Pub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.11113/mjfas.v19n6.3039
Dayana Chang, A. Janteng
Throughout this study, we propose a new subclass of bi-univalent functions by applying Sălăgean q-differential operator and denoted as LΣ_q^k (λ,ϕ). Further, we acquired the values of the initial coefficients |a_2 | and |a_3 | for functions f∈LΣ_q^k (λ,ϕ) which yield to this study’s preliminary result. Subsequently, the preliminary result was applied to obtain the upper bound of Fekete-Szegö inequality, |a_3-ρa_2^2 |, for functions f∈LΣ_q^k (λ,ϕ).
{"title":"Fekete-Szegö Inequality for a Subclass of Bi-univalent Functions by Applying Sălăgean q-Differential Operator","authors":"Dayana Chang, A. Janteng","doi":"10.11113/mjfas.v19n6.3039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v19n6.3039","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout this study, we propose a new subclass of bi-univalent functions by applying Sălăgean q-differential operator and denoted as LΣ_q^k (λ,ϕ). Further, we acquired the values of the initial coefficients |a_2 | and |a_3 | for functions f∈LΣ_q^k (λ,ϕ) which yield to this study’s preliminary result. Subsequently, the preliminary result was applied to obtain the upper bound of Fekete-Szegö inequality, |a_3-ρa_2^2 |, for functions f∈LΣ_q^k (λ,ϕ).","PeriodicalId":18149,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"78 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138604489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.379
Martins E. Irhebhude, None Adeola O Kolawole, None Michael Chinonye Izuegbu
The vehicle makes and model recognition (VMMR) is a challenging task due to the wide range of vehicle categories and similarities between different classes. Studies have shown that works have recognized vehicles of different countries' make and models. Popular vehicles on Nigerian roads may include products like; Toyota, Honda, Peugeot, Benz, Innoson Vehicle Manufacturing (IVM), etc. The VMMR is important in the intelligent transport system hence, this paper presents a handcrafted and transfer learning model to detect stationary vehicles and classify them based on brand, make, and model. A new dataset was introduced consisting of selected images of popular brands of vehicles driven on Nigerian roads. Framework for a vehicle make and model recognition was developed by extracting features using EfficientNet and HOG models and evaluated on the locally gathered datasets. For classification, a linear Support Machine Vector (SVM) was used. Experimental results showed 94.5% on HOG, 97% with EfficientNet, and 98.1% accuracy when HOG and EfficientNet features were concatenation. The proposed concatenated model outperformed HOG and EfficientNet extracted features by providing higher accuracy and confusion matrix with the highest number of classified images. The study shows the advantages of the proposed model in terms of its accuracy in terms of identifying the vehicle make and model.
{"title":"Handcrafted and Transfer Learned Feature Techniques for Vehicle Make and Model Recognition on Nigerian Road","authors":"Martins E. Irhebhude, None Adeola O Kolawole, None Michael Chinonye Izuegbu","doi":"10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.379","url":null,"abstract":"The vehicle makes and model recognition (VMMR) is a challenging task due to the wide range of vehicle categories and similarities between different classes. Studies have shown that works have recognized vehicles of different countries' make and models. Popular vehicles on Nigerian roads may include products like; Toyota, Honda, Peugeot, Benz, Innoson Vehicle Manufacturing (IVM), etc. The VMMR is important in the intelligent transport system hence, this paper presents a handcrafted and transfer learning model to detect stationary vehicles and classify them based on brand, make, and model. A new dataset was introduced consisting of selected images of popular brands of vehicles driven on Nigerian roads. Framework for a vehicle make and model recognition was developed by extracting features using EfficientNet and HOG models and evaluated on the locally gathered datasets. For classification, a linear Support Machine Vector (SVM) was used. Experimental results showed 94.5% on HOG, 97% with EfficientNet, and 98.1% accuracy when HOG and EfficientNet features were concatenation. The proposed concatenated model outperformed HOG and EfficientNet extracted features by providing higher accuracy and confusion matrix with the highest number of classified images. The study shows the advantages of the proposed model in terms of its accuracy in terms of identifying the vehicle make and model.","PeriodicalId":18149,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135871165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.366
Nurfatiha Akmal Fawwazah Abdullah-Fauzi, Nursyuhada Othman, Hidayah Haris, Farah Farhana Ramli, Nur Hartini Sariyati, Mohd Faudzir Najmuddin, Mohd Lokman Ilham-Norhakim, Muhammad Abu Bakar Abdul-Latiff
Ethnoichthyology, as a field of study, examines the indigenous knowledge held by ethnic groups concerning different fish species. Despite its significance in understanding traditional fishing practices and cultural connections to aquatic resources, data on fish species consumption among the Orang Asli Semelai community remain limited. Therefore, this ethnoichthyological preliminary study aims to address this research gap by documenting the fish species utilized by the Orang Asli Semelai in the Tasek Bera region of Pahang, Malaysia. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive survey and interview session were conducted with a small sample size of four randomly chosen respondents. The study identified 15 fish species solely consumed as food by the community. The most commonly consumed fish species were the Climbing Perch (Anabas testudineus) and Snakehead Murrel (Channa striata). Additionally, the study revealed the presence of the Critically Endangered Jullien's Golden Carp (Probarbus jullieni) among the consumed species, indicating the urgent need for conservation efforts. The findings underscore the significance of integrating sustainable fishing practices and conservation efforts to protect the unique ecosystem of Tasek Bera and preserve the cultural heritage of the Orang Asli Semelai community. Further comprehensive studies and collaborative approaches are vital to safeguarding the region's aquatic biodiversity and ensuring the community's food security sustainably.
民族鱼类学作为一个研究领域，研究各民族对不同鱼类的土著知识。尽管它在了解传统捕鱼方式和与水生资源的文化联系方面具有重要意义，但关于奥朗阿斯利塞麦莱社区鱼类消费的数据仍然有限。因此，本民族鱼学初步研究旨在通过记录马来西亚彭亨Tasek Bera地区的Orang Asli Semelai所利用的鱼类来解决这一研究空白。为了实现这一目标，我们进行了一次全面的调查和访谈，随机选择了四名受访者作为小样本。该研究确定了15种鱼类，它们完全被该社区作为食物食用。最常食用的鱼类是攀鲈(Anabas testudineus)和黑头鲈(Channa striata)。此外，研究发现，在消费物种中存在极度濒危的Jullien's Golden Carp (Probarbus jullieni)，表明迫切需要采取保护措施。调查结果强调了将可持续捕鱼方法与保护工作结合起来的重要性，以保护Tasek Bera独特的生态系统，并保护奥朗阿斯利塞梅莱社区的文化遗产。进一步的综合研究和合作方法对于保护该地区的水生生物多样性和确保社区可持续的粮食安全至关重要。
{"title":"Preliminary Ethnoichthyological Assessment: Fish Consumption Patterns among Orang Asli Semelai (Aborigines: Proto-Malay) in Tasek Bera, Pahang","authors":"Nurfatiha Akmal Fawwazah Abdullah-Fauzi, Nursyuhada Othman, Hidayah Haris, Farah Farhana Ramli, Nur Hartini Sariyati, Mohd Faudzir Najmuddin, Mohd Lokman Ilham-Norhakim, Muhammad Abu Bakar Abdul-Latiff","doi":"10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.366","url":null,"abstract":"Ethnoichthyology, as a field of study, examines the indigenous knowledge held by ethnic groups concerning different fish species. Despite its significance in understanding traditional fishing practices and cultural connections to aquatic resources, data on fish species consumption among the Orang Asli Semelai community remain limited. Therefore, this ethnoichthyological preliminary study aims to address this research gap by documenting the fish species utilized by the Orang Asli Semelai in the Tasek Bera region of Pahang, Malaysia. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive survey and interview session were conducted with a small sample size of four randomly chosen respondents. The study identified 15 fish species solely consumed as food by the community. The most commonly consumed fish species were the Climbing Perch (Anabas testudineus) and Snakehead Murrel (Channa striata). Additionally, the study revealed the presence of the Critically Endangered Jullien's Golden Carp (Probarbus jullieni) among the consumed species, indicating the urgent need for conservation efforts. The findings underscore the significance of integrating sustainable fishing practices and conservation efforts to protect the unique ecosystem of Tasek Bera and preserve the cultural heritage of the Orang Asli Semelai community. Further comprehensive studies and collaborative approaches are vital to safeguarding the region's aquatic biodiversity and ensuring the community's food security sustainably.","PeriodicalId":18149,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"46 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135871927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.357
Zubainun Mohamed Zabidi, Nurul Batrisyia Muhamad Suhaimy, Ahmad Nazib Alias, Nur Diyana Nazihah Fuadi, Nur Hanisah Hamzi
Carboxylic acids are organic compounds characterized by the presence of a carboxyl functional group capable of donating a proton and forming carboxylate ions in aqueous solutions. The carboxylic acid has widely been used in in manufacturing and medical applications. The rapid growth in carboxylic acid has established a need to predict its toxicity. The purpose of this paper to build predictive toxicity of carboxylic acid models by using five molecular descriptors (refractive index, The octanol/water partition coefficient (log P), acid dissociation constant (pKa), density, and dipole moment) through Machine Learning algorithms. The accuracy of the Machine Learning algorithm was determined by using three different types of models which are Decision Tree, Random Forest and k-Nearest Neighbour (k-NN). Among the machine learning algorithms used, we have determined that the decision tree is the best model for predicting the toxicity of carboxylic acid. This finding demonstrates that the decision tree model exhibits an acceptable level of performance in predicting toxicity within the field of toxicology.
{"title":"Prediction Of Carboxylic Acid Toxicity Using Machine Learning Model","authors":"Zubainun Mohamed Zabidi, Nurul Batrisyia Muhamad Suhaimy, Ahmad Nazib Alias, Nur Diyana Nazihah Fuadi, Nur Hanisah Hamzi","doi":"10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.357","url":null,"abstract":"Carboxylic acids are organic compounds characterized by the presence of a carboxyl functional group capable of donating a proton and forming carboxylate ions in aqueous solutions. The carboxylic acid has widely been used in in manufacturing and medical applications. The rapid growth in carboxylic acid has established a need to predict its toxicity. The purpose of this paper to build predictive toxicity of carboxylic acid models by using five molecular descriptors (refractive index, The octanol/water partition coefficient (log P), acid dissociation constant (pKa), density, and dipole moment) through Machine Learning algorithms. The accuracy of the Machine Learning algorithm was determined by using three different types of models which are Decision Tree, Random Forest and k-Nearest Neighbour (k-NN). Among the machine learning algorithms used, we have determined that the decision tree is the best model for predicting the toxicity of carboxylic acid. This finding demonstrates that the decision tree model exhibits an acceptable level of performance in predicting toxicity within the field of toxicology.","PeriodicalId":18149,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135872229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.368
Saiful Iskandar Khalit, None Ahmad Zaidi Hampden, Mohd Radzi Rahman
Aquaculture is the practice of cultivating and farming aquatic organisms under controlled conditions. High pH conditions, more toxic ammonia is present which can be harmful to aquatic organisms, particularly fish. The presence of ammonia in water can have implications for dissolved oxygen (DO) levels. The purpose of this study was to develop Internet of things (IoT) for measurement pH, DO and ammonia-nitrogen using Blynk platform. Additionally, the study aimed to determine physicochemical parameters trend in aquaponic system using IoT application. The reading of pH and DO from IoT sensor were collected from Blynk platform every ten seconds and ammonia nitrogen was observed twice a month. The presence of ammonia nitrogen in aquaponic system was determined using Nitrogen-ammonia reagent set, TNT, AmVer (Salicylate), High range. The data from this study were statistically analysed using Microsoft Excel 2019 to perform one-way ANOVA. Through this study, it could be concluded that internet accessibility is statistically significant to intention to use internet of things (IoT) application and the use of IoT sensors in aquaponic systems has yielded advantages
{"title":"Application of Internet of Things (Iot) for Physicochemical Parameters Measurement in The PVC and Bamboo Material","authors":"Saiful Iskandar Khalit, None Ahmad Zaidi Hampden, Mohd Radzi Rahman","doi":"10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.368","url":null,"abstract":"Aquaculture is the practice of cultivating and farming aquatic organisms under controlled conditions. High pH conditions, more toxic ammonia is present which can be harmful to aquatic organisms, particularly fish. The presence of ammonia in water can have implications for dissolved oxygen (DO) levels. The purpose of this study was to develop Internet of things (IoT) for measurement pH, DO and ammonia-nitrogen using Blynk platform. Additionally, the study aimed to determine physicochemical parameters trend in aquaponic system using IoT application. The reading of pH and DO from IoT sensor were collected from Blynk platform every ten seconds and ammonia nitrogen was observed twice a month. The presence of ammonia nitrogen in aquaponic system was determined using Nitrogen-ammonia reagent set, TNT, AmVer (Salicylate), High range. The data from this study were statistically analysed using Microsoft Excel 2019 to perform one-way ANOVA. Through this study, it could be concluded that internet accessibility is statistically significant to intention to use internet of things (IoT) application and the use of IoT sensors in aquaponic systems has yielded advantages","PeriodicalId":18149,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135872492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.380
Ireana Yusra Abdul Fatah, Nurliana Maisarah Mohd Nasir, Aamir Hussain Bhat, Siti Maryam Sharun
The floriculture industry plays a crucial role in the global economy by providing not only aesthetic value but also contributing significantly to agricultural employment and the export market. However, the efficiency and sustainability of SMEs in floriculture are often hindered by labourintensive practices, especially in the propagation of plants through stem cutting. This novel multifunction leaves stem cutting machine designed specifically to cater to the needs of SMEs in the floriculture sector. This machine serves the function to separate the flowers and leaves for selling purposes. It has gained lots of interest specifically in the flower-related field, florist businesses, and leaves extraction processes due to its convenient applications in separating the leaves from the flowers. However, readily available machines such as rose cutting machine are lack in it functions where it only operates only one function. The deficiency of the current product may cause serious injury to employees because the existing machine does not have good safety features that can avoid the workers being injured while carrying out the work. The objective of this study is to design, fabricate and test the functionality of the new system and ergonomic multifunction leaves stem cutting machine. The design was created by using Fusion 360 with the main part separating leaves, cutting the stem, washing part, and system part. All the processes will be carried out on the machine that have safety features that will not harm the user. The machine demonstrated exceptional performance including consistency of the machine that will benefits the SMEs with high productivity and lower production cost.
{"title":"Floriculture Industry: Multifunction Leaves Stem Cutting Machine for Small Medium-sized Enterprises","authors":"Ireana Yusra Abdul Fatah, Nurliana Maisarah Mohd Nasir, Aamir Hussain Bhat, Siti Maryam Sharun","doi":"10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.380","url":null,"abstract":"The floriculture industry plays a crucial role in the global economy by providing not only aesthetic value but also contributing significantly to agricultural employment and the export market. However, the efficiency and sustainability of SMEs in floriculture are often hindered by labourintensive practices, especially in the propagation of plants through stem cutting. This novel multifunction leaves stem cutting machine designed specifically to cater to the needs of SMEs in the floriculture sector. This machine serves the function to separate the flowers and leaves for selling purposes. It has gained lots of interest specifically in the flower-related field, florist businesses, and leaves extraction processes due to its convenient applications in separating the leaves from the flowers. However, readily available machines such as rose cutting machine are lack in it functions where it only operates only one function. The deficiency of the current product may cause serious injury to employees because the existing machine does not have good safety features that can avoid the workers being injured while carrying out the work. The objective of this study is to design, fabricate and test the functionality of the new system and ergonomic multifunction leaves stem cutting machine. The design was created by using Fusion 360 with the main part separating leaves, cutting the stem, washing part, and system part. All the processes will be carried out on the machine that have safety features that will not harm the user. The machine demonstrated exceptional performance including consistency of the machine that will benefits the SMEs with high productivity and lower production cost.","PeriodicalId":18149,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"182 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135872597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.353
Mohd Suffian Sulaiman, Farizul Azlan Maskan, Zuraidah Derasit, Noor Hasimah Ibrahim Teo
COVID-19 was first found in China in 2019. Since then, it has quickly spread around the world, which has led to a lot of news stories and social media posts about the pandemic. YouTube, a popular video-sharing website, has become a valuable source of information on COVID-19 and other topics. However, it can be difficult to extract useful insights from the vast array of user comments that accompany these videos. One potential method for understanding public sentiment is to use sentiment analysis, which involves classifying text as positive, negative, or neutral. In this study, the dataset of over 44,000 YouTube comments related to COVID-19 vaccines was used, which was filtered to a total of 16,073 comments for analysis. The data was cleaned and organised using NeatText and then processed using GloVe word embedding, a technique for establishing statistical relationships between words. Based on the experiment, the performances of three different types of deep learning techniques: recurrent neural networks (RNN), gated recurrent units (GRU) and long short-term memory (LSTM) are compared in accurately classifying the sentiment of the comments. The study found that the GRU had the highest accuracy of 80.19%, followed by the LSTM with 79.00% accuracy, and the RNN with 67.15% accuracy.
{"title":"Exploring YouTube Comments to Understand Public Sentiment on COVID-19 Vaccines through Deep Learning-based Sentiment Analysis","authors":"Mohd Suffian Sulaiman, Farizul Azlan Maskan, Zuraidah Derasit, Noor Hasimah Ibrahim Teo","doi":"10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.353","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 was first found in China in 2019. Since then, it has quickly spread around the world, which has led to a lot of news stories and social media posts about the pandemic. YouTube, a popular video-sharing website, has become a valuable source of information on COVID-19 and other topics. However, it can be difficult to extract useful insights from the vast array of user comments that accompany these videos. One potential method for understanding public sentiment is to use sentiment analysis, which involves classifying text as positive, negative, or neutral. In this study, the dataset of over 44,000 YouTube comments related to COVID-19 vaccines was used, which was filtered to a total of 16,073 comments for analysis. The data was cleaned and organised using NeatText and then processed using GloVe word embedding, a technique for establishing statistical relationships between words. Based on the experiment, the performances of three different types of deep learning techniques: recurrent neural networks (RNN), gated recurrent units (GRU) and long short-term memory (LSTM) are compared in accurately classifying the sentiment of the comments. The study found that the GRU had the highest accuracy of 80.19%, followed by the LSTM with 79.00% accuracy, and the RNN with 67.15% accuracy.","PeriodicalId":18149,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"175 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135870344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.373
Mohd Zuhairi Zakaria, Azman Azid, Mohd Saiful Samsudin, Ku Mohd Kaulkausar Ku Yusof
The debate on the applicability, cost-effectiveness, and efficiency of phytoremediation as a plant-based treatment to clean the environment is intensifying. Phytoremediation is the application of plants, microbes, nutrients, and/or agronomic techniques to soil, sediment, and water resources to contain or neutralize contaminants. Phytoremediation serves multiple goals, including soil stabilization, erosion control, and enhancement of wildlife habitat. Plants can absorb, translocate, transform, and immobilize hazardous metals, thereby lowering their toxicity and environmental concentration. This process is widely used in industry nowadays due to being both cost-effective and ecologically friendly. However, there is no denying that each process has its own pros and cons. There is no perfect process. Thus, this review aims to provide researchers of environmental science with a better understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of this method.
{"title":"Exploring the Feasibility and Effectiveness of Phytoremediation for Environmental Restoration: A Review","authors":"Mohd Zuhairi Zakaria, Azman Azid, Mohd Saiful Samsudin, Ku Mohd Kaulkausar Ku Yusof","doi":"10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.373","url":null,"abstract":"The debate on the applicability, cost-effectiveness, and efficiency of phytoremediation as a plant-based treatment to clean the environment is intensifying. Phytoremediation is the application of plants, microbes, nutrients, and/or agronomic techniques to soil, sediment, and water resources to contain or neutralize contaminants. Phytoremediation serves multiple goals, including soil stabilization, erosion control, and enhancement of wildlife habitat. Plants can absorb, translocate, transform, and immobilize hazardous metals, thereby lowering their toxicity and environmental concentration. This process is widely used in industry nowadays due to being both cost-effective and ecologically friendly. However, there is no denying that each process has its own pros and cons. There is no perfect process. Thus, this review aims to provide researchers of environmental science with a better understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of this method.","PeriodicalId":18149,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"3 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.372
Tengku Farizan Izzi Che Ku Jusoh, None Siti Aisyah, None Gani H. S. M, None Yusof N. Z, None Nurhayati Y.
Kaya toast is a common choice for traditional Malaysian home breakfasts. Kaya, a spread made from eggs, sugar, coconut milk, and sometimes edible starch, is notable for its elevated levels of fat and sugar, contributing to its calorie content. In order to improve its nutritional content, pumpkin puree was supplemented into the kaya formulations. The objectives of the present study were to determine the sensory descriptive profile and consumer acceptability of kaya supplemented with different percentages of pumpkin puree (control: 0%, F1: 20%, F2: 40% and F3: 60%), as well as to evaluate the relationship between the instruments, descriptive and consumer acceptability data. The quality of kaya was evaluated by 10 trained (quantitative descriptive analysis) and 40 untrained (consumer testing) panelists. For instrumental measurements, the kaya was evaluated for its colour, texture and observed under optical microscope. The instrumental data of colour and texture were in good agreement to the one evaluated by the trained panelists. The colour of the kaya became more orangey (decreasing L* values and increasing a* values) with an increase in the amount of pumpkin puree. A higher amount of pumpkin puree resulted in a rougher, firmer, less sticky and less spreadable kaya. The kaya made with 60% pumpkin puree exhibited the softest texture due to the absence of eggs. Among the formulations, kaya supplemented with 20% pumpkin puree was rated the highest acceptance by consumer, thus indicates that consumer prefer kaya that quite similar to control.
{"title":"Instrumental Measurement, Sensory Descriptive Analysis and Consumer Acceptability of “Kaya” Supplemented with Pumpkin Puree","authors":"Tengku Farizan Izzi Che Ku Jusoh, None Siti Aisyah, None Gani H. S. M, None Yusof N. Z, None Nurhayati Y.","doi":"10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.372","url":null,"abstract":"Kaya toast is a common choice for traditional Malaysian home breakfasts. Kaya, a spread made from eggs, sugar, coconut milk, and sometimes edible starch, is notable for its elevated levels of fat and sugar, contributing to its calorie content. In order to improve its nutritional content, pumpkin puree was supplemented into the kaya formulations. The objectives of the present study were to determine the sensory descriptive profile and consumer acceptability of kaya supplemented with different percentages of pumpkin puree (control: 0%, F1: 20%, F2: 40% and F3: 60%), as well as to evaluate the relationship between the instruments, descriptive and consumer acceptability data. The quality of kaya was evaluated by 10 trained (quantitative descriptive analysis) and 40 untrained (consumer testing) panelists. For instrumental measurements, the kaya was evaluated for its colour, texture and observed under optical microscope. The instrumental data of colour and texture were in good agreement to the one evaluated by the trained panelists. The colour of the kaya became more orangey (decreasing L* values and increasing a* values) with an increase in the amount of pumpkin puree. A higher amount of pumpkin puree resulted in a rougher, firmer, less sticky and less spreadable kaya. The kaya made with 60% pumpkin puree exhibited the softest texture due to the absence of eggs. Among the formulations, kaya supplemented with 20% pumpkin puree was rated the highest acceptance by consumer, thus indicates that consumer prefer kaya that quite similar to control.","PeriodicalId":18149,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135871968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.349
Dayyabu Shehu, Yahuza Gimba Muhammed, Salamatu Abdullahi, Murtala Ya'u, Salihu Ibrahim, Abba Babandi, Hafeez Muhammad Yakasai, Kamaludden Babagana, Abdurrazak Muhammad
Because of their ubiquitous nature, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely dispersed in the environment as a result of both natural and human processes. One of the ways to deal with the harmful effects of these chemicals is through the use of microorganisms capable of degrading the pollutants. A petrochemical contaminated site was searched for these microbes. Eleven bacterial strains were obtained in this work using the culture enrichment technique on Bushnell Hass medium supplemented with (naphthalene, anthracene, and phenanthrene) as the only source of energy. Enumeration utilizing the spread-plate technique and liquid media were used to examine the PAH breakdown capacities of bacterial strains. The isolates were identified using standard methods of morphological and biochemical identifications. Furthermore, 16sRNA was utilized in order to classify the isolates at molecular level. The presence of PAHs degrading genes was also analysed in the isolates. Four isolates (G1, G2, G5, and G6) out of a total of eleven were able to tolerate and degrade the test PAH's up to 600 mg/l in liquid media. Isolate G1 showed the highest growth during screening followed by G6 while there were no differences between the other two isolates as demonstrated by an increase in their optical densities after 120 hours of incubation. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and molecular phylogenetic analysis, the isolate was identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri, Stenetrophomonas sp, Pseudomonas lactis, and Achromobacterxylosoxidans with the accession numbers OM039162, OM52851, OM52852, and OM52853 respectively. Fragments of 350 bp, 350 bp, and 867 bp for ring hydroxylating dioxygenase (RHD), hydratase-aldolase, and catechol 2, 3-dioxygenase were obtained from partial PCR amplification of catabolic genes, demonstrating the presence of a PAH degradation pathway in the organisms. These isolates have great potential for application in the bioremediation of PAHs-contaminated sites.
{"title":"Isolation and Molecular Characterisation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Degrading Bacteria from Petrochemical Contaminated Soil","authors":"Dayyabu Shehu, Yahuza Gimba Muhammed, Salamatu Abdullahi, Murtala Ya'u, Salihu Ibrahim, Abba Babandi, Hafeez Muhammad Yakasai, Kamaludden Babagana, Abdurrazak Muhammad","doi":"10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37231/myjas.2023.8.2.349","url":null,"abstract":"Because of their ubiquitous nature, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely dispersed in the environment as a result of both natural and human processes. One of the ways to deal with the harmful effects of these chemicals is through the use of microorganisms capable of degrading the pollutants. A petrochemical contaminated site was searched for these microbes. Eleven bacterial strains were obtained in this work using the culture enrichment technique on Bushnell Hass medium supplemented with (naphthalene, anthracene, and phenanthrene) as the only source of energy. Enumeration utilizing the spread-plate technique and liquid media were used to examine the PAH breakdown capacities of bacterial strains. The isolates were identified using standard methods of morphological and biochemical identifications. Furthermore, 16sRNA was utilized in order to classify the isolates at molecular level. The presence of PAHs degrading genes was also analysed in the isolates. Four isolates (G1, G2, G5, and G6) out of a total of eleven were able to tolerate and degrade the test PAH's up to 600 mg/l in liquid media. Isolate G1 showed the highest growth during screening followed by G6 while there were no differences between the other two isolates as demonstrated by an increase in their optical densities after 120 hours of incubation. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and molecular phylogenetic analysis, the isolate was identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri, Stenetrophomonas sp, Pseudomonas lactis, and Achromobacterxylosoxidans with the accession numbers OM039162, OM52851, OM52852, and OM52853 respectively. Fragments of 350 bp, 350 bp, and 867 bp for ring hydroxylating dioxygenase (RHD), hydratase-aldolase, and catechol 2, 3-dioxygenase were obtained from partial PCR amplification of catabolic genes, demonstrating the presence of a PAH degradation pathway in the organisms. These isolates have great potential for application in the bioremediation of PAHs-contaminated sites.","PeriodicalId":18149,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences","volume":"99 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135871875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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