Pub Date : 2023-08-27DOI: 10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2940
A. Fadhlina, H. Sheikh, W. Lestari
A novel angucycline, C1 isolated from Stereospermum fimbriatum stem bark was subjected to molecular docking studies on five main targets of penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), β-lactamase, DNA topoisomerase IV, dehydrosqualene synthase (CrtM) and sortase A (SrtA) for anti-MRSA activity. The binding sites and docking scores of known inhibitors (positive control) were compared with C1. Docking analysis was carried out by AutoDock 4.0 package. The binding site of C1 closely resembled the positive control in all screened receptors. Inhibition constant of C1 was lower than the positive control tested for PBP2a, β-lactamase, dehydrosqualene synthase and sortase A except against DNA Topoisomerase IV. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis of C1 showed that 7-CO was the most significant contributor to its activity since it formed hydrogen bonds with four of the five screened receptors. Molecular docking of C1 indicated that C1 can be a good candidate for new anti-MRSA drug development.
{"title":"Molecular Docking Studies of an Isolated Angucycline of Stereospermum fimbriatum, a Novel Anti-MRSA Agent","authors":"A. Fadhlina, H. Sheikh, W. Lestari","doi":"10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2940","url":null,"abstract":"A novel angucycline, C1 isolated from Stereospermum fimbriatum stem bark was subjected to molecular docking studies on five main targets of penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), β-lactamase, DNA topoisomerase IV, dehydrosqualene synthase (CrtM) and sortase A (SrtA) for anti-MRSA activity. The binding sites and docking scores of known inhibitors (positive control) were compared with C1. Docking analysis was carried out by AutoDock 4.0 package. The binding site of C1 closely resembled the positive control in all screened receptors. Inhibition constant of C1 was lower than the positive control tested for PBP2a, β-lactamase, dehydrosqualene synthase and sortase A except against DNA Topoisomerase IV. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis of C1 showed that 7-CO was the most significant contributor to its activity since it formed hydrogen bonds with four of the five screened receptors. Molecular docking of C1 indicated that C1 can be a good candidate for new anti-MRSA drug development.","PeriodicalId":18149,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89199076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-27DOI: 10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2934
A. Wildani, S. Maryanto, Didik Rahadi Santoso, H. Triastuty
This research was conducted with the aim of explaining the physical processes that occur at the source. The duration-amplitude distribution is an amplitude scaling method that can describe the process of sustained earthquake sources such as volcanic tremors. The data used in this study are seismic data from Mount Ijen for the period from January to March 2012 and January to March 2014. Scaling the duration amplitude distribution is done by converting the amplitude to reduced displacement (DR). The cumulative duration is calculated with a range of 3-12 cm2 which is the lowest and highest reduced displacement values. The cumulative duration plot results are then adjusted to the power law model and the exponential model. a correlation coefficient (R2) was calculated to evaluate the fit for each of these models. The results showed that the R2 exponential model was higher than the R2 power law model for all events in both 2012 and 2014 and there was no transition between the two models. This indicates that the source process of the Ijen volcano volcanic tremor is related to the scale-bound source process and there was no source change in either 2012 or 2014. However, differences in amplitude characteristics were found in 2012 and 2014. The volcanic tremors in 2012 were stronger than those in 2014, according with the reality of changing the condition of the crater lake which is stronger in 2012. Volcanic tremors and changes in the Ijen crater lake are important for forecasting the eruption of the Ijen volcano.
{"title":"The Duration Amplitude Distribution of Volcanic Tremor Recorded at Ijen Volcano, Indonesia","authors":"A. Wildani, S. Maryanto, Didik Rahadi Santoso, H. Triastuty","doi":"10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2934","url":null,"abstract":"This research was conducted with the aim of explaining the physical processes that occur at the source. The duration-amplitude distribution is an amplitude scaling method that can describe the process of sustained earthquake sources such as volcanic tremors. The data used in this study are seismic data from Mount Ijen for the period from January to March 2012 and January to March 2014. Scaling the duration amplitude distribution is done by converting the amplitude to reduced displacement (DR). The cumulative duration is calculated with a range of 3-12 cm2 which is the lowest and highest reduced displacement values. The cumulative duration plot results are then adjusted to the power law model and the exponential model. a correlation coefficient (R2) was calculated to evaluate the fit for each of these models. The results showed that the R2 exponential model was higher than the R2 power law model for all events in both 2012 and 2014 and there was no transition between the two models. This indicates that the source process of the Ijen volcano volcanic tremor is related to the scale-bound source process and there was no source change in either 2012 or 2014. However, differences in amplitude characteristics were found in 2012 and 2014. The volcanic tremors in 2012 were stronger than those in 2014, according with the reality of changing the condition of the crater lake which is stronger in 2012. Volcanic tremors and changes in the Ijen crater lake are important for forecasting the eruption of the Ijen volcano.","PeriodicalId":18149,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91231089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-27DOI: 10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2963
Mohd Hairul Mohd Salleh, Y. Esa, Amir Asyraf Zainudin, Khairul Azhar Romli, Wan Nur Fatin Syafiqah Wan Nawang, Athirah Mohd Bakri, NorJasmin Hussin, Siti Amalia Aisyah Abdul Halim
The Malaysian Giant Turtles and Painted Terrapin mitochondrial control region has the first data deposited to the GenBank database. This dataset describes phylogenetic tree relationships between the genera Orlitia and Batagur. Orlitia borneensis and Batagur borneoensis are freshwater turtles listed as critically endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List and among 24 species of turtles in Malaysia. Since both species are critically endangered, the data provided here can be used for future conservation genetics studies in order to protect the species from being driven to extinction. A sample of each species was collected aseptically from adult O. borneensis (male) and B. borneoensis (female) in captivity at Bukit Paloh, Kuala Berang, Terengganu. The data for this study can be found in the GenBank database with accession numbers OQ571740 and OQ571740.
{"title":"The First Mitochondrial Control Region Dataset: Critically Endangered Freshwater Turtles in Malaysia, Orlitia borneensis and Batagur borneoensis","authors":"Mohd Hairul Mohd Salleh, Y. Esa, Amir Asyraf Zainudin, Khairul Azhar Romli, Wan Nur Fatin Syafiqah Wan Nawang, Athirah Mohd Bakri, NorJasmin Hussin, Siti Amalia Aisyah Abdul Halim","doi":"10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2963","url":null,"abstract":"The Malaysian Giant Turtles and Painted Terrapin mitochondrial control region has the first data deposited to the GenBank database. This dataset describes phylogenetic tree relationships between the genera Orlitia and Batagur. Orlitia borneensis and Batagur borneoensis are freshwater turtles listed as critically endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List and among 24 species of turtles in Malaysia. Since both species are critically endangered, the data provided here can be used for future conservation genetics studies in order to protect the species from being driven to extinction. A sample of each species was collected aseptically from adult O. borneensis (male) and B. borneoensis (female) in captivity at Bukit Paloh, Kuala Berang, Terengganu. The data for this study can be found in the GenBank database with accession numbers OQ571740 and OQ571740.","PeriodicalId":18149,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81139626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-27DOI: 10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2956
A. Zamri, Nur Hazwani Mohd Hasali, Fisal Ahmad, Tuan Zainazor Tuan Chilek, M.N.S. Jamzuri, Zuha Rosufila Abu Hasan, D. Shariff
Malaysia tualang honey usually collected from the combs of Asia rock bees (Apis dorsata), which build their hives high up in the tualang tree (Koompassia excelsa). Tualang honey is used commonly as a medicinal product and as food in Malaysia. LAB strains have been discovered to exhibit antimicrobial properties even though especially in Malaysia, the research on LAB found from honey are still scarce. The study was conducted to isolate and identify lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from Tualang honey bee from East Coast Peninsular Malaysia. The Tualang honey identified LAB strains were further tested against several pathogenic bacteria by using well-diffusion method. The LAB were primarily identified by colony morphology, microscopy of Gram`s stain, biochemical tests and 16s rRNA sequencing method. 10 isolates LAB that has been identified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides (5 isolates), Lactobacillus kunkeei (4 isolates), and Lactobacillus farraginis (1 isolates) were selected for the characterization of antimicrobial agents produced by LAB. It was found that from 10 isolates, 5 isolates exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa results in excellent inhibition zones diameters larger than 15 mm. This study indicated that lactic acid bacteria isolated from Tualang honey has potential antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria and can be further characterized for health benefits and potential use in food industry at Malaysia. Keywords: Tualang Honey, LAB, pathogen, 16s rRNA sequencing, antimicrobial activity.
{"title":"Identification and Antimicrobial Activity of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Tualang Bee Honey","authors":"A. Zamri, Nur Hazwani Mohd Hasali, Fisal Ahmad, Tuan Zainazor Tuan Chilek, M.N.S. Jamzuri, Zuha Rosufila Abu Hasan, D. Shariff","doi":"10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2956","url":null,"abstract":"Malaysia tualang honey usually collected from the combs of Asia rock bees (Apis dorsata), which build their hives high up in the tualang tree (Koompassia excelsa). Tualang honey is used commonly as a medicinal product and as food in Malaysia. LAB strains have been discovered to exhibit antimicrobial properties even though especially in Malaysia, the research on LAB found from honey are still scarce. The study was conducted to isolate and identify lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from Tualang honey bee from East Coast Peninsular Malaysia. The Tualang honey identified LAB strains were further tested against several pathogenic bacteria by using well-diffusion method. The LAB were primarily identified by colony morphology, microscopy of Gram`s stain, biochemical tests and 16s rRNA sequencing method. 10 isolates LAB that has been identified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides (5 isolates), Lactobacillus kunkeei (4 isolates), and Lactobacillus farraginis (1 isolates) were selected for the characterization of antimicrobial agents produced by LAB. It was found that from 10 isolates, 5 isolates exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa results in excellent inhibition zones diameters larger than 15 mm. This study indicated that lactic acid bacteria isolated from Tualang honey has potential antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria and can be further characterized for health benefits and potential use in food industry at Malaysia. \u0000Keywords: Tualang Honey, LAB, pathogen, 16s rRNA sequencing, antimicrobial activity.","PeriodicalId":18149,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77514835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-27DOI: 10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2769
N. D. Zaulkiflee, A. Ahmad, N. F. Che Lah, S. Low, N. Nishiyama
Polyaniline (PANI) were prepared via a one-step electrochemical polymerization method in 0.2 M aniline and 0.2 M dopants for supercapacitors (SCs) application. To determine the appropriate conditions and materials for SCs application, the type of substrate, scan rate, dopants, and electrolyte on PANI were varied. The PANI composite's potential to store energy was conducted and evaluated using cyclic voltammetry in a three-electrode setup. The PANI-carbon felt demonstrated the best electrochemical performance compared to other substrate namely carbon and stainless steel. It is found that utilising H2SO4 as both dopant and electrolyte results in high specific capacitance.
{"title":"Preliminary Study of Utilizing Polyaniline as Electrode Material for Supercapacitor Application: Juxtaposition of Electrochemical Performances","authors":"N. D. Zaulkiflee, A. Ahmad, N. F. Che Lah, S. Low, N. Nishiyama","doi":"10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2769","url":null,"abstract":"Polyaniline (PANI) were prepared via a one-step electrochemical polymerization method in 0.2 M aniline and 0.2 M dopants for supercapacitors (SCs) application. To determine the appropriate conditions and materials for SCs application, the type of substrate, scan rate, dopants, and electrolyte on PANI were varied. The PANI composite's potential to store energy was conducted and evaluated using cyclic voltammetry in a three-electrode setup. The PANI-carbon felt demonstrated the best electrochemical performance compared to other substrate namely carbon and stainless steel. It is found that utilising H2SO4 as both dopant and electrolyte results in high specific capacitance.","PeriodicalId":18149,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88641589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-27DOI: 10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2818
H. Susanto, S. Wonorahardjo, W. E. Putra, A. Taufiq, S. Sunaryono, Dianvita Nur Fadhilah, Siti Bachrotus Recha Nur Fa’ida, Sa’diyatul Rizqie Amaliyah Firdaus, M. Sholeh, Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Malek
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest types of cancer with a mortality rate of 8.9% of the total cancer deaths in Indonesia. This cancer can be caused by exposure to hepatitis B and C viruses, NAFLD, autoimmune, diabetes to sporadic genetic diseases. The development of chronic HCC is generally preceded by the occurrence of severe liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. One of the genes that play a role in fibrosis in the incidence of HCC is TGF-β1. As a pro-fibrotic cytokine, the presence of high levels of TGF-β1 may be due to oxidative stress activity early in cancer development. One of the natural ingredients with lots of phytochemical content in the form of antioxidants that can reduce this activity is Moringa plant (Moringa oleifera). In this study we used a computational approach using molecular docking on the results of the GC-MS and LC-HRMS tests on Moringa oleifera Seed Oil (MOSEIL) and Moringa oleifera Leaves Powder (MOLP) which are oil and flour products made from moringa. The results of the identification of phytochemical compounds through the GC-MS test showed that the dominant compound in MOSEIL was oleic acid (37.546%) and in MOLP was ester (8.802%) when using n-hexane as solvent. The percentage yield of the dominant compound from the LC-HRMS test in MOSEIL was nitro compound (72.55%) and at MOLP was alcohol (45.87%). These compounds are known to have effects as hepatoprotective agents through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic activities that can reduce hepatic oxidative stress as an early trigger of cancer development. Through molecular docking, MOSEIL and MOLP showed a lower level of binding affinity when compared to TGF-β1 control drugs such as metformin. This data implies MOSEIL and MOLP have a strong interaction to TGF-β1 than the control drug. The therapeutic potential of the hepatoprotective properties of MOSEIL and MOLP makes them one of the most-promising therapeutic agents in the initial step of renewable cancer treatment therapy.
{"title":"Phytochemical Profiling and Pharmaceutical Properties of Moringa oleifera Leaves Powder and Seed Oil Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"H. Susanto, S. Wonorahardjo, W. E. Putra, A. Taufiq, S. Sunaryono, Dianvita Nur Fadhilah, Siti Bachrotus Recha Nur Fa’ida, Sa’diyatul Rizqie Amaliyah Firdaus, M. Sholeh, Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Malek","doi":"10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2818","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest types of cancer with a mortality rate of 8.9% of the total cancer deaths in Indonesia. This cancer can be caused by exposure to hepatitis B and C viruses, NAFLD, autoimmune, diabetes to sporadic genetic diseases. The development of chronic HCC is generally preceded by the occurrence of severe liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. One of the genes that play a role in fibrosis in the incidence of HCC is TGF-β1. As a pro-fibrotic cytokine, the presence of high levels of TGF-β1 may be due to oxidative stress activity early in cancer development. One of the natural ingredients with lots of phytochemical content in the form of antioxidants that can reduce this activity is Moringa plant (Moringa oleifera). In this study we used a computational approach using molecular docking on the results of the GC-MS and LC-HRMS tests on Moringa oleifera Seed Oil (MOSEIL) and Moringa oleifera Leaves Powder (MOLP) which are oil and flour products made from moringa. The results of the identification of phytochemical compounds through the GC-MS test showed that the dominant compound in MOSEIL was oleic acid (37.546%) and in MOLP was ester (8.802%) when using n-hexane as solvent. The percentage yield of the dominant compound from the LC-HRMS test in MOSEIL was nitro compound (72.55%) and at MOLP was alcohol (45.87%). These compounds are known to have effects as hepatoprotective agents through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic activities that can reduce hepatic oxidative stress as an early trigger of cancer development. Through molecular docking, MOSEIL and MOLP showed a lower level of binding affinity when compared to TGF-β1 control drugs such as metformin. This data implies MOSEIL and MOLP have a strong interaction to TGF-β1 than the control drug. The therapeutic potential of the hepatoprotective properties of MOSEIL and MOLP makes them one of the most-promising therapeutic agents in the initial step of renewable cancer treatment therapy.","PeriodicalId":18149,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83328945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-27DOI: 10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2944
Yanti Puspita Sari, Amanda Qory Suchi, Rudy Agung Nugroho
Nanotechnology is a relatively new and innovative field with huge potential for application in the food and drug industries. Due to their excellent physicochemical and biological properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are often utilized in various applications and have been the subject of substantial research. AgNP synthesis using plant extracts has recently gained popularity due to their environmental friendliness, affordability, and potent functionality in several applications. The present study evaluated the biosynthesis, stability, and characteristics of AgNPs using a single garlic callus extract (Allium sativum L.) AgNPs were synthesized using single garlic callus extract (AgNPs-As) by adding 1 mM AgNO3 to ethanolic extracts of single garlic callus at a 1:9 ratio, incubating at 35 °C for 48 h, and observing the colloidal color change. Spectrophotometry (absorption at 200–800 nm), SEM, EDX, PSA, FTIR, and XRD were used for their characterization. The present study showed a colloidal color change to brown, indicating the formation of AgNPs-As. The characterization of AgNPs-As using SEM, EDX, PSA, and XRD revealed a spherical morphology with an average size of 201.9 nm. Several active compounds were identified from different peaks, indicating the presence of several types of biological functional groups, such as alkaloids, terpenoids, carbonyl groups, esters, halides, and alcohol were also confirmed using FTIR spectroscopy.
纳米技术是一个相对较新的创新领域，在食品和药品工业中具有巨大的应用潜力。由于其优异的物理化学和生物特性，银纳米颗粒(AgNPs)经常被用于各种应用，并一直是大量研究的主题。利用植物提取物合成AgNP由于其环境友好性、可负担性和在几种应用中的强大功能而受到欢迎。本研究利用大蒜愈伤组织提取物(Allium sativum L.)对AgNPs的生物合成、稳定性和特性进行了评价。以大蒜单愈伤组织提取物(AgNPs- as)为原料，在大蒜单愈伤组织乙醇提取物中以1:9的比例加入1 mM AgNO3，在35℃下孵育48 h，观察胶体颜色变化。采用分光光度法(200-800 nm吸收)、SEM、EDX、PSA、FTIR、XRD进行表征。本研究发现胶体颜色变为棕色，表明AgNPs-As的形成。利用SEM、EDX、PSA和XRD对AgNPs-As进行表征，发现其形貌为球形，平均粒径为201.9 nm。从不同的峰上鉴定出几种活性化合物，表明存在几种类型的生物官能团，如生物碱、萜类、羰基、酯类、卤化物和醇。
{"title":"Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles using Single Garlic Callus Extract (Allium sativum L.)","authors":"Yanti Puspita Sari, Amanda Qory Suchi, Rudy Agung Nugroho","doi":"10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2944","url":null,"abstract":"Nanotechnology is a relatively new and innovative field with huge potential for application in the food and drug industries. Due to their excellent physicochemical and biological properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are often utilized in various applications and have been the subject of substantial research. AgNP synthesis using plant extracts has recently gained popularity due to their environmental friendliness, affordability, and potent functionality in several applications. The present study evaluated the biosynthesis, stability, and characteristics of AgNPs using a single garlic callus extract (Allium sativum L.) AgNPs were synthesized using single garlic callus extract (AgNPs-As) by adding 1 mM AgNO3 to ethanolic extracts of single garlic callus at a 1:9 ratio, incubating at 35 °C for 48 h, and observing the colloidal color change. Spectrophotometry (absorption at 200–800 nm), SEM, EDX, PSA, FTIR, and XRD were used for their characterization. The present study showed a colloidal color change to brown, indicating the formation of AgNPs-As. The characterization of AgNPs-As using SEM, EDX, PSA, and XRD revealed a spherical morphology with an average size of 201.9 nm. Several active compounds were identified from different peaks, indicating the presence of several types of biological functional groups, such as alkaloids, terpenoids, carbonyl groups, esters, halides, and alcohol were also confirmed using FTIR spectroscopy.","PeriodicalId":18149,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135138835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-27DOI: 10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.3038
I. Kusumaningrum, M. N. Fadilah, A. Wijaya, Habiddin Habiddin, Meliza Armaya
Nickel(II) ions are carcinogenic water pollutants. To increase the accuracy of instrumental analysis of Ni(II) content, several analytical preparation methods have been developed, including solid phase adsorption extraction. The development of magnetic solid phase extraction adsorbents for metal ions is required, to support the application of magnetic solid phase adsorption as a method of separating metal ions in aqueous samples. This research describes the synthesis of Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction adsorbents as Ni(II) ion adsorbents, nano magnetite/carboxymethyl kappa-carrageenan (CMKC) crosslinked bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) imprinted Ni(II)-IIP ion composites. This research was carried out in several stages, synthesis and characterization of nano magnetite (NM), synthesis and characterization of CMKC, and synthesis of NM/CMKCNi(II)-IIP adsorbents. The results of the synthesis were analyzed for morphological characteristics, magnetic strength, spectral characteristics, crystallinity, and composition using SEM, FTIR, XRD, and XRF instruments. The adsorption ability of Ni(II) of the adsorbent was tested. Determination of Ni(II) ion content in the sample before and after adsorption was carried out using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS). Based on the results of spectral character analysis, crystal diffraction patterns, magnetic strength, and morphology, it is confirmed that nano-magnetite has been successfully synthesized. The diameter of the nano magnetite grains is 21.8 nm, the adsorbent NM/CMKCNi(II)-IIP has magnetic properties and wavy surface morphology. The optimum adsorption ability of Ni(II) for the NM/CMKCNi(II)-IIP composite was 2.44 mg Ni(II)/g adsorbent. To evaluate the tendency of the adsorption ability of the adsorbent towards Ni(II) ions in the presence of competitor ions, the adsorption ability of the adsorbent to adsorp Ni(II) ions in samples containing Ni(II) ions, Pb(II) ions and a mixture of Ni(II) ions. and Pb(II) were determined, based on the results of the analysis, the ability of the adsorbent to adsorb Ni(II) ions was higher than the ability of the adsorbent to adsorb Pb(II) ions, in all types of samples.
{"title":"Synthesis of Nanomagnetite/Crosslinked Carboxymethyl kappa Carrageenan Nickel Imprinted Composite","authors":"I. Kusumaningrum, M. N. Fadilah, A. Wijaya, Habiddin Habiddin, Meliza Armaya","doi":"10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.3038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.3038","url":null,"abstract":"Nickel(II) ions are carcinogenic water pollutants. To increase the accuracy of instrumental analysis of Ni(II) content, several analytical preparation methods have been developed, including solid phase adsorption extraction. The development of magnetic solid phase extraction adsorbents for metal ions is required, to support the application of magnetic solid phase adsorption as a method of separating metal ions in aqueous samples. This research describes the synthesis of Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction adsorbents as Ni(II) ion adsorbents, nano magnetite/carboxymethyl kappa-carrageenan (CMKC) crosslinked bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) imprinted Ni(II)-IIP ion composites. This research was carried out in several stages, synthesis and characterization of nano magnetite (NM), synthesis and characterization of CMKC, and synthesis of NM/CMKCNi(II)-IIP adsorbents. The results of the synthesis were analyzed for morphological characteristics, magnetic strength, spectral characteristics, crystallinity, and composition using SEM, FTIR, XRD, and XRF instruments. The adsorption ability of Ni(II) of the adsorbent was tested. Determination of Ni(II) ion content in the sample before and after adsorption was carried out using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS). Based on the results of spectral character analysis, crystal diffraction patterns, magnetic strength, and morphology, it is confirmed that nano-magnetite has been successfully synthesized. The diameter of the nano magnetite grains is 21.8 nm, the adsorbent NM/CMKCNi(II)-IIP has magnetic properties and wavy surface morphology. The optimum adsorption ability of Ni(II) for the NM/CMKCNi(II)-IIP composite was 2.44 mg Ni(II)/g adsorbent. To evaluate the tendency of the adsorption ability of the adsorbent towards Ni(II) ions in the presence of competitor ions, the adsorption ability of the adsorbent to adsorp Ni(II) ions in samples containing Ni(II) ions, Pb(II) ions and a mixture of Ni(II) ions. and Pb(II) were determined, based on the results of the analysis, the ability of the adsorbent to adsorb Ni(II) ions was higher than the ability of the adsorbent to adsorb Pb(II) ions, in all types of samples.","PeriodicalId":18149,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"66 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89867454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-27DOI: 10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2843
Y. Zetra, Rhiby Ainur, Basit Hariyanto, R. Firmansyah, R. Burhan, Pusparatu
The present study aims to show the tribological properties of soybean oil's ethylene glycol ester (SOEGE) and its effect on low-sulfur diesel fuel lubrication. The SOEGE or 2-hydroxyethyl ester was synthesized by a transesterification reaction of soybean oil and ethylene glycol with a potassium carbonate catalyst. The product was characterized using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Then, the lubricity of commercial diesel fuel (Pertadex) and SOEGE were tested alone using the High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR) machine. Its mixture form with various product doses in Pertadex (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1% v/v) was also tested with the same apparatus. This study showed that the product's coefficient of friction and Wear Scar Diameters (WSD) were 0.057 and 154.4 m, respectively. This value is lower than Pertadex and Fatty Acids Methyl Ester (FAME) of Soybean oil from the literature. Furthermore, adding products into Pertadex can reduce the coefficient of friction and WSD of Pertadex. The Pertadex coefficient of friction was reduced from 0.161 to 0.135 after the addition of 0.8% product. At a concentration of 1% product, WSD Pertadex was successfully reduced by 39.42%. These phenomena imply that ester ethylene glycol has an excellent lubricating effect on low-sulfur diesel. This work's findings open opportunities for other researchers to develop alternative lubricating bio-additives for low-sulfur diesel through the in-depth study of tribochemistry or tribosurface.
{"title":"Lubricity Performance of Ethylene Glycol Ester from Soybean Oil as a Lubricity Enhancer Bio-Additive for Low-Sulfur Diesel Fuel","authors":"Y. Zetra, Rhiby Ainur, Basit Hariyanto, R. Firmansyah, R. Burhan, Pusparatu","doi":"10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2843","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aims to show the tribological properties of soybean oil's ethylene glycol ester (SOEGE) and its effect on low-sulfur diesel fuel lubrication. The SOEGE or 2-hydroxyethyl ester was synthesized by a transesterification reaction of soybean oil and ethylene glycol with a potassium carbonate catalyst. The product was characterized using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Then, the lubricity of commercial diesel fuel (Pertadex) and SOEGE were tested alone using the High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR) machine. Its mixture form with various product doses in Pertadex (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1% v/v) was also tested with the same apparatus. This study showed that the product's coefficient of friction and Wear Scar Diameters (WSD) were 0.057 and 154.4 m, respectively. This value is lower than Pertadex and Fatty Acids Methyl Ester (FAME) of Soybean oil from the literature. Furthermore, adding products into Pertadex can reduce the coefficient of friction and WSD of Pertadex. The Pertadex coefficient of friction was reduced from 0.161 to 0.135 after the addition of 0.8% product. At a concentration of 1% product, WSD Pertadex was successfully reduced by 39.42%. These phenomena imply that ester ethylene glycol has an excellent lubricating effect on low-sulfur diesel. This work's findings open opportunities for other researchers to develop alternative lubricating bio-additives for low-sulfur diesel through the in-depth study of tribochemistry or tribosurface.","PeriodicalId":18149,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"169 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72430403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-27DOI: 10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2946
Lim Jwee Yie, N. I. Khalid, M. R. Ismail‐Fitry
Buffalo meatballs were formulated and the effects of different comminution temperatures on the quality (cooking yield, water holding capacity (WHC), protein, texture, colour, and sensory) were evaluated. During the mixing of ingredients, the comminution temperature was adjusted using different types of water which were ice (0°C), ice water (4°C), cold water (10°C), room temperature water (22°C), and warm water (32°C). Following comminution for 3 minutes, the temperatures of the batters were recorded at 14, 25, 25, 29, and 27°C, respectively. The comminution took a total of 15 minutes had produced batters with similar final temperatures (ranging from 36 to 38°C), except ice temperature mixing (28°C). Cold water meatballs produced the highest cooking yield but significantly the lowest (P<0.05) water-holding capacity. The colour of the cold water meatball shows significantly (P<0.05) the highest L* (lightness), significantly (P>0.05) the lowest a* (redness), and the lowest b* (yellowness) values. While the textures (hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, and springiness) of all meatballs were similar (P>0.05). All meatball samples had nearly similar soluble protein concentrations (0.97 to 1.06 ug/ml) but ice water meatballs had the highest (P<0.05). The panellists gave all the meatballs a score ranging from 6.32 to 6.98, with ice meatballs receiving the highest mean score (6.98) acceptability score (P>0.05). In conclusion, comminuted buffalo meatballs can be produced using either ice, ice water, cold water, room temperature water, or warm water without affecting their quality. However, ice is suggested for safety purposes against microbial growth during processing.
{"title":"Quality Evaluation of Buffalo Meatballs Produced at Different Comminution Process Temperatures","authors":"Lim Jwee Yie, N. I. Khalid, M. R. Ismail‐Fitry","doi":"10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v19n4.2946","url":null,"abstract":"Buffalo meatballs were formulated and the effects of different comminution temperatures on the quality (cooking yield, water holding capacity (WHC), protein, texture, colour, and sensory) were evaluated. During the mixing of ingredients, the comminution temperature was adjusted using different types of water which were ice (0°C), ice water (4°C), cold water (10°C), room temperature water (22°C), and warm water (32°C). Following comminution for 3 minutes, the temperatures of the batters were recorded at 14, 25, 25, 29, and 27°C, respectively. The comminution took a total of 15 minutes had produced batters with similar final temperatures (ranging from 36 to 38°C), except ice temperature mixing (28°C). Cold water meatballs produced the highest cooking yield but significantly the lowest (P<0.05) water-holding capacity. The colour of the cold water meatball shows significantly (P<0.05) the highest L* (lightness), significantly (P>0.05) the lowest a* (redness), and the lowest b* (yellowness) values. While the textures (hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, and springiness) of all meatballs were similar (P>0.05). All meatball samples had nearly similar soluble protein concentrations (0.97 to 1.06 ug/ml) but ice water meatballs had the highest (P<0.05). The panellists gave all the meatballs a score ranging from 6.32 to 6.98, with ice meatballs receiving the highest mean score (6.98) acceptability score (P>0.05). In conclusion, comminuted buffalo meatballs can be produced using either ice, ice water, cold water, room temperature water, or warm water without affecting their quality. However, ice is suggested for safety purposes against microbial growth during processing.","PeriodicalId":18149,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85267989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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