Land Use Policy最新文献

The heightened food insecurity in urban settings has rekindled the debate over the promotion of urban agriculture (UA) as a sustainable alternative food supply source across the globe. This study, therefore, examines the determinants of urban residents’ decisions to engage in UA and their choice of agriculture practices. Cross-sectional data was solicited from 430 urban dwellers through a multi-stage sampling technique. The data was analysed using descriptive as well as binary and multinomial logit regression models. The descriptive analysis shows that the cultivation of crops (34.7 %) predominates urban agricultural practices before crop-livestock integration (32.6 %) and livestock farming (32.6 %). The study identifies gender, age, religious affiliation, years of formal education, location of residence, household size, food insecurity status, availability of vacant land, extension access, and household income as significant determinants of urban households’ decision to participate in UA. The multinomial logit regression analysis revealed that urban farmers’ decision to practice only crop production is invariant between livestock-only production and integrated crop-livestock systems. When compared to the base category of the integrated crop-livestock system, the findings indicate that farmers’ educational background, food insecurity, engagement in salaried jobs, location, extension, and credit access are the main drivers of the decision to practice either crop-only or sole livestock production systems. The findings of this study have useful implications for the formulation of UA programs based on the different farming systems practiced in the study location.

Non-grain production (NGP) represents a complex social phenomenon driven by a range of interests that involve agricultural development, livelihood security, and ecological preservation. It significantly alters the structure of agricultural production and vegetation cover, influencing regional grain supply and the multifunctional composition of agriculture. To achieve sustainable development goals related to grain supply and ecological stability, this study proposes a research framework for multifunctional evaluation and multiscenario regulation of non-grain farmlands (NGFs). First, NGFs in the Wuhan metropolitan area (WHM) were extracted based on land survey data to carry out multifunctional evaluation of NGFs, including production function, ecological functions and recreational function. Second, the SOM+K-means algorithm is used to identify and explore the multifunctional bundle characteristics of NGFs to determine the regulation priority order of NGFs. Finally, a multiscenario simulation of the rigid control scale and layout arrangement of NGFs from the grain security perspective is carried out. The research results show that (1) there are 1294.34 thousand ha of NGFs in the WHM, mainly of grain and non-grain rotation type (52.36 %). The production function is higher in the central and western Jianghan Plain areas than in the northeastern and southern hilly mountainous areas; the ecological functions are the opposite; the high-value areas of recreational function are mainly located around the built-up areas of the city. (2) Multifunctional bundles divide NGFs into seven categories and determine the order of regulation based on the principle of "production priority, functional diversity". (3) By setting different grain security scenarios, it is predicted that the rigid control scale of NGFs in the WHM in 2030 is 256.08–797.55 thousand ha. Divide and restore grain production in order of the priority zone for grain production, the reserve zone for grain production, the resilience zone for grain production, the ecological improvement zone and the agricultural improvement zone, so as to achieve a regulatory layout of strict control and adaptable regulation of NGFs. The research supports the regulation of NGFs in balancing grain security and ecological stability to promote sustainable agricultural production.

Although there has been a large amount of study into the future of post-industrial site, there have been few efforts to synthesize and connect this research. This paper presents a systematic review of the international literature on the redevelopment trajectories of post-industrial land. Its aim is to consolidate existing knowledge, identify gaps and provide a solid basis for future research. We will answer the following questions: (i) what are the trends in research into the redevelopment of post-industrial sites? (ii) what factors influence their redevelopment trajectories? and (iii) how do these factors interact? To understand this, we conducted a systematic literature review, based on 71 carefully selected articles published between 2002 and 2021. Using a methodology combining statistics and content analysis, we noted an increase in research on this subject in the mid-2010s. We also observed that monocase studies were the most common, and that the most studied fields were on the Asian continent. Furthermore, we identified three main approaches: the industrial heritage approach; the brownfield approach; and the governance approach. We conclude by identifying gaps in current research trends and new research perspectives.

Biodiversity and natural ecosystems underpin human life and wellbeing, yet they are systematically degraded by anthropic activity, with land use change being the direct driver most impacting terrestrial ecosystems. Since scholars argue that solving the biodiversity crisis hinges on the problem conceptions that steer governance, and since land use is governed predominantly at the national level, we seek to identify the problem conceptions expressed through the governance of the land use – environment nexus in a country where ecosystem degradation persists despite tenure security: Mauritius. Through interviews with key informants, corroborated by documentation review, we investigate the current governance systems across legislative, policy, and institutional frameworks to elicit the main governance issues that may reveal underlying problem conceptions. Our results point to weak commons and compromise approaches, which systematically enable land use changes for financial maximization at the expense of natural ecosystems. Economic optimization and ecosystem prioritization approaches were not observed despite recognition of nature’s role in the wellbeing of citizens. In this context, which may be similar in many developing countries, the introduction of biophysical and monetary natural capital accounting is recommended to provide commensurate data on the benefits derived from ecosystems and those derived from economic activities, in order to better inform compromise and prioritization.

To reach EU’s carbon neutrality target by 2050, emission reductions in the land-use sector are needed. Agricultural peatlands attribute for half of the greenhouse gas emissions of cropland in both in EU and Finland. High greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural peatlands are primarily caused by CO₂ emissions following aerobic peat decomposition due to deep drainage, and studies have shown that raising water-table has potential to slow down the decomposition process. Here we studied the emission reduction potential and cost of implementing controlled drainage, paludiculture, peatland restoration and afforestation to current land use on agricultural peatlands in Finland. We created three scenarios with increasing amount of wet field use on cultivated organic soils and estimated their effects on national greenhouse gas emissions and farmers’ income. The yearly emission reduction ranged from 0.3 to 5.0 Mt CO₂ equivalents in the different scenarios compared to the current state in Finland. Emission reductive land use had a negative impact on the farmers income, which should be compensated. Assuming the government compensates the lost income for the farmers, the cost of emission reduction ranged from −4 to 45 € per ton of CO₂ equivalents. Rewetting provided the most emission reduction per area and was the most cost effective. We conclude that substantial emission reduction is attainable by rewetting agricultural peatlands. The cost of emission reduction is inexpensive compared to average carbon price in European Union emission trading system, or to the costs of technical carbon capture and storage in Finland.

Land reforms in sub-Saharan Africa are transiting customary land tenure into a neo-customary land tenure regime. Accordingly, the Government of Ghana, together with its development partners, initiated the establishment of customary land secretariats (CLSs) to enhance the governance of customary land administration at the local level. Though this initiative is implemented with advances, events on the ground suggest a growing trend of inactive or dysfunctional CLSs. Synergizing an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model and descriptive statistics, we used monthly secondary data from the Berekum CLS to investigate the determinants of sustainable CLSs in Ghana. The analysis revealed that the most critical factors enhancing the sustainable performances of CLSs in the long and short term are the cost of documentation, the timely preparation and delivery of documents, and gender-related matters. Moreover, there was strong evidence of a long-run relationship between the studied variables. Despite the strives for equal land access, women are still less privileged in the acquisition of land. The study portends that should authorities aimed at bringing CLSs closer to the corridors of sustainability, the mandate of the Office of the Administrator of Stool Lands (OASL) and the Lands Commission (LC) should not just be the establishment of the CLSs but also ensuring their sustainability. A prioritization of the study’s findings by the OASL and the LC can enhance the patronage of CLSs in their established communities.

The orderly synergy is crucial to the integrated development of urban and rural areas in China. The orderly synergistic development process can be regarded as a game of balancing the interests of rural and urban areas. Therefore, numerical simulations with scenario analysis using the evolutionary game approach are conducted to investigate the orderly synergistic development of urban-rural integration. The results show that: (1) The values of orderly synergistic benefits of urban-rural integration are negatively correlated with the Nash equilibrium values at the municipal and provincial levels. (2) The orderly synergistic benefits of policy and market environments have different strategic choices and behavioral constraints for both urban and rural areas. (3) The benefits of “market-oriented” urban-rural choices are greater than those of “policy-oriented” directions. At the municipal level, the main factors influencing the choice of a “market-oriented” direction are the increased benefits of water resources, land resources, rural population mobility, and urban innovation factors. while at the provincial level, all factors lead to urban-rural trends in a “policy-oriented” direction.

For a complete, harmonized and modernized land administration processes, seamless data exchange among departments within an organization, and among organizations is a fundamental requirement. Interoperability is therefore crucial and should be based on a well-developed Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) country profile for the implementation of a Land Administration System (LAS). This paper, through a research synthesis type of literature review methodology, looks into the existing documentation on interoperability in Land Administration (LA). Employing research synthesis method, analysis of the identified and existing resources is done. Since interoperability plays a role at multiple levels, it is paramount to apply a solid framework such as the Framework for Enterprise Interoperability (FEI) developed by International Standards Organization (ISO). This allows for the investigation of the critical aspects of data exchange: (i) business, processes, services and data, (ii) interoperability barriers: conceptual, technological and organizational, and (iii) interoperability approaches: federated, unified and integrated. The paper looks into the interoperability concerns and barriers and the approaches to addressing them for Land Administration against the elements of FEI. This provides an effective guideline for implementation of a LADM-based land administration system for any country.

What factors contribute to the success of community-driven upgrading of informal settlements? The Rwandan government has adopted informal settlement upgrading and governance policies that allow citizens to participate in decision-making on issues that affect them in the Umudugudu—the smallest unit of governance. This study investigates how the government’s policy has enabled community-driven informal settlement upgrading as an everyday practice, with a particular emphasis on developing and maintaining public infrastructure facilities in Kigali, the capital city of Rwanda. We conducted fieldwork, including interviews and observations, in Umudugudu of Kamwiza and Umudugudu of Mucyuranyana, located in the western part of Kigali City, from September to October 2019. We identified and mapped road pavements, drainage ditches, bridges, and communal water taps as public infrastructure facilities. We conducted semi-structured interviews with residents and committee members in charge of the resources and investigated the decision-making processes employed for their development and maintenance. We found that informal settlement upgrading and governance policies worked together to support the community-driven upgrading of public infrastructure facilities in Imidugudu.¹ This approach enabled the community to mobilize government and community resources to develop and maintain public infrastructure facilities. Government funds supplemented the development of community-driven facilities, serving as an incentive to encourage further community contributions. Importantly, both landowning and renting households shared the burden of development costs. We argue that community-driven upgrading is possible when communities, markets, and governments function together. Notably, upgrading efforts become sustainable everyday practices when informal settlements are integrated into public policy in terms of governance structures, urban and housing policy, and land ownership. This integration fosters communities characterized by residents' sense of ownership and internal investment in the area, along with stable budget allocations.

Within development literature, recent decades have seen an unequivocal turn towards a call for a decentralised and more contextual and vernacular understanding of social, political and economic development. This paper brings together the development literature on the “participatory turn” with Henri Lefebvre’s work on social spaces and autogestion, to move beyond the “what” and “how” of participation, to add the question of “where” in exploring efforts to overcome social segregation and build sustainable integrated communities. It discusses two very distinct regional cases—Kerala (India) and Northern Ireland—as examples to argue that our analysis of the potential for transformative politics in society needs to include a study of its “participatory spaces”, and that this requirement transcends simple binaries like North/South, institutional/non-institutional, and top-down/bottom-up.