Materials Characterization最新文献_第7页

Elucidating hierarchical microstructures in high entropy superalloys: An integrated multiscale study

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114642

Erika Zaiser , Andrea Fantin , Anna M. Manzoni , René Hesse , Daniel M. Többens , Wei-Che Hsu , Hideyuki Murakami , An-Chou Yeh , Michael J. Pavel , Mark L. Weaver , Huihui Zhu , Yuan Wu , Florian Vogel

In this study, we examine a high entropy superalloy (HESA-Y1: Ni_49.37Co₂₀Cr₇Fe₄Al_11.6Ti₆Re₁Mo_0.5W_0.5Hf_0.03 at%), focusing on hierarchical microstructure formation and its effects on mechanical properties. Thermodynamic modeling using Thermo-Calc predicts equilibrium phase fractions, compositions, and transition temperatures, which are validated by experimental data from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals that secondary aging induces nanometer-sized γ particles within γ' precipitates, forming a hierarchical γ/γ' microstructure. Atom probe tomography (APT) confirms supersaturation of γ' precipitates with γ-forming elements (Co, Cr, Fe), driving γ particle formation, and measures interfacial widths between γ' and γ phases. Partitioning coefficients derived from APT align with Thermo-Calc predictions for most elements. Vickers microhardness testing shows an increase of about 50 HV in the hierarchical microstructure compared to the conventional one. In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) from 25 to 750 °C determines a small, negative lattice misfit δ between γ and γ' phases, suggesting enhanced microstructural stability, consistent with Thermo-Calc calculations. Our methodological approach enables measurement of the unconstrained lattice parameter of phase-extracted γ' in a single-crystal XRD setup. Due to their small size and low volume fraction, γ particles do not produce distinct reflections in the X-ray diffractogram. Elucidating hierarchical microstructures across multiple scales, we establish that the presence of Re and Hf and controlled aging processes lead to enhanced mechanical properties, offering valuable insights for the design of advanced high entropy superalloys.

{"title":"Elucidating hierarchical microstructures in high entropy superalloys: An integrated multiscale study","authors":"Erika Zaiser , Andrea Fantin , Anna M. Manzoni , René Hesse , Daniel M. Többens , Wei-Che Hsu , Hideyuki Murakami , An-Chou Yeh , Michael J. Pavel , Mark L. Weaver , Huihui Zhu , Yuan Wu , Florian Vogel","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we examine a high entropy superalloy (HESA-Y1: Ni<sub>49.37</sub>Co<sub>20</sub>Cr<sub>7</sub>Fe<sub>4</sub>Al<sub>11.6</sub>Ti<sub>6</sub>Re<sub>1</sub>Mo<sub>0.5</sub>W<sub>0.5</sub>Hf<sub>0.03</sub> at%), focusing on hierarchical microstructure formation and its effects on mechanical properties. Thermodynamic modeling using Thermo-Calc predicts equilibrium phase fractions, compositions, and transition temperatures, which are validated by experimental data from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals that secondary aging induces nanometer-sized γ particles within γ' precipitates, forming a hierarchical γ/γ' microstructure. Atom probe tomography (APT) confirms supersaturation of γ' precipitates with γ-forming elements (Co, Cr, Fe), driving γ particle formation, and measures interfacial widths between γ' and γ phases. Partitioning coefficients derived from APT align with Thermo-Calc predictions for most elements. Vickers microhardness testing shows an increase of about 50 HV in the hierarchical microstructure compared to the conventional one. <em>In situ</em> synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) from 25 to 750 °C determines a small, negative lattice misfit δ between γ and γ' phases, suggesting enhanced microstructural stability, consistent with Thermo-Calc calculations. Our methodological approach enables measurement of the unconstrained lattice parameter of phase-extracted γ' in a single-crystal XRD setup. Due to their small size and low volume fraction, γ particles do not produce distinct reflections in the X-ray diffractogram. Elucidating hierarchical microstructures across multiple scales, we establish that the presence of Re and Hf and controlled aging processes lead to enhanced mechanical properties, offering valuable insights for the design of advanced high entropy superalloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 114642"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of 800 °C/10,000 h aging-induced μ phase on plasticity in Ni-Co-Cr based superalloys

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114807

Zhaotian Wang , Yongquan Ning , Qingqi Meng , Bingchao Xie , Shuo Huang , Wenyun Zhang , Beijiang Zhang

Since the concentration of refractory elements, such as W and Mo, increases in superalloys, the brittle μ phases, specifically (Co, Cr)₇(W, Mo)₆, tend to precipitate readily. These μ phases frequently serve as crack initiation sites, leading to a significant reduction in the lifetime of alloys. The present study focuses on the effect of μ phases on room-temperature tensile plasticity of a Ni-Co-Cr-based superalloy containing 4.0 wt% W and 4.0 wt% Mo during long-term aging. The objective is to analyze the precipitation behavior of μ phases and their influence on the elongation. With the precipitation of μ phases, W and Mo diffuse from the γ matrix into the μ phase, and meanwhile, the size and area fraction of μ phases initially increase before stabilizing. Notably, at an aging temperature of 800 °C, Mo exhibits a stronger diffusion ability compared to W. The depletion of solute atoms in the γ matrix, results the weakening of solid solution strength. Therefore, during tensile tests, more intergranular cracks propagate along the γ matrix interface near μ phases and γ' precipitates. Regarding the fracture characteristics, as the size and area fraction of μ phase increase, a greater number of dislocations pile-up near grain boundaries, leading to the formation of numerous creaks through shearing and bypassing. Moreover, the elongation significantly decreases from 17 to 19 % to 8–12 % after aging for more than 1000 h. This work enhances our understanding of μ precipitation and its effect on the material's plasticity.

{"title":"Effect of 800 °C/10,000 h aging-induced μ phase on plasticity in Ni-Co-Cr based superalloys","authors":"Zhaotian Wang , Yongquan Ning , Qingqi Meng , Bingchao Xie , Shuo Huang , Wenyun Zhang , Beijiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114807","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since the concentration of refractory elements, such as W and Mo, increases in superalloys, the brittle μ phases, specifically (Co, Cr)<sub>7</sub>(W, Mo)<sub>6</sub>, tend to precipitate readily. These μ phases frequently serve as crack initiation sites, leading to a significant reduction in the lifetime of alloys. The present study focuses on the effect of μ phases on room-temperature tensile plasticity of a Ni-Co-Cr-based superalloy containing 4.0 wt% W and 4.0 wt% Mo during long-term aging. The objective is to analyze the precipitation behavior of μ phases and their influence on the elongation. With the precipitation of μ phases, W and Mo diffuse from the γ matrix into the μ phase, and meanwhile, the size and area fraction of μ phases initially increase before stabilizing. Notably, at an aging temperature of 800 °C, Mo exhibits a stronger diffusion ability compared to W. The depletion of solute atoms in the γ matrix, results the weakening of solid solution strength. Therefore, during tensile tests, more intergranular cracks propagate along the γ matrix interface near μ phases and γ' precipitates. Regarding the fracture characteristics, as the size and area fraction of μ phase increase, a greater number of dislocations pile-up near grain boundaries, leading to the formation of numerous creaks through shearing and bypassing. Moreover, the elongation significantly decreases from 17 to 19 % to 8–12 % after aging for more than 1000 h. This work enhances our understanding of μ precipitation and its effect on the material's plasticity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114807"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143306202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The insight effect of texture components on the recrystallization behavior of MoRe alloy

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114694

Congqing Liu , Jingjing Liao , Jun Wu , Fuen Zhang , Hongling Zhou , An Yan , Yuzhen Jia , Haiming Zhang , Quan Li , Xun Dai , Chao Sun , Baifeng Luan

Molybdenum alloys are promising materials for high-temperature gas-cooled reactor fuel cladding due to their excellent performance at elevated temperatures, favorable mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and low neutron absorption cross-section. However, their high melting point and inherent hardness require annealing to improve processability. This study investigates the effects of vacuum annealing on the microstructure and texture evolution of rotary swaged MoRe alloys. The as-swaged alloy exhibits a fibrous structure with elongated grains along the axial direction (AD). Annealing at 1200 °C results in a bimodal microstructure, with both deformed and recrystallized grains, indicating a partially recrystallized (PRX) state. Furthermore, annealing at 1300 °C leads to a completely recrystallized (CRX) microstructure. The recrystallization mechanism is primarily driven by subgrains coalescence. The texture of the rotary swaged MoRe alloy is dominated by a strong 〈101〉//AD fiber texture, accompanied by a weaker 〈001〉//AD texture. After recrystallization, the intensity of the <101>//AD texture decreases, while the <001>//AD texture becomes more prominent. These texture changes suggest that the <001>//AD texture promotes recrystallization, whereas the <101>//AD texture hinders it. The evolution of the recrystallization texture is attributed to the preferential growth of <001>//AD grains and stress-driven grain rotation. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing the heat treatment process of rotary swaged MoRe alloys.

{"title":"The insight effect of texture components on the recrystallization behavior of MoRe alloy","authors":"Congqing Liu , Jingjing Liao , Jun Wu , Fuen Zhang , Hongling Zhou , An Yan , Yuzhen Jia , Haiming Zhang , Quan Li , Xun Dai , Chao Sun , Baifeng Luan","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114694","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114694","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molybdenum alloys are promising materials for high-temperature gas-cooled reactor fuel cladding due to their excellent performance at elevated temperatures, favorable mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and low neutron absorption cross-section. However, their high melting point and inherent hardness require annealing to improve processability. This study investigates the effects of vacuum annealing on the microstructure and texture evolution of rotary swaged Mo<img>Re alloys. The as-swaged alloy exhibits a fibrous structure with elongated grains along the axial direction (AD). Annealing at 1200 °C results in a bimodal microstructure, with both deformed and recrystallized grains, indicating a partially recrystallized (PRX) state. Furthermore, annealing at 1300 °C leads to a completely recrystallized (CRX) microstructure. The recrystallization mechanism is primarily driven by subgrains coalescence. The texture of the rotary swaged Mo<img>Re alloy is dominated by a strong 〈101〉//AD fiber texture, accompanied by a weaker 〈001〉//AD texture. After recrystallization, the intensity of the <101>//AD texture decreases, while the <001>//AD texture becomes more prominent. These texture changes suggest that the <001>//AD texture promotes recrystallization, whereas the <101>//AD texture hinders it. The evolution of the recrystallization texture is attributed to the preferential growth of <001>//AD grains and stress-driven grain rotation. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing the heat treatment process of rotary swaged Mo<img>Re alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 114694"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preparation and formation mechanism of TaCp/Fe cluster-reinforced iron matrix composites

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114693

Nana Zhao , Zehao Zhang , Liangliang Wang , Chengxuan Zhou , Hao Chen , Lisheng Zhong , Yunhua Xu

In ceramic particle reinforced iron matrix composites, a significant increase in the volume fraction of the reinforcing phase results in enhanced strength but a dramatic decrease in toughness. This study prepared TaC_p/Fe cluster-reinforced iron matrix composites through a combination of lost foam casting and in-situ reaction. During lost foam casting, tantalum wires react with gray cast iron in a solid-liquid process to form a preform. In the subsequent in-situ solid-solid reaction, carbon atoms continuously fill the lattice gaps of Ta to form TaC, which then results in the formation of a three-dimensional cluster-reinforced structure of TaC_p and α-Fe around the tantalum wires. TaC_p/Fe cluster-reinforced iron matrix composites have a spatial architecture combining soft and hard phases: The tantalum wires, ferrite, and the carbon-poor regions surrounding the reinforcement constitute the soft regions; TaC_p and its cluster reinforcement exhibits excellent load-bearing properties. The in-situ reaction samples obtained at 1115 °C for 7 h exhibited a compressive yield strength of 419 ± 9 MPa and a strain of 21.1 ± 0.6 %, which are 1.8 times and 1.3 times that of the matrix, respectively. In conclusion, the TaC_p/Fe cluster-reinforced iron matrix composites prepared by lost foam casting combined with in-situ reaction method have favorable strength-toughness matching properties.

{"title":"Preparation and formation mechanism of TaCp/Fe cluster-reinforced iron matrix composites","authors":"Nana Zhao , Zehao Zhang , Liangliang Wang , Chengxuan Zhou , Hao Chen , Lisheng Zhong , Yunhua Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In ceramic particle reinforced iron matrix composites, a significant increase in the volume fraction of the reinforcing phase results in enhanced strength but a dramatic decrease in toughness. This study prepared TaC<sub>p</sub>/Fe cluster-reinforced iron matrix composites through a combination of lost foam casting and in-situ reaction. During lost foam casting, tantalum wires react with gray cast iron in a solid-liquid process to form a preform. In the subsequent in-situ solid-solid reaction, carbon atoms continuously fill the lattice gaps of Ta to form TaC, which then results in the formation of a three-dimensional cluster-reinforced structure of TaC<sub>p</sub> and α-Fe around the tantalum wires. TaC<sub>p</sub>/Fe cluster-reinforced iron matrix composites have a spatial architecture combining soft and hard phases: The tantalum wires, ferrite, and the carbon-poor regions surrounding the reinforcement constitute the soft regions; TaC<sub>p</sub> and its cluster reinforcement exhibits excellent load-bearing properties. The in-situ reaction samples obtained at 1115 °C for 7 h exhibited a compressive yield strength of 419 ± 9 MPa and a strain of 21.1 ± 0.6 %, which are 1.8 times and 1.3 times that of the matrix, respectively. In conclusion, the TaC<sub>p</sub>/Fe cluster-reinforced iron matrix composites prepared by lost foam casting combined with in-situ reaction method have favorable strength-toughness matching properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 114693"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Accurate segmentation and quantitative evaluation of Cf/SiC fiber fracture defects using an enhanced deep learning method

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114712

Chengyu Liang , Qinjie Hu , Xiaojin Gao , Jie Wu , Hui Mei , Fei Qi , Laifei Cheng , Litong Zhang

The complex preparation process and demanding operating conditions of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) frequently result in fiber fracture defects, posing significant safety risks. Accurate characterization of these defects and evaluation of their impact on the mechanical properties of CMCs are crucial. X-ray computed tomography, a widely used nondestructive testing method for CMCs, faces challenges in accurately segmenting and quantifying fiber fracture defects due to their complex spatial structures and low grayscale contrast in large datasets. This paper proposes a Transformer-based deep neural network for segmenting fiber fracture defects. By incorporating a semantic enhancement module in the decoder, the model achieves accurate defect segmentation, outperforming existing image segmentation networks while reducing computational costs. Three-dimensional visualization and quantitative analysis of the defects helped clarify the failure mechanisms of CMCs. In addition, mechanical tests reveal a progressive decline in both tensile and compressive properties with aggravating defects. The final retention rates of tensile and compressive strength are 60.65 % and 57.38 %, respectively, compared with defect-free samples. Fiber fracture defects alter the material's fracture surface direction and microstructure, inducing delamination and cracks. The proposed method offers valuable insights for the intelligent nondestructive evaluation of CMC components with fiber fracture defects.

{"title":"Accurate segmentation and quantitative evaluation of Cf/SiC fiber fracture defects using an enhanced deep learning method","authors":"Chengyu Liang , Qinjie Hu , Xiaojin Gao , Jie Wu , Hui Mei , Fei Qi , Laifei Cheng , Litong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The complex preparation process and demanding operating conditions of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) frequently result in fiber fracture defects, posing significant safety risks. Accurate characterization of these defects and evaluation of their impact on the mechanical properties of CMCs are crucial. X-ray computed tomography, a widely used nondestructive testing method for CMCs, faces challenges in accurately segmenting and quantifying fiber fracture defects due to their complex spatial structures and low grayscale contrast in large datasets. This paper proposes a Transformer-based deep neural network for segmenting fiber fracture defects. By incorporating a semantic enhancement module in the decoder, the model achieves accurate defect segmentation, outperforming existing image segmentation networks while reducing computational costs. Three-dimensional visualization and quantitative analysis of the defects helped clarify the failure mechanisms of CMCs. In addition, mechanical tests reveal a progressive decline in both tensile and compressive properties with aggravating defects. The final retention rates of tensile and compressive strength are 60.65 % and 57.38 %, respectively, compared with defect-free samples. Fiber fracture defects alter the material's fracture surface direction and microstructure, inducing delamination and cracks. The proposed method offers valuable insights for the intelligent nondestructive evaluation of CMC components with fiber fracture defects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 114712"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, degradation properties, and cytocompatibility of degradable Zn-0.45Li alloy wire used for ligature clips

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114717

Yongqi Jiang , Quanxin Chen , Xinglong Zhu , Lijing Yang , Qingke Zhang , Cheng Xu , Jinchang Lei , Zhenlun Song

In this study, the extruded Zn-0.45Li alloy was processed through multiple passes of rotary forging to obtain ultrafine crystalline materials with 3 mm and 1 mm diameters. At 1 mm, the tensile strength reached 610 MPa, and the elongation remained at 38.4 %. The rotary forging treatment promoted the uniform distribution of LiZn₄ phase and grain refinement. An extremely strong [0001]//ND basal texture was observed at 1 mm. The immersion and electrochemical experiments indicated that under the influence of the rotary forging process, the corrosion resistance of Zn-0.45Li monotonically decreased, and the final degradation rate was maintained at approximately 40 μm/year. The results of cytotoxicity tests and fluorescence staining experiments showed that the Zn-0.45Li alloy exhibited excellent cytocompatibility, indicating that the rotary forging process effectively improves the comprehensive performance of Zn-0.45Li and has great potential for application.

{"title":"Microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, degradation properties, and cytocompatibility of degradable Zn-0.45Li alloy wire used for ligature clips","authors":"Yongqi Jiang , Quanxin Chen , Xinglong Zhu , Lijing Yang , Qingke Zhang , Cheng Xu , Jinchang Lei , Zhenlun Song","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the extruded Zn-0.45Li alloy was processed through multiple passes of rotary forging to obtain ultrafine crystalline materials with 3 mm and 1 mm diameters. At 1 mm, the tensile strength reached 610 MPa, and the elongation remained at 38.4 %. The rotary forging treatment promoted the uniform distribution of LiZn<sub>4</sub> phase and grain refinement. An extremely strong [0001]//ND basal texture was observed at 1 mm. The immersion and electrochemical experiments indicated that under the influence of the rotary forging process, the corrosion resistance of Zn-0.45Li monotonically decreased, and the final degradation rate was maintained at approximately 40 μm/year. The results of cytotoxicity tests and fluorescence staining experiments showed that the Zn-0.45Li alloy exhibited excellent cytocompatibility, indicating that the rotary forging process effectively improves the comprehensive performance of Zn-0.45Li and has great potential for application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 114717"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Zinc-substituted Li4Ti5O12 as a novel large-capacity and low-voltage titanium-based anode material for Li-ion batteries

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114684

Pengzu Kou , Lizhi Qian , Sufeng Cao , Hamidreza Arandiyan , Yuan Wang , Suresh K. Bhargava , Zhiyuan Wang , Runguo Zheng , Hongyu Sun , Yanguo Liu , Zongping Shao

Metal oxides have high theoretical capacities as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, but the potential of most of them exceeds 1.0 V, which significantly hinders their practical application in full cells. Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ (LTO) anode exhibits excellent cycling performance due to its “zero strain” characteristics. However, its theoretical capacity is only 175 mAh g⁻¹, coupled with the high potential (1.55 V), it will lead to low energy density and low full-cell voltage. Here, we use a partial Zn substitution strategy to tune the potential of LTO to improve its electrochemical performance. LTO with optimal Zn substitution (ZT2) exhibits greatly enhanced battery performance with low working potential (0.62 V) and high capacity (238.4 mAh g⁻¹ after 200 cycles at 2 A g⁻¹). The ultra-low potential of Zn-substituted ZT2 is due to the fact that the reaction process of Li⁺ intercalation has changed from mainly occurring at the 16c octahedral sites to occurring at the 8a site due to the addition of Zn. The specific energy density of the ZT2//LCO (LiCoO₂) full cell is 96.9 Wh kg⁻¹, which is much higher than that of the LTO//LCO full cell. In addition, the ZT2//LCO full cell still maintains a high stability of 78.7 mAh g⁻¹ after 3500 cycles at a current density of 0.5 A g⁻¹. Our results demonstrate that Zn-substituted LTO exhibits high capacity and low voltage advantages, indicating great significance for promoting the practical application of titanium-based anode materials.

{"title":"Zinc-substituted Li4Ti5O12 as a novel large-capacity and low-voltage titanium-based anode material for Li-ion batteries","authors":"Pengzu Kou , Lizhi Qian , Sufeng Cao , Hamidreza Arandiyan , Yuan Wang , Suresh K. Bhargava , Zhiyuan Wang , Runguo Zheng , Hongyu Sun , Yanguo Liu , Zongping Shao","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114684","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metal oxides have high theoretical capacities as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, but the potential of most of them exceeds 1.0 V, which significantly hinders their practical application in full cells. Li<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub> (LTO) anode exhibits excellent cycling performance due to its “zero strain” characteristics. However, its theoretical capacity is only 175 mAh g<sup>−1</sup>, coupled with the high potential (1.55 V), it will lead to low energy density and low full-cell voltage. Here, we use a partial Zn substitution strategy to tune the potential of LTO to improve its electrochemical performance. LTO with optimal Zn substitution (ZT2) exhibits greatly enhanced battery performance with low working potential (0.62 V) and high capacity (238.4 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> after 200 cycles at 2 A g<sup>−1</sup>). The ultra-low potential of Zn-substituted ZT2 is due to the fact that the reaction process of Li<sup>+</sup> intercalation has changed from mainly occurring at the 16c octahedral sites to occurring at the 8a site due to the addition of Zn. The specific energy density of the ZT2//LCO (LiCoO<sub>2</sub>) full cell is 96.9 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup>, which is much higher than that of the LTO//LCO full cell. In addition, the ZT2//LCO full cell still maintains a high stability of 78.7 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> after 3500 cycles at a current density of 0.5 A g<sup>−1</sup>. Our results demonstrate that Zn-substituted LTO exhibits high capacity and low voltage advantages, indicating great significance for promoting the practical application of titanium-based anode materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 114684"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 6082 aluminum alloy manufactured by friction stir additive

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114680

Bingxin Jiang, Qifeng Cai, Huwei Tao, Weicheng Zhang, Hua Zhang

The Friction Stir Additive Manufacturing (FSAM) technique was employed to successfully fabricate multi-layered components of 6082-T6 aluminum alloy in this study. This study investigated the influence of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the additively manufactured 6082-T6 aluminum alloy parts. The results indicate that due to continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX), AZ exhibits a fine equiaxed grain structure. Compared to BM, the proportion of low angle boundaries (LABs) and the density of geometrically necessary dislocations (GND) decrease in the AZ samples. Subsequent to heat treatment, the HTAZ grains undergo static recrystallization (SRX) and exhibit abnormal growth, leading to a further reduction in LABs proportion and GND density. Following FSAM, the disappearance of the β” phase in AZ samples results in microhardness and tensile strength reaching 62.82 % and 64.46 % of BM, respectively. Variations in thermal cycling across different locations in AZ lead to heterogeneous mechanical properties. Post-heat treatment, the re-precipitation of high-density β” phases led to a 56.21 % strength recovery in HTAZ samples. Most importantly, the significant improvement and resolution of the mechanical property non-uniformity issue in the additive region were achieved.

{"title":"The effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 6082 aluminum alloy manufactured by friction stir additive","authors":"Bingxin Jiang, Qifeng Cai, Huwei Tao, Weicheng Zhang, Hua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Friction Stir Additive Manufacturing (FSAM) technique was employed to successfully fabricate multi-layered components of 6082-T6 aluminum alloy in this study. This study investigated the influence of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the additively manufactured 6082-T6 aluminum alloy parts. The results indicate that due to continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX), AZ exhibits a fine equiaxed grain structure. Compared to BM, the proportion of low angle boundaries (LABs) and the density of geometrically necessary dislocations (GND) decrease in the AZ samples. Subsequent to heat treatment, the HTAZ grains undergo static recrystallization (SRX) and exhibit abnormal growth, leading to a further reduction in LABs proportion and GND density. Following FSAM, the disappearance of the β” phase in AZ samples results in microhardness and tensile strength reaching 62.82 % and 64.46 % of BM, respectively. Variations in thermal cycling across different locations in AZ lead to heterogeneous mechanical properties. Post-heat treatment, the re-precipitation of high-density β” phases led to a 56.21 % strength recovery in HTAZ samples. Most importantly, the significant improvement and resolution of the mechanical property non-uniformity issue in the additive region were achieved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 114680"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oil acid-assisted lanthanum ions doping by hydrothermal synthesis for boosting dielectric property of BaTiO3 ceramics

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114695

Weizhang Zhao , Xuefei Wang , Yuxin Fan , Shaowen Cao , Guoqiang Luo , Rong Tu , Qiang Shen , Lianmeng Zhang

To meet the growing demands for smaller, thinner, and higher-capacity multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs), there is a significant need for high-quality, fine nanopowders. Herein, the fine lanthanum doping barium titanate (BLT) metastable nanopowders were hydrothermally prepared by a simple oil acid-assisted lanthanum ions doping strategy. Due to the initially adsorption between Ti⁴⁺ ions and oleic acid molecules, Ba²⁺ ions grow in situ on tetrabutyl titanate, resulting in the formation of fine barium titanate particles (30–60 nm). Upon introducing lanthanum ions, the obtained BLT ceramics (5 mol%) displayed an maximum dielectric constant (Dc_max, 7746 F/m) with a low dielectric loss of 0.05796 under 180 °C, which is 270 % higher than that of pure BT ceramics. The boosted dielectric constant can be attributed to the fact that the uneven substitution of lanthanum for barium cations, which creates numerous titanium vacancies to promote spontaneous polarization. This study offers a reliable approach for producing high-dielectric tetragonal BLT ceramics.

{"title":"Oil acid-assisted lanthanum ions doping by hydrothermal synthesis for boosting dielectric property of BaTiO3 ceramics","authors":"Weizhang Zhao , Xuefei Wang , Yuxin Fan , Shaowen Cao , Guoqiang Luo , Rong Tu , Qiang Shen , Lianmeng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To meet the growing demands for smaller, thinner, and higher-capacity multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs), there is a significant need for high-quality, fine nanopowders. Herein, the fine lanthanum doping barium titanate (BLT) metastable nanopowders were hydrothermally prepared by a simple oil acid-assisted lanthanum ions doping strategy. Due to the initially adsorption between Ti<sup>4+</sup> ions and oleic acid molecules, Ba<sup>2+</sup> ions grow in situ on tetrabutyl titanate, resulting in the formation of fine barium titanate particles (30–60 nm). Upon introducing lanthanum ions, the obtained BLT ceramics (5 mol%) displayed an maximum dielectric constant (Dc<sub>max</sub>, 7746 F/m) with a low dielectric loss of 0.05796 under 180 °C, which is 270 % higher than that of pure BT ceramics. The boosted dielectric constant can be attributed to the fact that the uneven substitution of lanthanum for barium cations, which creates numerous titanium vacancies to promote spontaneous polarization. This study offers a reliable approach for producing high-dielectric tetragonal BLT ceramics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 114695"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microstructure evolution and interfacial healing mechanism of heterogeneous interfaces in NiCo based superalloys during hot compression bonding

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114658

Shaofei Ren , He Xiao , Shengqing Wu , Chenqi Zeng , Xiaolong Bai , Sheng Liu , Bin Xu , Chuanyong Cui , Guangcai Ma , Mingyue Sun

This study focuses on the microstructural evolution of heterogeneous interfaces and healing mechanism of bonding interfaces of NiCo based superalloys during hot compression bonding. The coarse and fine grain sides show distinct refinement mechanisms during hot deformation. The coarse grain side refines the grains mainly through deformation twins and deformation microbands, and the residual primary γ' phase also facilitates the recrystallization through particle-stimulated nucleation mechanism. Continuous dynamic recrystallization through in-situ transformation of dislocation cells into high angle grain boundaries also contributes to the formation of necklace-like recrystallization on coarse grain side. The grains on the fine-grain side are further refined mainly by strain-induced discontinuous dynamic recrystallization. Dislocation density gradients induced by heterogeneous deformation drive migration of bonding interfaces across interfacial oxides from fine to coarse grain side during hot deformation. As the deformation strain increases, the migrating interfaces form the first layer of necklace-like recrystallization on coarse grain side due to deformation uncoordinated. Further increasing the deformation strain, the local deformation leads to continuous expansion of necklace-like recrystallized grains in deformed grains and refined recrystallized grains. The testing of mechanical properties indicate that the heterogeneous interface achieves complete healing, which provides a new idea for fabrication of dual microstructure turbine disks.

{"title":"Microstructure evolution and interfacial healing mechanism of heterogeneous interfaces in NiCo based superalloys during hot compression bonding","authors":"Shaofei Ren , He Xiao , Shengqing Wu , Chenqi Zeng , Xiaolong Bai , Sheng Liu , Bin Xu , Chuanyong Cui , Guangcai Ma , Mingyue Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2024.114658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on the microstructural evolution of heterogeneous interfaces and healing mechanism of bonding interfaces of Ni<img>Co based superalloys during hot compression bonding. The coarse and fine grain sides show distinct refinement mechanisms during hot deformation. The coarse grain side refines the grains mainly through deformation twins and deformation microbands, and the residual primary γ' phase also facilitates the recrystallization through particle-stimulated nucleation mechanism. Continuous dynamic recrystallization through in-situ transformation of dislocation cells into high angle grain boundaries also contributes to the formation of necklace-like recrystallization on coarse grain side. The grains on the fine-grain side are further refined mainly by strain-induced discontinuous dynamic recrystallization. Dislocation density gradients induced by heterogeneous deformation drive migration of bonding interfaces across interfacial oxides from fine to coarse grain side during hot deformation. As the deformation strain increases, the migrating interfaces form the first layer of necklace-like recrystallization on coarse grain side due to deformation uncoordinated. Further increasing the deformation strain, the local deformation leads to continuous expansion of necklace-like recrystallized grains in deformed grains and refined recrystallized grains. The testing of mechanical properties indicate that the heterogeneous interface achieves complete healing, which provides a new idea for fabrication of dual microstructure turbine disks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 114658"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0