R. A. Nugroho, V. I. Meitiniarti, Chrisseptina Damayanti
Phosphorus is the most important key element in the nutrition of plants. Although P is abundant in soils, it is a major limiting factor for plant growth as it is in an unavailable form for roots uptake. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) has ability to convert insoluble form of P to an available form. This study was aimed at screening and characterizing phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from manure and different soils and to ascertain a potential benefit to use mixed cultures to improve P solubilization. A total of 12 PSB colonies were isolated on Pikovskaya's agar medium containing tricalcium phosphate. Out of 12 bacterial isolates, 2 isolates showed high phosphate solubilization index (2.17 and 1.83, respectively) were selected for further study. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, PSB3 was closely related to Burkholderia contaminans (99%), and PSB11 was closely related to Acinetobacter baumannii (99%). The mean P dissolved in liquid cultures of PSB3 and PSB11 in a 14-day -1 incubation were 96.7 and 39.3 mg l , respectively. Mixed inoculation of B. contaminans PSB3 and A. baumannii PSB11 could not increase the solubilization activity significantly, suggesting there is antagonistic behavior of one isolate towards another. As the interaction of these two isolates may be antagonistic, co-inoculation of these bacteria for P solubilization is not recommended. However, further study is needed to confirm these results.
{"title":"Antagonistic Effect of Two Indigenous Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria, Burkholderia contaminans PSB3 and Acinetobacter baumannii PSB11 Isolated from Different Crop Soils","authors":"R. A. Nugroho, V. I. Meitiniarti, Chrisseptina Damayanti","doi":"10.5454/mi.14.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5454/mi.14.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphorus is the most important key element in the nutrition of plants. Although P is abundant in soils, it is a major limiting factor for plant growth as it is in an unavailable form for roots uptake. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) has ability to convert insoluble form of P to an available form. This study was aimed at screening and characterizing phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from manure and different soils and to ascertain a potential benefit to use mixed cultures to improve P solubilization. A total of 12 PSB colonies were isolated on Pikovskaya's agar medium containing tricalcium phosphate. Out of 12 bacterial isolates, 2 isolates showed high phosphate solubilization index (2.17 and 1.83, respectively) were selected for further study. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, PSB3 was closely related to Burkholderia contaminans (99%), and PSB11 was closely related to Acinetobacter baumannii (99%). The mean P dissolved in liquid cultures of PSB3 and PSB11 in a 14-day -1 incubation were 96.7 and 39.3 mg l , respectively. Mixed inoculation of B. contaminans PSB3 and A. baumannii PSB11 could not increase the solubilization activity significantly, suggesting there is antagonistic behavior of one isolate towards another. As the interaction of these two isolates may be antagonistic, co-inoculation of these bacteria for P solubilization is not recommended. However, further study is needed to confirm these results.","PeriodicalId":18546,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology Indonesia","volume":"12 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85901553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. D. Nurtjahyani, Dwi Oktafitria, S. Sriwulan, N. Maulidina, I. Cintamulya, E. Purnomo
{"title":"Utilization of Leaves in Mine Reclamation Land as Organic Fertilizer with Effective Bioactivatory of Microorganism 4 (em4) and Molasses","authors":"S. D. Nurtjahyani, Dwi Oktafitria, S. Sriwulan, N. Maulidina, I. Cintamulya, E. Purnomo","doi":"10.5454/mi.14.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5454/mi.14.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18546,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology Indonesia","volume":"08 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86194969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cellulase enzymes can be isolated from thermophilic bacteria obtained from the hot spring Ie Seuum, Aceh Besar. This research aimed to recover and characterize the isolates morphologically and biochemically followed by determination of the thermophile bacterial isolates potential as cellulolytic enzyme producers, The sampling o o o method in this research was conducted by a purposive sampling at temperature of 70 C, 60 C, and 50 C. Isolation of thermophilic bacteria was carried out on nutrient agar (NA) media. There were four isolates of thermophilic o o o bacteria isolated recovered at 70 C, five isolates at 60 C, and seven isolates at 50 C. Of the 18 isolates obtained, 15 of them were able to produce cellulase enzymes. Cellulase enzyme production can be determined by the presence of clear zones around bacterial colonies on CMC media after addition of 1% congo red drops and wash with 1 M NaCl. The highest five Cellulolytic Index (CI) values w ere obtained from isolates ISB75; ISB64; ISB52; ISB54; and ISB56 that were 1.23; 2.22; 1.39; 1.59; and 1.10, respectively. Biochemical tests carried out on 5 isolates with the highest cellulolytic index values showed that the bacterial isolate were suspected to be from the genera of Bacillus sp.
{"title":"Isolation and Characterization of Thermophilic Bacteria as Cellulolytic Enzyme Producer from the Hot Spring of Ie Seuum Aceh Besar, Indonesia","authors":"Ruhul Khalila, L. Fitri, S. Suhartono","doi":"10.5454/mi.14.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5454/mi.14.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Cellulase enzymes can be isolated from thermophilic bacteria obtained from the hot spring Ie Seuum, Aceh Besar. This research aimed to recover and characterize the isolates morphologically and biochemically followed by determination of the thermophile bacterial isolates potential as cellulolytic enzyme producers, The sampling o o o method in this research was conducted by a purposive sampling at temperature of 70 C, 60 C, and 50 C. Isolation of thermophilic bacteria was carried out on nutrient agar (NA) media. There were four isolates of thermophilic o o o bacteria isolated recovered at 70 C, five isolates at 60 C, and seven isolates at 50 C. Of the 18 isolates obtained, 15 of them were able to produce cellulase enzymes. Cellulase enzyme production can be determined by the presence of clear zones around bacterial colonies on CMC media after addition of 1% congo red drops and wash with 1 M NaCl. The highest five Cellulolytic Index (CI) values w ere obtained from isolates ISB75; ISB64; ISB52; ISB54; and ISB56 that were 1.23; 2.22; 1.39; 1.59; and 1.10, respectively. Biochemical tests carried out on 5 isolates with the highest cellulolytic index values showed that the bacterial isolate were suspected to be from the genera of Bacillus sp.","PeriodicalId":18546,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology Indonesia","volume":"38 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88501893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haniyya Haniyya, Dini Achnafani, M. Ulfah, N. Nurhayati, I. Helianti
Strong promoters are one of the fundamental aspects to increase the level of gene expression, and one of approach to improve the recombinant enzyme productivity so that the efficiency of production cost for enzyme production in industrial scale can be reached. Here we assessed the application of a cell density-dependent promoter and media optimation to promote cell growth and protein expression of Bacillus subtilis without excess usage of inducers. An auto-inducible Pylb promoter that is potential to provide inducer-free enzyme production was cloned and introduced into xylanase recombinant system in B. subtilis DB104 by PCR cloning and protoplast transformation. A 200 bp target gene was successfully inserted in between xynCM1 ORF -coding for B. halodurans CM1 xylanase- and its native promoter sequence at the upstream region. The disruption of the native promoter was intended to replace the native promoter with Pylb. Recombinant xylanase gene under Pylb was successfully expressed in B. subtilis DB104 and the enzyme was produced at stationary phase. Different media with various concentrations of glucose and nitrogen were used to optimize recombinant xylanase expression. It achieved a higher level of xylanase expression compared to wild-type and recombinant xylanase with native promoter B. subtilis in media containing a 2-fold recipe of LB media thus leads to increase cell density and xylanase expression (81.461 U mL-1).
强启动子是提高基因表达水平的基础之一，也是提高重组酶生产效率的途径之一，从而达到工业化规模酶生产的生产成本效率。在这里，我们评估了细胞密度依赖启动子和培养基优化的应用，以促进枯草芽孢杆菌的细胞生长和蛋白质表达，而不过量使用诱导剂。通过PCR克隆和原生质体转化，克隆出一个具有自诱导能力的Pylb启动子，并将其引入枯草芽孢杆菌DB104的木聚糖酶重组体系中。成功地将一个200 bp的靶基因插入到编码b.h halodurans CM1木聚糖酶的xynCM1 ORF和上游区域的原生启动子序列之间。破坏原生启动子的目的是用Pylb代替原生启动子。在Pylb下成功地在枯草芽孢杆菌DB104中表达了重组木聚糖酶基因，并在固定相生产了该酶。利用不同浓度葡萄糖和氮的培养基优化重组木聚糖酶的表达。在含有2倍LB培养基的培养基中，与野生型和天然启动子枯草芽孢杆菌的重组木聚糖酶相比，它的木聚糖酶表达水平更高，从而增加了细胞密度和木聚糖酶表达量(81.461 U mL-1)。
{"title":"The utilization of auto-inducible Plyb promoter and media optimation for cell density-dependent expression of recombinant xylanase in Bacillus subtilis DB104","authors":"Haniyya Haniyya, Dini Achnafani, M. Ulfah, N. Nurhayati, I. Helianti","doi":"10.5454/mi.14.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5454/mi.14.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Strong promoters are one of the fundamental aspects to increase the level of gene expression, and one of approach to improve the recombinant enzyme productivity so that the efficiency of production cost for enzyme production in industrial scale can be reached. Here we assessed the application of a cell density-dependent promoter and media optimation to promote cell growth and protein expression of Bacillus subtilis without excess usage of inducers. An auto-inducible Pylb promoter that is potential to provide inducer-free enzyme production was cloned and introduced into xylanase recombinant system in B. subtilis DB104 by PCR cloning and protoplast transformation. A 200 bp target gene was successfully inserted in between xynCM1 ORF -coding for B. halodurans CM1 xylanase- and its native promoter sequence at the upstream region. The disruption of the native promoter was intended to replace the native promoter with Pylb. Recombinant xylanase gene under Pylb was successfully expressed in B. subtilis DB104 and the enzyme was produced at stationary phase. Different media with various concentrations of glucose and nitrogen were used to optimize recombinant xylanase expression. It achieved a higher level of xylanase expression compared to wild-type and recombinant xylanase with native promoter B. subtilis in media containing a 2-fold recipe of LB media thus leads to increase cell density and xylanase expression (81.461 U mL-1).","PeriodicalId":18546,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology Indonesia","volume":"26 7 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74921313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Star anise (Illicium verum Hook. f.) is commonly used as spice and flavor enhancer in food. Previous research revealed the presence of active compound which could inhibit bacterial growth. Thus, in order to apply star anise as natural antibacterial agent in food product, a further research concerning antibacterial activity and stability of star anise was conducted. Crude extract of star anise was obtained using ethanol and acetone with maceration method for 3 days, then diluted to 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% (w/v). Well diffusion was conducted against three food spoilage bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Bacillus cereus). Extract from ethanol with 30% concentration was selected as the best extract in which inhibit more than 6 mm inhibition zone with MIC and MBC value: 1.59% and 6.36% (S. aureus), 1.04% and 4.18% (E. coli), and 0.59% and 2.39% (B. cereus). This selected extract was used to test the extract stability against 4 levels of heating temperature (60, 70, 80, and 90°C) for 2 levels of heating time (15 and 30 minutes), and 4 levels of pH (4, 5, 6, and 7). Based on our results, different heating treatment and pH caused extract instability. Star anise extract was more stable at 60°C for 15 minutes heating treatment and pH 4, which resulting the lowest inhibition zone reduction compared to control extract. Star anise extract was categorized as low toxic compound (LC50 = 212.09 ppm). Terpenoids (anethole, 2,6-dimethyl-6-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-2-norpinene, β-caryophyllene, β-bisabolene) was founded as major antibacterial compound in star anise extract; fatty acid (6-octadecenoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, stearic acid) and benzaldehyde (4-anisaldehyde, p-allylanisole) were also founded as minor compound.
{"title":"Antibacterial Potential of Star Anise (Illicium verum Hook. f.) Against Food Pathogen Bacteria","authors":"Eveline Eveline, Agustin Novita","doi":"10.5454/mi.14.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5454/mi.14.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Star anise (Illicium verum Hook. f.) is commonly used as spice and flavor enhancer in food. Previous research revealed the presence of active compound which could inhibit bacterial growth. Thus, in order to apply star anise as natural antibacterial agent in food product, a further research concerning antibacterial activity and stability of star anise was conducted. Crude extract of star anise was obtained using ethanol and acetone with maceration method for 3 days, then diluted to 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% (w/v). Well diffusion was conducted against three food spoilage bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Bacillus cereus). Extract from ethanol with 30% concentration was selected as the best extract in which inhibit more than 6 mm inhibition zone with MIC and MBC value: 1.59% and 6.36% (S. aureus), 1.04% and 4.18% (E. coli), and 0.59% and 2.39% (B. cereus). This selected extract was used to test the extract stability against 4 levels of heating temperature (60, 70, 80, and 90°C) for 2 levels of heating time (15 and 30 minutes), and 4 levels of pH (4, 5, 6, and 7). Based on our results, different heating treatment and pH caused extract instability. Star anise extract was more stable at 60°C for 15 minutes heating treatment and pH 4, which resulting the lowest inhibition zone reduction compared to control extract. Star anise extract was categorized as low toxic compound (LC50 = 212.09 ppm). Terpenoids (anethole, 2,6-dimethyl-6-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-2-norpinene, β-caryophyllene, β-bisabolene) was founded as major antibacterial compound in star anise extract; fatty acid (6-octadecenoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, stearic acid) and benzaldehyde (4-anisaldehyde, p-allylanisole) were also founded as minor compound.","PeriodicalId":18546,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology Indonesia","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85837134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Sanwani, Nuslia Bayangkara Lamandhi, Halimatul Husni, S. Chaerun, W. Astuti, F. R. Mufakhir
Given the low-cost and eco-friendly method, biotechnology has been widely utilized in industries as an alternative for physical and chemical processes, including in the biomining process (e.g., bioflotation and biobeneficiation). However, the use of biochemical reagent, which is selective for certain minerals, has not been well studied. This research was aimed to investigate the potential use of biosurfactant-producing mixotrophic bacteria as an alternative to chemical reagents during bioflotation and biobeneficiation process. Thirteen bacterial strains were investigated for their ability to produce biosurfactants and their effects on the surface properties of pyrite minerals. Bacteria-pyrite interaction experimental results showed that pyrite surface properties became more hydrophilic in the experimental systems inoculated with bacteria adapted with pyrite for 48 h than that without bacterial adaptation to pyrite, which was evidenced by the decrease in the contact angle of pyrite minerals by up to 50%. This evidence was also confirmed by the highest emulsifying index value (51.6%) attained during the bacteria-pyrite interaction. Hence, these bacteria can potentially be applied to selective flotation as pyrite depressants.
{"title":"Influence of indigenous mixotrophic bacteria on pyrite surface chemistry: Implications for bioflotation","authors":"E. Sanwani, Nuslia Bayangkara Lamandhi, Halimatul Husni, S. Chaerun, W. Astuti, F. R. Mufakhir","doi":"10.5454/mi.14.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5454/mi.14.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Given the low-cost and eco-friendly method, biotechnology has been widely utilized in industries as an alternative for physical and chemical processes, including in the biomining process (e.g., bioflotation and biobeneficiation). However, the use of biochemical reagent, which is selective for certain minerals, has not been well studied. This research was aimed to investigate the potential use of biosurfactant-producing mixotrophic bacteria as an alternative to chemical reagents during bioflotation and biobeneficiation process. Thirteen bacterial strains were investigated for their ability to produce biosurfactants and their effects on the surface properties of pyrite minerals. Bacteria-pyrite interaction experimental results showed that pyrite surface properties became more hydrophilic in the experimental systems inoculated with bacteria adapted with pyrite for 48 h than that without bacterial adaptation to pyrite, which was evidenced by the decrease in the contact angle of pyrite minerals by up to 50%. This evidence was also confirmed by the highest emulsifying index value (51.6%) attained during the bacteria-pyrite interaction. Hence, these bacteria can potentially be applied to selective flotation as pyrite depressants.","PeriodicalId":18546,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology Indonesia","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87043095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Edwin Yonathan Gurning Gurning, Amos Imanuel, Nina Juliana Roberta Turnip, A. Manurung
The high demand of Arthrospiraplatensis as a veritable protein source encourages its mass production worldwide. Currently, mass production of Arthrospiraplatensis is hindered by the relatively high price of the growth media. Recently, it is discovered that Arthrospiraplatensis can be cultivated using buffalo dung as an alternative medium. Buffalo dung is an excellent source of nitrogen and phosphorus which are principal macronutrients for the growth of Arthospiraplatensis. In addition to nitrogen and phosphorus, carbon is also a macronutrient that is important to the growth of microalgae. The carbon source used by the microalgae is carbon dioxide, which is consumed through photosynthesis. Carbon dioxide can be derived directly from the atmosphere as atmospheric CO2 existing as much as 0.04%-v/v in air, which can be provided directly using an aeration pump into the growth medium microalgae. During the aeration process, CO2 mass transfer occurs from the gaseous phase into the liquid phase. This research aims to investigate the effect of the aeration rate on the growth of the blue-green microalgae Arthrospiraplatensisusing buffalo dung media as an alternative medium. Arthrospiraplatensis will be cultivated on buffalo dung media using various aeration rates to determine the effect of aeration on the specific growth rate (µ). The air will also be pumped into the growth medium without Arthrospiraplatensis at the specific aeration rates to determine the mass transfer coefficient (kLa) that occurs from the air leading to growth medium. Analysis of mass transfer coefficient (kLa) of carbon dioxide will be conducted using the sulfite method. Variation of aeration that used in this research are 0.2 vvm; 0.4 vvm; 0.6 vvm; 1.2 vvm; 2.4 vvm that has mass transfer coefficient dan specific growth rate are 0.005 min-1 and 0.1987 day-1; 0.009 min-1 and 0.2279 day-1; 0.012 min-1 and 0.2044 day-1; 0.034 min-1 and 0.1918 day-1; 0.035 min-1 and µ in 2.4 vvm can’t determine, respectively.
{"title":"The Effect of Aeration Rate on the Growth of Blue Green Microalgae by Aspergillus oryzae in Buffalo Dung as Alternative Media","authors":"Edwin Yonathan Gurning Gurning, Amos Imanuel, Nina Juliana Roberta Turnip, A. Manurung","doi":"10.5454/mi.13.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5454/mi.13.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"The high demand of Arthrospiraplatensis as a veritable protein source encourages its mass production worldwide. Currently, mass production of Arthrospiraplatensis is hindered by the relatively high price of the growth media. Recently, it is discovered that Arthrospiraplatensis can be cultivated using buffalo dung as an alternative medium. Buffalo dung is an excellent source of nitrogen and phosphorus which are principal macronutrients for the growth of Arthospiraplatensis. In addition to nitrogen and phosphorus, carbon is also a macronutrient that is important to the growth of microalgae. The carbon source used by the microalgae is carbon dioxide, which is consumed through photosynthesis. Carbon dioxide can be derived directly from the atmosphere as atmospheric CO2 existing as much as 0.04%-v/v in air, which can be provided directly using an aeration pump into the growth medium microalgae. During the aeration process, CO2 mass transfer occurs from the gaseous phase into the liquid phase. This research aims to investigate the effect of the aeration rate on the growth of the blue-green microalgae Arthrospiraplatensisusing buffalo dung media as an alternative medium. Arthrospiraplatensis will be cultivated on buffalo dung media using various aeration rates to determine the effect of aeration on the specific growth rate (µ). The air will also be pumped into the growth medium without Arthrospiraplatensis at the specific aeration rates to determine the mass transfer coefficient (kLa) that occurs from the air leading to growth medium. Analysis of mass transfer coefficient (kLa) of carbon dioxide will be conducted using the sulfite method. Variation of aeration that used in this research are 0.2 vvm; 0.4 vvm; 0.6 vvm; 1.2 vvm; 2.4 vvm that has mass transfer coefficient dan specific growth rate are 0.005 min-1 and 0.1987 day-1; 0.009 min-1 and 0.2279 day-1; 0.012 min-1 and 0.2044 day-1; 0.034 min-1 and 0.1918 day-1; 0.035 min-1 and µ in 2.4 vvm can’t determine, respectively.","PeriodicalId":18546,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology Indonesia","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86186741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meva Gustina E. Sidauruk, Surya Ningsih Hutauruk, M. M. Martgrita, A. Manurung
Toba banana peel waste is derived from Toba banana fruit (Musa acuminata Colla) processing. Local people utilized banana peel waste usually as livestock feed. The waste also can make an environmental problem if it is not handling well. Banana peel waste has a high content of carbohydrate that can be fermented to produce a more valuable product, one of which is citric acid. Citric acid is an organic acid that is consumed globally and produced in large quantities. In food and beverages industries, citric acid is used for various purposes due to its high solubility, non-toxic and good taste characteristics. The objective of this research is to determine the optimum conditions of submerged fermentation of banana peel to produce citric acid using Aspergillus niger. The treatments were various banana peel concentrations (5%, 10% and 15% w/v) added with 5% sucrose or 5% glucose (w/v). During the fermentation, pH was measured to determine pH changes indicated the production of citric acid. The results showed that the variation concentration of banana peel substrate and type of sugars affect citric acid production. The optimum condition of submerged fermentation by Aspergillus niger was obtained at 15% substrate concentration by adding 5% sucrose to produce 0.651% (w/v) of citric acid.
{"title":"Citric Acid Production from Toba Banana Peel (Musa acuminata Colla) through Submerged Fermentation using Aspergillus niger","authors":"Meva Gustina E. Sidauruk, Surya Ningsih Hutauruk, M. M. Martgrita, A. Manurung","doi":"10.5454/mi.13.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5454/mi.13.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Toba banana peel waste is derived from Toba banana fruit (Musa acuminata Colla) processing. Local people utilized banana peel waste usually as livestock feed. The waste also can make an environmental problem if it is not handling well. Banana peel waste has a high content of carbohydrate that can be fermented to produce a more valuable product, one of which is citric acid. Citric acid is an organic acid that is consumed globally and produced in large quantities. In food and beverages industries, citric acid is used for various purposes due to its high solubility, non-toxic and good taste characteristics. The objective of this research is to determine the optimum conditions of submerged fermentation of banana peel to produce citric acid using Aspergillus niger. The treatments were various banana peel concentrations (5%, 10% and 15% w/v) added with 5% sucrose or 5% glucose (w/v). During the fermentation, pH was measured to determine pH changes indicated the production of citric acid. The results showed that the variation concentration of banana peel substrate and type of sugars affect citric acid production. The optimum condition of submerged fermentation by Aspergillus niger was obtained at 15% substrate concentration by adding 5% sucrose to produce 0.651% (w/v) of citric acid.","PeriodicalId":18546,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology Indonesia","volume":"153 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74872122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhamad Taufiqul Naufal, Agustin Krisna Wardani, I. Helianti
Xylanase is an enzyme that can break down xylan into xylose and xylooligosaccharide that is widely used in industry. Seeing the many applications of this enzyme, researchers conducted many studies on how to increase the productivity and effectiveness of the xylanase enzyme. One of the method that can be used to increase the xylanase enzyme production process is by using recombinant DNA technology such as cloning. Bacillus halodurans CM1 is a local alkalothermophilic bacterium that potential producer for xylanase and other industrial enzymes. This research was conducted to clone the GH11 xylanase coding gene from Bacillus halodurans CM1 using pJET 1.2 / blunt plasmid as vector into Escherichia coli DH5α as cell host and determine the nucleotide base sequence of the GH11 xylanase coding gene from Bacillus halodurans CM1. The results showed the GH11 xylanase gene from Bacillus halodurans CM1 was successfully cloned in Esherichia coli DH5α and based on the results of BLAST nucleotides had 99% similarities with that of endo-1,4-beta -xylanhydrolase (xyn11A) from Bacillus halodurans C-125.
{"title":"Gene Cloning of Xylanase Glycoside Hydrolase Family 11 from Bacillus halodurans CM1 in Escherichia coli DH5α","authors":"Muhamad Taufiqul Naufal, Agustin Krisna Wardani, I. Helianti","doi":"10.5454/mi.13.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5454/mi.13.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"Xylanase is an enzyme that can break down xylan into xylose and xylooligosaccharide that is widely used in industry. Seeing the many applications of this enzyme, researchers conducted many studies on how to increase the productivity and effectiveness of the xylanase enzyme. One of the method that can be used to increase the xylanase enzyme production process is by using recombinant DNA technology such as cloning. Bacillus halodurans CM1 is a local alkalothermophilic bacterium that potential producer for xylanase and other industrial enzymes. This research was conducted to clone the GH11 xylanase coding gene from Bacillus halodurans CM1 using pJET 1.2 / blunt plasmid as vector into Escherichia coli DH5α as cell host and determine the nucleotide base sequence of the GH11 xylanase coding gene from Bacillus halodurans CM1. The results showed the GH11 xylanase gene from Bacillus halodurans CM1 was successfully cloned in Esherichia coli DH5α and based on the results of BLAST nucleotides had 99% similarities with that of endo-1,4-beta -xylanhydrolase (xyn11A) from Bacillus halodurans C-125.","PeriodicalId":18546,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology Indonesia","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85914780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hepatitis B remains a global public health problem. Infection from hepatitis B virus (HBV) can be transmittedthrough a blood test or a blood transfusion. This study was conducted to identify the prevalence of HBV infectionin blood donors based on examination of HBsAg titers . Blood donors from Tuban Red Cross used as sample. Themethod used in this research is HBsAg titers examination performed by ELISA according to the procedureoutlined in the Kit. HBsAg titers positive mostly found in men. In men from 13 samples (8.67%) are HBsAg titerspositive of 150 samples while in woman all negative for HBsAg titers from 137 samples. The average titer positivewas 3.095 with a standard deviation of 0.187. While HBsAg titers negative have average of 0.03 with a standarddeviation of 0.14. This study showed that the prevalence of HBV infection in blood donors is most numerous inmen with HBsAg titers positive number of 8.67%.
{"title":"Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Blood Donors Based on Titer Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Examination (HBsAg)","authors":"S. D. Nurtjahyani, R. Handajani","doi":"10.5454/mi.13.4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5454/mi.13.4.5","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis B remains a global public health problem. Infection from hepatitis B virus (HBV) can be transmittedthrough a blood test or a blood transfusion. This study was conducted to identify the prevalence of HBV infectionin blood donors based on examination of HBsAg titers . Blood donors from Tuban Red Cross used as sample. Themethod used in this research is HBsAg titers examination performed by ELISA according to the procedureoutlined in the Kit. HBsAg titers positive mostly found in men. In men from 13 samples (8.67%) are HBsAg titerspositive of 150 samples while in woman all negative for HBsAg titers from 137 samples. The average titer positivewas 3.095 with a standard deviation of 0.187. While HBsAg titers negative have average of 0.03 with a standarddeviation of 0.14. This study showed that the prevalence of HBV infection in blood donors is most numerous inmen with HBsAg titers positive number of 8.67%.","PeriodicalId":18546,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology Indonesia","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90634851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：