Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1177/0976343020170105
Sankha Priya Guha
We the anthropologists use the term fieldwork for on-location research. Fieldwork is the most important method in the anthropological production of knowledge. It is through fieldwork that social-cultural anthropologists collect priman; information for the insights into the different topics of study like kinship, stratification, politic, religion etc. However, it can be said that a strained relationship exists between the representation of anthropological fieldwork and reality of any other disciplinan; fieldwork. To put in brief, fieldwork can take many forms. The multiple forms exist in a broader spectrum within the premise of social science. In the locale of interdisciplinan; approach of social science, the methodologt; of a particular discipline acts as a microcosm, be it Anthropologt; or Sociologt; or Economics or Political Science. The multiple forms of fieldwork take the shape of anthropologist's vision, project objectives and circumstance driven by disciplinan; methodology.
{"title":"Anthropological Fieldwork: A Debate Between Context and Text","authors":"Sankha Priya Guha","doi":"10.1177/0976343020170105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0976343020170105","url":null,"abstract":"We the anthropologists use the term fieldwork for on-location research. Fieldwork is the most important method in the anthropological production of knowledge. It is through fieldwork that social-cultural anthropologists collect priman; information for the insights into the different topics of study like kinship, stratification, politic, religion etc. However, it can be said that a strained relationship exists between the representation of anthropological fieldwork and reality of any other disciplinan; fieldwork. To put in brief, fieldwork can take many forms. The multiple forms exist in a broader spectrum within the premise of social science. In the locale of interdisciplinan; approach of social science, the methodologt; of a particular discipline acts as a microcosm, be it Anthropologt; or Sociologt; or Economics or Political Science. The multiple forms of fieldwork take the shape of anthropologist's vision, project objectives and circumstance driven by disciplinan; methodology.","PeriodicalId":186168,"journal":{"name":"The Oriental Anthropologist","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114063729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1177/0976343020170102
P. Rao, H. Behera
The agrarian communities in India are continuously facing the threats of eviction for development projects such as mining, industries, hydro projects and other infrastructure projects from the beginning of colonial administration. But these issues have been further complicated after neoliberal economic drive in recent period. Increase in land flow from agricultural sector to non-agricultural sector under advanced capitalism has witnessed paramount ill effect on rural farmers. Both depeasantisation and dispossession have occurred at the backdrop of new economic policies. The nature of such transformation has reinvigorated new agrarian discourse. The expansion of SEZ and dramatic rise of uncontrolled and unplanned urban sprawl have apparently made the agrarian issues more complex in recent time. Agriculture is undoubtedly passing through critical phase of discrimination and dispossession. In this paper the authors have tried to analyze such issues on the basis of literature review, data obtained from secondary sources and reports of various agencies.
{"title":"Agrarian Questions under Neoliberal Economic Policies in India: A Review and Analysis of Dispossession and Depeasantisation","authors":"P. Rao, H. Behera","doi":"10.1177/0976343020170102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0976343020170102","url":null,"abstract":"The agrarian communities in India are continuously facing the threats of eviction for development projects such as mining, industries, hydro projects and other infrastructure projects from the beginning of colonial administration. But these issues have been further complicated after neoliberal economic drive in recent period. Increase in land flow from agricultural sector to non-agricultural sector under advanced capitalism has witnessed paramount ill effect on rural farmers. Both depeasantisation and dispossession have occurred at the backdrop of new economic policies. The nature of such transformation has reinvigorated new agrarian discourse. The expansion of SEZ and dramatic rise of uncontrolled and unplanned urban sprawl have apparently made the agrarian issues more complex in recent time. Agriculture is undoubtedly passing through critical phase of discrimination and dispossession. In this paper the authors have tried to analyze such issues on the basis of literature review, data obtained from secondary sources and reports of various agencies.","PeriodicalId":186168,"journal":{"name":"The Oriental Anthropologist","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126181581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1177/0976343020170106
Dhiraj Kumar, D. Sahoo
The dynamics of capitalism changes its form and analyzing it nowadays is impossible without bringing in ecology. James 0 Connor has theorized this in terms of what he calls the second contradiction of capitalism. Modernization theories of development deal with economic growth, which contributes to increased productivity of goods and services that treat nature, humans and ecologt; as raw materials for generating surplus and profit. The structure of capitalist relations, and the way they produce new forms of destitution, marginalization, impoverishment and poverty, are invisible in State accounts that advocate a neoliberal accumulative path of development in the name of bettering socieh;. In this paper we try to show that how the capitalist social formation often neglected the ecosystem and the traditional social structure which progressively induced resistance and conflict. The contemporan; context of neoliberal capitalism appears as a post political condition in which state helps in rise of capitalist frontier which politicizes the whole ecologt;. The present study follows the literature of political economy to give chain of explanation about the societal transformation due to rise of region specific commodih; frontier in West Singhbhum and Kalinga Nagar and at the same time we also tn; to show that how sustainabilihj becomes a green agenda of capitalism to achieve the production goal through market rationality.
{"title":"Neoliberal Development, Sustainability and the Production of Fictitious Commodity: Some Cases from the Adivasi Region in India","authors":"Dhiraj Kumar, D. Sahoo","doi":"10.1177/0976343020170106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0976343020170106","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamics of capitalism changes its form and analyzing it nowadays is impossible without bringing in ecology. James 0 Connor has theorized this in terms of what he calls the second contradiction of capitalism. Modernization theories of development deal with economic growth, which contributes to increased productivity of goods and services that treat nature, humans and ecologt; as raw materials for generating surplus and profit. The structure of capitalist relations, and the way they produce new forms of destitution, marginalization, impoverishment and poverty, are invisible in State accounts that advocate a neoliberal accumulative path of development in the name of bettering socieh;. In this paper we try to show that how the capitalist social formation often neglected the ecosystem and the traditional social structure which progressively induced resistance and conflict. The contemporan; context of neoliberal capitalism appears as a post political condition in which state helps in rise of capitalist frontier which politicizes the whole ecologt;. The present study follows the literature of political economy to give chain of explanation about the societal transformation due to rise of region specific commodih; frontier in West Singhbhum and Kalinga Nagar and at the same time we also tn; to show that how sustainabilihj becomes a green agenda of capitalism to achieve the production goal through market rationality.","PeriodicalId":186168,"journal":{"name":"The Oriental Anthropologist","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133746200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1177/0976343020170110
S. Tripathi, N. Panigrahi
Natural environment plays a ven; important role in the life and living of human beings. Culture, the man-made environment has its origin on the earth from the time when human beings started interaction with their natural environment for satisfaction of basic, derived and integrative needs. Religion, an integrated part of culture is also the result of satisfaction of that psychic and integrative need. The concept of Nature-Man-Spirit Complex and Sacred Complex and the concept of Great and Little traditions contributed a lot to the understanding of the religious and cultural complexion of Indian villages. The villagers depend on their natural surroundings for their socio-cultural necessities and believe that various type of spirits reside in village forest, land and water bodies. In Chhattisgarh, ponds not only act as the source of water for the villagers, but also play a very important role in the socio-economic and cultural life of villagers. Present study is an attempt to observe the changing relationships of People-Pond-Spirit complex as a part of little tradition in a village ofChhattisgarh. The paper argues that Ponds are an important part of village life and belief pattern of the villagers in Chhattisgarh in general.
{"title":"Changing Sacred Status of Village Pond in the Context of People-Pond-Spirit Complex: An Empirical Study","authors":"S. Tripathi, N. Panigrahi","doi":"10.1177/0976343020170110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0976343020170110","url":null,"abstract":"Natural environment plays a ven; important role in the life and living of human beings. Culture, the man-made environment has its origin on the earth from the time when human beings started interaction with their natural environment for satisfaction of basic, derived and integrative needs. Religion, an integrated part of culture is also the result of satisfaction of that psychic and integrative need. The concept of Nature-Man-Spirit Complex and Sacred Complex and the concept of Great and Little traditions contributed a lot to the understanding of the religious and cultural complexion of Indian villages. The villagers depend on their natural surroundings for their socio-cultural necessities and believe that various type of spirits reside in village forest, land and water bodies. In Chhattisgarh, ponds not only act as the source of water for the villagers, but also play a very important role in the socio-economic and cultural life of villagers. Present study is an attempt to observe the changing relationships of People-Pond-Spirit complex as a part of little tradition in a village ofChhattisgarh. The paper argues that Ponds are an important part of village life and belief pattern of the villagers in Chhattisgarh in general.","PeriodicalId":186168,"journal":{"name":"The Oriental Anthropologist","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115244461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1177/0976343020170103
U. Sarmah
{"title":"Trade Union Leadership and Workers' Participation in Management: A Study Conducted at North Eastern Coalfields, Coal India Limited, Margherita, Assam","authors":"U. Sarmah","doi":"10.1177/0976343020170103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0976343020170103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186168,"journal":{"name":"The Oriental Anthropologist","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124512789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0976343020160210
S. Msweli, Mary Van der Riet
People in stable relationships are at a greater risk of HIV I AIDS infection, because they tend to use condoms lessfrequently as they become more committed to one another. This study seeks to understand how trust affects safe sex for women in long-term stable relationships living in a rural area in Soutlz Africa. A qualitative research design was adopted. Data was obtained from a sample of nine male and twelve female participants aged between 18 and 60 years as well as eight focus group discussions. All participants were self-identified as being in long-term stable relationships. Thematic content a1zalysis was conducted on all the data, using a sex script theoretical framework. It was found that trust was underpinned by a number of factors such as duration of the relationship, commitment, and the difficulty of negotiating condom use. How people spoke about trust allowed for the creation of a number of sexual scripts or norms that they used to justifij not using condoms in their relationships. These scripts included the sex shows love and commitment script, a trusted partner is a safe partner script; and the marriage script. These legitimise people's sexual actions and help them to rationalise what might be considered as irrational, risky, sexual behaviours.
{"title":"Exploring the Impact of Trust on Safe Sex for Women in Long-term Stable Relationships in a Rural Eastern Cape Setting","authors":"S. Msweli, Mary Van der Riet","doi":"10.1177/0976343020160210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0976343020160210","url":null,"abstract":"People in stable relationships are at a greater risk of HIV I AIDS infection, because they tend to use condoms lessfrequently as they become more committed to one another. This study seeks to understand how trust affects safe sex for women in long-term stable relationships living in a rural area in Soutlz Africa. A qualitative research design was adopted. Data was obtained from a sample of nine male and twelve female participants aged between 18 and 60 years as well as eight focus group discussions. All participants were self-identified as being in long-term stable relationships. Thematic content a1zalysis was conducted on all the data, using a sex script theoretical framework. It was found that trust was underpinned by a number of factors such as duration of the relationship, commitment, and the difficulty of negotiating condom use. How people spoke about trust allowed for the creation of a number of sexual scripts or norms that they used to justifij not using condoms in their relationships. These scripts included the sex shows love and commitment script, a trusted partner is a safe partner script; and the marriage script. These legitimise people's sexual actions and help them to rationalise what might be considered as irrational, risky, sexual behaviours.","PeriodicalId":186168,"journal":{"name":"The Oriental Anthropologist","volume":"285 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132396763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0976343020160201
A. Benhura
Hopley is a peri-urban community situated in Harare, the capital city of Zimbabwe. The majority of the people that live in Hopley are forced migrants who came to reside in here in the wake of the forced migration campaign named Operation Murambatsvina. Forced migration and internal displacement leads to the dispossession of one's home and shelter. In addition, forced migration is also associated with deprivations of basic services such as health. This paper draws from data gathered from the experiences of ten displaced women in Hopley communi h) collected through semi-structured interviews. It fowses on perceptions of internal displacement in relation to sexual and reproductive health. The paper uses the women's narratives to unpack the implications of being dispossessed of one's home and in a sense, one's body and the women's rights in the context of their bodies. Social Constructionist Theory is used to contextualise these women's lived experiences in terms of sexual and reproductive health rights. Findings suggest that the women in Hopley are victims of double vulnerability, stemming from their displflcement, which has depri~d them of their homes and in tum also led to the 'dispossession' of their bodies.
{"title":"Displaced and Dispossessed: Sexual and Reproductive Health Rights for Women in Hopley, Zimbabwe","authors":"A. Benhura","doi":"10.1177/0976343020160201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0976343020160201","url":null,"abstract":"Hopley is a peri-urban community situated in Harare, the capital city of Zimbabwe. The majority of the people that live in Hopley are forced migrants who came to reside in here in the wake of the forced migration campaign named Operation Murambatsvina. Forced migration and internal displacement leads to the dispossession of one's home and shelter. In addition, forced migration is also associated with deprivations of basic services such as health. This paper draws from data gathered from the experiences of ten displaced women in Hopley communi h) collected through semi-structured interviews. It fowses on perceptions of internal displacement in relation to sexual and reproductive health. The paper uses the women's narratives to unpack the implications of being dispossessed of one's home and in a sense, one's body and the women's rights in the context of their bodies. Social Constructionist Theory is used to contextualise these women's lived experiences in terms of sexual and reproductive health rights. Findings suggest that the women in Hopley are victims of double vulnerability, stemming from their displflcement, which has depri~d them of their homes and in tum also led to the 'dispossession' of their bodies.","PeriodicalId":186168,"journal":{"name":"The Oriental Anthropologist","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131832872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0976343020160205
Vivian Ojong
The realm of religion and sexualitlj is one which is almost fuelled with conservative and traditional values; but at the same time, presents researchers with a feminist inclination the opportunitlJ to deliver critical insights into how these sacred demarcated space/activities are now part and parcel of the public domain. Within the Pentecostal charismatic circles, sexual relations between demons and humans are an essential part of their belief and practise. Through the Pentecostal charismatic churches, the female body is portrayed as a site of demonic sexual advancement and violations and one trapped in secrec1; and shame. In Anthropology, such practices have insufficiently been labelled 'the malcontents of modernity'. Ten young girls were interviewed for the study drawn from three churches in Durban. Through the perspective of critical medical anthropology theory, it is understood that the female body is the "terrain where social truths are forged and social contradictions played out, as well as the locus of personal resistance, activity and struggle" (Scheper-Hughes and Lock, 1987:16). Auto etlmography gave me the opportunity to display multiple layers of consciousness, connecting the personal to the religious. The article exposes how young women under such forms of abuse have been silent (until now) and the alienation they suffer as a result of their experiences.
宗教和性的领域几乎是一个由保守和传统价值观推动的领域;但与此同时，也为具有女权主义倾向的研究人员提供了一个机会，让他们对这些神圣的划定空间/活动现在如何成为公共领域的重要组成部分提出批判性的见解。在五旬节派魅力派的圈子里，魔鬼和人类之间的性关系是他们信仰和实践的重要组成部分。通过五旬节派灵恩派教会，女性的身体被描绘成恶魔性进步和性侵犯的场所，被困在秘密之中;和耻辱。在人类学中，这样的做法没有被充分地贴上“现代性的不满”的标签。这项研究采访了来自德班三个教堂的10名年轻女孩。通过批判医学人类学理论的视角，可以理解女性身体是“社会真理锻造和社会矛盾上演的场所，也是个人反抗、活动和斗争的场所”(Scheper-Hughes and Lock, 1987:16)。汽车志给了我展示多层意识的机会，将个人与宗教联系起来。这篇文章揭露了年轻女性如何在这种形式的虐待下保持沉默(直到现在)，以及她们的经历使她们遭受的疏远。
{"title":"The Young Female Body as a Site of Demonic Sexual Abuse: The Case of Christians in Charismatic Pentecostal Churches in Durban South Africa","authors":"Vivian Ojong","doi":"10.1177/0976343020160205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0976343020160205","url":null,"abstract":"The realm of religion and sexualitlj is one which is almost fuelled with conservative and traditional values; but at the same time, presents researchers with a feminist inclination the opportunitlJ to deliver critical insights into how these sacred demarcated space/activities are now part and parcel of the public domain. Within the Pentecostal charismatic circles, sexual relations between demons and humans are an essential part of their belief and practise. Through the Pentecostal charismatic churches, the female body is portrayed as a site of demonic sexual advancement and violations and one trapped in secrec1; and shame. In Anthropology, such practices have insufficiently been labelled 'the malcontents of modernity'. Ten young girls were interviewed for the study drawn from three churches in Durban. Through the perspective of critical medical anthropology theory, it is understood that the female body is the \"terrain where social truths are forged and social contradictions played out, as well as the locus of personal resistance, activity and struggle\" (Scheper-Hughes and Lock, 1987:16). Auto etlmography gave me the opportunity to display multiple layers of consciousness, connecting the personal to the religious. The article exposes how young women under such forms of abuse have been silent (until now) and the alienation they suffer as a result of their experiences.","PeriodicalId":186168,"journal":{"name":"The Oriental Anthropologist","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129288660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0976343020160208
M. Naidu, Silindile Zulu
Smoking emerges as one leading link to many health issues and is imbricated with both the economics of povertt; as well as affluence. Smoking among the populations of young Black African females appears to be on the increase in the country, and is likewise reflected by the increasing numbers of smokers among the female student cohort at the UniversihJ ofKwaZuluNatal, South Africa. There have hmvever, been more studies done on male tobacco consumph'on, and arguably less attention has been paid on girl and women smokers, especially in low middle income countries. There has also been less work done in the context of female smokers in tertian; institutes. Given the multiple reproductive health implications for women, research among women smokers is thus critical. This focus piece in turn draws from an exploraton; study with a small sample of Black African female students at a tertiary institute who are smokers. Working through tlze heuristic notion of'urbanicity' (Wiiliams et al. 2008) as a descriptor for transitioningfrom rural to urban spaces, the paper probes how female students rationalize their use and acceptance of smoking. Through the use of narrative analysis, initial findings suggest that the young females hold multiple insecurities around their body image, acceptance and social integration mzd further reveal that there are (perceived) benefits of enhancement in image and status on the part of the smoker. Tlzis low self-esteem and need for enhancing self-image surfaced among the female smokers coming from rural or peri-urban backgrounds and offer situated complexities around the ontogeny of smoking amongst this group of young women.
吸烟是导致许多健康问题的主要因素之一，它与贫穷经济学;还有财富。在这个国家，年轻非洲黑人女性的吸烟人数似乎在增加，这同样反映在南非夸祖鲁纳塔尔大学女学生群体中吸烟人数的增加。然而，对男性烟草消费进行了更多的研究，可以说对女孩和妇女吸烟者的关注较少，特别是在中低收入国家。在老年女性吸烟者的背景下也做了较少的工作;学院。鉴于对妇女生殖健康的多重影响，因此对女性吸烟者进行研究至关重要。这个焦点部分反过来又从一个探索中汲取灵感;研究对象是一所高等教育学院吸烟的非洲黑人女学生。通过“城市化”的启发式概念(williams et al. 2008)作为从农村向城市空间过渡的描述符，本文探讨了女学生如何合理化她们对吸烟的使用和接受。通过叙事分析，初步发现年轻女性对自己的身体形象、接受度和社会融入存在多重不安全感，进一步揭示了吸烟者在形象和地位方面的提升(感知)有好处。在来自农村或城郊背景的女性吸烟者中，Tlzis的低自尊和提高自我形象的需求表现出来，并为这群年轻女性吸烟的个体发生提供了复杂的环境。
{"title":"Where there is Smoke, there is Fire: Young Female Smokers at a Tertiary Institute","authors":"M. Naidu, Silindile Zulu","doi":"10.1177/0976343020160208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0976343020160208","url":null,"abstract":"Smoking emerges as one leading link to many health issues and is imbricated with both the economics of povertt; as well as affluence. Smoking among the populations of young Black African females appears to be on the increase in the country, and is likewise reflected by the increasing numbers of smokers among the female student cohort at the UniversihJ ofKwaZuluNatal, South Africa. There have hmvever, been more studies done on male tobacco consumph'on, and arguably less attention has been paid on girl and women smokers, especially in low middle income countries. There has also been less work done in the context of female smokers in tertian; institutes. Given the multiple reproductive health implications for women, research among women smokers is thus critical. This focus piece in turn draws from an exploraton; study with a small sample of Black African female students at a tertiary institute who are smokers. Working through tlze heuristic notion of'urbanicity' (Wiiliams et al. 2008) as a descriptor for transitioningfrom rural to urban spaces, the paper probes how female students rationalize their use and acceptance of smoking. Through the use of narrative analysis, initial findings suggest that the young females hold multiple insecurities around their body image, acceptance and social integration mzd further reveal that there are (perceived) benefits of enhancement in image and status on the part of the smoker. Tlzis low self-esteem and need for enhancing self-image surfaced among the female smokers coming from rural or peri-urban backgrounds and offer situated complexities around the ontogeny of smoking amongst this group of young women.","PeriodicalId":186168,"journal":{"name":"The Oriental Anthropologist","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126053667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0976343020160213
N. Mnguni
Mobilities and migration have lo11g remai11ed buzz words in the social sciences. Muclz has also been written about migration and trnnsnationalism, and 110 less within the context of Sub-Sa/wrnn Africa and Sou therr1 Africa. The use of male condoms, and to a relatively less extent, female condoms, has also been researched and documented fairly extensively, especially in and against the background and scourge of the HIV and AIDS pandemic on the African contillwt and the staggeri11g prevalence rates within certain provinces suclz as KwaZuluNntal in South Africa. Circular migration however, as a mobilities phenomenon, and the local women caught within the phenomenon of cirwit of circular migration, has arguably, received less attention within the Soutlz African context. This exploraton; essay works through social constructionism and structural violence theory and looks at a small group of women livi11g in Clermont, in KwaZulu-Natal, who are temporan; migrants who appear to move between t/wir permanent rurnllzomes and their (temporary) township dwelling. Givw the potential risky sex behaviours and gendered power imbalance between them and the men, the essay explores how this group of women perceive the use of female condoms within the short term relationship that they 111ay constmct while living in Clermont.
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