以往的研究广泛关注于确定在城市发展阶段鼓励持久农业的因素。然而，在不断缩小的郊区，租赁农田已成为农民的实际选择，如何将农业经营的专业化、多样化、属性和选址进行适当组合。此外，多功能价值对于确保农业作为家族企业继续存在也很重要。关于保留农田并为社区提供多功能价值的郊区土地所有者属性的研究也很有限。基于对上述文献的理解，本研究探讨了与郊区农业持续存在相关的具体农场属性和地点。为此，本研究对东京都地区的郊区农户（包括小农户）进行了两波调查。主要发现如下。首先，郊区农业的持续性与农民在销售渠道和提供服务方面的多样化活动有显著关系，在农业经营方面，业务类型的专业化也是一个有利因素。同时，在地理位置方面，人口密度适中的郊区继续从事农业的概率最低。其次，从事与社区相关的多功能农业的土地所有者即使停止或缩小农业活动规模，也倾向于持有农田而不是将其转化。第三，在政策影响方面，与扩大规模的农民相比，退出和缩小规模的农民人数更多，此外，地理分布也不平衡。根据研究结果，本研究建议应鼓励通过与社区建立关系来发展多功能农业，促进新农民加入农业，并支持积极扩大农场规模的农民。

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引用次数: 0

Ecological unequal exchange: Evidence from imbalanced cropland soil erosion and agricultural value-added embodied in global agricultural trade 生态不平等交换：全球农业贸易中体现的不平衡耕地土壤侵蚀和农业附加值的证据

IF 6 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Land Use Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107378

The cropland soil erosion (CSE), a major driver of land degradation and water pollution, is directly caused by agricultural production processes driven by food demand in a globalized food market. However, it is essential to determine what role global trade and agricultural value chains play in regional CSE, especially when imbalanced erosion is embodied in global agricultural trade. In this study, the Revised Universal Soil and Water Loss Equation and the Environment Expanded Multi Region Input-Output Model were used to quantify the global distribution of CSE and the value added in global agricultural value chains to identify trade imbalances. We introduce the Local Environmental Coefficient, the Regional Environmental Coefficient, and the Agricultural Trade Environment Inequality (AEI) index, which were used to analyze the overall and bilateral inequalities in agricultural trade among the world’s regions. The results showed that 34.65 % of the global CSE was embodied in international trade, whereas the ratio of the value added was 30.80 %. The global trade in agricultural products is generally unbalanced, as indicated by the AEI index of developed regions such as Norway and Japan, which is more than 30 times higher than that of regions such as China and Brazil, and more than 20 times higher than the global average. In terms of bilateral trade, China, the United States, and Brazil face more prominent imbalances in their international trade. Major agricultural producers generally bear more environmental costs with less value-added benefits in trade. This study quantifies, for the first time, the implied imbalances of CSE transfer in agricultural trade. Global ecological governance thus requires accountability from all regions, especially in an era of increasing globalization of agricultural trade. Timely adoption of ecological compensation and technology transfer for both large agricultural producers and less-developed regions are key to achieving sustainable global agricultural production.

耕地土壤侵蚀（CSE）是土地退化和水污染的主要驱动因素，是由全球化粮食市场中粮食需求驱动的农业生产过程直接造成的。然而，必须确定全球贸易和农业价值链在区域 CSE 中的作用，尤其是当不平衡的侵蚀体现在全球农业贸易中时。在本研究中，我们使用了修订的通用水土流失方程和环境扩展多地区投入产出模型来量化 CSE 的全球分布和全球农业价值链的附加值，以确定贸易失衡。我们引入了地方环境系数、区域环境系数和农业贸易环境不平等（AEI）指数，用于分析全球各地区农业贸易的整体和双边不平等。结果显示，全球 CSE 的 34.65% 体现在国际贸易中，而附加值的比例为 30.80%。挪威和日本等发达地区的 AEI 指数是中国和巴西等地区的 30 多倍，是全球平均水平的 20 多倍，这表明全球农产品贸易总体上是不平衡的。从双边贸易来看，中国、美国和巴西的国际贸易失衡问题更为突出。主要农业生产者通常在贸易中承担更多的环境成本，而获得更少的增值收益。本研究首次量化了农产品贸易中隐含的 CSE 转移失衡。因此，全球生态治理需要所有地区承担责任，尤其是在农业贸易日益全球化的时代。为大型农业生产者和欠发达地区及时提供生态补偿和技术转让，是实现全球农业可持续生产的关键。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of farmland scale on agricultural green production technology adoption: Evidence from rice farmers in Jiangsu Province, China 耕地规模对农业绿色生产技术采用的影响：来自中国江苏省水稻种植户的证据

IF 6 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Land Use Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107381

Agricultural green production technology (AGPT) is crucial for mitigating farmland pollution and degradation, as well as promoting green agricultural development. Using data from 774 rice farmers in the 2021 China Land Economy Survey (CLES), the study analyzes the impact mechanisms and mediating pathways of farmland scale on AGPT adoption at both the farmer and plot levels. The study also reveals the differences in impact based on the heterogeneity of plot concentrations and technological attributes. The results show that: (1) Farmland scale positively impacts AGPT adoption, both at the farmer and plot level. (2) Farmland scale positively impacts AGPT adoption at two levels by affecting commercialization rate, time preference, and machinery investment. (3) The positive impact of farmland scale are heterogenous at two levels. When rice is scatteringly planted, plot scale has a more significant impact on AGPT adoption than operation scale; however, when rice is concentratedly planted, the situation is the opposite. Additionally, when faced with "capital-increasing, labor-saving, and risks-increasing" technology, operation scale has a more significant impact on AGPT adoption than plot scale; however, when faced with "capital-stabilizing, labor-increasing, and risks-controlling" technologies, the situation is the opposite. These findings help to provide policy implications for promoting AGPT adoption and sustainable farmland use.

农业绿色生产技术（AGPT）对于缓解农田污染和退化、促进农业绿色发展至关重要。本研究利用 2021 年中国土地经济调查（CLES）中 774 个水稻种植农户的数据，从农户和地块两个层面分析了耕地规模对农业绿色生产技术采用的影响机制和中介途径。研究还揭示了基于地块集中度和技术属性异质性的影响差异。研究结果表明(1) 在农户和地块层面，农田规模对 AGPT 的采用都有正向影响。(2) 耕地规模通过影响商品化率、时间偏好和机械投资，在两个层面上对 AGPT 的采用产生积极影响。(3) 耕地规模的积极影响在两个层面上具有异质性。当水稻分散种植时，地块规模对 AGPT 采用的影响比经营规模更显著；但当水稻集中种植时，情况恰恰相反。此外，在面对 "增加资本、节省劳力、增加风险 "的技术时，经营规模对 AGPT 采用率的影响比地块规模更显著；但在面对 "稳定资本、增加劳力、控制风险 "的技术时，情况则相反。这些发现有助于为促进 AGPT 的采用和农田的可持续利用提供政策启示。

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引用次数: 0

Harmonization potential of the fragmented farmlands in Finland: The pros and cons for critical parcel characteristics 芬兰分散农田的统一潜力：关键地块特征的利弊

IF 6 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Land Use Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107380

Agricultural landscapes have been shaped by gradual, partially optimized changes in farms and surrounding areas which have resulted in fragmented agricultural landownership and increased distances on farms. Since Finland joined the EU in 1995, the average farm size has more than doubled which has increased the distances on farms. This may have caused trade-offs with resource use efficiency, productivity, and sustainability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential and impacts of land reallocation by integrating regional variability, logistical factors, and emerging satellite imagery, with an emphasis on enhancing resilience in future climates. This study estimated the theoretical potential for land reallocation between farms to reduce farmland fragmentation but also applied fixed land exchange rates (5 % to 40 %) with the primary aim to reduce distances within each farm depending on the farm size and region. The aim was also to identify co-benefits and trade-offs on the number of parcels in a farm, the production capacity of exchanged parcels, diversification potential, and the proximity of parcels to waterways. While keeping the farm size constant, large potential was found to optimize fragmented landscapes and reduce distances within farms especially on large farms. However, only a moderate exchange rate of 5 % almost halved the distances in the best cases of the farms, while exchange rates >20 % provided less additional logistic benefits. Thereby, modest, well targeted measures are not only more acceptable to landowners but may provide the most benefits with fewer trade-offs. In unsatisfactory cases, large parcels were replaced by higher numbers of smaller ones, productivity differences occurred, and closer parcels became more uniform, which may reduce diversification options, which are important for resilience and sustainability. Hence, merging and reshaping nearby parcels after reallocation might be needed to complete rationalization. Estimated changes in the proximity of the parcels to waterways tended to improve the farmers’ readiness to implement irrigation as an adaptation measure to climate change. The variable outcome of parcel reallocation emphasizes the central role of the current customer-driven consolidation system chaired by independent land surveyors to boost the land reallocation also in the future to improve logistics, resource efficiency, and sustainability on farms that today struggle with cost-crises.

农业景观是由农场和周边地区部分优化的渐进变化形成的，这种变化导致了农业土地所有权的分散和农场间距离的增加。自 1995 年芬兰加入欧盟以来，农场的平均规模扩大了一倍多，这也增加了农场之间的距离。这可能会导致资源利用效率、生产率和可持续性之间的权衡。本研究的目的是通过整合区域变异性、物流因素和新出现的卫星图像，评估土地重新分配的潜力和影响，重点是提高在未来气候中的适应能力。本研究估算了农场间土地重新分配的理论潜力，以减少农田破碎化，但也采用了固定的土地交换率（5% 至 40%），主要目的是根据农场规模和区域缩小每个农场内部的距离。此外，还旨在确定农场内地块数量、交换地块的生产能力、多样化潜力以及地块与水道的距离等方面的共同利益和权衡。在农场规模保持不变的情况下，我们发现巨大的潜力可以优化破碎的地貌，减少农场内部的距离，尤其是在大型农场。不过，在最好的情况下，只有 5% 的适度汇率能将农场内的距离缩短近一半，而 20% 的汇率带来的额外物流效益则较小。因此，适度、有针对性的措施不仅更容易被土地所有者接受，还能以较少的权衡带来最大的收益。在不理想的情况下，大块地块被更多的小块地块取代，出现了生产率差异，距离较近的地块变得更加一致，这可能会减少多样化选择，而多样化选择对于复原力和可持续性非常重要。因此，可能需要在重新分配后合并和重塑附近的地块，以完成合理化。估计地块与水道距离的变化往往会提高农民实施灌溉作为适应气候变化措施的意愿。地块重新分配的可变结果强调了当前由独立土地测量员主持的客户驱动整合系统的核心作用，该系统未来还将促进土地重新分配，以改善物流、资源效率和目前在成本上涨中挣扎的农场的可持续性。

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引用次数: 0

Towards a comprehensive analysis of agricultural land systems in the EU and US: A critical view on publicly available datasets 实现对欧盟和美国农业土地系统的全面分析：对可公开获得的数据集的批判性看法

IF 6 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Land Use Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107371

Understanding agricultural land systems is paramount to preparing for future transitions under climate change. Systematic quantitative, multi-context analyses of agricultural land systems are a promising way of increasing our understanding but rely on the availability of large-scale and commensurable data. The available data, however, are outcomes of political priorities and processes and thus not neutral windows into agricultural realities. We map, describe, and compare publicly available and publicly curated data describing agricultural land systems—those devoted to the production of food, fuel, and fiber—in the United States (US) and European Union (EU) to identify underlying data collection norms and political priorities. We discuss how these priorities shape what we can(not) see in each region and articulate future data needs to support an in-depth understanding of agricultural land systems dynamics. This comprehensive understanding of how and why agricultural land systems change is imperative to promoting sustainable, resilient, and just agriculture futures.

要为气候变化下的未来转型做好准备，了解农田系统至关重要。对农田系统进行系统的定量、多背景分析是加深理解的一个可行方法，但这有赖于大规模和可比较数据的可用性。然而，现有数据是政治优先事项和进程的结果，因此不是了解农业现实的中立窗口。我们绘制、描述并比较了美国（US）和欧盟（EU）农业用地系统--用于生产粮食、燃料和纤维的农业用地系统--的公开可用和公开策划的数据，以确定基本的数据收集规范和政治优先事项。我们将讨论这些优先事项如何影响我们在每个地区所能（不能）看到的内容，并阐明未来的数据需求，以支持对农业土地系统动态的深入了解。全面了解农田系统如何以及为何发生变化，对于促进可持续、有韧性和公正的农业未来发展至关重要。

引用次数: 0

Landscape sustainability and land sustainability: A bibliometric analysis 景观可持续性和土地可持续性：文献计量分析

IF 6 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Land Use Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107374

Landscape sustainability and land sustainability are interrelated and complementary research fields, rooted respectively in ecological and geographic sciences, but both embracing sustainability as their ultimate goal. However, it is not clear how these two fields have developed in recent decades, and whether they have interacted synergistically to advance the science and practice of sustainability. Thus, here we have conducted a bibliometric comparison of these two fields using multiple quantitative methods, including trend analysis, theme mining, citation network analysis, and collaboration network analysis, further augmented by qualitative synthesis. We have found: (1) both research fields have entered a period of rapid development around 2010, following their incubation and emerging phases; (2) landscape sustainability research has focused primarily on the biodiversity-ecosystem function-ecosystem services-human wellbeing nexus in changing landscapes, whereas land sustainability research has concentrated primarily on the causes, dynamics, and impacts of land use and land cover change, as well as sustainable land use and management; (3) Cross-referencing between the two fields is rare, reflecting weak interactions between the two scientific communities. Thus, although some interdisciplinary teams and individual researchers have begun to work together across the two fields, landscape sustainability and land sustainability, as two research fields, remain largely independent of each other. To enhance their synergistic interactions, we recommend that scientists and practitioners from both fields promote joint professional organizations and conferences, and foster broad-scale collaborative projects together to improve the sustainability of landscapes and regions in theory and practice.

景观可持续性和土地可持续性是相互关联、相辅相成的研究领域，它们分别植根于生态科学和地理科学，但都以可持续性为最终目标。然而，近几十年来这两个领域是如何发展的，它们是否在推动可持续发展的科学与实践方面发挥了协同作用，这些都不清楚。因此，我们在此采用多种定量方法对这两个领域进行了文献计量学比较，包括趋势分析、主题挖掘、引文网络分析和协作网络分析，并进一步辅以定性综合分析。我们发现：(1) 这两个研究领域在经历了萌芽和新兴阶段之后，于 2010 年前后进入了快速发展期；(2) 景观可持续性研究主要关注不断变化的景观中生物多样性-生态系统功能-生态系统服务-人类福祉之间的关系，而土地可持续性研究主要关注土地利用和土地覆被变化的原因、动态和影响，以及可持续土地利用和管理；(3) 这两个领域之间的交叉引用很少，反映出两个科学界之间的互动较弱。因此，尽管一些跨学科团队和研究人员已经开始在这两个领域开展合作，但景观可持续性和土地可持续性作为两个研究领域，在很大程度上仍然是相互独立的。为了加强这两个领域的协同互动，我们建议这两个领域的科学家和从业人员推动联合专业组织和会议的发展，共同促进广泛的合作项目，在理论和实践上提高景观和区域的可持续性。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of smart city construction on achieving peak carbon neutrality: Evidence from 31 provinces in China 智慧城市建设对实现峰值碳中和的影响：来自中国31个省份的证据

IF 6 1区社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Land Use Policy

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107372

Amidst the intensification of global warming concerns, addressing climate change has become an urgent imperative, with carbon dioxide emissions standing as the primary driver of the greenhouse effect. This study delves into the relationship between smart city development and carbon emissions in China, leveraging panel data spanning 2012–2021 across 31 provincial units for empirical analysis. The study posits a negative correlation between smart city construction and carbon emissions. To comprehensively gauge the level of smart city development, a weighted evaluation index was constructed using the panel entropy weighting-topsis method. Employing fixed effects, random effects, high-dimensional fixed effects, and two-step system GMM models, the study aims to comprehensively assess the impact of smart city construction levels on carbon emissions. Results reveal that heightened smart city construction levels coincide with reduced carbon emissions, thus substantiating the research hypothesis.

随着全球变暖问题的加剧，应对气候变化已成为当务之急，而二氧化碳排放是温室效应的主要驱动力。本研究深入探讨了中国智慧城市发展与碳排放之间的关系，利用 2012-2021 年 31 个省级单位的面板数据进行了实证分析。研究认为，智慧城市建设与碳排放之间存在负相关关系。为全面衡量智慧城市的发展水平，研究采用面板熵权法（panel entropy weighting-topsis）构建了加权评价指数。研究采用固定效应、随机效应、高维固定效应和两步系统 GMM 模型，旨在全面评估智慧城市建设水平对碳排放的影响。结果表明，智慧城市建设水平的提高与碳排放量的减少相吻合，从而证实了研究假设。

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