Yutang Li, Haoran Zhu, Dengping Ji, Bin Luo, Jianxun Fu
Fine and uniform carbides play a beneficial role in the high hardness and wear resistance of martensitic stainless steel. This paper investigates the effect of magnesium and rare earth(RE) on the dispersion of carbides in a high-carbon martensitic stainless steel. The results show that RE-Al-O and RE-Al-O-S inclusions were generated in RE-containing steel, while Mg-Al-O+(Ca, Mn)S and MgO+CaS inclusions were in Mg-containing steel. MC, M 7 C 3 , and M 23 C 6 types of carbides were detected in both RE-containing and Mg-containing steels, which is consistent with thermodynamic calculation. The RE-Al-O inclusion can act as heterogeneous nuclei for carbides, while Mg-containing inclusions do not promote carbide precipitation for sulfur enrichment. The three-dimensional etching test suggests that RE-containing steel has more serious network carbides and larger carbide sizes than Mg-containing steel. The carbon segregation ratio presents an “M” shape due to δ→γ phase transformation. Rare earth is easy to combine with S and weaken the inhibiting effect of carbon segregation. Thus, magnesium has a stronger inhibitory effect on carbon segregation than rare earth.
{"title":"Investigation on carbide dispersion modified by magnesium and rare earth in high-carbon martensitic stainless steel","authors":"Yutang Li, Haoran Zhu, Dengping Ji, Bin Luo, Jianxun Fu","doi":"10.1051/metal/2023068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2023068","url":null,"abstract":"Fine and uniform carbides play a beneficial role in the high hardness and wear resistance of martensitic stainless steel. This paper investigates the effect of magnesium and rare earth(RE) on the dispersion of carbides in a high-carbon martensitic stainless steel. The results show that RE-Al-O and RE-Al-O-S inclusions were generated in RE-containing steel, while Mg-Al-O+(Ca, Mn)S and MgO+CaS inclusions were in Mg-containing steel. MC, M 7 C 3 , and M 23 C 6 types of carbides were detected in both RE-containing and Mg-containing steels, which is consistent with thermodynamic calculation. The RE-Al-O inclusion can act as heterogeneous nuclei for carbides, while Mg-containing inclusions do not promote carbide precipitation for sulfur enrichment. The three-dimensional etching test suggests that RE-containing steel has more serious network carbides and larger carbide sizes than Mg-containing steel. The carbon segregation ratio presents an “M” shape due to δ→γ phase transformation. Rare earth is easy to combine with S and weaken the inhibiting effect of carbon segregation. Thus, magnesium has a stronger inhibitory effect on carbon segregation than rare earth.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136003942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As the main structural component of aircraft skin, aluminum alloy integral panel is characterized by smooth aerodynamic configuration, light weight, high specific strength and stiffness, short fabrication cycle and so on. It is imperative to develop effective forming technology to manufacture integral panel with high configuration and dimension accuracy from flat or profiled sheet metal. Bend forming has advantages over other processes. Significant research work has been carried out in recent decades. This literature covers a review of the research and development of bend forming of aluminum alloy integral panels regarding principles, applications, forming processes and defects like buckling and fracture based on experiments and finite element simulations. Future research directions are also pointed out.
{"title":"Bend forming of aluminum alloy integral panel: a review","authors":"Xiao-Xiao Zhang, Yong-Hua Li","doi":"10.1051/metal/2023070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2023070","url":null,"abstract":"As the main structural component of aircraft skin, aluminum alloy integral panel is characterized by smooth aerodynamic configuration, light weight, high specific strength and stiffness, short fabrication cycle and so on. It is imperative to develop effective forming technology to manufacture integral panel with high configuration and dimension accuracy from flat or profiled sheet metal. Bend forming has advantages over other processes. Significant research work has been carried out in recent decades. This literature covers a review of the research and development of bend forming of aluminum alloy integral panels regarding principles, applications, forming processes and defects like buckling and fracture based on experiments and finite element simulations. Future research directions are also pointed out.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135053488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yunxiang Chen, X. Xia, Yao Huang, Y. Hong, Deyuan Lin, Yanjin Lu
In this study, the corrosion products formed on Q420 and weathering steel (WS) after 6 years of exposure in marine atmospheres in Pingtan, Fujian Province in China was examined. The evolution of the rust layers in terms of surface and cross-sectional morphologies were observed by SEM, while the consisted phases on the Q420 and WS were detected by XRD. The protective effect of the rust layers on the steels was studied by the electrochemical tests. The results of weight loss indicated that the Q420 had a relatively higher corrosion rate than that of the WS steel. The SEM observation showed that the WS steel could form a relative compact with fewer cracks after a long time of exposure concerning the Q420 steel. The electrochemical tests suggested the rust layer formed in the initial stage for the Q420 steel showed a better protective effect than that one formed at a later stage, whereas a better protective effect of the rust layer was formed at the later stage for the WS steels.
{"title":"Comparison study of rust layers formed on Q420 and weathering steel after 6 years of exposure in marine atmospheres","authors":"Yunxiang Chen, X. Xia, Yao Huang, Y. Hong, Deyuan Lin, Yanjin Lu","doi":"10.1051/metal/2022008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2022008","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the corrosion products formed on Q420 and weathering steel (WS) after 6 years of exposure in marine atmospheres in Pingtan, Fujian Province in China was examined. The evolution of the rust layers in terms of surface and cross-sectional morphologies were observed by SEM, while the consisted phases on the Q420 and WS were detected by XRD. The protective effect of the rust layers on the steels was studied by the electrochemical tests. The results of weight loss indicated that the Q420 had a relatively higher corrosion rate than that of the WS steel. The SEM observation showed that the WS steel could form a relative compact with fewer cracks after a long time of exposure concerning the Q420 steel. The electrochemical tests suggested the rust layer formed in the initial stage for the Q420 steel showed a better protective effect than that one formed at a later stage, whereas a better protective effect of the rust layer was formed at the later stage for the WS steels.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82330918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiao-ming Li, Yuqing Wu, Yuwei Ma, H. Xie, Xiangdong Xing
Si sludge was used as reductive modifying auxiliary during the iron component in the electric arc furnace (EAF) slag was reduced by carbon. The reduction behavior of the iron component in the EAF slag and the relationship between the mineral structure and the cementitious reactivity of the secondary slag were explored. The results show that the Si sludge can effectively reduce the iron-containing compounds in the slag. When the amount of Si sludge added is greater than 10 wt.%, the iron recovery rate exceeded 92% when reduced at 1773 K for 30 min. Si sludge has a modifying effect on EAF slag. When the amount of Si sludge is low (<10 wt.%), the content of cementitious components in the modified EAF slag is reduced, and low-activity merwinite crystals are precipitated in the slag, which reduces the cementitious reactivity. When Si sludge addition is greater than 10 wt.%, the amorphous phase content and reaction activity in the modified slag increased. The 28d compressive strength of the secondary slag with sludge addition of 14 wt.% reached 45.7 MPa.
{"title":"Effect of Si-based reductive modifying auxiliary on the recovery of iron and the cementitious reactivity of modified EAF slag","authors":"Xiao-ming Li, Yuqing Wu, Yuwei Ma, H. Xie, Xiangdong Xing","doi":"10.1051/metal/2021094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2021094","url":null,"abstract":"Si sludge was used as reductive modifying auxiliary during the iron component in the electric arc furnace (EAF) slag was reduced by carbon. The reduction behavior of the iron component in the EAF slag and the relationship between the mineral structure and the cementitious reactivity of the secondary slag were explored. The results show that the Si sludge can effectively reduce the iron-containing compounds in the slag. When the amount of Si sludge added is greater than 10 wt.%, the iron recovery rate exceeded 92% when reduced at 1773 K for 30 min. Si sludge has a modifying effect on EAF slag. When the amount of Si sludge is low (<10 wt.%), the content of cementitious components in the modified EAF slag is reduced, and low-activity merwinite crystals are precipitated in the slag, which reduces the cementitious reactivity. When Si sludge addition is greater than 10 wt.%, the amorphous phase content and reaction activity in the modified slag increased. The 28d compressive strength of the secondary slag with sludge addition of 14 wt.% reached 45.7 MPa.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79699624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sam Joshy, Jayadevan K.R., Merin Sarah George, Benrose Prasad
Hot forging dies are exposed to severe in-service thermomechanical stress, which induces microstructural changes leading to die failures. Thus, research in forging industries is focussed on study of in-service microstructural changes in hot forging dies. Hot forging tests were performed on double tempered AISI H11 steel dies for test duration of 100 and 500 forging strokes. Further, microstructural analyses were conducted on die surface. From microstructural analyses on die surface, it was revealed that chromium rich carbides grows in size with increase in number of forging cycles. Further, quantitative analysis of the carbide distribution was performed.
{"title":"Influence of hot forging on microstructure in double tempered H11 hot forging dies","authors":"Sam Joshy, Jayadevan K.R., Merin Sarah George, Benrose Prasad","doi":"10.1051/metal/2022004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2022004","url":null,"abstract":"Hot forging dies are exposed to severe in-service thermomechanical stress, which induces microstructural changes leading to die failures. Thus, research in forging industries is focussed on study of in-service microstructural changes in hot forging dies. Hot forging tests were performed on double tempered AISI H11 steel dies for test duration of 100 and 500 forging strokes. Further, microstructural analyses were conducted on die surface. From microstructural analyses on die surface, it was revealed that chromium rich carbides grows in size with increase in number of forging cycles. Further, quantitative analysis of the carbide distribution was performed.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86504443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Yu, Sheng-qiang Song, R. Cromarty, G. Hang, Qian Hu, Wenke Zhang, Dongming Liu, Z. Xue
Addition of stainless steel pickling sludge, which contains hazardous hexavalent chromium, to low-grade nickel laterite ore has the potential to eliminate the hexavalent chromium and promote the aggregation and growth of iron-nickel particles during reduction with anthracite. The effect of chromium sludge on the aggregation and growth of metal particles during a self-reduction process of nickel laterite ore has been studied. The detoxification effect of hexavalent chromium in the sludge was evaluated using the standard TRGS 613 leaching test. Results showed that with increasing chromium sludge addition, the size of metal particles increased. With the addition of 13.94% by mass chromium sludge the average metal particle size in the reduce ore increased from 0.42 µm to 1.38 µm while the recovery of Fe, Ni and Cr increased from 53.73%, 19.39% and 33.36% to 78.33%, 69.22% and 58.26%, respectively. It is proposed that a low melting point eutectic phase of FeS formed in the reduced products, significantly promoted the migration and aggregation of metal particles. Leaching tests indicated that the original chromium sludge released > 600 mg/kg Cr(VI) while the slag from the combined laterite and chromium sludge released less than the EPA limit of 2 mg/kg Cr(VI).
{"title":"Recycling of chromium sludge to promote aggregation and growth of metal during self-reduction of nickel laterite ore","authors":"H. Yu, Sheng-qiang Song, R. Cromarty, G. Hang, Qian Hu, Wenke Zhang, Dongming Liu, Z. Xue","doi":"10.1051/metal/2022002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2022002","url":null,"abstract":"Addition of stainless steel pickling sludge, which contains hazardous hexavalent chromium, to low-grade nickel laterite ore has the potential to eliminate the hexavalent chromium and promote the aggregation and growth of iron-nickel particles during reduction with anthracite. The effect of chromium sludge on the aggregation and growth of metal particles during a self-reduction process of nickel laterite ore has been studied. The detoxification effect of hexavalent chromium in the sludge was evaluated using the standard TRGS 613 leaching test. Results showed that with increasing chromium sludge addition, the size of metal particles increased. With the addition of 13.94% by mass chromium sludge the average metal particle size in the reduce ore increased from 0.42 µm to 1.38 µm while the recovery of Fe, Ni and Cr increased from 53.73%, 19.39% and 33.36% to 78.33%, 69.22% and 58.26%, respectively. It is proposed that a low melting point eutectic phase of FeS formed in the reduced products, significantly promoted the migration and aggregation of metal particles. Leaching tests indicated that the original chromium sludge released > 600 mg/kg Cr(VI) while the slag from the combined laterite and chromium sludge released less than the EPA limit of 2 mg/kg Cr(VI).","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86047853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jie Chang, Aifang Pan, Yuzhao Ma, Yue Sun, Shentao Hu, Kuimeng Li
To separate and extract all the useful components of tailings, taking silver tailings as the object, the thermodynamics of silver tailings during the roasting processes was investigated, and the phases transformation mechanism of major minerals were obtained. Based on the mineralogy characteristics of silver tailings, the standard Gibbs free energy changes for the chemical reactions in the roasting processes were calculated; the thermal chemical behaviors and the mineral phases transformation were investigated using TG/DTG-DSC and XRD; and the microstructure changes with chemical composition of microregions were characterized through SEM-EDS. The thermochemical reaction characteristics for the roasting activation of tailings and sodium carbonate at different temperatures were as follows: at 450–650 °C, the ankerite, siderite and sulfide in tailings were oxidized and decomposed, while the crystal transformation of quartz and chlorite occurred; at 650–750 °C, quartz, muscovite and chlorite decomposed to form soluble sodium silicate, sodium aluminum silicate, diopside, sodium ferrite and copper ferrite etc; at 750–800 °C, due to the increase in products with low melting point, the roasted samples melted. During the roasting processes, the surface of minerals depressed and the structures were destroyed. These results can provide a theoretical foundation for thoroughly resource utilization of tailings.
{"title":"Thermodynamics and mechanisms of silver tailings roasting processes","authors":"Jie Chang, Aifang Pan, Yuzhao Ma, Yue Sun, Shentao Hu, Kuimeng Li","doi":"10.1051/metal/2022001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2022001","url":null,"abstract":"To separate and extract all the useful components of tailings, taking silver tailings as the object, the thermodynamics of silver tailings during the roasting processes was investigated, and the phases transformation mechanism of major minerals were obtained. Based on the mineralogy characteristics of silver tailings, the standard Gibbs free energy changes for the chemical reactions in the roasting processes were calculated; the thermal chemical behaviors and the mineral phases transformation were investigated using TG/DTG-DSC and XRD; and the microstructure changes with chemical composition of microregions were characterized through SEM-EDS. The thermochemical reaction characteristics for the roasting activation of tailings and sodium carbonate at different temperatures were as follows: at 450–650 °C, the ankerite, siderite and sulfide in tailings were oxidized and decomposed, while the crystal transformation of quartz and chlorite occurred; at 650–750 °C, quartz, muscovite and chlorite decomposed to form soluble sodium silicate, sodium aluminum silicate, diopside, sodium ferrite and copper ferrite etc; at 750–800 °C, due to the increase in products with low melting point, the roasted samples melted. During the roasting processes, the surface of minerals depressed and the structures were destroyed. These results can provide a theoretical foundation for thoroughly resource utilization of tailings.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90287287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Zhu, Hailin Long, Haoyu Li, Huimin Xie, Shao-hua Yin, Yongmi Wang, Libo Zhang, Shiwei Li
In this work, the alkaline refining of arsenic in crude lead was studied with a mixture of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate as alkaline refining agents. Taking the arsenic removal rate as the research object, the effects of reaction temperature, holding time, Na2CO3:NaOH, the dosage of refining agent were investigated. The arsenic removal rate is 79.09% under the optimum experimental conditions as follows: reaction temperature 823 K, holding time 60 min, Na2CO3:NaOH 1:4, refining agent dosage 10%. The oxidation purification mechanism of arsenic was studied by XPS, SEM-EDS, XRD and FT-IR. The results show that arsenic in the crude lead is gradually oxidized by oxygen and lead oxide during arsenic removal process, and the arsenic trioxide is eventually converted into sodium arsenate (Na3AsO4) and lead arsenate (Pb2As2O7) in the slag.
{"title":"Alkaline refining of crude lead: a method of arsenic removal and the behavior of arsenic in the process","authors":"R. Zhu, Hailin Long, Haoyu Li, Huimin Xie, Shao-hua Yin, Yongmi Wang, Libo Zhang, Shiwei Li","doi":"10.1051/metal/2021090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2021090","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the alkaline refining of arsenic in crude lead was studied with a mixture of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate as alkaline refining agents. Taking the arsenic removal rate as the research object, the effects of reaction temperature, holding time, Na2CO3:NaOH, the dosage of refining agent were investigated. The arsenic removal rate is 79.09% under the optimum experimental conditions as follows: reaction temperature 823 K, holding time 60 min, Na2CO3:NaOH 1:4, refining agent dosage 10%. The oxidation purification mechanism of arsenic was studied by XPS, SEM-EDS, XRD and FT-IR. The results show that arsenic in the crude lead is gradually oxidized by oxygen and lead oxide during arsenic removal process, and the arsenic trioxide is eventually converted into sodium arsenate (Na3AsO4) and lead arsenate (Pb2As2O7) in the slag.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73410919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ultra-thick wall steel pipes are very likely to have quality defects in stretch-reduction hot rolling process, and it is preferred to study these defects by simulation methods. However, traditional FEM often has the problems of convergency difficulty and time consuming for solving complex large deformation problems. Therefore, in this study, a mixed explicit-implicit FEM, was adopted for solving the thermo-mechanical coupled process of the stretch-reduction hot rolling. Multidimensional heat transfer as well as mechanical boundary conditions were acted simultaneously, and the accuracy of the model was validated by industrial experiments. Results showed that the simulation results are very consistent with the actual rolling results. Three typical rolling defects were accurately predicted, i.e., inner hexagon, thickened ends and linear mark. Besides, it is discovered that the uneven distributions of stress, strain and temperature are important causes for the rolling defects, and these influences are also presented and discussed. This paper presents an efficient and precise numerical modelling method so as to provide theoretical guidance for the production of ultra-thick wall pipes.
{"title":"Defects analysis of the ultra-thick steel pipes using a mixed explicit–implicit FEM","authors":"Yong-Zheng Jiang, Ya-Fan Hu, Z. Fu, Shengqing Zhu","doi":"10.1051/metal/2021101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2021101","url":null,"abstract":"The ultra-thick wall steel pipes are very likely to have quality defects in stretch-reduction hot rolling process, and it is preferred to study these defects by simulation methods. However, traditional FEM often has the problems of convergency difficulty and time consuming for solving complex large deformation problems. Therefore, in this study, a mixed explicit-implicit FEM, was adopted for solving the thermo-mechanical coupled process of the stretch-reduction hot rolling. Multidimensional heat transfer as well as mechanical boundary conditions were acted simultaneously, and the accuracy of the model was validated by industrial experiments. Results showed that the simulation results are very consistent with the actual rolling results. Three typical rolling defects were accurately predicted, i.e., inner hexagon, thickened ends and linear mark. Besides, it is discovered that the uneven distributions of stress, strain and temperature are important causes for the rolling defects, and these influences are also presented and discussed. This paper presents an efficient and precise numerical modelling method so as to provide theoretical guidance for the production of ultra-thick wall pipes.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77804667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wen-long Lin, Hui Wang, Donghui Liu, Hongwei Xing, Chao Liu, Yuzhu Zhang, S. Li
Efficient utilization of iron and steel slag is one of the important measures to achieve peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality in the iron and steel industry. Improving the recycling rate of iron and steel slag has become an urgent problem to be solved by scholars and enterprises at home and abroad. Therefore, it is of great significance to continuously optimize the recycling process of iron and steel slag and waste heat recovery technology. By comparing and analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of different granulation processes for iron and steel slag, the disadvantages of using dry or wet granulation processes alone for iron and steel slag are pointed out in this paper. Then, a combined granulation process mode combining dry and wet processes is proposed to improve the processing efficiency of molten slag. The increase in resource conversion rate and the quality of granulated slag after primary granulating of iron and steel slag contribute to reducing the amount of slag to be treated secondarily. Furthermore, the energy consumption and pollutant emissions of slag secondary treatment will be decreased as well. It is intended to provide a reference for slag treatment technology and slag utilization rate expansion in iron and steel enterprises.
{"title":"Research progress on granulation process of iron and steel slag","authors":"Wen-long Lin, Hui Wang, Donghui Liu, Hongwei Xing, Chao Liu, Yuzhu Zhang, S. Li","doi":"10.1051/metal/2021100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2021100","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient utilization of iron and steel slag is one of the important measures to achieve peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality in the iron and steel industry. Improving the recycling rate of iron and steel slag has become an urgent problem to be solved by scholars and enterprises at home and abroad. Therefore, it is of great significance to continuously optimize the recycling process of iron and steel slag and waste heat recovery technology. By comparing and analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of different granulation processes for iron and steel slag, the disadvantages of using dry or wet granulation processes alone for iron and steel slag are pointed out in this paper. Then, a combined granulation process mode combining dry and wet processes is proposed to improve the processing efficiency of molten slag. The increase in resource conversion rate and the quality of granulated slag after primary granulating of iron and steel slag contribute to reducing the amount of slag to be treated secondarily. Furthermore, the energy consumption and pollutant emissions of slag secondary treatment will be decreased as well. It is intended to provide a reference for slag treatment technology and slag utilization rate expansion in iron and steel enterprises.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"298 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72928325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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