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Study on high temperature tensile constitutive behavior and deformation mechanism of Ti-47.5Al-2.5 V-1.0Cr-0.2Zr alloy Ti-47.5Al-2.5 V-1.0Cr-0.2Zr合金高温拉伸本构行为及变形机理研究
IF 4.8 2区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114594
Xuejian Lin , Xin Liu , Hongjun Huang , Bowen Zheng , Kai Du , Xiaojiao Zuo , Xiaoguang Yuan
The high temperature tensile test of Ti-47.5Al-2.5 V-1.0Cr-0.2Zr alloy was carried out by electronic universal testing machine under the condition of 750–900 °C/10−5–10−3 s−1. The hot tensile stress-strain curves were analyzed, and the constitutive model under hot tensile conditions was established. The microstructure transformation rule and deformation mechanism during tensile process were determined. The results show that the hot tensile curve is longer in the steady-state flow stage corresponding to lower strain rate and higher tensile temperature, the true stress declines and the elongation at break increases. The constitutive equation was established based on the tensile curve data, and the corresponding thermal activation energy was 310.3 kJ/mol. As the rise of tensile temperature and the decline of strain rate, the proportion about cross-layer fracture in the tensile fracture morphology decreases, the number of dimples increases, more lamellar structures change into recrystallized structures, and the softening effect of the alloy is more obvious. The dislocation deformation mechanism mainly includes the existence of dislocation slip and climb, dislocation intersection and dislocation ring or dislocation network formation. Twinning deformation is also another important mechanism of high temperature tensile deformation of TiAl alloy. Twins are formed in parallel with each other, so that the deformation can be further carried out. The dislocations and twins in the deformed microstructure will provide nucleation conditions for recrystallized grains. The dynamic recrystallization(DRX) grains are preferentially formed around the grain boundary and the vicinity of dislocation and twin is also preferred nucleation site for DRX. The DRX behavior is the main softening mechanism, and DRX size and volume fraction corresponding to lower tensile rate and higher tensile temperature are larger.
采用电子万能试验机对Ti-47.5Al-2.5 V-1.0Cr-0.2Zr合金在750 ~ 900℃/10−5 ~ 3 s−1条件下进行了高温拉伸试验。分析了热拉应力-应变曲线,建立了热拉条件下的本构模型。确定了拉伸过程中的组织转变规律和变形机理。结果表明:较低的应变速率和较高的拉伸温度使稳态流动阶段的热拉伸曲线变长,真实应力减小,断裂伸长率增大;根据拉伸曲线数据建立本构方程,得到相应的热活化能为310.3 kJ/mol。随着拉伸温度的升高和应变速率的降低,跨层断口在拉伸断口形貌中所占的比例降低,韧窝数量增加,更多的片层组织转变为再结晶组织,合金的软化效果更加明显。位错变形机制主要包括位错滑移和攀升的存在、位错相交和位错环或位错网络的形成。孪晶变形也是TiAl合金高温拉伸变形的另一重要机理。孪晶相互平行形成,使变形进一步进行。变形组织中的位错和孪晶为晶粒的再结晶提供了形核条件。动态再结晶(DRX)晶粒优先在晶界附近形成,位错和孪晶附近也是DRX的优先成核部位。DRX行为是主要的软化机制,低拉伸速率和高拉伸温度对应的DRX尺寸和体积分数较大。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of warm rolling on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of a Ni–W–Co–Ta medium-heavy alloy 温轧对Ni-W-Co-Ta中重合金组织演变及力学性能的影响
IF 4.8 2区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114591
Jin-Jin Tang , Yi Xiong , Xiao-Qin Zha , Xiu-Ju Du , Yong Li , Feng-Zhang Ren , Shubo Wang
The microstructure and mechanical properties influenced by warm rolling in a Ni–W–Co–Ta medium-heavy alloy (MHA) is studied in this work in order to explore the optimal processing-microstructure-property paradigm. The results show that the initially equiaxed grains evolves into a fibrous structure, aligned with the rolling direction, as the rolling progresses. Texture analysis reveals a transition from Brass-type component to a mixed texture component of Brass-type and Copper-type with increasing deformation. Concurrently, dislocation density rise, and nano deformation twins and precipitation of Ni4W take place. The strength is significantly enhanced. However, the trade-off between strength and ductility still persists. An optimal combination of strength and ductility has been achieved at a 50 % rolling deformation. These demonstrate that warm rolling is an effective processing route for manufacturing high-strength and still ductile MHA.
本文研究了热轧对Ni-W-Co-Ta中重合金(MHA)组织和力学性能的影响,以探索最佳的加工-组织-性能模式。结果表明:随着轧制过程的进行,最初的等轴晶粒逐渐演变成与轧制方向一致的纤维组织;织构分析表明,随着变形的增加,构件由黄铜型向黄铜型和铜型混合织构过渡。同时,位错密度升高,发生纳米变形孪晶和Ni4W的析出。强度明显增强。然而,强度和延性之间的权衡仍然存在。在50%的轧制变形下,实现了强度和延展性的最佳组合。结果表明,热轧是制造高强度、高延展性MHA的有效工艺路线。
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引用次数: 0
Ferrite formation and decomposition in 316H austenitic stainless steel electro slag remelting ingot for nuclear power applications 核电用 316H 奥氏体不锈钢电渣重熔锭中铁素体的形成与分解
IF 4.8 2区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114581
Yang Wang , Chao Chen , Ruijie Ren , Zhixuan Xue , Haozheng Wang , Yunzhe Zhang , Junxian Wang , Jian Wang , Lei Chen , Wangzhong Mu
316H austenitic stainless steel used in nuclear power has higher requirements for material magnetism, and the main magnetic phase is ferrite. Thus, the ferrite content in 316H steel castings needs to be strictly controlled. This study investigated the ferrite phases in 316H austenitic stainless steel electro-slag remelting (ESR) ingot used in nuclear power applications. The morphology, content and decomposition of ferrite as well as microsegregation in 316H ESR ingot are studied by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The solidification process is calculated by thermodynamic calculation using Thermo-Calc. Besides, the empirical chromium and nickel equivalent formulas and phase stability diagram are used for prediction of the solidification mode and ferrite content. The experiment results show that the ferrite morphology changes greatly in the direction of the thickness of ESR ingot. From surface to center of the ESR ingot, the ferrite morphology varies as granular → short rod-shaped → blocky → skeletal → parallel short rod-like + network-like. The ferrite content in the thickness direction of the electroslag ingot varied from 1.92 to 3.57 %, showing an “A” shape distribution. There are three kinds of decomposition behavior of ferrite: decomposition into Sigma phase and austenite phase by the eutectoid reaction, transformation into Chi phase in regions enriched with high Mo element along grain boundaries, and direct transformation into secondary austenite phase. In addition, the thermodynamic calculation and most of empirical formulas predicts the solidification mode is FA mode. From the microstructure analysis, the solidification mode of ESR ingots change from AF mode to FA mode from surface to center. Furthermore, the formulas proposed by Hull provides most accurate predictions results in ferrite content.
核电用 316H 奥氏体不锈钢对材料磁性要求较高,主要磁性相为铁素体。因此,需要严格控制 316H 钢铸件中的铁素体含量。本研究调查了核电应用中使用的 316H 奥氏体不锈钢电渣重熔(ESR)铸锭中的铁素体相。通过光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电子反向散射衍射(EBSD)和电子探针显微分析(EPMA)研究了 316H ESR 钢锭中铁素体的形态、含量和分解以及微偏析。凝固过程通过 Thermo-Calc 进行热力学计算。此外,还利用经验铬镍当量公式和相稳定图来预测凝固模式和铁素体含量。实验结果表明,铁素体形态在 ESR 铸锭的厚度方向上变化很大。从 ESR 铸锭的表面到中心,铁素体的形态变化为颗粒状 → 短杆状 → 块状 → 骨架状 → 平行短杆状 + 网络状。电渣铸锭厚度方向的铁素体含量从 1.92% 到 3.57% 不等,呈 "A "型分布。铁素体的分解行为有三种:通过共晶反应分解成西格玛相和奥氏体相;在晶界富含高钼元素的区域转变成驰放相;直接转变成二次奥氏体相。此外,热力学计算和大多数经验公式都预测凝固模式为 FA 模式。从微观结构分析来看,ESR 钢锭的凝固模式从表面到中心由 AF 模式转变为 FA 模式。此外,Hull 提出的公式对铁素体含量的预测结果最为准确。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancement of mechanical and electrical properties of copper matrix composites by different types of carbon nanotubes 用不同类型的碳纳米管提高铜基复合材料的机械和电气性能
IF 4.8 2区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114575
XianFeng Zhao, XiaoNa Ren, ZhiPei Chen, ChangChun Ge
Copper-based composites with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as the reinforcing phase possess excellent comprehensive mechanical and electrical properties and have received widespread attention in the electronics industry in recent years. However, a handful of studies concerns CNTs reinforced copper matrix composites with different wall layers. In this study, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were selected. An improved molecular-level blending method was exploited to produce copper matrix composites reinforced by MWCNTs and SWCNTs in our study. The characterization results showed that the copper coated MWCNTs and SWCNTs were evenly distributed in the copper matrix and ensured the connection structure tightly between CNTs as heterogeneous strengthening factors and the copper matrix. Meanwhile, in the mechanical property test, the MWCNTs/Cu composite material had the highest tensile strength (262.5 MPa), which was 23.6 % higher than pure copper and 12.6 % higher than the SWCNTs/Cu composite materials. In addition, in the electrical performance test, MWCNTs/Cu and SWCNTs/Cu composites all possessed excellent electrical conductivity, 95 % IACS and 96 % IACS, respectively. The research work in this paper can be extended to the development of ultra-light copper and copper alloy electronic devices and provide a reference for future research on CNTs augmented metal matrix composites.
以碳纳米管(CNTs)为增强相的铜基复合材料具有优异的综合机械和电气性能,近年来在电子行业受到广泛关注。然而,关于不同壁层的碳纳米管增强铜基复合材料的研究屈指可数。本研究选择了多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)和单壁碳纳米管(SWCNT)。我们的研究采用了一种改进的分子级混合方法来生产由 MWCNTs 和 SWCNTs 增强的铜基复合材料。表征结果表明,镀铜的 MWCNTs 和 SWCNTs 均匀分布在铜基体中,确保了作为异质增强因子的 CNTs 与铜基体之间的紧密连接结构。同时,在力学性能测试中,MWCNTs/Cu 复合材料的抗拉强度最高(262.5 MPa),比纯铜高 23.6%,比 SWCNTs/Cu 复合材料高 12.6%。此外,在电性能测试中,MWCNTs/Cu 和 SWCNTs/Cu 复合材料都具有优异的导电性,分别达到 95 % IACS 和 96 % IACS。本文的研究工作可扩展到超轻型铜和铜合金电子器件的开发,并为未来研究 CNTs 增强金属基复合材料提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Heterogeneous Fe-Mn-Al-C lightweight steel breaking the strength-ductility trade-off via high-temperature warm rolling process 通过高温热轧工艺打破强度-电导率权衡的异质铁-锰-铝-碳轻质钢
IF 4.8 2区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114571
Hua Wang , Yongping Liang , ShiYu Hao , Junfeng Wang , Hao Shi
In this study, a lightweight heterogeneous Fe-6Mn-4.1Al-0.41C-0.62Si-0.2 V (wt%) steel with the synergy of high tensile strength and ductility was achieved by warm-rolling at 850 °C with a 93 % thickness reduction, namely, an ultimate tensile strength of 1.18 GPa, a total elongation of 35.4 %, and the product of strength and elongation (PSE) of 41.9 GPa%. The microstructure of the investigated steel consists of δ-ferrite (δ-F), retained austenite (RA), inter-critical ferrite (IF) and Fe3C precipitates. The moderate stability of RA, induced by its different morphologies (i.e., lath, block shape), provides a discontinuous and local phase transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect that contributes to the excellent work hardening ability. Meanwhile, the isomeric hetero deformation induced (HDI) strengthening between RA and δ-F, and between RA and IF, further enhances the investigated steel's high strength and ductility. In addition, our results indicate that increasing the rolling temperature results in the increment of RA, while increasing the rolling reduction (i.e., 5 % at 800 °C) has a limited effect on the formation of RA.
在这项研究中,通过 850 °C 温轧,厚度减薄 93 %,获得了一种轻质异质 Fe-6Mn-4.1Al-0.41C-0.62Si-0.2 V (wt%) 钢,该钢具有高抗拉强度和高延展性,极限抗拉强度为 1.18 GPa,总伸长率为 35.4 %,强度和伸长率乘积 (PSE) 为 41.9 GPa%。所研究钢材的微观结构包括δ-铁素体(δ-F)、残余奥氏体(RA)、临界间铁素体(IF)和 Fe3C 沉淀物。不同形态(如板条状、块状)的保留奥氏体具有适度的稳定性,可提供不连续的局部相变诱导塑性(TRIP)效应,从而有助于获得优异的加工硬化能力。同时,RA 和 δ-F 之间以及 RA 和 IF 之间的异构异变形诱导(HDI)强化进一步提高了所研究钢材的高强度和延展性。此外,我们的研究结果表明,提高轧制温度会导致 RA 的增加,而提高轧制减薄率(即 800 °C 时的 5%)对 RA 的形成影响有限。
{"title":"Heterogeneous Fe-Mn-Al-C lightweight steel breaking the strength-ductility trade-off via high-temperature warm rolling process","authors":"Hua Wang ,&nbsp;Yongping Liang ,&nbsp;ShiYu Hao ,&nbsp;Junfeng Wang ,&nbsp;Hao Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a lightweight heterogeneous Fe-6Mn-4.1Al-0.41C-0.62Si-0.2 V (wt%) steel with the synergy of high tensile strength and ductility was achieved by warm-rolling at 850 °C with a 93 % thickness reduction, namely, an ultimate tensile strength of 1.18 GPa, a total elongation of 35.4 %, and the product of strength and elongation (PSE) of 41.9 GPa%. The microstructure of the investigated steel consists of δ-ferrite (δ-F), retained austenite (RA), inter-critical ferrite (IF) and Fe<sub>3</sub>C precipitates. The moderate stability of RA, induced by its different morphologies (<em>i.e.</em>, lath, block shape), provides a discontinuous and local phase transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect that contributes to the excellent work hardening ability. Meanwhile, the isomeric hetero deformation induced (HDI) strengthening between RA and δ-F, and between RA and IF, further enhances the investigated steel's high strength and ductility. In addition, our results indicate that increasing the rolling temperature results in the increment of RA, while increasing the rolling reduction (<em>i.e.</em>, 5 % at 800 °C) has a limited effect on the formation of RA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 114571"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cavity self-healing mechanism at the interface of high-Cr ferritic steel/austenitic steel dissimilar diffusion-bonded joint during cyclic phase transformation treatment 循环相变处理期间高铬铁素体钢/奥氏体钢异种扩散结合接头界面的空腔自修复机制
IF 4.8 2区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114569
Chenxi Liu, Yingying Wang, Ruijiang Chang, Qianying Guo, Ran Ding, Yongchang Liu
In this work, cyclic phase transformation treatment (CPTT) was developed to achieve self-healing of interfacial voids in high-Cr ferritic steel/austenitic steel dissimilar diffusion-bonded joints. The evolution of voids was analyzed based on microstructural characteristics, and mechanical properties of joints were assessed through lap-shear tensile tests. The results indicate that, in contrast to isothermal heat treatment (IHT), CPTT significantly enhances efficiency of cavity healing, leading to substantial improvements in both interface bonded ratio and shear performance of joints. By considering equivalent interfacial internal stress, a kinetic model for cavity healing was proposed, incorporating coupled the interface and surface diffusion, and the power-law creep mechanism. Simulation results demonstrate that diffusion predominates during cavity healing with negligible contribution of plastic flow. The actual cavity healing can be divided into two stages: in initial stage the large penny-shaped cavities become shorter in length with negligible change of height, while in the final stage, nearly circular voids shrinkage with a significant decrease of void size due to the enhanced effect of local surface diffusion. Moreover, it suggests that tensile internal stresses can impede healing or even promote residual void growth. Conversely, normal compressive internal stresses within cavity healing zone induced by the cyclic α↔γ phase transformation during CPTT intensify chemical gradients around void neck. This promotes accelerated atomic diffusion adjacent to void neck region, thereby resulting in a notable reduction in the duration required for complete cavity healing.
本研究开发了循环相变处理(CPTT),以实现高铬铁素体钢/奥氏体钢异种扩散结合接头中界面空隙的自修复。根据微观结构特征分析了空隙的演变,并通过搭接-剪切拉伸试验评估了接头的机械性能。结果表明,与等温热处理(IHT)相比,CPTT 显著提高了空洞愈合的效率,从而大大改善了接头的界面结合率和剪切性能。通过考虑等效界面内应力,提出了一种空腔愈合动力学模型,该模型结合了界面和表面扩散以及幂律蠕变机制。模拟结果表明,在空腔愈合过程中,扩散占主导地位,塑性流动的贡献微乎其微。实际的空腔愈合可分为两个阶段:在初始阶段,大的一分钱形空腔长度变短,高度变化可忽略不计;而在最后阶段,由于局部表面扩散作用增强,近圆形空腔收缩,空腔尺寸显著减小。此外,这还表明拉伸内应力会阻碍愈合,甚至促进残余空隙的增长。相反,在 CPTT 期间,空腔愈合区内由循环 α↔γ 相变引起的正压内应力会加剧空隙颈部周围的化学梯度。这促进了空腔颈部附近原子扩散的加速,从而显著缩短了空腔完全愈合所需的时间。
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引用次数: 0
Strength and plasticity coordination improvement mechanism in network structure TiBw/TA15 composite via multi-DOF forming 通过多道次成型改善网络结构 TiBw/TA15 复合材料的强度和塑性协调机制
IF 4.8 2区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114564
Jishi Zhang , Xinghui Han , Xuan Hu , Lin Hua , Fang Chai , Baoyi Su , Xinxin Fan
TiBw/TA15 composite with network TiB whisker (TiBw) reinforcement architecture, exhibits high strength but limited plasticity, presenting a significant challenge in enhancing the plasticity of TiBw/TA15 composites. In the current work, strength and plasticity coordination improvement of TiBw/TA15 composite is achieved through the application of multi-degrees of freedom forming (multi-DOF forming) technology. The α phase spheroidization behaviour and strength-plasticity coordination improvement mechanisms are investigated. The results elucidate that increasing deformation amount through multi-DOF forming leads to more pronounced α phase spheroidization and refinement. This effect is attributed to the generation of substantial strain along the deformation path, particularly in the regions where hard TiBw particles rotate (i.e., the tips of TiBw). Additionally, the impediment of dislocation movement by TiBw causes dislocations to accumulate along these rotation regions via single slip and cross slip mechanisms, thereby accelerating the α phase spheroidization process. Furthermore, with increasing deformation amount, the strength and plasticity are coordinately improved. The tensile strength and elongation increase linearly from 972 MPa to 1239 MPa (increased by 27.5 %) and from 5.6 % to 7.9 % (increased by 41.1 %) as the deformation condition advanced from the sintered state to the 40 % deformation condition, respectively. Improved plasticity can be attributed to the refinement of grains and TiBw, promoting more uniform plastic deformation and reducing stress concentrations during tensile testing. The strengthening mechanisms encompass load transfer strengthening facilitated by TiBw, grain refinement strengthening and dislocation pinning effect caused by TiBw.
具有网络 TiBisker(TiBw)增强结构的 TiBw/TA15 复合材料具有高强度,但塑性有限,这给提高 TiBw/TA15 复合材料的塑性带来了巨大挑战。在当前的工作中,通过应用多自由度成型(multi-DOF forming)技术,实现了 TiBw/TA15 复合材料强度和塑性的协调改善。研究了 α 相球化行为和强度-塑性协调改善机制。结果表明,通过多自由度成形增加变形量会导致更明显的 α 相球化和细化。这种效应归因于沿着变形路径产生了大量应变,特别是在硬 TiBw 颗粒旋转的区域(即 TiBw 的尖端)。此外,TiBw 对位错运动的阻碍导致位错通过单滑移和交叉滑移机制沿这些旋转区域聚集,从而加速了 α 相球化过程。此外,随着变形量的增加,强度和塑性也得到了协调改善。当变形量从烧结状态增加到 40% 时,拉伸强度和伸长率分别从 972 兆帕线性增加到 1239 兆帕(增加了 27.5%)和从 5.6% 增加到 7.9%(增加了 41.1%)。塑性的改善可归因于晶粒和 TiBw 的细化,促进了更均匀的塑性变形,减少了拉伸测试中的应力集中。强化机制包括 TiBw 促进的载荷传递强化、晶粒细化强化和 TiBw 引起的位错钉扎效应。
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引用次数: 0
Liquation cracking resistance and microstructural characteristics leading to low susceptibility in borated stainless steels for neutron absorbers 用于中子吸收器的硼化不锈钢的抗液化开裂性和导致低敏感性的微观结构特征
IF 4.8 2区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114568
Gitae Park , Yongjoon Kang , Chan Kyu Kim , Seolbin Jeong , Jung-Min Kim , Sang Woo Song
This study presents a comprehensive investigation of liquation cracking resistance in Borated Stainless Steels (BSSs) within the compositional range of ASTM A887 grade. Thermomechanical simulation was utilized to evaluate their hot cracking characteristics, providing valuable insights into the microstructural aspects. Cylindrical specimens were prepared from the three types of hot-rolled BSS sheets with varying boron content. The Gleeble simulator was employed to conduct on-heating and on-cooling hot ductility tests, specifically replicating the thermal cycles of the weld heat-affected zone, with a focus on the partially melted zone. The reduction in area was quantified as a measure of ductility, and in-depth microstructural analysis was conducted to unveil the underlying mechanisms contributing to liquation cracking susceptibility. BSSs corresponding to 304B3, B4, and B5 generally exhibited a lower brittle temperature range, and an increase in boron content was found to slightly reduce cracking susceptibility. This research clarifies the issues of low liquation cracking susceptibility in BSSs, offering valuable insights that significantly enhance their industrial performance as neutron absorbers in disposal of used nuclear fuel and nuclear power plants.
本研究全面考察了 ASTM A887 等级成分范围内硼酸盐不锈钢(BSS)的抗液化开裂性能。研究利用热力学模拟来评估它们的热裂纹特性,从而为微观结构方面提供有价值的见解。从三种不同硼含量的热轧 BSS 板材中制备了圆柱形试样。使用 Gleeble 模拟器进行加热和冷却热延展性试验,特别是复制焊接热影响区的热循环,重点是部分熔化区。面积的减少被量化为延展性的衡量标准,并进行了深入的微观结构分析,以揭示导致液化裂纹易发性的根本机制。与 304B3、B4 和 B5 相对应的 BSS 通常表现出较低的脆性温度范围,并且发现硼含量的增加会略微降低开裂敏感性。这项研究澄清了 BSS 的低液化开裂敏感性问题,提供了宝贵的见解,可显著提高其作为中子吸收剂处理废旧核燃料和核电厂的工业性能。
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引用次数: 0
High-strength stainless steel joints achieved by co-regulation mechanism of phosphide dispersed distribution and γ-phase generation 通过磷化物分散分布和γ相生成的共同调节机制实现高强度不锈钢接头
IF 4.8 2区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114565
Rui Xu , Tong Wu , Xinyue Li , Xinfei Zhang , Jingze Cui , Fugang Lu , Shuye Zhang , Ce Wang , Panpan Lin , Peng He
A novel iron-based filler FeCr18Ni10Si6P6 was designed to address the inherent limitations of joint strength reduction caused by the formation of the continuous brittle phase in the diffusion affected zone (DAZ) during traditional iron-based filler joints. The influence of process parameters on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of the joints was subjected to a comprehensive examination. The results indicated that the diffusion of Cr would result in the formation of α-phase in DAZ of the joints, which predominantly solidified most of the P atoms. This ultimately led to the precipitation of phosphide in the form of fine needles, enhancing the strength of the joints and altering the joint fracture region from DAZ to athermal solidified zone (ASZ). The joint strength peaked at 177 MPa when brazed at 1120 °C for 15 min, which is 2.6 times higher than that of traditional iron-based filler metals used in bonding. This filler metal presents a novel approach to the low-cost and high-quality joining of stainless steel.
设计了一种新型铁基填料 FeCr18Ni10Si6P6,以解决传统的铁基填料接头在扩散影响区(DAZ)形成连续脆性相而导致接头强度降低的固有局限性。研究人员全面考察了工艺参数对接头微观结构演变和机械性能的影响。结果表明,铬的扩散将导致在接头的 DAZ 中形成 α 相,该相主要固化大部分 P 原子。这最终导致磷化物以细针的形式析出,提高了接头的强度,并将接头断裂区域从 DAZ 变为热凝固区 (ASZ)。在 1120 °C 下钎焊 15 分钟后,接头强度达到峰值 177 兆帕,是用于粘接的传统铁基填充金属的 2.6 倍。这种填充金属为低成本、高质量地连接不锈钢提供了一种新方法。
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引用次数: 0
Characteristic of phase precipitation and its role in grain evolution and mechanical properties of high entropy alloy 相析出的特征及其在高熵合金晶粒演化和力学性能中的作用
IF 4.8 2区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114563
Shaolong Song, Xiaodi Wang, Zhe Zhang, Xuechong Ren
High entropy alloys have attracted great interests in research due to the novel designing concept. In this work, the microstructural evolution of Al0.3CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy after cold rolling and annealing treatment (at 750 °C, 850 °C and 950 °C) was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction. It was found that this alloy was subject to recrystallization, grain growth and abnormal grain growth, accompanied by second phase precipitation with increasing annealing time. Precipitates were formed in non-recrystallized areas at low temperatures, which delayed recrystallization and subsequent grain growth. On the other hand, precipitates were detected in both recrystallized grain interiors and boundaries at all temperatures after recrystallization, and with increasing annealing time, their total volume fractions firstly increased, then decreased and finally remained nearly unchanged. The grain growth was highly impeded by precipitates, e.g., the grain size was only ∼1.41 μm after 150 h annealing at 750 °C, which was reflected by the higher activation energy for grain growth (Q) of ∼1730 kJ/mol compared with other reported HEAs and conventional alloys. In addition, the resistance to grain growth and appearance time of abnormal grain growth (detected simultaneously with recrystallization completion at 950 °C) decreased with increasing temperature, which was explained by the variation of Zener effect. Considering the above results, the 750 °C/96 h annealed specimen with the homogeneous microstructure of micron-sized (∼1.13 μm) grains and abundant submicron-sized (∼0.40 μm) precipitates was selected and verified to possess a good combination of tensile and fatigue properties.
高熵合金因其新颖的设计理念而备受研究关注。在这项工作中,利用扫描电子显微镜和电子反向散射衍射研究了 Al0.3CoCrFeNi 高熵合金在冷轧和退火处理(750 ℃、850 ℃ 和 950 ℃)后的微观结构演变。研究发现,随着退火时间的延长,这种合金会发生再结晶、晶粒长大和异常晶粒长大,并伴有第二相析出。在低温下,非再结晶区域形成析出物,从而延迟了再结晶和随后的晶粒长大。另一方面,在再结晶后的所有温度下,在再结晶的晶粒内部和晶粒边界都能检测到析出物,而且随着退火时间的延长,析出物的总体积分数先是增加,然后减少,最后几乎保持不变。晶粒生长受到析出物的严重阻碍,例如在 750 °C 下退火 150 h 后,晶粒大小仅为 ∼1.41 μm,与其他报道的 HEA 和传统合金相比,晶粒生长的活化能(Q)高达 ∼1730 kJ/mol,这反映了晶粒生长受到析出物的严重阻碍。此外,晶粒生长阻力和异常晶粒生长出现时间(在 950 ℃ 再结晶完成时同时检测到)随温度升高而降低,这可以用齐纳效应的变化来解释。考虑到上述结果,我们选择了 750 °C/96 h 退火试样,该试样具有均匀的微米级(∼1.13 μm)晶粒和丰富的亚微米级(∼0.40 μm)析出物的微观结构,并验证了该试样具有良好的拉伸和疲劳性能组合。
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Materials Characterization
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