Chellamuthu Ramesh Kumar, S. Baskar, G. Ramesh, Pathinettampadian Gurusamy, T. Maridurai
In this research, investigations were carried out on Al6061 base alloy with the changing weight percentage of silicon carbide (SiC) and boron carbide (B4C) with keeping the amount of talc constant. The main objective of this present study was to improve the wear resistance of aluminum alloy using SiC/B4C/talc ceramic particles using stir-casting technique and how the eco-friendly talc content influencing the solid lubricity during the abrasion process. The experiments were conducted via orthogonal array of L27 using Taguchi’s method. The optimum value along with the coefficient of friction was obtained on the basis of grey relational equations and ANOVA, which helped in analysis of most influential input parameters such as applied load, sliding speed, sliding distance and percentage of reinforcement. Conformation tests were performed for the purpose of validation of the experimental results. The specimens were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) with EDX for micro structural studies. The SiC, B4C and talc presence in the composite helped to improve the mechanical properties, according to the results. The presence of solid lubricant talc as reinforcement to the aluminum hybrid composite reduced the wear properties and decreased the co-efficient friction. These wear resistance improved aluminum metal matrix composites could be used in automobile, defense and domestic applications where high strength and wear resistance required with lesser specific weight.
{"title":"Process optimization using grey relational analysis in dry sliding wear behavior on SiC/B4C/Talc reinforced Al 6061 hybrid metal matrix composite","authors":"Chellamuthu Ramesh Kumar, S. Baskar, G. Ramesh, Pathinettampadian Gurusamy, T. Maridurai","doi":"10.1051/metal/2021086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2021086","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, investigations were carried out on Al6061 base alloy with the changing weight percentage of silicon carbide (SiC) and boron carbide (B4C) with keeping the amount of talc constant. The main objective of this present study was to improve the wear resistance of aluminum alloy using SiC/B4C/talc ceramic particles using stir-casting technique and how the eco-friendly talc content influencing the solid lubricity during the abrasion process. The experiments were conducted via orthogonal array of L27 using Taguchi’s method. The optimum value along with the coefficient of friction was obtained on the basis of grey relational equations and ANOVA, which helped in analysis of most influential input parameters such as applied load, sliding speed, sliding distance and percentage of reinforcement. Conformation tests were performed for the purpose of validation of the experimental results. The specimens were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) with EDX for micro structural studies. The SiC, B4C and talc presence in the composite helped to improve the mechanical properties, according to the results. The presence of solid lubricant talc as reinforcement to the aluminum hybrid composite reduced the wear properties and decreased the co-efficient friction. These wear resistance improved aluminum metal matrix composites could be used in automobile, defense and domestic applications where high strength and wear resistance required with lesser specific weight.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75959028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nandish Girishbhai Soni, Akash Mahajan, K. R. Kambale, S. Butee
Fabrication with the in-situ formation of W2C reinforced medium carbon steel (MCS) MMC’s was attempted using W or WO3 and graphite addition to steel. The P/M route comprising milling, compaction and sintering at 1050 °C and 1120 °C respectively in 90% N2 + 10% H2 atmosphere was adopted. Both SEM and BET studies revealed the particle size to be around 100, 7 and 40 µm for MCS, W and WO3, respectively. A complete conversion of tungsten into tungsten semicarbide (W2C) was noted in XRD for the tungsten additions of ∼6, 9 and 12 wt.% with stoichiometrically balanced C (graphite) addition of 0, 0.2 and 0.4 wt.%. However, WO3 + C addition (balanced as above) revealed the partial conversion of WO3 to W2C. The peaks of Fe3C were observed only for MCS + W + C samples and not for MCS + WO3 + C samples in XRD. In SEM, the WO3 phase appeared porous and partially converted, whereas, W2C phase was dense. Sintered density improved for the addition of W, whereas it monotonically reduced for WO3 addition to MCS + C samples. Higher hardness, compressive strength, and wear resistance was noted for W addition than WO3 to MCS+C samples.
{"title":"Effect of in situ formation of tungsten semicarbide on the microstructure and mechanical properties of medium carbon steel composites","authors":"Nandish Girishbhai Soni, Akash Mahajan, K. R. Kambale, S. Butee","doi":"10.1051/metal/2021080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2021080","url":null,"abstract":"Fabrication with the in-situ formation of W2C reinforced medium carbon steel (MCS) MMC’s was attempted using W or WO3 and graphite addition to steel. The P/M route comprising milling, compaction and sintering at 1050 °C and 1120 °C respectively in 90% N2 + 10% H2 atmosphere was adopted. Both SEM and BET studies revealed the particle size to be around 100, 7 and 40 µm for MCS, W and WO3, respectively. A complete conversion of tungsten into tungsten semicarbide (W2C) was noted in XRD for the tungsten additions of ∼6, 9 and 12 wt.% with stoichiometrically balanced C (graphite) addition of 0, 0.2 and 0.4 wt.%. However, WO3 + C addition (balanced as above) revealed the partial conversion of WO3 to W2C. The peaks of Fe3C were observed only for MCS + W + C samples and not for MCS + WO3 + C samples in XRD. In SEM, the WO3 phase appeared porous and partially converted, whereas, W2C phase was dense. Sintered density improved for the addition of W, whereas it monotonically reduced for WO3 addition to MCS + C samples. Higher hardness, compressive strength, and wear resistance was noted for W addition than WO3 to MCS+C samples.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82946907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roya Shahedi, S. Kheirandish, Faraz Shirazi, M. Seifollahi
In this investigation, the effects of solution parameters on the microstructure and hardness of a Fe-Ni superalloy were studied. Samples were solutionized in temperature ranges of 900 °C to 1060 °C for the times of 0.5 h to 2.5 h, water quenched and aged at 720 °C for 16 h. for more structural examinations, some solutionized samples were aged at 800 °C and 860 °C for 8 h. The microstructure of the alloy was investigated using optical and scanning electron microscopes and the volume fraction of phases was measured by image analyzer software. The hardness of solutionized and aged specimens and tensile strength of aged samples at room temperature were also assessed. The results showed that hardness and ultimate tensile strength decrease with increasing solution temperature. It was found that increase in the solution temperature led to a decrease in volume fraction of η and carbide phases and an increase in the carbide sizes. It was also found that solution annealing time had no significant effect on the properties of the alloy.
{"title":"The effect of solid solution treatment parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of A286 superalloy","authors":"Roya Shahedi, S. Kheirandish, Faraz Shirazi, M. Seifollahi","doi":"10.1051/metal/2021075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2021075","url":null,"abstract":"In this investigation, the effects of solution parameters on the microstructure and hardness of a Fe-Ni superalloy were studied. Samples were solutionized in temperature ranges of 900 °C to 1060 °C for the times of 0.5 h to 2.5 h, water quenched and aged at 720 °C for 16 h. for more structural examinations, some solutionized samples were aged at 800 °C and 860 °C for 8 h. The microstructure of the alloy was investigated using optical and scanning electron microscopes and the volume fraction of phases was measured by image analyzer software. The hardness of solutionized and aged specimens and tensile strength of aged samples at room temperature were also assessed. The results showed that hardness and ultimate tensile strength decrease with increasing solution temperature. It was found that increase in the solution temperature led to a decrease in volume fraction of η and carbide phases and an increase in the carbide sizes. It was also found that solution annealing time had no significant effect on the properties of the alloy.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81361758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During the process of production and refining of industrial silicon, the discharged slag usually contains more than 15 mass% of metallic silicon. However, the separation of silicon from slag is very difficult due to the close density of silicon and slag as well as the high viscosity of slag, which results in the waste of resources. In the present work, the effect of Na2O addition on the separation of silicon from slag is investigated in detail. It is found that the optimum separation condition of slag and silicon is 1723 K reacting for 60 min by adding 10 mass% Na2O to the slag. Viscosity and density are two important factors affecting the separation effect of silicon from slag. The addition of Na2O reduces the viscosity of slag and promotes the separation of silicon from slag. Even if the addition of Na2O will decrease the density of slag which is detrimental to the separation of silicon, the density variation is not the determining factor affecting the separation relative to viscosity. The separation and extraction of metallic silicon from silicon slag is of great significance for improving utilization of resources and reducing environmental pollution.
{"title":"Study on the separation of silicon from refining slag of industrial silicon","authors":"Yong Hou, Guo-hua Zhang, K. Chou","doi":"10.1051/metal/2021036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2021036","url":null,"abstract":"During the process of production and refining of industrial silicon, the discharged slag usually contains more than 15 mass% of metallic silicon. However, the separation of silicon from slag is very difficult due to the close density of silicon and slag as well as the high viscosity of slag, which results in the waste of resources. In the present work, the effect of Na2O addition on the separation of silicon from slag is investigated in detail. It is found that the optimum separation condition of slag and silicon is 1723 K reacting for 60 min by adding 10 mass% Na2O to the slag. Viscosity and density are two important factors affecting the separation effect of silicon from slag. The addition of Na2O reduces the viscosity of slag and promotes the separation of silicon from slag. Even if the addition of Na2O will decrease the density of slag which is detrimental to the separation of silicon, the density variation is not the determining factor affecting the separation relative to viscosity. The separation and extraction of metallic silicon from silicon slag is of great significance for improving utilization of resources and reducing environmental pollution.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89147529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper investigates a comparison study of microstructure, texture and mechanical properties between two 6xxx aluminum alloys through microstructure, texture characterization and tensile test. The results show that they exhibit different microstructure, texture and mechanical properties. In comparison with the alloy sheet with a low weight ratio of Mg to Si (Si-excess), the alloy sheet with a higher weight ratio of Mg to Si (Mg-excess) and additional Zn possesses the finer as-casting and solution treated equiaxed grain structure, less particles with larger size before solution treatment, weaker recrystallization texture mainly including Cube {001} orientation and weaker mechanical properties. The low weight ratio of Mg to Si corresponds to slightly higher yield strength and ultimate tensile strength, but much higher plastic strain ration r , work hardening exponent n values and elongation. Interestingly, Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC) effect is very prevailed in the alloy sheet with a higher weight ratio of Mg to Si and additional Zn, which is responsible for the low elongation and r value. The alloy containing a low weight ratio of Mg to Si may be beneficial to improve comprehensive mechanical property.
{"title":"A comparison study of microstructure, texture and mechanical properties between two 6xxx aluminum alloys","authors":"Xiaofeng Wang, Hong Liu, Xiaobo Tang","doi":"10.1051/METAL/2021013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/METAL/2021013","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates a comparison study of microstructure, texture and mechanical properties between two 6xxx aluminum alloys through microstructure, texture characterization and tensile test. The results show that they exhibit different microstructure, texture and mechanical properties. In comparison with the alloy sheet with a low weight ratio of Mg to Si (Si-excess), the alloy sheet with a higher weight ratio of Mg to Si (Mg-excess) and additional Zn possesses the finer as-casting and solution treated equiaxed grain structure, less particles with larger size before solution treatment, weaker recrystallization texture mainly including Cube {001} orientation and weaker mechanical properties. The low weight ratio of Mg to Si corresponds to slightly higher yield strength and ultimate tensile strength, but much higher plastic strain ration r , work hardening exponent n values and elongation. Interestingly, Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC) effect is very prevailed in the alloy sheet with a higher weight ratio of Mg to Si and additional Zn, which is responsible for the low elongation and r value. The alloy containing a low weight ratio of Mg to Si may be beneficial to improve comprehensive mechanical property.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89660746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu-long Liu, D. Ding, Chen Wenguang, N. Hu, Lingling Wu, Lin Hu, Qiucai Zhang, Zhijun Zhang, Feng Li, Xue Xilong, Zhaopeng Li, Guicheng He, Qing Yu
The relationship between energy input and particle size of ore samples after crushing and effect of microwave pretreatment on impact crushing of lead-zinc ore were studied by drop weight impact test. The results showed that the lead-zinc ore became softer and had higher degree of crushing after microwave pretreatment. Compared with continuous microwave pretreatment, pulsed microwave pretreatment could improve the drop weight impact crushing efficiency of lead-zinc ore. When the specific comminution energy were 5 kW h/t, 10 kW h/t respectively, the crushing characteristic parameters t10 were 60.42% and 67.46% respectively by continuous microwave. But the values of t10 were increased to 68.64% and 75.88% respectively after pulsed microwave radiation under same microwave power and time. In addition, water quenching could more promote the impact crushing efficiency of lead-zinc ore after microwave irradiation.
{"title":"The effect of microwave pretreatment on impact crushing of lead-zinc ore","authors":"Yu-long Liu, D. Ding, Chen Wenguang, N. Hu, Lingling Wu, Lin Hu, Qiucai Zhang, Zhijun Zhang, Feng Li, Xue Xilong, Zhaopeng Li, Guicheng He, Qing Yu","doi":"10.1051/metal/2021055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2021055","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between energy input and particle size of ore samples after crushing and effect of microwave pretreatment on impact crushing of lead-zinc ore were studied by drop weight impact test. The results showed that the lead-zinc ore became softer and had higher degree of crushing after microwave pretreatment. Compared with continuous microwave pretreatment, pulsed microwave pretreatment could improve the drop weight impact crushing efficiency of lead-zinc ore. When the specific comminution energy were 5 kW h/t, 10 kW h/t respectively, the crushing characteristic parameters t10 were 60.42% and 67.46% respectively by continuous microwave. But the values of t10 were increased to 68.64% and 75.88% respectively after pulsed microwave radiation under same microwave power and time. In addition, water quenching could more promote the impact crushing efficiency of lead-zinc ore after microwave irradiation.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90856736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study has investigated the effect of tool offset on the mechanical behavior and microstructure of dissimilar copper and brass joints by friction stir welding (FSW). In this regard, the FSW method was used for joint with three different tool offset positions, namely center line (no offset), the copper side, and the brass alloy side. Microstructure and fracture surfaces of the specimens were examined by optical (OM) and scanning electron microscopies (SEM), respectively. Tensile, micro-hardness and bending tests were also utilized to evaluate the joints mechanical behavior. The results showed that an onion ring-shaped zone was formed with the tool offset towards the copper side, but this zone was not observed with the tool offset towards the brass alloy side. In addition, compared with the tool without offset, the tensile strength with the tool offset to copper side of 1 mm (Cu+1) increased by 33.33% and with the tool offset to brass alloy side of 1 mm (Brass+1) increased by 57.47%. The results of bending test showed that in the Brass+1 specimen, bending strength increased by approximately 5% compared with the specimen without offset. Finally, it was found that the best mechanical and microstructural properties were obtained by the tool offset of 1 mm towards the brass alloy side.
研究了刀具偏移量对异种铜黄铜搅拌摩擦焊接接头力学行为和组织的影响。为此，采用FSW方法对三种不同刀具偏移位置的连接进行了加工，即中心线(无偏移)、铜侧和黄铜合金侧。采用光学显微镜(OM)和扫描电镜(SEM)对试样的显微组织和断口形貌进行了观察。利用拉伸、显微硬度和弯曲试验对接头的力学性能进行了评价。结果表明:刀具向铜侧偏置时形成了一个洋葱环区，而刀具向黄铜合金侧偏置时则没有形成洋葱环区。此外，与未偏置刀具相比，刀具偏置铜侧1 mm (Cu+1)时抗拉强度提高了33.33%，刀具偏置黄铜合金侧1 mm (brass +1)时抗拉强度提高了57.47%。弯曲试验结果表明，在黄铜+1试样中，弯曲强度比没有偏移的试样提高了约5%。结果表明，当刀具向黄铜合金侧偏移1 mm时，合金的力学性能和显微组织性能最佳。
{"title":"Effect of tool offset on microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar copper-brass friction stir welding","authors":"H. Sadeghi, K. Amini, F. Gharavi","doi":"10.1051/METAL/2021029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/METAL/2021029","url":null,"abstract":"This study has investigated the effect of tool offset on the mechanical behavior and microstructure of dissimilar copper and brass joints by friction stir welding (FSW). In this regard, the FSW method was used for joint with three different tool offset positions, namely center line (no offset), the copper side, and the brass alloy side. Microstructure and fracture surfaces of the specimens were examined by optical (OM) and scanning electron microscopies (SEM), respectively. Tensile, micro-hardness and bending tests were also utilized to evaluate the joints mechanical behavior. The results showed that an onion ring-shaped zone was formed with the tool offset towards the copper side, but this zone was not observed with the tool offset towards the brass alloy side. In addition, compared with the tool without offset, the tensile strength with the tool offset to copper side of 1 mm (Cu+1) increased by 33.33% and with the tool offset to brass alloy side of 1 mm (Brass+1) increased by 57.47%. The results of bending test showed that in the Brass+1 specimen, bending strength increased by approximately 5% compared with the specimen without offset. Finally, it was found that the best mechanical and microstructural properties were obtained by the tool offset of 1 mm towards the brass alloy side.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"118 1","pages":"307"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86991365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Effect of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and subsequent annealing on the microstructure, mechanical properties and tribological behavior of grade A shipbuilding steel was investigated. Coarse-grained microstructure of initial sample is eliminated during the ECAP at 375 °C and more refined microstructure is achieved. Post-ECAP annealing at 575 °C results in some grain growth, and also the cementite lamellae in the pearlite colonies is broken and got spheroidised during the annealing treatment. ECAP increases strength and hardness of steel significantly while it decreases the ductility. On the other hand, post-ECAP annealing treatment brings about an increase in ductility and diminishes the hardness, as expected. Strain hardening capacity, ductility, hardness and oxidation rate were found to be the main factors affecting wear resistance of the grade A steel. It was found that high hardness and strength, good wear resistance with sufficiently high ductility can be achieved in the grade A steel by applying ECAP + annealing processes.
{"title":"Optimization of strength, ductility and wear resistance of low-carbon grade A shipbuilding steel by post-ECAP annealing","authors":"M. Demirtaş, D. M. Sekban","doi":"10.1051/METAL/2021021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/METAL/2021021","url":null,"abstract":"Effect of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and subsequent annealing on the microstructure, mechanical properties and tribological behavior of grade A shipbuilding steel was investigated. Coarse-grained microstructure of initial sample is eliminated during the ECAP at 375 °C and more refined microstructure is achieved. Post-ECAP annealing at 575 °C results in some grain growth, and also the cementite lamellae in the pearlite colonies is broken and got spheroidised during the annealing treatment. ECAP increases strength and hardness of steel significantly while it decreases the ductility. On the other hand, post-ECAP annealing treatment brings about an increase in ductility and diminishes the hardness, as expected. Strain hardening capacity, ductility, hardness and oxidation rate were found to be the main factors affecting wear resistance of the grade A steel. It was found that high hardness and strength, good wear resistance with sufficiently high ductility can be achieved in the grade A steel by applying ECAP + annealing processes.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"30 1","pages":"217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74635066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effect of casting speed on slag-inclusion defects in 1050 × 200 mm ultra-low-carbon automobile steel (UAS) slabs was studied by performing nail plate experiments and by monitoring the liquid level fluctuations during the continuous casting process. The number, location, length, and proportion of slag-inclusion defects in hot-rolled coils produced at different casting speeds were analyzed. The results showed that the defects in the hot-rolled coils were mainly owing to the mold protective slag. For the continuous casting speed of 1.6 m/min, the fraction of slag-inclusion defects was the lowest (at 5.3%), and the number of slag-inclusion defects was lower than for the other casting speeds. The length of slag inclusions was under 900 mm. Furthermore, the number of slag-inclusion defects on the upper and lower surfaces was smaller than those for the other casting speeds. At different casting speeds, slag-inclusion defects mainly existed within 100 mm of the edge on both surfaces of hot-rolled coil plates. The fluctuation within the 0–1 mm range was 98.1% for the casting speed of 1.6 m/min, indicating that the flow rate of molten steel on both sides of the nozzle was relatively stable, which helps to control slag-inclusion defects in hot-rolled coils.
{"title":"The effect of casting speed on slag-inclusion defects in 1050 × 200 mm ultra-low-carbon automobile steel slabs","authors":"Shujun Li, X. Du","doi":"10.1051/metal/2021084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2021084","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of casting speed on slag-inclusion defects in 1050 × 200 mm ultra-low-carbon automobile steel (UAS) slabs was studied by performing nail plate experiments and by monitoring the liquid level fluctuations during the continuous casting process. The number, location, length, and proportion of slag-inclusion defects in hot-rolled coils produced at different casting speeds were analyzed. The results showed that the defects in the hot-rolled coils were mainly owing to the mold protective slag. For the continuous casting speed of 1.6 m/min, the fraction of slag-inclusion defects was the lowest (at 5.3%), and the number of slag-inclusion defects was lower than for the other casting speeds. The length of slag inclusions was under 900 mm. Furthermore, the number of slag-inclusion defects on the upper and lower surfaces was smaller than those for the other casting speeds. At different casting speeds, slag-inclusion defects mainly existed within 100 mm of the edge on both surfaces of hot-rolled coil plates. The fluctuation within the 0–1 mm range was 98.1% for the casting speed of 1.6 m/min, indicating that the flow rate of molten steel on both sides of the nozzle was relatively stable, which helps to control slag-inclusion defects in hot-rolled coils.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78532506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chunhui Jin, Honglin Zhou, L. Yuan, Bei Li, Zhang Kewei, C. Huiqin, Zhao Jinhua
The influence of aging temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of Cr15Ni5 precipitation hardening stainless steel (15-5 PH stainless steel) were investigated at aging temperature range of 440–610 °C. The tensile properties at ambient temperature of the 15-5 PH stainless steel processed by different aging temperatures were tested, and the microstructural features were further analyzed utilizing optical microscope (OM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) as well as X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Results indicated the strength of the 15-5 PH stainless steel was firstly decreased with increment of aging temperature from 440 to 540 °C, and then increased with the increment of aging temperature from 540 to 610 °C. The strength and ductility were well matched at aging temperature 470 °C, and the yield strength, tensile strength as well as elongation were determined to be 1170 MPa, 1240 MPa and 24%, respectively. The microstructures concerning to different aging temperatures were overall confirmed to be lath martensite. The strengthening mechanisms induced by dislocation density and the second phase precipitation of Cu-enriched metallic compound under different aging temperatures were determined to be the predominant strengthening mechanisms controlling the variation trend of mechanical properties corresponding to different aging temperatures with respect to 15-5 PH stainless steel.
{"title":"Microstructure and mechanical properties of 15-5 PH stainless steel under different aging temperature","authors":"Chunhui Jin, Honglin Zhou, L. Yuan, Bei Li, Zhang Kewei, C. Huiqin, Zhao Jinhua","doi":"10.1051/metal/2021078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2021078","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of aging temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of Cr15Ni5 precipitation hardening stainless steel (15-5 PH stainless steel) were investigated at aging temperature range of 440–610 °C. The tensile properties at ambient temperature of the 15-5 PH stainless steel processed by different aging temperatures were tested, and the microstructural features were further analyzed utilizing optical microscope (OM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) as well as X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Results indicated the strength of the 15-5 PH stainless steel was firstly decreased with increment of aging temperature from 440 to 540 °C, and then increased with the increment of aging temperature from 540 to 610 °C. The strength and ductility were well matched at aging temperature 470 °C, and the yield strength, tensile strength as well as elongation were determined to be 1170 MPa, 1240 MPa and 24%, respectively. The microstructures concerning to different aging temperatures were overall confirmed to be lath martensite. The strengthening mechanisms induced by dislocation density and the second phase precipitation of Cu-enriched metallic compound under different aging temperatures were determined to be the predominant strengthening mechanisms controlling the variation trend of mechanical properties corresponding to different aging temperatures with respect to 15-5 PH stainless steel.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72494088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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