Pub Date : 2022-12-10DOI: 10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268653
Zoltán Karmacsi, Alexandra Nagy, Anikó Csurman-Puskás
Twelve editions of the publication entitled The Rules of Hungarian Orthography have been published so far. In each new edition there was an attempt to update the rules according to era and language use. The principles of Hungarian orthography had already appeared in the first stage of academic unification, as the edition entitled The Principles and Rules of Hungarian Orthography, published in 1877, containing the four principles of spelling: following pronunciation (writing in accordance with pronounciation), word analysis, traditional spelling and simplification. In this study, the spelling principles that form the basis of Hungarian orthography is compared with the three most recent regulations The Rules of Hungarian Orthography. In this study, the trends of Hungarian spelling principles have been surveyed from the regulations published in the first edition in 1832 to the present day. It has been presented how long the principles of Hungarian orthography have determined the rules of Hungarian orthography. These principles were present from the very beginning and guided the Hungarian orthography and its development. The changes were not significant, they only tried to bring closer the regulations to the language use adjusted to the language use of the given era. The principles of Hungarian orthography did not change radically at the beginning of the 20th century, despite the fact that relevant efforts were taken in the rules of Hungarian orthography. In the last three editions the principles have remained in their original forms, only minor changes have been taken.
{"title":"Changes in the orthographic principles of the Hungarian language based on the last three spelling rules","authors":"Zoltán Karmacsi, Alexandra Nagy, Anikó Csurman-Puskás","doi":"10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268653","url":null,"abstract":"Twelve editions of the publication entitled The Rules of Hungarian Orthography have been published so far. In each new edition there was an attempt to update the rules according to era and language use. \u0000The principles of Hungarian orthography had already appeared in the first stage of academic unification, as the edition entitled The Principles and Rules of Hungarian Orthography, published in 1877, containing the four principles of spelling: following pronunciation (writing in accordance with pronounciation), word analysis, traditional spelling and simplification. In this study, the spelling principles that form the basis of Hungarian orthography is compared with the three most recent regulations The Rules of Hungarian Orthography. \u0000In this study, the trends of Hungarian spelling principles have been surveyed from the regulations published in the first edition in 1832 to the present day. It has been presented how long the principles of Hungarian orthography have determined the rules of Hungarian orthography. These principles were present from the very beginning and guided the Hungarian orthography and its development. The changes were not significant, they only tried to bring closer the regulations to the language use adjusted to the language use of the given era. The principles of Hungarian orthography did not change radically at the beginning of the 20th century, despite the fact that relevant efforts were taken in the rules of Hungarian orthography. In the last three editions the principles have remained in their original forms, only minor changes have been taken.","PeriodicalId":180896,"journal":{"name":"Philological Review","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121852541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-10DOI: 10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268643
H. Hrymashevych
The article analyzes the ways of predicate expressing in the Act Book of the Zhytomyr Hrodsky government in 1611. The main source for the study of the specified main part of a sentence was the above-mentioned manuscript of the official business style of the beginning of the 17th century. It is the style of the act book that determined the functioning of the predicate mostly in the past tense forms, given the record of court cases about already committed crimes. The method of sampling the analyzed material and the technique of linguistic statistics gave reasons to state that the most used simple verb predicate (950 word forms) in the manuscript is expressed by a verb in the form of the past perfect tense, mostly masculine, since both the scribes and the complainants were mostly masculine gender, although at the same time predicates in the forms of the feminine gender, the plural, and sporadically the present and future tenses are also occasionally recorded. In addition, the functioning of simple verb predicates with the preservation of ancient verb forms of the past tense perfect and rarely the plusquamperfect were noted. The compound verb predicate (66 usages) in the studied official business texts traditionally consists of an auxiliary verb in all tenses and most often the word must and an infinitive with the suffix -ty. The frequency of functioning is also demonstrated by the compound nominal predicate, used 47 times in the manuscript, with the predominance of the verb-adjective as the main component of this main member of the sentence, mostly in combination with the linking verb to be in various tense forms. The fact that the manuscript belongs to the official-business style determined the frequency of the use of predicates expressed by the verb form in -no, -to (149 usages). The analyzed system of expressing the predicate in the Act Book of the Zhytomyr Hrodsky government in 1611 confirms the general tendency of the functioning of this main part of a sentence in the specified period of the Old Ukrainian language in manuscripts of the official-business style and demonstrates its persistence to the modern period.
{"title":"Ways of Predicate Expressing in the Act Book of the Zhytomyr Hrodsky Government of 1611","authors":"H. Hrymashevych","doi":"10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268643","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the ways of predicate expressing in the Act Book of the Zhytomyr Hrodsky government in 1611. The main source for the study of the specified main part of a sentence was the above-mentioned manuscript of the official business style of the beginning of the 17th century. It is the style of the act book that determined the functioning of the predicate mostly in the past tense forms, given the record of court cases about already committed crimes. The method of sampling the analyzed material and the technique of linguistic statistics gave reasons to state that the most used simple verb predicate (950 word forms) in the manuscript is expressed by a verb in the form of the past perfect tense, mostly masculine, since both the scribes and the complainants were mostly masculine gender, although at the same time predicates in the forms of the feminine gender, the plural, and sporadically the present and future tenses are also occasionally recorded. In addition, the functioning of simple verb predicates with the preservation of ancient verb forms of the past tense perfect and rarely the plusquamperfect were noted. The compound verb predicate (66 usages) in the studied official business texts traditionally consists of an auxiliary verb in all tenses and most often the word must and an infinitive with the suffix -ty. The frequency of functioning is also demonstrated by the compound nominal predicate, used 47 times in the manuscript, with the predominance of the verb-adjective as the main component of this main member of the sentence, mostly in combination with the linking verb to be in various tense forms. The fact that the manuscript belongs to the official-business style determined the frequency of the use of predicates expressed by the verb form in -no, -to (149 usages). The analyzed system of expressing the predicate in the Act Book of the Zhytomyr Hrodsky government in 1611 confirms the general tendency of the functioning of this main part of a sentence in the specified period of the Old Ukrainian language in manuscripts of the official-business style and demonstrates its persistence to the modern period.","PeriodicalId":180896,"journal":{"name":"Philological Review","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115854528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-10DOI: 10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268658
M. Stepanenko
The crucial importance of the linguistics as a branch of science reveals to be the focus and presentation of diverse lingual changes at various lingual levels, first and foremost at lexical-semantic, derivational, and phraseological due to the fact they contain mini-fragments of all the events, happening in a certain country and the world in general. The given article embraces the complex analysis of different periphrastic units as substitutes of the precedent name Volodymyr Zelenskyi based on the interconnection of intra- and extralingual factors, which harmonise, securing the lingual progress and accurately reflecting the core positive and negative changes in the society, reactions of people over the certain challenges. The spectrum of mini-texts of publicistic and political discourse, limited by strict chronological framework of the 2021, forms the research base of the scientific disquisition. As a result, the all-embracing periphrastic field Volodymyr Zelenskyi has been modelled on the base of wide range of actual material, the identifying criteria of its constituents (e.g., political activity of Volodymyr Zelenskyi, presidential activity of Volodymyr Zelenskyi, civil position of Volodymyr Zelenskyi, the status of actual guarantor of the Constitution in the Ukrainian political sphere, forecasts of his future as a person and as a statesman, the style of conversation with other people, etc.) were logically examined. The semantic typology of heterogeneous in their formal and grammatical organization descriptive phrases was being built on the base of semantically accentuated components as well as micro and macrocontext. Sometimes the semaciological procedure was used as an important component of axiologicality. The detailed classification of lexical and semantic range of periphrases’ elements, presenting subordinate connection as regular relationship, meanwhile coordinate and correlative as irregular ones, has been constructed consequently. All the semantic and connotative (ameliorative and pejorative) markers were logically identified. The vast range of facts involved in the scientific research, made the solid reason to assert the dominant position of the pejorative connotation due to extralingual factors (lack of managerial experience of the President Zelenskyi, unmotivated personnel changes, the desire to concentrate all branches of government in one hand, etc.). It is a fact that the crucial semantic and axiological indicators of the secondary nominations under analysis are grammatically dominant components. Sometimes this function is being performed by dependent members, which are lexemes or various syntactic constructions, formed with their participation. The analysed descriptive phrases of the periphrastic field appear as separate skilfully verbalized mini-plots, revealing consistently recorded features of the system of government of Volodymyr Zelenskyi as well as prominent events and facts, ultimately, the Ukrainian state with its gains a
{"title":"The periphrastic image of Volodymyr Zelenskyi in the publicistic and political discourse of the 2021","authors":"M. Stepanenko","doi":"10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268658","url":null,"abstract":"The crucial importance of the linguistics as a branch of science reveals to be the focus and presentation of diverse lingual changes at various lingual levels, first and foremost at lexical-semantic, derivational, and phraseological due to the fact they contain mini-fragments of all the events, happening in a certain country and the world in general. The given article embraces the complex analysis of different periphrastic units as substitutes of the precedent name Volodymyr Zelenskyi based on the interconnection of intra- and extralingual factors, which harmonise, securing the lingual progress and accurately reflecting the core positive and negative changes in the society, reactions of people over the certain challenges. The spectrum of mini-texts of publicistic and political discourse, limited by strict chronological framework of the 2021, forms the research base of the scientific disquisition. As a result, the all-embracing periphrastic field Volodymyr Zelenskyi has been modelled on the base of wide range of actual material, the identifying criteria of its constituents (e.g., political activity of Volodymyr Zelenskyi, presidential activity of Volodymyr Zelenskyi, civil position of Volodymyr Zelenskyi, the status of actual guarantor of the Constitution in the Ukrainian political sphere, forecasts of his future as a person and as a statesman, the style of conversation with other people, etc.) were logically examined. The semantic typology of heterogeneous in their formal and grammatical organization descriptive phrases was being built on the base of semantically accentuated components as well as micro and macrocontext. Sometimes the semaciological procedure was used as an important component of axiologicality. The detailed classification of lexical and semantic range of periphrases’ elements, presenting subordinate connection as regular relationship, meanwhile coordinate and correlative as irregular ones, has been constructed consequently. All the semantic and connotative (ameliorative and pejorative) markers were logically identified. The vast range of facts involved in the scientific research, made the solid reason to assert the dominant position of the pejorative connotation due to extralingual factors (lack of managerial experience of the President Zelenskyi, unmotivated personnel changes, the desire to concentrate all branches of government in one hand, etc.). It is a fact that the crucial semantic and axiological indicators of the secondary nominations under analysis are grammatically dominant components. Sometimes this function is being performed by dependent members, which are lexemes or various syntactic constructions, formed with their participation. The analysed descriptive phrases of the periphrastic field appear as separate skilfully verbalized mini-plots, revealing consistently recorded features of the system of government of Volodymyr Zelenskyi as well as prominent events and facts, ultimately, the Ukrainian state with its gains a","PeriodicalId":180896,"journal":{"name":"Philological Review","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114938059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-10DOI: 10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268655
Yu. F. Pradid
The article examines the peculiarities of the creation of surnames derived from the surname Did, common in Ukraine. An overview of the scientific works of domestic linguists on the theoretical and applied aspects of the study of Ukrainian surnames was made (the works of V. Horpynych, L. Masenko, A. Popovsky, Yu. Pradid, Yu. Redko, M. Khudash, etc.), their lexicographic processing as a whole in general (V. Demchenko and I. Lopushynskyi, A. Zosimov, Yu. Redko, etc.), as well as individual regions of Ukraine, in particular (H. Arkushyn, V. Horpynych, Yu. Novikova, P. Chuchka, etc.). A cursory review of the scientific research of Ukrainian scientists gave grounds to summarize that surnames derived from the surname Did, as well as microsystems of surnames «Grandfather» in general, were not studied at all, even casually, in connection with the study of other problems, in Ukrainian linguistic science. From the system of surnames common on the territory of Ukraine, a group of surnames derived from the surname Did, which includes 173 surnames, was singled out. It was established that 33 out of 46 surnames became the basis for the creation of 127 new surnames, and no new surnames were formed from 13 surnames derived from the surname Did. The most common surname of the studied microgroup is the surname Didenko (19,123 speakers), and the most derived surnames are formed from the surname Didukh (20 surnames). The analysis of the actual material gave reasons to claim that the main method of creating surnames derived from the surname Did is the suffixation: Didukh – Didu(h/sh)-itsk-y, Didyn – Didyn-ets, Didenko – Diden(k/h)-enk -o and others (a total of 83 surnames). In one case, a more complex formula was used – the surname Did-enk-o was formed from the last name Did by a suffix method, from which the last name Didenk-ul was also formed by a suffix method, and the last name Didenkul-ov was formed from it by a suffix method. It is noted that the suffixes -ov (14 cases), -enk- (11 cases), -chuk(-chuk) (7 cases) are most often used to create new surnames. 44 female surnames are formed in an inflectional way from the bases of male surnames: Didushyn – Didushyn-a, Didkivsk-y – Didkivsk-a, Didenkov – Didenkov-a, etc. The article emphasizes the fact that surnames derived from the surname Dyed, double surnames, one of the components of which are the surnames Dіd and Dyed and surnames derived from them, rare and non-derivative surnames, the basis of which served as the basis of the surnames Dіd and Dyed, also require separate research , and some others.
这篇文章探讨了在乌克兰常见的从姓Did派生的姓氏创造的特殊性。综述了国内语言学家在乌克兰姓氏研究的理论和应用方面的科学著作(v.h orpynych, L. Masenko, A. Popovsky, Yu。Pradid,余。Redko, M. Khudash等)，他们的词典编纂处理作为一个整体一般(V. Demchenko和I. Lopushynskyi, a . Zosimov, Yu。Redko等)，以及乌克兰的个别地区，特别是(H. Arkushyn, V. Horpynych, Yu。诺维科娃，丘奇卡等)。粗略地回顾一下乌克兰科学家的科学研究，可以得出结论，在乌克兰语言科学中，从姓氏Did衍生的姓氏以及姓氏“祖父”的微系统，在研究其他问题时根本没有得到研究，甚至是偶然的研究。从乌克兰境内常见的姓氏系统中，一组从Did派生的姓氏被挑选出来，其中包括173个姓氏。结果发现，46个姓氏中的33个成为127个新姓氏的基础，而从Did派生的13个姓氏没有形成新姓氏。被研究的微群体中最常见的姓氏是姓Didenko(19123名使用者)，最多的姓氏是由姓Didukh(20个姓氏)形成的。根据对实际资料的分析，有理由认为，从姓氏Did衍生出姓氏的主要方法是后缀:Didukh - Didu(h/sh)-itsk-y, Didyn- Didyn-ets, Didenko - Diden(k/h)-enk -o等(总共83个姓氏)。在一个案例中，使用了一个更复杂的公式——姓氏Did-enk-o是由姓氏Did通过后缀法形成的，姓氏Didenk-ul也是通过后缀法形成的，姓氏didenkull -ov是通过后缀法形成的。值得注意的是，后缀-ov(14例)，-enk-(11例)，-chuk(-chuk)(7例)最常用于创建新姓氏。44个女性姓氏是由男性姓氏的基底屈折形成的:Didushyn- Didushyn-a, Didkivsk-y - Didkivsk-a, Didenkov- Didenkov-a，等等。文章强调，从姓染色中衍生出的姓氏、双姓(其中一个组成部分是姓d和染色及其衍生的姓氏)、以其为姓d和染色的基础的稀有姓氏和非衍生姓氏也需要单独研究，以及其他一些情况。
{"title":"Features of creating surnames, derived from the surname of Did (based on surnames common in Ukraine)","authors":"Yu. F. Pradid","doi":"10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268655","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the peculiarities of the creation of surnames derived from the surname Did, common in Ukraine. An overview of the scientific works of domestic linguists on the theoretical and applied aspects of the study of Ukrainian surnames was made (the works of V. Horpynych, L. Masenko, A. Popovsky, Yu. Pradid, Yu. Redko, M. Khudash, etc.), their lexicographic processing as a whole in general (V. Demchenko and I. Lopushynskyi, A. Zosimov, Yu. Redko, etc.), as well as individual regions of Ukraine, in particular (H. Arkushyn, V. Horpynych, Yu. Novikova, P. Chuchka, etc.). \u0000A cursory review of the scientific research of Ukrainian scientists gave grounds to summarize that surnames derived from the surname Did, as well as microsystems of surnames «Grandfather» in general, were not studied at all, even casually, in connection with the study of other problems, in Ukrainian linguistic science. \u0000From the system of surnames common on the territory of Ukraine, a group of surnames derived from the surname Did, which includes 173 surnames, was singled out. It was established that 33 out of 46 surnames became the basis for the creation of 127 new surnames, and no new surnames were formed from 13 surnames derived from the surname Did. \u0000The most common surname of the studied microgroup is the surname Didenko (19,123 speakers), and the most derived surnames are formed from the surname Didukh (20 surnames). \u0000The analysis of the actual material gave reasons to claim that the main method of creating surnames derived from the surname Did is the suffixation: Didukh – Didu(h/sh)-itsk-y, Didyn – Didyn-ets, Didenko – Diden(k/h)-enk -o and others (a total of 83 surnames). In one case, a more complex formula was used – the surname Did-enk-o was formed from the last name Did by a suffix method, from which the last name Didenk-ul was also formed by a suffix method, and the last name Didenkul-ov was formed from it by a suffix method. \u0000It is noted that the suffixes -ov (14 cases), -enk- (11 cases), -chuk(-chuk) (7 cases) are most often used to create new surnames. 44 female surnames are formed in an inflectional way from the bases of male surnames: Didushyn – Didushyn-a, Didkivsk-y – Didkivsk-a, Didenkov – Didenkov-a, etc. \u0000The article emphasizes the fact that surnames derived from the surname Dyed, double surnames, one of the components of which are the surnames Dіd and Dyed and surnames derived from them, rare and non-derivative surnames, the basis of which served as the basis of the surnames Dіd and Dyed, also require separate research , and some others.","PeriodicalId":180896,"journal":{"name":"Philological Review","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125644290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-10DOI: 10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268646
Zhanna Koloiz
The article clarifies the essence of the concept of biblical gluttony. It is proposed to distinguish between original and translated biblical gluttony. The original biblical gluttony is interpreted as a set of nominative units, the form of expression and content plan of which is a specific code of the food culture of the respective ethno-community and which reflect the identity of a certain conceptual picture of the world. It is emphasized that in the translated text, the conceptual picture of the biblical world is to some extent transformed, adapted to the culture of the ethnic community in whose language the translation was made. This gave reason to partially modify the very definition of the concept of biblical gluttony: a set of nominative units manifested in the biblical translation, adapted to specific alien realities of sacred (treasured) reality in the field of nutrition (in the broadest sense). The corpus of biblical gluttony is represented through the nominative units of the nuclear and peripheral zones. Emphasis is placed on problematic aspects of the classification of units of the peripheral zone, in particular, taking into account perceptual characteristics. Unconscious sensory perception is reflected in the semantics of perception of the cognitive experience of different ethnic communities, outlines different perceptual modes and ways of linguistic objectification. Sensory vocabulary is being updated, which illustrates certain sensations that are localized in the mind through the senses – sight, hearing, smell, touch, taste. Special attention is paid to the latter and the expediency of using the terminological combination gustative names is substantiated. The specificity of gustatives is revealed through the analysis of the most basic attributes used in the translated text and adapted for the perception of the native speaker of the Ukrainian language. Attention is drawn to the explicit and implicit designation of taste qualities, the use of gustatory names in a direct and figurative sense.
{"title":"Gustatory names as fragments of biblical gluttony","authors":"Zhanna Koloiz","doi":"10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.2.2022.268646","url":null,"abstract":"The article clarifies the essence of the concept of biblical gluttony. It is proposed to distinguish between original and translated biblical gluttony. The original biblical gluttony is interpreted as a set of nominative units, the form of expression and content plan of which is a specific code of the food culture of the respective ethno-community and which reflect the identity of a certain conceptual picture of the world. It is emphasized that in the translated text, the conceptual picture of the biblical world is to some extent transformed, adapted to the culture of the ethnic community in whose language the translation was made. This gave reason to partially modify the very definition of the concept of biblical gluttony: a set of nominative units manifested in the biblical translation, adapted to specific alien realities of sacred (treasured) reality in the field of nutrition (in the broadest sense). \u0000The corpus of biblical gluttony is represented through the nominative units of the nuclear and peripheral zones. Emphasis is placed on problematic aspects of the classification of units of the peripheral zone, in particular, taking into account perceptual characteristics. Unconscious sensory perception is reflected in the semantics of perception of the cognitive experience of different ethnic communities, outlines different perceptual modes and ways of linguistic objectification. \u0000Sensory vocabulary is being updated, which illustrates certain sensations that are localized in the mind through the senses – sight, hearing, smell, touch, taste. Special attention is paid to the latter and the expediency of using the terminological combination gustative names is substantiated. The specificity of gustatives is revealed through the analysis of the most basic attributes used in the translated text and adapted for the perception of the native speaker of the Ukrainian language. Attention is drawn to the explicit and implicit designation of taste qualities, the use of gustatory names in a direct and figurative sense.","PeriodicalId":180896,"journal":{"name":"Philological Review","volume":"20 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132154738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-31DOI: 10.31499/2415-8828.1.2022.257941
Ilona Lechner
The concept of morality is deeply rooted in the consciousness of a people, yet it is difficult for ordinary people to grasp. We rarely talk openly about morality, yet our concept of morality is reflected in our language. In this study, the mentioned concept is approached from the theorems of cognitive linguistics. I would like to highlight a segment of my multilevel research in German and Hungarian language corpora, the empirical basis of the moral concept. The experiential basis of our moral conception can be said to be potentially universal, however, potentially universal conceptualization can take specific forms due to the sociocultural characteristics of the context. The study is intended to present the characteristic features of this process in the Hungarian and German cultural context. The research was conducted on two corpora, each containing 3,000 statements. The Hungarian language sample was compiled from the Hungarian National Corpus (hereinafter HNC) operated by the Institute of Linguistics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. To compile the German sample, the National Corpus of Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache (DWDS) was used. The identified metaphorical linguistic expressions were subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results highlighted that there are shifts in emphasis in the two languages regarding conceptual metaphors, but no significant differences can be detected. Keywords: cognitive linguistics, metaphorical conceptualization, cultural context, morality, experiential basis.
道德观念深深根植于一个民族的意识之中，但一般人很难领会。我们很少公开谈论道德，但我们的道德观念反映在我们的语言中。在本研究中，上述概念是从认知语言学的定理来探讨的。我想强调我对德语和匈牙利语语料库的多层次研究的一部分，这是道德概念的经验基础。我们的道德观念的经验基础可以说是潜在的普遍的，然而，潜在的普遍概念化可以采取特定的形式，由于社会文化的背景特征。本研究旨在展示匈牙利和德国文化背景下这一过程的特点。这项研究是在两个语料库上进行的，每个语料库包含3000个语句。匈牙利语样本来自匈牙利科学院语言学研究所运营的匈牙利国家语料库(以下简称HNC)。为了编制德国样本，使用了国家数字语料库Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache (DWDS)。对识别出的隐喻语言表达进行定性和定量分析。结果表明，两种语言对概念隐喻的强调有变化，但没有发现显著差异。关键词:认知语言学，隐喻概念化，文化语境，道德，经验基础。
{"title":"The experiential basis of the concept of morality in German and Hungarian","authors":"Ilona Lechner","doi":"10.31499/2415-8828.1.2022.257941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.1.2022.257941","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of morality is deeply rooted in the consciousness of a people, yet it is difficult for ordinary people to grasp. We rarely talk openly about morality, yet our concept of morality is reflected in our language. In this study, the mentioned concept is approached from the theorems of cognitive linguistics. I would like to highlight a segment of my multilevel research in German and Hungarian language corpora, the empirical basis of the moral concept. The experiential basis of our moral conception can be said to be potentially universal, however, potentially universal conceptualization can take specific forms due to the sociocultural characteristics of the context. The study is intended to present the characteristic features of this process in the Hungarian and German cultural context. The research was conducted on two corpora, each containing 3,000 statements. The Hungarian language sample was compiled from the Hungarian National Corpus (hereinafter HNC) operated by the Institute of Linguistics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. To compile the German sample, the National Corpus of Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache (DWDS) was used. The identified metaphorical linguistic expressions were subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results highlighted that there are shifts in emphasis in the two languages regarding conceptual metaphors, but no significant differences can be detected. Keywords: cognitive linguistics, metaphorical conceptualization, cultural context, morality, experiential basis.","PeriodicalId":180896,"journal":{"name":"Philological Review","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127167577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-31DOI: 10.31499/2415-8828.1.2022.257960
Victoria Cherevchenko, Oleksandr Cherevchenko
This research paper is devoted to the clarification of mechanisms of correlation that function in the language and cognition. The study has been conducted on varied language material with the consideration of the level structure of modern linguistics, particularly phonetic, morphemic, lexical, morphological, syntactical levels. In this paper, we used the method of theoretical analysis of works and existing academic definitions based on the mechanisms of correlation that made it possible to determine differential signs that reveal its underlying content and interpretation. Applying correlation as a terminological notion, modern linguistics determines in it the following key signs and features: systemic relation, opposition nature, modeling character, dichotomous structure etc. The mechanisms of correlation embodied in the language (analogue, comparison, modelling, functional commonness etc.) that enable to learn the many-sided nature of being influence the person from the moment of birth, forming a naïve picture of the child’s world, introducing the child into the ethnic and language environment, familiarizing with the basics of material and spiritual culture, determining the most essential spatial sense coordinates in the cognition of the world. It is relevant to apply these mechanisms as a categorical notion, since it is the mechanism of correlation that becomes the background of the development of the conceptual language picture of the world of an ethnos, being the marker of the national language, traditions, culture, and human cognition. The category of correlation is a philosophical and esthetic notion of oppositional nature (e.g. object-subject, general-concrete, similar-different) the nature of which is in the character of human cognition itself, their mechanisms becoming the background of spreading any information (intellectual, spiritual, cultural, esthetic, imaginative, etc.). The mentioned specific features find their reflection in any language notion; they determine the language system of each ethnos. Keywords: correlation, cognition, ethnos, analogy, comparison, modelling, functional commonness, oppositional character, category.
{"title":"The mechanisms of correlation as the background of the language system","authors":"Victoria Cherevchenko, Oleksandr Cherevchenko","doi":"10.31499/2415-8828.1.2022.257960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.1.2022.257960","url":null,"abstract":"This research paper is devoted to the clarification of mechanisms of correlation that function in the language and cognition. The study has been conducted on varied language material with the consideration of the level structure of modern linguistics, particularly phonetic, morphemic, lexical, morphological, syntactical levels. In this paper, we used the method of theoretical analysis of works and existing academic definitions based on the mechanisms of correlation that made it possible to determine differential signs that reveal its underlying content and interpretation. Applying correlation as a terminological notion, modern linguistics determines in it the following key signs and features: systemic relation, opposition nature, modeling character, dichotomous structure etc. The mechanisms of correlation embodied in the language (analogue, comparison, modelling, functional commonness etc.) that enable to learn the many-sided nature of being influence the person from the moment of birth, forming a naïve picture of the child’s world, introducing the child into the ethnic and language environment, familiarizing with the basics of material and spiritual culture, determining the most essential spatial sense coordinates in the cognition of the world. It is relevant to apply these mechanisms as a categorical notion, since it is the mechanism of correlation that becomes the background of the development of the conceptual language picture of the world of an ethnos, being the marker of the national language, traditions, culture, and human cognition. The category of correlation is a philosophical and esthetic notion of oppositional nature (e.g. object-subject, general-concrete, similar-different) the nature of which is in the character of human cognition itself, their mechanisms becoming the background of spreading any information (intellectual, spiritual, cultural, esthetic, imaginative, etc.). The mentioned specific features find their reflection in any language notion; they determine the language system of each ethnos.\u0000Keywords: correlation, cognition, ethnos, analogy, comparison, modelling, functional commonness, oppositional character, category.","PeriodicalId":180896,"journal":{"name":"Philological Review","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116580489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-31DOI: 10.31499/2415-8828.1.2022.257954
N. Torchynska, M. Torchynskyi
Linguistic features of different confessional style genres have always aroused the scientists’ interest. One of the most common genres in the confessional style is the prayer, which has a communicative-pragmatic orientation formed due to its structure and several language devices, including elements of indirect speech, introduced into the prayer discourse. The relevance of the topic of the article resulted from the prayer interpretation as a representant of the endophase (internal) speech of the religious, which has a monological-dialogical structure and mostly is expressed through imperative constructions. The object of the article is 458 Orthodox prayers (9.1 pages). The purpose of the article is to substantiate the basis for interpreting prayers as examples of indirect speech and to characterize the constructions that represent direct, indirect, and free direct speech of the recipient, which are directed to higher forces. The purpose implies the realization of implementing a set of tasks: 1) to define the prayer as an indirect speech representant; 2) to analyze the types of sentences with indirect speech, detected in the prayer discourse; 3) to characterize the introductory elements, which illustrate indirect speech in prayers. The analysis of Orthodox prayers confirmed the hypothesis about qualification its as examples of indirect speech, since in such structure imperative, interrogative and exclamation sentences are actively functioning. They often include direct (55 fixations), indirect (128) and free direct (177) speech, and especially a significant number of vocal constructions. In the author’s words or parts of complex sentences related to them verbs of speech predominate (благати, вигукнути, відповісти, говорити, казати, обіцяти, промовляти, просити, співати etc.), thinking and cognition (бажати, думати, забути, знати, зрозуміти, пам’ятати), perception (вислухати, чути) and especially those related to the religious sphere (благословляти, вірувати, молити, присягати, сповідувати). The study of thedevices of transmitting indirect speech in other sub-styles of confessional style deserves attention in the future. It will allow to form a holistic picture of the reproductive features of our language. Keywords: confessional style, genre, prayer, indirect speech, direct speech, free direct speech, imperative, exclamatory, interrogative sentences.
{"title":"Structural-grammatical and semantic features of the functioning of indirect speech in orthodox prayers","authors":"N. Torchynska, M. Torchynskyi","doi":"10.31499/2415-8828.1.2022.257954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.1.2022.257954","url":null,"abstract":"Linguistic features of different confessional style genres have always aroused the scientists’ interest. One of the most common genres in the confessional style is the prayer, which has a communicative-pragmatic orientation formed due to its structure and several language devices, including elements of indirect speech, introduced into the prayer discourse. The relevance of the topic of the article resulted from the prayer interpretation as a representant of the endophase (internal) speech of the religious, which has a monological-dialogical structure and mostly is expressed through imperative constructions. The object of the article is 458 Orthodox prayers (9.1 pages).\u0000The purpose of the article is to substantiate the basis for interpreting prayers as examples of indirect speech and to characterize the constructions that represent direct, indirect, and free direct speech of the recipient, which are directed to higher forces.\u0000The purpose implies the realization of implementing a set of tasks: 1) to define the prayer as an indirect speech representant; 2) to analyze the types of sentences with indirect speech, detected in the prayer discourse; 3) to characterize the introductory elements, which illustrate indirect speech in prayers.\u0000The analysis of Orthodox prayers confirmed the hypothesis about qualification its as examples of indirect speech, since in such structure imperative, interrogative and exclamation sentences are actively functioning. They often include direct (55 fixations), indirect (128) and free direct (177) speech, and especially a significant number of vocal constructions. In the author’s words or parts of complex sentences related to them verbs of speech predominate (благати, вигукнути, відповісти, говорити, казати, обіцяти, промовляти, просити, співати etc.), thinking and cognition (бажати, думати, забути, знати, зрозуміти, пам’ятати), perception (вислухати, чути) and especially those related to the religious sphere (благословляти, вірувати, молити, присягати, сповідувати).\u0000The study of thedevices of transmitting indirect speech in other sub-styles of confessional style deserves attention in the future. It will allow to form a holistic picture of the reproductive features of our language.\u0000Keywords: confessional style, genre, prayer, indirect speech, direct speech, free direct speech, imperative, exclamatory, interrogative sentences.","PeriodicalId":180896,"journal":{"name":"Philological Review","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128888384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-31DOI: 10.31499/2415-8828.1.2022.257965
T. Chonka, Adalbert Bárány
In the scientific work has been carried out an interpretation of Hermann Hesse’s novels «Steppenwolf» and «The Game of Beads» on the basis of the dialogue «author – hero – reader», built on the principles of intellectual play. It has been illustrated that the category of play – as an artistic, magical element of creativity, as a means of creating and functioning of cultural values, as an artistic communication – is conceptual for the artist. The purpose of this game is the reader endowed with rich imagination. The model of the ideal reader, who is able to co-create and agrees to accept all the rules of the proposed game, laid down in the literary texts by H. Hesse. Emphasis is placed on the fact that philosophy and aesthetics are the basic, integral principles of Hesse’s game concept. The artist proceeds from the standpoint of aesthetics (as a way of escape from reality), and thanks to this aesthetics seeks a philosophical understanding of the depths of his own subconscious and conscious, solving this problem by the act of creation. Hesse’s literary works were a kind of playful communication with his own depths, which the author was not afraid to make «on people». The constant duality of the characters, the study of variations in life paths, the formation of a spiritual personality, the search for truth – the problems that most concerned Hesse, and therefore were covered in his works. The author «played» in the construction of his own personality, not forgetting for a moment about the annoying reality that was the source of his real «I». The game helps him to overcome this reality, gives him the opportunity to be «who the soul wants to be» and «where» he aspires. Most of the writer’s works are based on the game of intellect, but Hesse needs the reader’s trust, he does not intend to deceive him, on the contrary – the author wants to make him his partner in creating the world of novels: he plays «beauty» and offers to do so to his readers. It is proved that the concept of the game for Hesse is the principle of organization of the literary text and the basis of literary communication. The game is the main basis of the dialogue «author – hero – reader». Keywords: Hermann Hesse, «Steppenwolf», «The Game of Beads», dialogue «author – hero – reader», intellectual game.
{"title":"The category of play as philosophical and aesthetic factor in the works by Hermann Hesse","authors":"T. Chonka, Adalbert Bárány","doi":"10.31499/2415-8828.1.2022.257965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.1.2022.257965","url":null,"abstract":"In the scientific work has been carried out an interpretation of Hermann Hesse’s novels «Steppenwolf» and «The Game of Beads» on the basis of the dialogue «author – hero – reader», built on the principles of intellectual play.\u0000It has been illustrated that the category of play – as an artistic, magical element of creativity, as a means of creating and functioning of cultural values, as an artistic communication – is conceptual for the artist. The purpose of this game is the reader endowed with rich imagination. The model of the ideal reader, who is able to co-create and agrees to accept all the rules of the proposed game, laid down in the literary texts by H. Hesse.\u0000Emphasis is placed on the fact that philosophy and aesthetics are the basic, integral principles of Hesse’s game concept. The artist proceeds from the standpoint of aesthetics (as a way of escape from reality), and thanks to this aesthetics seeks a philosophical understanding of the depths of his own subconscious and conscious, solving this problem by the act of creation.\u0000Hesse’s literary works were a kind of playful communication with his own depths, which the author was not afraid to make «on people». The constant duality of the characters, the study of variations in life paths, the formation of a spiritual personality, the search for truth – the problems that most concerned Hesse, and therefore were covered in his works.\u0000The author «played» in the construction of his own personality, not forgetting for a moment about the annoying reality that was the source of his real «I». The game helps him to overcome this reality, gives him the opportunity to be «who the soul wants to be» and «where» he aspires. Most of the writer’s works are based on the game of intellect, but Hesse needs the reader’s trust, he does not intend to deceive him, on the contrary – the author wants to make him his partner in creating the world of novels: he plays «beauty» and offers to do so to his readers.\u0000It is proved that the concept of the game for Hesse is the principle of organization of the literary text and the basis of literary communication. The game is the main basis of the dialogue «author – hero – reader».\u0000Keywords: Hermann Hesse, «Steppenwolf», «The Game of Beads», dialogue «author – hero – reader», intellectual game.","PeriodicalId":180896,"journal":{"name":"Philological Review","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124339928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-31DOI: 10.31499/2415-8828.1.2022.257910
O. Bohovyk, Andrii Bezrukov
The article reconsiders the sociolinguistic basis of gender-specific vocabulary representation within the context of linguistic identity’s sociocultural transformations. The comprehension of language interaction is postulated as an indispensable precondition for understanding linguistic identity to affect their sociocultural development. It is also connected with the influence of sociocultural transformations on the features of cognitive processes. The study primarily follows selection, descriptive, and synthesis methods. The strategies of gender-specific vocabulary usage as a rate of male and female’s differentiation are essential in the study of linguistic identity. It is important in the sense that the gender category determines the psychological and social development of individuals, especially their verbal behaviour. Gender-specific vocabulary circulation in the context of the evolution of linguistic identity is the result of such sociocultural processes as a focus on gender-sensitive communication patterns, avoidance of language gender imbalance, and social dynamics. Gender-specific vocabulary may serve as a modifier of an individual’s verbal behaviour and speech internalisation processes. Such kinds of lexis may act as tools for constructing the linguistic view of the world and defining the language ontologisation options. In the context of the last years’ social and cultural changes, the development of linguistic identity explicates the idea of verbal behaviour and sociocultural processes’ interdependence. Linguistic identity has been revealed as a representative of identity in general to reflect social and cultural levels of existence which are shown through the language. Keywords: speaker, communication, social parity, verbalisation, gender, behavioural pattern.
{"title":"Representation of gender-specific vocabulary through sociocultural transformations of linguistic identity","authors":"O. Bohovyk, Andrii Bezrukov","doi":"10.31499/2415-8828.1.2022.257910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31499/2415-8828.1.2022.257910","url":null,"abstract":"The article reconsiders the sociolinguistic basis of gender-specific vocabulary representation within the context of linguistic identity’s sociocultural transformations. The comprehension of language interaction is postulated as an indispensable precondition for understanding linguistic identity to affect their sociocultural development. It is also connected with the influence of sociocultural transformations on the features of cognitive processes. The study primarily follows selection, descriptive, and synthesis methods. The strategies of gender-specific vocabulary usage as a rate of male and female’s differentiation are essential in the study of linguistic identity. It is important in the sense that the gender category determines the psychological and social development of individuals, especially their verbal behaviour. Gender-specific vocabulary circulation in the context of the evolution of linguistic identity is the result of such sociocultural processes as a focus on gender-sensitive communication patterns, avoidance of language gender imbalance, and social dynamics. Gender-specific vocabulary may serve as a modifier of an individual’s verbal behaviour and speech internalisation processes. Such kinds of lexis may act as tools for constructing the linguistic view of the world and defining the language ontologisation options. In the context of the last years’ social and cultural changes, the development of linguistic identity explicates the idea of verbal behaviour and sociocultural processes’ interdependence. Linguistic identity has been revealed as a representative of identity in general to reflect social and cultural levels of existence which are shown through the language.\u0000Keywords: speaker, communication, social parity, verbalisation, gender, behavioural pattern.","PeriodicalId":180896,"journal":{"name":"Philological Review","volume":"147 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121260819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：