Microbiological research最新文献

{"title":"Effect of pathogen Globisporangium ultimum on plant growth and colonizing bacterial communities","authors":"Zhan-nan Yang ,&nbsp;Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Shi-qiong Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.micres.2024.127937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micres.2024.127937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plants recruit plant-associated microbes from soil to enhance their growth and mitigate the adverse effects of pathogen invasion on plant health. How pathogens impact the interactions of the plant-associated microbes and plant growth is poorly understood. We established S-microsystems (sterile soil inoculated with 101 bacteria isolated from humus soil with <em>Artemisia annua</em>, <em>Oryza sativa</em> or <em>Houttuynia cordata</em>), and N-microsystems (natural soil with these plants) to evaluate the effects of the fungus <em>Globisporangium ultimum</em> on plant growth and their colonizing bacterial communities (CBCs). S-microsystems and N-microsystems were inoculated with and without <em>G. ultimum</em>, respectively. Their seedling growth and CBCs were investigated. Plant height and root numbers in <em>A. annua</em>, <em>O. sativa and H. cordata</em> S-microsystems with <em>G. ultimum</em> were 34.5 % and 52.8 %, 23.1 % and 31.3 %, 102.1 % and 45.0 % higher than those without <em>G. ultimum</em>, respectively. The CBCs were diverse among S-microsystems of <em>A. annua</em>, <em>O. sativa</em> and <em>H. cordata</em>, and the CBC abundances in the three S-microsystems without <em>G. ultimum</em> were higher than those with <em>G. ultimum.</em> The relative abundances of bacterial genera <em>Rhizobium</em>, <em>Pseudomonas</em>, <em>Brevundimonas</em> and <em>Cupriavidus</em> were significantly positively related to plant growth. We determined that the CBCs in <em>A. annua</em>, <em>O. sativa</em> and <em>H. cordata</em> were selective and related to the plant species, and can mitigate disadvantageous influences of <em>G. ultimum</em> on seedling growth. The plants and their CBCs’ abundance and composition were differentially affected by <em>G. ultimum.</em> Our results provide evidence that CBCs promote plant growth due to dynamic changes in the composition and abundance of CBC members, which were affected by plant species and biotic factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18564,"journal":{"name":"Microbiological research","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 127937"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering cellular redox homeostasis to optimize ethanol production in xylose-fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains","authors":"Leandro Vieira dos Santos ,&nbsp;Thiago Neitzel ,&nbsp;Cleiton Santos Lima ,&nbsp;Lucas Miguel de Carvalho ,&nbsp;Tatiani Brenelli de Lima ,&nbsp;Jaciane Lutz Ienczak ,&nbsp;Thamy Lívia Ribeiro Corrêa ,&nbsp;Gonçalo Amarante Guimarães Pereira","doi":"10.1016/j.micres.2024.127955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micres.2024.127955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transition from fossil fuels dependency to embracing renewable alternatives is pivotal for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, with biorefineries playing a central role at the forefront of this transition. As a sustainable alternative, lignocellulosic feedstocks hold great promise for biofuels and biochemicals production. However, the effective utilization of complex sugars, such as xylose, remains a significant hurdle. To address this challenge, yeasts can be engineered as microbial platforms to convert the complex sugars derived from biomass. The efficient use of xylose by XR-XDH strains still poses a significant challenge due to redox imbalance limitations, leading to the accumulation of undesirable by-products. In this study, we focused on engineering the industrial <em>S. cerevisiae</em> strain PE-2, known for its robustness, and compared different strategies to balance cellular redox homeostasis, guided by a genome-scale metabolic model. Flux balance analysis guided the selection of four approaches: i. decoupling NADPH regeneration from CO₂ production; ii. altering XDH cofactor affinity; iii. shifting XR cofactor preference; iv. incorporating alternate phosphoketolase and acetic acid conversion pathways. A comparative time-course targeted metabolic profile was conducted to assess the redox status of xylose-fermenting cells under anaerobic conditions. The main limitations of xylose-fermenting strains were tested and the replacement of xylose reductase with a NADH-preferred XR in the LVY142 strain proved to be the most effective strategy, resulting in an increase in ethanol yield and productivity, coupled with a reduction in by-products. Comparative analysis of various genetic approaches provided valuable insights into the complexities of redox engineering, highlighting the need for tailored strategies in yeast metabolic engineering for efficient biofuels and biochemicals production from lignocellulosic feedstocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18564,"journal":{"name":"Microbiological research","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 127955"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular insights from integrated metabolome-transcriptome into endophyte Bacillus subtilis L1-21 surfactin against citrus Huanglongbing","authors":"Ayesha Ahmed,&nbsp;Yinglong Liu,&nbsp;Rizwan Khan,&nbsp;Pengbo He,&nbsp;Pengfei He,&nbsp;Yixin Wu,&nbsp;Shahzad Munir,&nbsp;Yueqiu He","doi":"10.1016/j.micres.2024.127942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micres.2024.127942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metabolites of plant and microbial origin have a great influence on plant-microbe interactions. Members from <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> are known to produce a plethora of metabolites that shape plant responses towards biotic and abiotic stresses. Similarly, endophyte <em>B. subtilis</em> L1–21 efficiently controls the Huanglongbing (HLB) causing pathogen: <em>Candidatus</em> Liberibacter asiaticus (<em>C</em>Las). However, the molecular mechanisms are highly elusive. Herein, our study highlights the critical role of endophyte L1–21 <em>in planta</em>-produced surfactin in its colonization in citrus plants and regulation of plant-microbe interactions by comparing three gene knockout mutants △<em>srfAA</em>-L1–21, △<em>sfp</em>-L1–21, and △<em>pel</em>-L1–21. All three mutants exhibited reduced pathogen control and colonization efficiency compared to wild-type (WT) L1–21, but knockout mutant deficient of surfactin △<em>srfAA</em>-L1–21 was significantly impaired in the abovementioned functions as compared to △<em>sfp</em>-L1–21 and △<em>pel</em>-L1–21. Further, △<em>srfAA</em>-L1–21 could not activate various metabolic pathways in citrus as WT-L1–21. Integrated metabolomic-transcriptomic analysis reveals that important secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, volatile organic compounds, and lignins were highly accumulated in citrus plants treated with WT-L1–21 as compared to △<em>srfAA</em>-L1–21<em>,</em> highlighting the role of surfactin as an elicitor of the defense system in citrus-HLB pathosystem. Interestingly, auxin-related metabolites and transcripts were also downregulated in △<em>srfAA</em>-L1–21 compared to WT-L1–21 showing that surfactin might also influence plant-microbe interactions through metabolic reprogramming. Further, higher enrichment of Bacilli with WT-L1–21 might corresponds to surfactin-mediated regulation of community-related behavior in Bacilli. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the role of surfactin from <em>Bacillus</em> endophyte in metabolic reprogramming in citrus-HLB pathosystem and mounting defense response against <em>C</em>Las pathogen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18564,"journal":{"name":"Microbiological research","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 127942"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sphingomonas arvum sp. nov.: A promising microbial chassis for high-yield and sustainable zeaxanthin biomanufacturing","authors":"Chun-Zhi Jin ,&nbsp;So Young Park ,&nbsp;Chang-Jin Kim ,&nbsp;Kee-Sun Shin ,&nbsp;Jong-Min Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.micres.2024.127938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micres.2024.127938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The yield of natural products from plants is currently insufficient and cannot be considered a sustainable and secure source of supply, especially given the challenges posed by global climate change. Therefore, a biofoundry that can quickly and accurately produce desired materials from microorganisms based on synthetic biology is urgently needed. Moreover, it is important to find new microbial and genetic chassis to meet the rapidly growing global market for high-value-added zeaxanthin. In this study, we aimed to identify the zeaxanthin biosynthetic gene cluster, <em>crtZ</em>-<em>crtB</em>-<em>crtI</em>-<em>crtY</em>, and confirm zeaxanthin production (11,330 μg g⁻¹ dry biomass weight) through genome mining and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry profiling using the novel zeaxanthin-producing bacteria <em>Sphingomonas</em> sp. strain BN140010^T isolated from the subsurface soil of arable land. We report the highest yield among zeaxanthin-producing <em>Sphingomonas</em> strains to date. Moreover, we determined the taxonomic position of BN140010^T using a polyphasic approach based on phylogenetic, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, and we proposed <em>Sphingomonas arvum</em> strain BN140010^T as a novel strain. Our results provide a zeaxanthin-producing chassis and diverse genetic tools for microbiological zeaxanthin production. Therefore, this research advances our progress towards the goal of lowering the unit cost of zeaxanthin production, making it more accessible for industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18564,"journal":{"name":"Microbiological research","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 127938"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142594041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colanic acid and lipopolysaccharide in Pectobacterium carotovorum Pcc21 serve as receptors for the bacteriophage phiPccP-2","authors":"Nguyen Trung Vu ,&nbsp;Hyeongsoon Kim ,&nbsp;In Sun Hwang ,&nbsp;Chang-Sik Oh","doi":"10.1016/j.micres.2024.127939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micres.2024.127939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that specifically bind to and infect target bacteria. The phage phiPccP-2, belonging to the <em>Myoviridae</em> family, efficiently controls <em>Pectobacterium</em> spp. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism of recognition of <em>P. carotovorum</em> Pcc21 by phiPccP-2. The EZ-Tn5 transposon mutant library of Pcc21 was used to screen for phage-resistant mutants. Among 4072 mutants screened, 12 harbored disruptions in genes associated with the biosynthesis of either colanic acid (CA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) showed resistance to phiPccP-2. Complementation of 4 representative phage-resistant mutants with the corresponding genes fully restored the binding ability and lytic activity of PhiPccP-2. The amounts of CA or LPS structure in these mutants were significantly altered compared with those in the wild-type strain. Adsorption competition assays between CA and LPS extracted from Pcc21 and the natural receptors in Pcc21 showed that unbound phages were significantly increased, indicating that both CA and LPS are associated with the adsorption of the phiPccP-2 to Pcc21. In contrast, the adsorption of phiPccP-2 to extracted CA or LPS did not inactivate the lytic activity of phiPccP-2, indicating that the adsorption to the extracted CA or LPS is not sufficient for DNA injection. Treatment with polymyxin B, which disrupts LPS, interfered with phiPccP-2 adsorption to Pcc21. Furthermore, phage-resistant mutants showed reduced virulence in the host plant, suggesting a trade-off between phage resistance and bacterial virulence. Overall, our results indicate that both CA and LPS serve as receptors for the binding of phiPccP-2 to <em>P. carotovorum</em> Pcc21.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18564,"journal":{"name":"Microbiological research","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 127939"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-induced macrophage autophagy and apoptosis by the AMPK–mTOR–ULK1 pathway","authors":"Ruiqian Li ,&nbsp;Tianle He ,&nbsp;Min Yang ,&nbsp;Jinghua Xu ,&nbsp;Yongqin Li ,&nbsp;Xueyan Wang ,&nbsp;Xuelian Guo ,&nbsp;Mingzhu Li ,&nbsp;Lihua Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.micres.2024.127952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micres.2024.127952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic wasting infectious disease caused by <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> (MTB) or <em>Mycobacterium bovis</em> that can be transmitted among people and domestic animals. During the development of TB, macrophages of the innate immune system can act against MTB via autophagy and apoptosis to prevent the spread of the disease. Among the many autophagy regulatory pathways, the adenosine monophosphate (AMP)–activated protein kinase (AMPK)–mammalian rapamycin target protein (mTOR)–Unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1) pathway has received considerable attention. This study investigates the regulatory role of the AMPK–mTOR–ULK1 pathway in attenuating <em>M. bovis</em> Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG)-induced autophagy and apoptosis in murine monocyte macrophages (RAW264.7). Changes in macrophage autophagy and apoptosis were analyzed using the AMPK activator AICAR and inhibitor Compound C to interfere with the AMPK–mTOR–ULK1 pathway and siRNA to silence the pathway. Consequently, BCG stimulation of macrophages significantly activated the AMPK–mTOR–ULK1 pathway while BCG-induced macrophage AMPK activation promoted macrophage autophagy and apoptosis. Activation of the AMPK–mTOR–ULK1 pathway by AICAR significantly improved autophagy occurrence in BCG-induced macrophages and increased apoptosis while Compound C with siRNA produced opposing effects by attenuating autophagy and apoptosis in BCG-induced macrophages. Thus, the AMPK–mTOR–ULK1 pathway has a dual regulatory role in BCG-induced macrophage autophagy and apoptosis and may have synergistic effects. This study analyzes the mechanism of resistance of host cells to MTB and provides a theoretical basis for new therapeutic strategies and related drug development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18564,"journal":{"name":"Microbiological research","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 127952"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use in a controlled environment of Trichoderma asperellum ICC012 and Trichoderma gamsii ICC080 to manage FHB on common wheat","authors":"Marco Cesarini ,&nbsp;Arianna Petrucci ,&nbsp;Eliverta Hotaj ,&nbsp;Giovanni Venturini ,&nbsp;Riccardo Liguori ,&nbsp;Sabrina Sarrocco","doi":"10.1016/j.micres.2024.127941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micres.2024.127941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fusarium head blight (FHB) represents a significant threat for wheat production due to the risk for food security and safety. Despite the huge number of biofungicides on the market, only one is actually available at European level to control Fusarium infections on cereals. The present work aimed to assess the possible use of <em>Trichoderma asperellum</em> strain ICC012 and <em>Trichoderma gamsii</em> strain ICC080 to manage FHB on common wheat <em>Triticum aestivum</em> cv Apogee. Initially, the capability of ICC012 and ICC080 to endophytically colonize wheat roots, a prerequisite very often correlated with the induction of resistance in the host plant, was investigated. It resulted in 100 % of roots internally colonized by the two strains, followed by a significant up-regulation of the defense-related genes encoding for pathogenesis-related protein 1 (<em>pr1</em>)<em>,</em> superoxide dismutase (<em>sod</em>), polygalacturonase inhibitor protein 2 (<em>pgip2</em>) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 1 <em>(pal1</em>). When the expression of the same genes was investigated in spikes treated at the flowering stage with the two strains, applied individually or co-inoculated, a significant up-regulation of only <em>pal1</em> was registered 24 hours post inoculation (hpi) in spikes treated with ICC080. To check if a systemic defense response was induced, the expression of the same genes was analyzed in leaves collected 7 and 14 days post inoculation (dpi) of roots, resulting in a significant up-regulation of <em>sod</em> at 7 dpi in leaves collected from plants inoculated with ICC012. Even if induction of resistance is probably not the main mode of action of the two strains, ICC012 and ICC080 applied on spikes at anthesis significantly reduced, in greenhouse conditions, the Disease Incidence (DI) caused by the inoculation mix of <em>F. graminearum</em>, <em>F. culmorum</em>, <em>F. langsethiae</em> and <em>F. sporotrichioides</em>, four of the most important FHB casual agents. This reduction in disease symptoms was observed when the two beneficial strains were applied both individually and co-inoculated on the spikes. Finally, ICC012 and ICC080 demonstrated a good competitive ability for substrate possession. The amount of <em>F. graminearum</em> (as DNA and number of perithecia) on wheat straw pieces was significantly reduced after 6 months of incubation in presence of the two beneficial strains, applied individually and co-inoculated. Being cultural debris used to overwinter, this competitive behavior of ICC012 and ICC080 is an important trait to reduce the potential inoculum of the pathogen. The results collected here lay the groundwork for the use of ICC012 and ICC080 in managing FHB on common wheat<strong>.</strong></div></div>","PeriodicalId":18564,"journal":{"name":"Microbiological research","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 127941"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudomonas produce various metabolites displaying herbicide activity against broomrape","authors":"Tristan Lurthy ,&nbsp;Florence Gerin,&nbsp;Marjolaine Rey ,&nbsp;Pierre-Edouard Mercier ,&nbsp;Gilles Comte ,&nbsp;Florence Wisniewski-Dyé ,&nbsp;Claire Prigent-Combaret","doi":"10.1016/j.micres.2024.127933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micres.2024.127933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pseudomonads are well-known for their plant growth-promoting properties and biocontrol capabilities against microbial pathogens. Recently, their potential to protect crops from parasitic plants has garnered attention. This study investigates the potential of different <em>Pseudomonas</em> strains to inhibit broomrape growth and to protect host plants against weed infestation. Four <em>Pseudomonas</em> strains, two <em>P. fluorescens</em> JV391D17 and JV391D10, one <em>P. chlororaphis</em> JV395B and one <em>P. ogarae</em> F113 were cultivated using various carbon sources, including fructose, pyruvate, fumarate, and malate, to enhance the diversity of potential Orobanche growth inhibition (OGI)-specialized metabolites produced by <em>Pseudomonas</em> strains. Both global and targeted metabolomic approaches were utilized to identify specific OGI metabolites. Both carbon sources and <em>Pseudomonas</em> genetic diversity significantly influenced the production of OGI metabolites. <em>P. chlororaphis</em> JV395B and <em>P. ogarae</em> F113 produced unique OGI metabolites belonging to different chemical families, such as hydroxyphenazines and phloroglucinol compounds, respectively. Additionally, metabolomic analyses identified an unannotated potential OGI ion, M375T65. This ion was produced by all <em>Pseudomonas</em> strains but was found to be over-accumulated in JV395B, which likely explains its superior OGI activity. Then, greenhouse experiments were performed to evaluate the biocontrol efficacy of selected strains: they showed the efficacy of these strains, particularly JV395B, in reducing broomrape infestation in rapeseed. These findings suggest that certain <em>Pseudomonas</em> strains, through their metabolite production, can offer a sustainable biocontrol strategy against parasitic plants. This biocontrol activity can be optimized by environmental factors, such as carbon amendments. Ultimately, this approach presents a promising alternative to chemical herbicides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18564,"journal":{"name":"Microbiological research","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 127933"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial chemotaxis in degradation of xenobiotics: Current trends and opportunities","authors":"Zhipeng Zhuang ,&nbsp;Sivasamy Sethupathy ,&nbsp;Yadira Bajón-Fernández ,&nbsp;Shehbaz Ali ,&nbsp;Lili Niu ,&nbsp;Daochen Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.micres.2024.127935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micres.2024.127935","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemotaxis, the directed movement of microbes in response to chemical gradients, plays a crucial role in the biodegradation of xenobiotics, such as pesticides, industrial chemicals, and pharmaceuticals, which pose significant environmental and health risks. Emerging trends in genomics, proteomics, and synthetic biology have advanced our understanding and control of these processes, thereby enabling the development of engineered microorganisms with tailored chemotactic responses and degradation capabilities. This process plays an essential physiological role in processes, such as surface sensing, biofilm formation, quorum detection, pathogenicity, colonization, symbiotic interactions with the host system, and plant growth promotion. Field applications have demonstrated the potential of bioremediation for cleaning contaminated environments. Therefore, it helps to increase the bioavailability of pollutants and enables bacteria to access distantly located pollutants. Despite considerable breakthroughs in decoding the regulatory mechanisms of bacterial chemotaxis, there are still gaps in knowledge that need to be resolved to harness its potential for sensing and degrading pollutants in the environment. This review covers the role of bacterial chemotaxis in the degradation of xenobiotics present in the environment, focusing on chemotaxis-based bacterial and microfluidic biosensors for environmental monitoring. Finally, we highlight the current challenges and future perspectives for developing more effective and sustainable strategies to mitigate the environmental impact of xenobiotics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18564,"journal":{"name":"Microbiological research","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 127935"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Warm growing season activates microbial nutrient cycling to promote fertilizer nitrogen uptake by maize","authors":"Chao He ,&nbsp;Jean Damascene Harindintwali ,&nbsp;Hao Cui ,&nbsp;Jia Yao ,&nbsp;Zhirong Wang ,&nbsp;Qingyang Zhu ,&nbsp;Fang Wang ,&nbsp;Jingping Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.micres.2024.127936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micres.2024.127936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The influence of nitrogen (N) inputs on soil microbial communities and N uptake by plants is well-documented. Seasonal variations further impact these microbial communities and their nutrient-cycling functions, particularly within multiple cropping systems. Nevertheless, the combined effects of N fertilization and growing seasons on soil microbial communities and plant N uptake remain ambiguous, thereby constraining our comprehension of the optimal growing season for maximizing crop production. In this study, we employed ¹⁵N isotope labeling, high-throughput sequencing, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) techniques to investigate the effects of two distinct growing seasons on microbial communities and maize ¹⁵N uptake ratios (¹⁵NUR). Our results showed that the warm growing season (26.6 °C) increased microbial diversity, reduced network complexity but enhanced stability, decreased microbial associations, and increased modularization compared to the cool growing season (23.1 °C). Additionally, the warm growing season favored oligotrophic species and increased the abundance of microbial guilds and functional genes related to N, phosphorus, and sulfur cycling. Furthermore, alterations in the characteristics of soil microbial keystone taxa were closely linked to variations in maize ¹⁵NUR. Overall, our findings demonstrate significant seasonal variations in soil microbial diversity and functioning, with maize exhibiting higher ¹⁵NUR during the warm growing season of the double cropping system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18564,"journal":{"name":"Microbiological research","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 127936"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}