C. Nandini, D. Savithramma, Pushpa Doddaraju, Pavan Kumar
Groundnut is world important oilseed crop; productivity is low in the semi-arid regions due to frequent occurrence of drought. Identification of genotypes that have a greater ability to use limited available water is important to enhance productivity of the crop. Water Use Efficiency (WUE) is one such important trait, which increases yield under drought situation. Low level of DNA polymorphism has been detected in most of the laboratories due to allotetraploid nature. In the present study two parental lines of Recombinant Inbred line population NRCG12568 and NRCG12326 diverse for WUE related trait, such as Carbon Isotopic Discrimination (D13C), Specific Leaf Area (SLA) and SPAD chlorophyll meter reading were studied for polymorphism using 350 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Out of these, only 119 (34%) markers showed polymorphism in NRCG12568 and NRCG12326. Detection of polymorphism opens up the possibility of use of these markers for QTL map development for D13C in groundnut.
{"title":"Polymorphic SSR marker identification for water use efficiency in groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.)parental lines","authors":"C. Nandini, D. Savithramma, Pushpa Doddaraju, Pavan Kumar","doi":"10.18805/LR-3980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-3980","url":null,"abstract":"Groundnut is world important oilseed crop; productivity is low in the semi-arid regions due to frequent occurrence of drought. Identification of genotypes that have a greater ability to use limited available water is important to enhance productivity of the crop. Water Use Efficiency (WUE) is one such important trait, which increases yield under drought situation. Low level of DNA polymorphism has been detected in most of the laboratories due to allotetraploid nature. In the present study two parental lines of Recombinant Inbred line population NRCG12568 and NRCG12326 diverse for WUE related trait, such as Carbon Isotopic Discrimination (D13C), Specific Leaf Area (SLA) and SPAD chlorophyll meter reading were studied for polymorphism using 350 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Out of these, only 119 (34%) markers showed polymorphism in NRCG12568 and NRCG12326. Detection of polymorphism opens up the possibility of use of these markers for QTL map development for D13C in groundnut.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74670631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The performance of neem based agroforestry system was studied during 2016-17 under rainfed ecosystem on farmers’ fields on participatory mode in Yadagir district in the North-eastern dry zone (Zone II) of Karnataka. Grain and biomass yields and harvest index of pigeonpea did not vary significantly among the agroforestry systems. However, significantly lower grain (1192 kg ha-1) and biomass (5563 kg ha-1) yields of pigeonpea were recorded at 5 m distance away from the neem tree line (P=0.05) compared to the distances of 10 m ( 1450 and 6942 kg ha-1, respectively) and 15 m (1449 and 6720 kg ha-1, respectively) away from the tree line. Significantly higher grain yield (1520 kg ha-1) was observed in control without any proximity of trees compared to the agroforestry systems which accounted for a mean reduction of 11 per cent in yield. Among different agroforestry systems, significantly higher tree height was recorded in bund planting (7.61m) followed by boundary planting (7.38 m) and scattered planting (6.46 m) whereas the crown spread recorded was significantly lower in bund planting (6.27 m) followed by scattered planting (6.38 m) and boundary planting (6.68 m). There also existed non-significant difference in girth, volume and biomass of neem trees grown in different agroforestry systems. Further, the physicochemical properties of soil were found improved in agroforestry systems compared to control and the trend varied among the different agroforestry systems
以卡纳塔克邦东北部旱区(II区)亚达吉尔区为研究对象，采用参与式模式，研究了2016- 2017年旱作生态系统下农民田间印楝复合农林业系统的绩效。不同农林业系统间鸽豆的籽粒和生物量产量及收获指数差异不显著。与10 m(分别为1450和6942 kg ha-1)和15 m(分别为1449和6720 kg ha-1)相比，距楝树株系5 m处的籽粒产量(1192 kg ha-1)和生物量(5563 kg ha-1)显著降低(P=0.05)。与农林业系统相比，在没有接近树木的情况下，对照的粮食产量显著提高(1520公斤每公顷)，农林业系统的产量平均降低11%。不同农林业系统中，印楝树的树高以带状种植(7.61m)最高，其次为边界种植(7.38 m)和分散种植(6.46 m)，树冠铺展以带状种植(6.27 m)次之，其次为分散种植(6.38 m)和边界种植(6.68 m)，不同农林业系统中印楝树的周长、体积和生物量差异不显著。此外，与对照相比，农林业系统改善了土壤的理化性质，并且不同农林业系统之间的趋势有所不同
{"title":"On-farm evaluation of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajana L. Millsp.) - neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) agroforestry systems in the Deccan Plateau","authors":"Doddabasawa, B. Chittapur, M. Murthy","doi":"10.18805/LR-3941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-3941","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of neem based agroforestry system was studied during 2016-17 under rainfed ecosystem on farmers’ fields on participatory mode in Yadagir district in the North-eastern dry zone (Zone II) of Karnataka. Grain and biomass yields and harvest index of pigeonpea did not vary significantly among the agroforestry systems. However, significantly lower grain (1192 kg ha-1) and biomass (5563 kg ha-1) yields of pigeonpea were recorded at 5 m distance away from the neem tree line (P=0.05) compared to the distances of 10 m ( 1450 and 6942 kg ha-1, respectively) and 15 m (1449 and 6720 kg ha-1, respectively) away from the tree line. Significantly higher grain yield (1520 kg ha-1) was observed in control without any proximity of trees compared to the agroforestry systems which accounted for a mean reduction of 11 per cent in yield. Among different agroforestry systems, significantly higher tree height was recorded in bund planting (7.61m) followed by boundary planting (7.38 m) and scattered planting (6.46 m) whereas the crown spread recorded was significantly lower in bund planting (6.27 m) followed by scattered planting (6.38 m) and boundary planting (6.68 m). There also existed non-significant difference in girth, volume and biomass of neem trees grown in different agroforestry systems. Further, the physicochemical properties of soil were found improved in agroforestry systems compared to control and the trend varied among the different agroforestry systems","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73966436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was conducted to evaluate the differences in photosynthetic parameters and antioxidant enzyme activity among two genotypes of soybean (Glycine max L.) in response to salinity stress. Ten-day-old seedlings, grown hydroponically, were treated with 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150 mM NaCl for 7 days and analysed for the traits as biomarkers for identification of salt-tolerant soybean genotype. It was observed that NaCl stress caused severe impairments in photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll content in both the genotypes, but the damage were much more pronounced in salt-sensitive genotype VL SOYA-47. Moreover, chlorophyll fluorescence measurements showed higher non-photochemical quenching in genotype VL SOYA-47 and lower in genotype VL SOYA-21. The antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase) was observed much higher in VL SOYA-21 than in VL SOYA-47 at various levels of NaCl treatments. From the results, it could be suggested that VL SOYA-21 is the salt tolerant and VL SOYA-47 is a salt sensitive soybean genotype. The tolerance capacity of VL SOYA-21 against NaCl stress can be related with the ability of this genotype in possessing vital photosynthetic system and ROS scavenging capacity.
研究了2个基因型大豆(Glycine max L.)光合参数和抗氧化酶活性在盐胁迫下的差异。用0、25、50、75、100、125和150 mM NaCl处理10 d的大豆幼苗，分析其性状，作为耐盐大豆基因型鉴定的生物标志物。结果表明，NaCl胁迫对两种基因型大豆的光合速率、叶绿素荧光和叶绿素含量均造成严重损害，但对盐敏感的VL SOYA-47受到的损害更为明显。此外，叶绿素荧光测量显示，基因型VL SOYA-47的非光化学猝灭程度较高，而基因型VL SOYA-21的非光化学猝灭程度较低。在不同NaCl处理下，大豆抗氧化酶活性(超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶)均显著高于大豆大豆47。结果表明，VL SOYA-21为耐盐大豆基因型，VL SOYA-47为盐敏感大豆基因型。VL soy -21对NaCl胁迫的耐受能力可能与该基因型具有重要的光合系统和清除ROS的能力有关。
{"title":"Salinity stress phenotyping for soybean (Glycine max L.) for Middle East Asia","authors":"F. Khan","doi":"10.18805/LR-375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-375","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted to evaluate the differences in photosynthetic parameters and antioxidant enzyme activity among two genotypes of soybean (Glycine max L.) in response to salinity stress. Ten-day-old seedlings, grown hydroponically, were treated with 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150 mM NaCl for 7 days and analysed for the traits as biomarkers for identification of salt-tolerant soybean genotype. It was observed that NaCl stress caused severe impairments in photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll content in both the genotypes, but the damage were much more pronounced in salt-sensitive genotype VL SOYA-47. Moreover, chlorophyll fluorescence measurements showed higher non-photochemical quenching in genotype VL SOYA-47 and lower in genotype VL SOYA-21. The antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase) was observed much higher in VL SOYA-21 than in VL SOYA-47 at various levels of NaCl treatments. From the results, it could be suggested that VL SOYA-21 is the salt tolerant and VL SOYA-47 is a salt sensitive soybean genotype. The tolerance capacity of VL SOYA-21 against NaCl stress can be related with the ability of this genotype in possessing vital photosynthetic system and ROS scavenging capacity.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88871951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Present investigation has been undertaken to study the induction of mutation by individual and combination treatments of EMS and gamma rays in three diverged genotypes of grasspea viz. Nirmal, Biol-212 and Berhampur Local. Combination treatments caused the more biological damage (lethality, injury and sterility) followed by gamma rays and EMS alone. The LD50 dose of gamma rays for Nirmal, Biol-212 and Berhampur Local corresponded to 590 Gy, 630 Gy and 539 Gy respectively. Above 0.5% EMS for Nirmal and Biol-212 and above 1% EMS in case of Berhampur Local was found to be lethal. Average total mutation frequency of three varieties together was highest (6.32 %) in gamma radiation followed by both EMS and combination treatment (5.8%). The most efficient dose/concentration of gamma rays and EMS were found to be 400 Gy and 0.5% EMS respectively. Mutagenic efficiency increases and effectiveness decreases with increasing concentration of EMS but the consequence was showed almost inverse relationship in case of gamma rays. Overall, irrespective of genotypes, gamma rays and EMS respectively were found to be most efficient and effective mutagen.
{"title":"Ems and gamma radiation induced mutation in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.)","authors":"Prabhat K. Singh, R. Sadhukhan","doi":"10.18805/LR-3981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-3981","url":null,"abstract":"Present investigation has been undertaken to study the induction of mutation by individual and combination treatments of EMS and gamma rays in three diverged genotypes of grasspea viz. Nirmal, Biol-212 and Berhampur Local. Combination treatments caused the more biological damage (lethality, injury and sterility) followed by gamma rays and EMS alone. The LD50 dose of gamma rays for Nirmal, Biol-212 and Berhampur Local corresponded to 590 Gy, 630 Gy and 539 Gy respectively. Above 0.5% EMS for Nirmal and Biol-212 and above 1% EMS in case of Berhampur Local was found to be lethal. Average total mutation frequency of three varieties together was highest (6.32 %) in gamma radiation followed by both EMS and combination treatment (5.8%). The most efficient dose/concentration of gamma rays and EMS were found to be 400 Gy and 0.5% EMS respectively. Mutagenic efficiency increases and effectiveness decreases with increasing concentration of EMS but the consequence was showed almost inverse relationship in case of gamma rays. Overall, irrespective of genotypes, gamma rays and EMS respectively were found to be most efficient and effective mutagen.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82388853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Muniswamy, R. Lokesha, R. Saxena, B. Fakrudin, K. Patel, Yamanura
The present investigation was carried out using 191genotypes as mini core collections of pigeonpea along with 5 check varieties to know the genetic diversity at molecular level. Significant variation was observed by the way of analysis of variance for nine characters viz., days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of branches per plant, pod bearing length, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant and hundred seed weight. Molecular diversity using 18 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers divided genotypes into 15 clusters, of which ICP11059 and AK-101 were solitary, indicating their distinctiveness among all genotypes. Similarly, BSMR-533, JKM-7, RVK-285, ICP-1126, ICP-348, ICP-6859 and ICP-7869 were found distinct among the genotypes. Geographical origin based diversity separated Indian and non Indian genotypes. The Un weighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean (UPGMA) based dendrogram indicated distinctiveness of ICP-13633 and Bennur local, as they formed solitary cluster. The SSR marker CcM 602, as it could differentiate 4 genotypes at different base pair size can be used for identification and finger printing of genotypes.
本研究以191个基因型和5个对照品种为研究对象，从分子水平上了解遗传多样性。通过方差分析，在开花至50%天数、成熟天数、株高、单株分枝数、荚果长、单株荚果数、单株种子数、单株种子产量和百粒重9个性状上观察到显著差异。利用18个多态简单序列重复(SSR)标记的分子多样性将基因型划分为15个簇，其中ICP11059和AK-101为孤立簇，表明它们在所有基因型中具有差异性。同样，BSMR-533、JKM-7、RVK-285、ICP-1126、ICP-348、ICP-6859和ICP-7869在基因型中存在差异。基于地理起源的多样性区分了印度和非印度基因型。基于UPGMA的非加权对群法(unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean, UPGMA)的树形图显示，ICP-13633与Bennur局域具有独特性，因为它们形成了孤簇。SSR标记CcM 602可以区分不同碱基对大小的4种基因型，可用于基因型的鉴定和指纹图谱。
{"title":"Molecular dissection of genetic diversity in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp.] minicore collection","authors":"S. Muniswamy, R. Lokesha, R. Saxena, B. Fakrudin, K. Patel, Yamanura","doi":"10.18805/lr-3817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/lr-3817","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation was carried out using 191genotypes as mini core collections of pigeonpea along with 5 check varieties to know the genetic diversity at molecular level. Significant variation was observed by the way of analysis of variance for nine characters viz., days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of branches per plant, pod bearing length, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant and hundred seed weight. Molecular diversity using 18 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers divided genotypes into 15 clusters, of which ICP11059 and AK-101 were solitary, indicating their distinctiveness among all genotypes. Similarly, BSMR-533, JKM-7, RVK-285, ICP-1126, ICP-348, ICP-6859 and ICP-7869 were found distinct among the genotypes. Geographical origin based diversity separated Indian and non Indian genotypes. The Un weighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean (UPGMA) based dendrogram indicated distinctiveness of ICP-13633 and Bennur local, as they formed solitary cluster. The SSR marker CcM 602, as it could differentiate 4 genotypes at different base pair size can be used for identification and finger printing of genotypes.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78225211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nageshwar, B. Kumar, Hariom Suman, A. H. Madakemohekar, Dattesh Tamatam
This experiment was conducted to determine the general and specific combining abilities and heterosis for grain yield and yield associated traits in pea as a source of protein through line x tester analysis. Grain yield and its inheritance were carried out for investigation through a 12 x 3 line x tester analysis. Experimental materials comprising 15 parents and their 36 hybrids. The materials were planted in a randomized block design with three replications. The general combining ability and Specific combining ability effects were significant indicating the presence of both additive and non-additive types of gene actions. Heterosis was determined as the superiority over mid parent heterosis as well as better parent (HBP). Grain yield showed highly significant heterosis ranging from -36.29 to 8.77and relative heterosis ranged from -25.85 to 13.19 respectively.
{"title":"Combining ability and Heterosis analysis for grain yield and yield associated traits in Pea (Pisum sativum L.)","authors":"Nageshwar, B. Kumar, Hariom Suman, A. H. Madakemohekar, Dattesh Tamatam","doi":"10.18805/LR-3955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-3955","url":null,"abstract":"This experiment was conducted to determine the general and specific combining abilities and heterosis for grain yield and yield associated traits in pea as a source of protein through line x tester analysis. Grain yield and its inheritance were carried out for investigation through a 12 x 3 line x tester analysis. Experimental materials comprising 15 parents and their 36 hybrids. The materials were planted in a randomized block design with three replications. The general combining ability and Specific combining ability effects were significant indicating the presence of both additive and non-additive types of gene actions. Heterosis was determined as the superiority over mid parent heterosis as well as better parent (HBP). Grain yield showed highly significant heterosis ranging from -36.29 to 8.77and relative heterosis ranged from -25.85 to 13.19 respectively.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89863439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The major biotic stresses limiting productivity of pigeon pea includes weeds and various diseases like wilt, sterility mosaic virus, blight and pests as pod-borer, pod-fly in field and bruchids in field as well as in storage. Results of on farm trials revealed significant impact of adoption of management techniques of biotic stresses on seed yield, net profit and benefit cost ratio as compared to existing practices of pigeon pea cultivation. Scientific management of weed, pod borer and wilt was increased in seed yield by 26.2, 46.1 and 12.2%, while saving of seed by 23.6% from bruchids compared with existing practice, respectively. Among biotic management practices, higher additional cost was observed on weed management (Rs. 2,974 ha-1) and it was minimum on pod borer management (Rs. 798 ha-1) compared with existing practices. Accordingly, additional maximum net returns were obtained with pod borer (Rs. 24,805 ha-1) and minimum with wilt (Rs. 9,401 ha-1). Interventions of biotic stresses management were significantly influenced the output, use-efficiency, productivity and net gains of energy compared to existing practices. Maximum additional net energy gain was in management of weed (25,649 MJ ha-1) followed by pod borer (13,349 MJ ha-1), bruchid (8,390 MJ ha-1) and wilt (5,325 MJ ha-1). After harvest of second crop of pigeon pea, organic carbon, bulk density, infiltration rate and available N, P, K, S and Zn were significantly increased with weed and wilt management over existing practice. Management of biotic stresses by proper technologies increased the productivity of pigeon pea of three folds (2.12 to 2.33 t ha-1) compared to its average productivity of India and also increased economic benefits and energy outcomes.
{"title":"Impact of biotic stress management technologies on yield, economics and energy indices of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) grown in Central India","authors":"Y. Singh, Sanjeev Tomar, Sudhir Kumar Singh","doi":"10.18805/LR-3953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-3953","url":null,"abstract":"The major biotic stresses limiting productivity of pigeon pea includes weeds and various diseases like wilt, sterility mosaic virus, blight and pests as pod-borer, pod-fly in field and bruchids in field as well as in storage. Results of on farm trials revealed significant impact of adoption of management techniques of biotic stresses on seed yield, net profit and benefit cost ratio as compared to existing practices of pigeon pea cultivation. Scientific management of weed, pod borer and wilt was increased in seed yield by 26.2, 46.1 and 12.2%, while saving of seed by 23.6% from bruchids compared with existing practice, respectively. Among biotic management practices, higher additional cost was observed on weed management (Rs. 2,974 ha-1) and it was minimum on pod borer management (Rs. 798 ha-1) compared with existing practices. Accordingly, additional maximum net returns were obtained with pod borer (Rs. 24,805 ha-1) and minimum with wilt (Rs. 9,401 ha-1). Interventions of biotic stresses management were significantly influenced the output, use-efficiency, productivity and net gains of energy compared to existing practices. Maximum additional net energy gain was in management of weed (25,649 MJ ha-1) followed by pod borer (13,349 MJ ha-1), bruchid (8,390 MJ ha-1) and wilt (5,325 MJ ha-1). After harvest of second crop of pigeon pea, organic carbon, bulk density, infiltration rate and available N, P, K, S and Zn were significantly increased with weed and wilt management over existing practice. Management of biotic stresses by proper technologies increased the productivity of pigeon pea of three folds (2.12 to 2.33 t ha-1) compared to its average productivity of India and also increased economic benefits and energy outcomes.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83028644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Most leguminous crops including lentil require neutral to slightly acidic range of soil pH for favourable nodulation and nitrogen fixation. The quest for acid soil compatible Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae strain is important for promotion of lentil crop under rice-lentil rotation in acid soil regions. In this investigation, native R. leguminosarum strains were isolated from the nodules of pea plants grown in pots using acid soil and isolated native Rhizobium strains were confirmed on CRYEMA (congo red Yeast Extract Mannitol Agar) media. Four native R. leguminosarum strains (NR1, NR2, NR3 and NR4) obtained from four acid soil types were further screened for nodulation efficiency and yield attributes of lentil crop against a reference exotic strain R. leguminosarum CK1 (ER). The results indicated that the performance of native Rhizobium strain (NR2) was the best among native isolates and performed on par with the reference strain (CK1) in acid soils of Meghalaya.
{"title":"Evaluation of native Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae of pea plants (Pisum sativum L.) for nodulation efficiency and yield promotion in lentil crop (Lens culnaris Medik.) under acid soil","authors":"Christy, B. K. Sangma, D. Thakuria","doi":"10.18805/LR-4001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-4001","url":null,"abstract":"Most leguminous crops including lentil require neutral to slightly acidic range of soil pH for favourable nodulation and nitrogen fixation. The quest for acid soil compatible Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae strain is important for promotion of lentil crop under rice-lentil rotation in acid soil regions. In this investigation, native R. leguminosarum strains were isolated from the nodules of pea plants grown in pots using acid soil and isolated native Rhizobium strains were confirmed on CRYEMA (congo red Yeast Extract Mannitol Agar) media. Four native R. leguminosarum strains (NR1, NR2, NR3 and NR4) obtained from four acid soil types were further screened for nodulation efficiency and yield attributes of lentil crop against a reference exotic strain R. leguminosarum CK1 (ER). The results indicated that the performance of native Rhizobium strain (NR2) was the best among native isolates and performed on par with the reference strain (CK1) in acid soils of Meghalaya.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80270175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study the antibacterial activity of the ethanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts from the seeds, roots and shoots of Lotus aegaeus, Lotus angustissimus, Lotus corniculatus, Lotus gebelia, Lotus palustris populations grown naturally in Turkey were investigated by using the disc diffusion and agar dilution method, against main plant pathogenic bacteria (Clavibacter michiganensis, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Erwinia caratovora, Pseudomonas phaseolicola). According to results, the shoot ethyl acetate extract of L. aegaeus and shoot extracts of L. corniculatus against C. michiganensis and shoot extracts of all solvents of L. angustissimus against P. phaseolicola showed high antibacterial activity. This is the first report of antibacterial activity of the Lotus species against plant pathogens. In the study these stated effective extracts showed higher antibacterial effects by comparison with used chemical preservatives against sensitive bacteria. This study offers that active compounds present in Lotus species could play a big role in naturally plant preservation against plant diseases.
{"title":"Antibacterial activity of the seeds, roots and shoots of Lotus populations","authors":"G. Demirkol","doi":"10.18805/LR-408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-408","url":null,"abstract":"In this study the antibacterial activity of the ethanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts from the seeds, roots and shoots of Lotus aegaeus, Lotus angustissimus, Lotus corniculatus, Lotus gebelia, Lotus palustris populations grown naturally in Turkey were investigated by using the disc diffusion and agar dilution method, against main plant pathogenic bacteria (Clavibacter michiganensis, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Erwinia caratovora, Pseudomonas phaseolicola). According to results, the shoot ethyl acetate extract of L. aegaeus and shoot extracts of L. corniculatus against C. michiganensis and shoot extracts of all solvents of L. angustissimus against P. phaseolicola showed high antibacterial activity. This is the first report of antibacterial activity of the Lotus species against plant pathogens. In the study these stated effective extracts showed higher antibacterial effects by comparison with used chemical preservatives against sensitive bacteria. This study offers that active compounds present in Lotus species could play a big role in naturally plant preservation against plant diseases.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75154344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research was carried out to determine the effects of different mixture ratios and cutting times on dry-matter yield and silage quality of mixtures of bersem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) with Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in Adana province, Turkey. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with four replications during the years of 2011-2013. The mixture-ratios ( 80% BC + 20% IR, 60% BC + % 40 IR, 40% BC+ % 60 IR, 20% BC + 80 % IR, pure berseem clover (BC) and Italian ryegrass (IR) ) were main plots, and harvest times (beginning of the flowering, mid flowering and full flowering of BC) were sub-plots. From the result of the study, it was concluded that the mixture of 60 % BC +40 % IR harvested at full flowering of BC was superior in terms of dry matter yield and silage quality.
{"title":"Effects of mixture ratio and cutting time on forage yield and silage quality of intercropped berseem clover and italian ryegrass","authors":"Celal Yücel, İlker İnal, D. Yücel, R. Hatipoğlu","doi":"10.18805/LR-400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-400","url":null,"abstract":"The research was carried out to determine the effects of different mixture ratios and cutting times on dry-matter yield and silage quality of mixtures of bersem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) with Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in Adana province, Turkey. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with four replications during the years of 2011-2013. The mixture-ratios ( 80% BC + 20% IR, 60% BC + % 40 IR, 40% BC+ % 60 IR, 20% BC + 80 % IR, pure berseem clover (BC) and Italian ryegrass (IR) ) were main plots, and harvest times (beginning of the flowering, mid flowering and full flowering of BC) were sub-plots. From the result of the study, it was concluded that the mixture of 60 % BC +40 % IR harvested at full flowering of BC was superior in terms of dry matter yield and silage quality.","PeriodicalId":18181,"journal":{"name":"Legume Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90762557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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