Jian Kang, Yan-chong Yu, Zhang Jinling, Chao Chen, She-bin Wang
The effect of rare earth (RE) on inclusion in HRB500E steel was studied based on plant trials. The results showed that S decreased by 47.6% after 0.0059% RE treatment. In samples without RE treatment, the inclusions change from Al2O3-MnO to ellipsoidal Al2O3-MnO-CaO complex inclusion, and the size of such inclusions is ≤ 2 µm and isolated strip MnS inclusion with the size of ≥ 2 µm. With RE treatment, Al2O3-MnO-CaO inclusions are transformed into spherical or ellipsoidal REAlO3 and REAlO3-MnS. The size of such inclusions is ≈ 1.5 µm and single MnS inclusions were not found. The number density and size of inclusions changed significantly after RE treatment. Thermodynamic calculations show that the Gibbs free energy of RE inclusions is more negative and more stable. The transformation model of inclusions is established to illustrate the modification of inclusions during the smelting process.
{"title":"Effect of rare earth on inclusion evolution in industrial production of HRB500E steel","authors":"Jian Kang, Yan-chong Yu, Zhang Jinling, Chao Chen, She-bin Wang","doi":"10.1051/METAL/2021022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/METAL/2021022","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of rare earth (RE) on inclusion in HRB500E steel was studied based on plant trials. The results showed that S decreased by 47.6% after 0.0059% RE treatment. In samples without RE treatment, the inclusions change from Al2O3-MnO to ellipsoidal Al2O3-MnO-CaO complex inclusion, and the size of such inclusions is ≤ 2 µm and isolated strip MnS inclusion with the size of ≥ 2 µm. With RE treatment, Al2O3-MnO-CaO inclusions are transformed into spherical or ellipsoidal REAlO3 and REAlO3-MnS. The size of such inclusions is ≈ 1.5 µm and single MnS inclusions were not found. The number density and size of inclusions changed significantly after RE treatment. Thermodynamic calculations show that the Gibbs free energy of RE inclusions is more negative and more stable. The transformation model of inclusions is established to illustrate the modification of inclusions during the smelting process.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"112 1","pages":"220"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85388554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effects of titanium addition (0 wt.%, 0.2 wt.%, and 0.5 wt.%) on the boron removal from metallurgical-grade silicon during slag refining have been studied. According to the findings, the addition of Ti improved the removal of 92.5 wt.% B with 0.5 wt.% Ti addition compared to 79.4 wt.% B removal without Ti addition. Furthermore, acid leaching reduced excess Ti to 27 ppmw.
{"title":"Enhancement of boron removal from metallurgical-grade silicon by titanium addition during slag refining","authors":"Ya-qiong Li, Lifeng Zhang, Ligang Liu","doi":"10.1051/metal/2021085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2021085","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of titanium addition (0 wt.%, 0.2 wt.%, and 0.5 wt.%) on the boron removal from metallurgical-grade silicon during slag refining have been studied. According to the findings, the addition of Ti improved the removal of 92.5 wt.% B with 0.5 wt.% Ti addition compared to 79.4 wt.% B removal without Ti addition. Furthermore, acid leaching reduced excess Ti to 27 ppmw.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83428810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Using ultra-fine wire saw to cut solar grade silicon wafer is a very precise technology. In the past 20 years, researchers have done a lot of research and made great progress. The cutting method of silicon rod has developed from single line cutting to multi line simultaneous cutting, which greatly improves the production efficiency and the yield of silicon rod. However, the problems of high cutting loss, low cutting efficiency, and large surface damage of silicon wafer need to be solved; The surface of wire saw line has developed from smooth surface to coated diamond abrasive, which greatly improves the service life of wire saw line; The method of coated diamond abrasive on the surface of wire saw line has developed from resin consolidation to electroplating consolidation, which greatly improves the service life of wire saw line it improves the firmness of the coating; The arrangement of wire saw wire has developed from single wire to multi wire stranding, which makes the wire saw wire can cut large-size silicon rod; The minimum thickness of silicon wafer that can be cut is about 100–140 µm according to the perspective of stress analysis, while the excetive value should be located by more research.
{"title":"Recent advances of silicon wafer cutting technology for photovoltaic industry","authors":"Chang-yong Chen, Meng Sun, Xiao-qing Chen, Yi Wang, Zhouhua Jiang, Jianan Zhou","doi":"10.1051/metal/2021091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2021091","url":null,"abstract":"Using ultra-fine wire saw to cut solar grade silicon wafer is a very precise technology. In the past 20 years, researchers have done a lot of research and made great progress. The cutting method of silicon rod has developed from single line cutting to multi line simultaneous cutting, which greatly improves the production efficiency and the yield of silicon rod. However, the problems of high cutting loss, low cutting efficiency, and large surface damage of silicon wafer need to be solved; The surface of wire saw line has developed from smooth surface to coated diamond abrasive, which greatly improves the service life of wire saw line; The method of coated diamond abrasive on the surface of wire saw line has developed from resin consolidation to electroplating consolidation, which greatly improves the service life of wire saw line it improves the firmness of the coating; The arrangement of wire saw wire has developed from single wire to multi wire stranding, which makes the wire saw wire can cut large-size silicon rod; The minimum thickness of silicon wafer that can be cut is about 100–140 µm according to the perspective of stress analysis, while the excetive value should be located by more research.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91025386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Nguyen, G. Cailletaud, F. Barbe, B. Marini, D. Nguyen, H. Phan
This paper presents the identification of dislocation-density-based crystal plasticity parameters for a A508 Cl3 bainite steel in non-irradiated and irradiated states and at different temperatures. The representative volume element for the identification process is a cube containing 1000 steel grains represented by a Voronoi mosaic discretized by finite elements. The grains are assigned crystallographic orientations corresponding to an isotropic texture. The crystal constitutive model is based on a plastic flow law, a hardening law, and a law of evolution of dislocation densities. Modeling parameters are determined by a two-step calculation with two different crystal structures: (1) using a simple structure with 343 identical grains to identify 7 parameters, (2) using a Voronoi tessellation of 1000 grains to refine the parameters. Thereafter, the calculated stress-strain curves are compared with experimental stress-strain curves. The results show that the simulated stress-strain curves are in good agreement with those of experiments, highlighting the reliability of the proposed procedure to account for the significant effects of irradiation and temperature.
{"title":"Identification of crystal plasticity parameters for a non-irradiated and irradiated A508 bainite steel","authors":"C. Nguyen, G. Cailletaud, F. Barbe, B. Marini, D. Nguyen, H. Phan","doi":"10.1051/METAL/2021006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/METAL/2021006","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the identification of dislocation-density-based crystal plasticity parameters for a A508 Cl3 bainite steel in non-irradiated and irradiated states and at different temperatures. The representative volume element for the identification process is a cube containing 1000 steel grains represented by a Voronoi mosaic discretized by finite elements. The grains are assigned crystallographic orientations corresponding to an isotropic texture. The crystal constitutive model is based on a plastic flow law, a hardening law, and a law of evolution of dislocation densities. Modeling parameters are determined by a two-step calculation with two different crystal structures: (1) using a simple structure with 343 identical grains to identify 7 parameters, (2) using a Voronoi tessellation of 1000 grains to refine the parameters. Thereafter, the calculated stress-strain curves are compared with experimental stress-strain curves. The results show that the simulated stress-strain curves are in good agreement with those of experiments, highlighting the reliability of the proposed procedure to account for the significant effects of irradiation and temperature.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":"204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89125821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
7075-T651 aluminium alloy sheets were overlapped and friction stir spot welded using two welding tools having different pin geometries (one with a conical pin and other with a triangular pin) and 800, 1200 and 1600 revolution per minute (rpm) tool rotation speeds at a constant tool plunge and removal speed of 7.3 mm/min, tool plunge depth of 3.8 mm and tool dwell time of 5 s. Microstructure, Vickers microhardness, tensile shear strength, fracture surface after tensile shear test and impact energy of the produced friction stir spot welds were examined. As a result, the welds made via triangular pin tool had considerably higher tensile shear loads than the welds made via conical pin tool since the weld bond widths (stir zones) of the welds made via triangular pin tool were larger. The strongest welds made at 1200 rpm for conical pin tool and triangular pin tool. The tensile shear loads of the welds increased significantly when tool rotation speed increased from 800 to 1200 rpm for both welding tools and then decreased slightly for triangular pin tool and dramatically for conical pin tool with further increasing tool rotation speed from 1200 to 1600 rpm. Maximum tensile shear load of 7.776 kN and impact energy of 16 J obtained in the weld made at 1200 rpm using triangular pin tool. The welds made at 800 rpm had lowest impact energy. The lowest hardness values found in the heat affected zones of the welds. Circumferential fracture mode for conical pin tool welds and nugget pull-out fracture mode for triangular pin tool welds observed after tensile tests.
{"title":"Effect of tool pin geometry on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir spot welds of 7075-T651 aluminium alloy","authors":"O. Ekinci, Z. Balalan","doi":"10.1051/METAL/2020093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/METAL/2020093","url":null,"abstract":"7075-T651 aluminium alloy sheets were overlapped and friction stir spot welded using two welding tools having different pin geometries (one with a conical pin and other with a triangular pin) and 800, 1200 and 1600 revolution per minute (rpm) tool rotation speeds at a constant tool plunge and removal speed of 7.3 mm/min, tool plunge depth of 3.8 mm and tool dwell time of 5 s. Microstructure, Vickers microhardness, tensile shear strength, fracture surface after tensile shear test and impact energy of the produced friction stir spot welds were examined. As a result, the welds made via triangular pin tool had considerably higher tensile shear loads than the welds made via conical pin tool since the weld bond widths (stir zones) of the welds made via triangular pin tool were larger. The strongest welds made at 1200 rpm for conical pin tool and triangular pin tool. The tensile shear loads of the welds increased significantly when tool rotation speed increased from 800 to 1200 rpm for both welding tools and then decreased slightly for triangular pin tool and dramatically for conical pin tool with further increasing tool rotation speed from 1200 to 1600 rpm. Maximum tensile shear load of 7.776 kN and impact energy of 16 J obtained in the weld made at 1200 rpm using triangular pin tool. The welds made at 800 rpm had lowest impact energy. The lowest hardness values found in the heat affected zones of the welds. Circumferential fracture mode for conical pin tool welds and nugget pull-out fracture mode for triangular pin tool welds observed after tensile tests.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"17 1","pages":"110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85130168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Szeliga, Natalia Czyżewska, Konrad Klimczak, J. Kusiak, Pawel M. Morkisz, P. Oprocha, M. Pietrzyk, Paweł Przybyłowicz
Microstructure evolution model based on the differential equation describing evolution of dislocations was proposed. Sensitivity analysis was performed and parameters with the strongest influence on the output of the model were revealed. Identification of the model coefficients was performed for various metallic materials using inverse analysis for experimental data. The model was implemented in the finite element code and simulations of various hot forming processes were performed.
{"title":"Sensitivity analysis, identification and validation of the dislocation density-based model for metallic materials","authors":"D. Szeliga, Natalia Czyżewska, Konrad Klimczak, J. Kusiak, Pawel M. Morkisz, P. Oprocha, M. Pietrzyk, Paweł Przybyłowicz","doi":"10.1051/METAL/2021037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/METAL/2021037","url":null,"abstract":"Microstructure evolution model based on the differential equation describing evolution of dislocations was proposed. Sensitivity analysis was performed and parameters with the strongest influence on the output of the model were revealed. Identification of the model coefficients was performed for various metallic materials using inverse analysis for experimental data. The model was implemented in the finite element code and simulations of various hot forming processes were performed.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"37 1","pages":"317"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84633442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present paper studied the experimental investigation on electrical discharge coating of ZE41A magnesium alloy (EDC) with tungsten carbide-copper (WC/Cu) powder metallurgy (PM) electrode. In order to attain the surface characteristics, three parameters were selected such as compaction load, current and pulse on time. Response characteristics such as material transfer rate (MTR) and surface roughness (Ra) were considered in this study. Central composite design in response surface methodology was applied to conduct experiments. Empirical models were developed for MTR and SR. AVOVA test was conducted to identify the most influence parameters. Additionally, optimized parameters were identified by response surface optimizer. It is observed that the current play a vital role in increasing the MTR and minimize the SR of the coated surface followed by compaction load and pulse on time. Various studies such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were carried out on the coated surface. Bulk mass deposition and bigger craters were observed in the surface coated with 150 MPa and 3A respectively.
{"title":"An investigation on electrical discharge metal matrix coating of ZE41A magnesium alloy","authors":"U. Elaiyarasan, V. Satheeshkumar, C. Senthilkumar","doi":"10.1051/METAL/2021034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/METAL/2021034","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper studied the experimental investigation on electrical discharge coating of ZE41A magnesium alloy (EDC) with tungsten carbide-copper (WC/Cu) powder metallurgy (PM) electrode. In order to attain the surface characteristics, three parameters were selected such as compaction load, current and pulse on time. Response characteristics such as material transfer rate (MTR) and surface roughness (Ra) were considered in this study. Central composite design in response surface methodology was applied to conduct experiments. Empirical models were developed for MTR and SR. AVOVA test was conducted to identify the most influence parameters. Additionally, optimized parameters were identified by response surface optimizer. It is observed that the current play a vital role in increasing the MTR and minimize the SR of the coated surface followed by compaction load and pulse on time. Various studies such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were carried out on the coated surface. Bulk mass deposition and bigger craters were observed in the surface coated with 150 MPa and 3A respectively.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"15 1","pages":"314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78046687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Macerals are microscopically recognizable organic entities found in coal. On the basis of their optical properties they are classified into three categories, liptinite, vitrinite, and inertinite. Reactive macerals, Vitrinite and liptinite, are responsible for the thermoplastic nature of coal during coke formation. It is also found that these macerals can be used for making some high valued products such as carbon fiber, BTX, liquefaction and gasification feedstock. There are various methods applied by different researchers for coal maceral separation method. This review aims to discuss the various properties of coal macerals and the different methodologies adopted for their separation.
{"title":"Coal macerals and their separation methodologies – A review","authors":"D. Nag, Govind Dubey, P. S. Dash, S. Mohapatra","doi":"10.1051/METAL/2021023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/METAL/2021023","url":null,"abstract":"Macerals are microscopically recognizable organic entities found in coal. On the basis of their optical properties they are classified into three categories, liptinite, vitrinite, and inertinite. Reactive macerals, Vitrinite and liptinite, are responsible for the thermoplastic nature of coal during coke formation. It is also found that these macerals can be used for making some high valued products such as carbon fiber, BTX, liquefaction and gasification feedstock. There are various methods applied by different researchers for coal maceral separation method. This review aims to discuss the various properties of coal macerals and the different methodologies adopted for their separation.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"27 1","pages":"311"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80345045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Narayanasamy Ananthi, U. Elaiyarasan, V. Satheeshkumar, C. Senthilkumar, S. Sathiyamurthy, K. Nallathambi
Magnesium and its alloys play a vital role in various applications such as automobile, aircraft, biomedical and military etc. Mg alloys have superior characteristics such as light weight, high strength, good damping capacity and easily castability etc. Eventhough it has attractive range of properties, the machining of magnesium alloys using conventional machining methods is difficult. To overcome that issue, non traditional machining is considered as a potential process. EDM is an electro thermal process extensively used for machining hard materials. In this investigation, the ZE41A magnesium alloy is machined using EDM with copper electrode. In order to improve surface characteristics such as material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (SR), various parameters namely current, pulse on time and pulse off time were selected. The regression values of MRR and SR are 97.20% and 99.62% respectively indicating an empirical relationship between the parameters and responses. Pulse off time was found as a significant parameter on the response followed by pulse on time and current. MRR and SR increased with increasing current, pulse on time and pulse off time. At a current of 5A, the produced spark density is high so that the removed quantity of material from the workpiece is high. At a pulse on time of 95 μs, the spark intensity is high affecting the local temperature in the machined zone, and hence MRR increases. SR drastically increases at increasing current. At higher current, large size crater are observed on the machined surface that made the surface rough, and hence SR increases.
{"title":"Parametric effect on material removal rate and surface roughness of electrical discharge machined magnesium alloy","authors":"Narayanasamy Ananthi, U. Elaiyarasan, V. Satheeshkumar, C. Senthilkumar, S. Sathiyamurthy, K. Nallathambi","doi":"10.1051/metal/2021089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2021089","url":null,"abstract":"Magnesium and its alloys play a vital role in various applications such as automobile, aircraft, biomedical and military etc. Mg alloys have superior characteristics such as light weight, high strength, good damping capacity and easily castability etc. Eventhough it has attractive range of properties, the machining of magnesium alloys using conventional machining methods is difficult. To overcome that issue, non traditional machining is considered as a potential process. EDM is an electro thermal process extensively used for machining hard materials. In this investigation, the ZE41A magnesium alloy is machined using EDM with copper electrode. In order to improve surface characteristics such as material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (SR), various parameters namely current, pulse on time and pulse off time were selected. The regression values of MRR and SR are 97.20% and 99.62% respectively indicating an empirical relationship between the parameters and responses. Pulse off time was found as a significant parameter on the response followed by pulse on time and current. MRR and SR increased with increasing current, pulse on time and pulse off time. At a current of 5A, the produced spark density is high so that the removed quantity of material from the workpiece is high. At a pulse on time of 95 μs, the spark intensity is high affecting the local temperature in the machined zone, and hence MRR increases. SR drastically increases at increasing current. At higher current, large size crater are observed on the machined surface that made the surface rough, and hence SR increases.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77375254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Impurity removal from Cu-Zn (brass) alloy is an important issue for copper feedstock production. This study investigated brass alloy purification through the slag refining process using two kinds of agents, namely Cu2 O and ZnO. The results showed that using ZnO as the slag to purify brass alloy for 1 h can remove impurities, such as Al, Pb, Fe, Ca, and Si, among which the removal efficiencies of Si reached to 60%. After the ZnO slag refining, the Zn loss ratio was only approximately 2%; thus, the brass alloy composition remained stable. The slag refining process using ZnO-contained slag did not only realize brass purification, but also maintained the brass composition stability.
{"title":"Impurity removal from brass alloy by slag refining treatment","authors":"Ya-qiong Li, Lifeng Zhang, Xinyu Cai, Ying Zhang, Ligang Liu, Zhen-Hua Zhao","doi":"10.1051/METAL/2021017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/METAL/2021017","url":null,"abstract":"Impurity removal from Cu-Zn (brass) alloy is an important issue for copper feedstock production. This study investigated brass alloy purification through the slag refining process using two kinds of agents, namely Cu2 O and ZnO. The results showed that using ZnO as the slag to purify brass alloy for 1 h can remove impurities, such as Al, Pb, Fe, Ca, and Si, among which the removal efficiencies of Si reached to 60%. After the ZnO slag refining, the Zn loss ratio was only approximately 2%; thus, the brass alloy composition remained stable. The slag refining process using ZnO-contained slag did not only realize brass purification, but also maintained the brass composition stability.","PeriodicalId":18527,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical Research & Technology","volume":"35 4 1","pages":"216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89745060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：