Materials Characterization最新文献

英文中文

Inconel 625/NiCrWMo functionally graded materials manufactured by direct laser deposition

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114862

André A. Ferreira , Ana R. Reis , João P. Sousa , João M. Cruz , Manuel F. Vieira

The production of functional gradient materials (FGM) is an option for the various industrial sectors and a solution for many engineering applications. FGM's are a class of materials that can also be characterised as metal composites that gradually change composition and structure. In this study, the production of FGM's on 42CrMo4 structural steel substrate, varying the composition from 100 % Inconel 625 to 100 % NiCrWMo alloy, was successfully fabricated using the Direct Laser Deposition technique. The substrate was pre-heated to decrease the cooling rate and the formation of metastable phases of the heat-affected zone, and for comparison purposes, deposition was performed on the substrate without pre-heating. A mixture of Inconel 625 and NiCrWMo-type nickel superalloy powders was used to produce functionally graded structures. Microstructural characterisation and phase identification were performed by scanning electron microscopy, chemical analyses by energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and electron backscatter diffraction. Microhardness mapping performed on the FGMs allowed the hardness profile along the gradient to be evaluated and correlated with the chemical analyses to be performed. The metallurgical, chemical, and mechanical characterisations and the correlation with process parameters are determined and discussed throughout this investigation. This research shows an innovative FGM, which has not yet been produced, allowing this research to evaluate the characteristics of each powder's mixture composition. It was also possible to observe the effect of alloying elements on the microstructure and hardness of the graded materials.

{"title":"Inconel 625/NiCrWMo functionally graded materials manufactured by direct laser deposition","authors":"André A. Ferreira , Ana R. Reis , João P. Sousa , João M. Cruz , Manuel F. Vieira","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The production of functional gradient materials (FGM) is an option for the various industrial sectors and a solution for many engineering applications. FGM's are a class of materials that can also be characterised as metal composites that gradually change composition and structure. In this study, the production of FGM's on 42CrMo4 structural steel substrate, varying the composition from 100 % Inconel 625 to 100 % NiCrWMo alloy, was successfully fabricated using the Direct Laser Deposition technique. The substrate was pre-heated to decrease the cooling rate and the formation of metastable phases of the heat-affected zone, and for comparison purposes, deposition was performed on the substrate without pre-heating. A mixture of Inconel 625 and NiCrWMo-type nickel superalloy powders was used to produce functionally graded structures. Microstructural characterisation and phase identification were performed by scanning electron microscopy, chemical analyses by energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and electron backscatter diffraction. Microhardness mapping performed on the FGMs allowed the hardness profile along the gradient to be evaluated and correlated with the chemical analyses to be performed. The metallurgical, chemical, and mechanical characterisations and the correlation with process parameters are determined and discussed throughout this investigation. This research shows an innovative FGM, which has not yet been produced, allowing this research to evaluate the characteristics of each powder's mixture composition. It was also possible to observe the effect of alloying elements on the microstructure and hardness of the graded materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114862"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Localized orientation gradients in additively manufactured stainless steel 316H structures

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114860

Selda Nayir , Gerald L. Knapp , Alex Plotkowski , Caleb Massey , John Coleman , Chase Joslin , Fred List III , Peeyush Nandwana

The high solidification rates during additive manufacturing cause highly localized thermal and strain gradients. The effect of these gradients on the evolution of local orientation misorientations within a grain is not well understood. In this study, stainless steel 316H parts were fabricated via laser powder bed fusion using three different energy densities: 43, 71, and 135 J/mm³. Electron backscatter diffraction showed that the maximum misorientations of the grains can be up to 25° along the build direction. Misorientation gradients (RM_g) within grains are process-dependent and can change from 0.036°/μm to 0.015°/μm with increased volumetric energy densities. The characterized misorientation gradients are an indication of the level of dislocations and, to an extent, the plastic deformation resulting from the rapid solidification during laser powder bed fusion.

引用次数: 0

Orientation reconstruction of transformation α titanium alloys via polarized light microscopy: Methodology and assessment

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114841

Amit Singh , Mark Obstalecki , Darren C. Pagan , Michael Glavicic , Matthew Kasemer

Emerging microstructural characterization methods have received increased attention owing to their promise of relatively inexpensive and rapid measurement of polycrystalline surface morphology and crystallographic orientations. Among these nascent methods, polarized light microscopy (PLM) is attractive for characterizing alloys comprised of hexagonal crystals, but is hindered by its inability to measure complete crystal orientations. In this study, we explore the potential to reconstruct quasi-deterministic orientations for titanium microstructures characterized via PLM by considering the Burgers orientation relationship between the room temperature α (HCP) phase fibers measured via PLM, and the β (BCC) phase orientations of the parent grains present above the transus temperature. We describe this method—which is capable of narrowing down the orientations to one of four possibilities—and demonstrate its abilities on idealized computational samples in which the parent β microstructure is fully, unambiguously known. We further utilize this method to inform the instantiation of samples for crystal plasticity simulations, and demonstrate the significant improvement in deformation field predictions when utilizing this reconstruction method compared to using results from traditional PLM.

{"title":"Orientation reconstruction of transformation α titanium alloys via polarized light microscopy: Methodology and assessment","authors":"Amit Singh , Mark Obstalecki , Darren C. Pagan , Michael Glavicic , Matthew Kasemer","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging microstructural characterization methods have received increased attention owing to their promise of relatively inexpensive and rapid measurement of polycrystalline surface morphology and crystallographic orientations. Among these nascent methods, polarized light microscopy (PLM) is attractive for characterizing alloys comprised of hexagonal crystals, but is hindered by its inability to measure complete crystal orientations. In this study, we explore the potential to reconstruct quasi-deterministic orientations for titanium microstructures characterized via PLM by considering the Burgers orientation relationship between the room temperature <em>α</em> (HCP) phase fibers measured via PLM, and the <em>β</em> (BCC) phase orientations of the parent grains present above the transus temperature. We describe this method—which is capable of narrowing down the orientations to one of four possibilities—and demonstrate its abilities on idealized computational samples in which the parent <em>β</em> microstructure is fully, unambiguously known. We further utilize this method to inform the instantiation of samples for crystal plasticity simulations, and demonstrate the significant improvement in deformation field predictions when utilizing this reconstruction method compared to using results from traditional PLM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114841"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiscale residual stress analysis and microstructure characterization of Ti-grade 2 implant fabricated by adaptive tool path-driven SPIF process 采用自适应刀具路径驱动的 SPIF 工艺制造的 Ti-grade 2 种植体的多尺度残余应力分析和微观结构表征

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114861

Arun Sharma , Parnika Shrivastava , Aniket Nagargoje , Amrut Mulay

Single Point Incremental Forming of titanium alloys for biomedical implants presents a unique challenge in balancing geometrical accuracy with the control of residual stresses. The proposed methodology introduces a novel curvature-driven adaptive toolpath for incremental forming, overcoming the limitations of conventional constant depth spiral and existing adaptive strategies. Unlike STL-based adaptive methods that rely on volumetric error correction by adding slices between consecutive layers, this approach optimizes the toolpath by removing redundant slices. By adjusting slice, the process assigns density values according to local curvature fluctuations thus creating more efficient forming while reducing forming time. Electron Backscatter Diffraction is utilized to measure the evolution of microstructure through an evaluation of misorientation distribution, deformation twinning and geometrically necessary dislocation density. X-ray diffraction technology and micro-scale residual stress measurement techniques are used to measure macro and micro residual stress fields in the produced implants. The present work correlates the tool path strategies with the observed residual stress distribution along with microstructural characteristics which uncovered the underlying deformation mechanism in implants formed by SPIF. Results highlight that adaptive tool path-driven SPIF process led to decreased amounts of residual stress while creating more uniform stress patterns within Ti-Grade 2 implants. The implant formed with adaptive tool path resulted in higher homogeneity in stress distribution with lower localized strain concentrations in comparison to those formed with conventional tool paths. In addition, microstructural characteristics denoted more uniform plastic deformation across the formed implant. The study demonstrates that the modifications in SPIF tool path bring superior results in product quality. Achieving desired residual stress states and microstructural characteristics becomes possible through SPIF which delivers improved dimensional accuracy and reliability of the formed Ti-Grade 2 implants.

{"title":"Multiscale residual stress analysis and microstructure characterization of Ti-grade 2 implant fabricated by adaptive tool path-driven SPIF process","authors":"Arun Sharma , Parnika Shrivastava , Aniket Nagargoje , Amrut Mulay","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single Point Incremental Forming of titanium alloys for biomedical implants presents a unique challenge in balancing geometrical accuracy with the control of residual stresses. The proposed methodology introduces a novel curvature-driven adaptive toolpath for incremental forming, overcoming the limitations of conventional constant depth spiral and existing adaptive strategies. Unlike STL-based adaptive methods that rely on volumetric error correction by adding slices between consecutive layers, this approach optimizes the toolpath by removing redundant slices. By adjusting slice, the process assigns density values according to local curvature fluctuations thus creating more efficient forming while reducing forming time. Electron Backscatter Diffraction is utilized to measure the evolution of microstructure through an evaluation of misorientation distribution, deformation twinning and geometrically necessary dislocation density. X-ray diffraction technology and micro-scale residual stress measurement techniques are used to measure macro and micro residual stress fields in the produced implants. The present work correlates the tool path strategies with the observed residual stress distribution along with microstructural characteristics which uncovered the underlying deformation mechanism in implants formed by SPIF. Results highlight that adaptive tool path-driven SPIF process led to decreased amounts of residual stress while creating more uniform stress patterns within Ti-Grade 2 implants. The implant formed with adaptive tool path resulted in higher homogeneity in stress distribution with lower localized strain concentrations in comparison to those formed with conventional tool paths. In addition, microstructural characteristics denoted more uniform plastic deformation across the formed implant. The study demonstrates that the modifications in SPIF tool path bring superior results in product quality. Achieving desired residual stress states and microstructural characteristics becomes possible through SPIF which delivers improved dimensional accuracy and reliability of the formed Ti-Grade 2 implants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114861"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strength-ductility-toughness balance in flash-tempered martensitic steel: Role of dislocation-precipitate interactions

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114847

Jianping Ouyang , Liejun Li , Xianqiang Xing , Zhuoran Li , Siming Huang , Lang Liu , Zhichao Luo , Zhengwu Peng

Flash tempering has emerged as a sustainable and energy-efficient method for optimizing the mechanical properties of martensitic steels. This work investigates the temperature-dependent substructural evolution and mechanical properties of a high‑carbon low-alloy martensitic steel subjected to flash tempering. Results show that dislocation density decreases sharply with increasing tempering temperature, stabilizing at a high level (∼10¹⁵ m⁻²). Meanwhile, carbides evolve from dense intragranular η-carbides at lower temperatures (439 °C) to a mixture of η and θ-carbides, and finally to predominantly θ-carbides at higher temperatures (524 °C). Optimal mechanical properties are achieved at 473 °C, with an ultimate tensile strength of 2077 MPa, total elongation of 15.1 %, and fracture toughness of 49.3 MPa·m^1/2. This balance is attributed to the synergistic effects of partially recovered dislocations, finely dispersed η-carbides, and intergranular θ-carbides, which collectively enhance ductility and toughness while sustaining ultra-high strength. These findings underscore the critical role of dislocation-precipitate interactions in tuning the microstructure and mechanical properties of flash-tempered martensitic steels.

{"title":"Strength-ductility-toughness balance in flash-tempered martensitic steel: Role of dislocation-precipitate interactions","authors":"Jianping Ouyang , Liejun Li , Xianqiang Xing , Zhuoran Li , Siming Huang , Lang Liu , Zhichao Luo , Zhengwu Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flash tempering has emerged as a sustainable and energy-efficient method for optimizing the mechanical properties of martensitic steels. This work investigates the temperature-dependent substructural evolution and mechanical properties of a high‑carbon low-alloy martensitic steel subjected to flash tempering. Results show that dislocation density decreases sharply with increasing tempering temperature, stabilizing at a high level (∼10<sup>15</sup> m<sup>−2</sup>). Meanwhile, carbides evolve from dense intragranular η-carbides at lower temperatures (439 °C) to a mixture of η and θ-carbides, and finally to predominantly θ-carbides at higher temperatures (524 °C). Optimal mechanical properties are achieved at 473 °C, with an ultimate tensile strength of 2077 MPa, total elongation of 15.1 %, and fracture toughness of 49.3 MPa·m<sup>1/2</sup>. This balance is attributed to the synergistic effects of partially recovered dislocations, finely dispersed η-carbides, and intergranular θ-carbides, which collectively enhance ductility and toughness while sustaining ultra-high strength. These findings underscore the critical role of dislocation-precipitate interactions in tuning the microstructure and mechanical properties of flash-tempered martensitic steels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114847"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Significant enhancement of the overall performance of SAC joints by adding Cu@Sn@Ag core shell particles and ultrasonically assisted soldering

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114858

Jinghui Fan , Minming Zou , Sifan Tan , Guangyu Zhu , Langfeng Zhu , Baowen Fu , Chao Qiang , Zhixiang Wu , Wenjing Chen , Xiaowu Hu , Tao Xu , Xiongxin Jiang

This paper investigates the effects of Cu@Sn@Ag (CSA) core shell particles and ultrasonic treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC305) solder joints. The results indicated the optimum content of CSA particles was 0.05 wt%, and the optimum ultrasonic treatment time for the composite solder with CSA particles was 5 s. The study found that the ultrasonic treatment resulted in the dispersion of the agglomerated CSA particles, a reduction in the number of pores in the solder and a significant improvement in the shear strength of the solder joints. But too much ultrasound time increased IMC thickness and decreased the shear strength of solder joints. Both CSA particles and ultrasonication caused the solder joint to change from a brittle-tough hybrid fracture mode to a ductile fracture mode. A 30.58 % increase in shear strength was observed in solder joints with CSA particles added and ultrasound treated, compared to the original joints. Furthermore, the EBSD results showed that solder containing CSA particles had more nucleation sites, resulting in a finer grain size of the composite solder. The ageing experiment showed that after 360 h of ageing, the grain size of the solder joints containing CSA particles was 15.34 % smaller than the original joints.

{"title":"Significant enhancement of the overall performance of SAC joints by adding Cu@Sn@Ag core shell particles and ultrasonically assisted soldering","authors":"Jinghui Fan , Minming Zou , Sifan Tan , Guangyu Zhu , Langfeng Zhu , Baowen Fu , Chao Qiang , Zhixiang Wu , Wenjing Chen , Xiaowu Hu , Tao Xu , Xiongxin Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114858","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the effects of Cu@Sn@Ag (CSA) core shell particles and ultrasonic treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC305) solder joints. The results indicated the optimum content of CSA particles was 0.05 wt%, and the optimum ultrasonic treatment time for the composite solder with CSA particles was 5 s. The study found that the ultrasonic treatment resulted in the dispersion of the agglomerated CSA particles, a reduction in the number of pores in the solder and a significant improvement in the shear strength of the solder joints. But too much ultrasound time increased IMC thickness and decreased the shear strength of solder joints. Both CSA particles and ultrasonication caused the solder joint to change from a brittle-tough hybrid fracture mode to a ductile fracture mode. A 30.58 % increase in shear strength was observed in solder joints with CSA particles added and ultrasound treated, compared to the original joints. Furthermore, the EBSD results showed that solder containing CSA particles had more nucleation sites, resulting in a finer grain size of the composite solder. The ageing experiment showed that after 360 h of ageing, the grain size of the solder joints containing CSA particles was 15.34 % smaller than the original joints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114858"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of chemical composition variations in refractory Hf-Nb-Ta-Ti-Zr-Mo-V-Si complex concentrated alloys on the structure, mechanical properties, and oxidation behaviour

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114856

N. Yurchenko , V. Mirontsov , E. Mishunina , N. Stepanov

In this study, the structure, mechanical properties, and oxidation behaviour of the arc-melted (HfNbTaTiZr)₈₄Si₁₆, (HfMoNbTaTiZr)₈₄Si₁₆, and (HfMoNbTaTiVZr)₈₄Si₁₆ refractory complex concentrated alloys (RCCAs) were investigated. All the three alloys exhibited composite-like microstructures. The (HfNbTaTiZr)₈₄Si₁₆ alloy had a dual-phase structure consisting of the bcc and hexagonal Me₅Si₃ phases. Alloying with Mo or Mo and V resulted in the formation of an additional orthorhombic HfMoSi-type phase. The (HfNbTaTiZr)₈₄Si₁₆ alloy showed the lowest strength at 22–1200 °C, but the highest room-temperature plastic strain among the alloys studied. Additions of Mo or Mo and V were found to improve strength and reduce plasticity. At 1400 °C, all the alloys softened rapidly and became highly deformable. The (HfNbTaTiZr)₈₄Si₁₆ alloy exhibited the fracture toughness of ∼15 MPa m^1/2, which was twice higher than those of the (HfMoNbTaTiZr)₈₄Si₁₆ and (HfMoNbTaTiVZr)₈₄Si₁₆ alloys. The (HfNbTaTiZr)₈₄Si₁₆ alloy demonstrated the near-parabolic oxidation kinetics, the lowest mass gain (∼66 mg cm⁻²) after 48 h, and the longest time (24 h) to edge swelling during the oxidation tests at 1200 °C. Alloying with Mo or Mo and V aggravated the oxidation resistance, decreasing the time to edge swelling or complete disintegration to 6 h. With the values of ∼15 MPa m^1/2 and ∼66 mg cm⁻², the (HfNbTaTiZr)₈₄Si₁₆ alloy was among the toughest and most oxidation-resistant RCCAs and Nb-based silicides to date. The relationships between the chemical composition, structure, mechanical properties, and oxidation behaviour of the alloys studied were thoroughly analysed and discussed.

{"title":"Effect of chemical composition variations in refractory Hf-Nb-Ta-Ti-Zr-Mo-V-Si complex concentrated alloys on the structure, mechanical properties, and oxidation behaviour","authors":"N. Yurchenko , V. Mirontsov , E. Mishunina , N. Stepanov","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114856","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114856","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the structure, mechanical properties, and oxidation behaviour of the arc-melted (HfNbTaTiZr)<sub>84</sub>Si<sub>16</sub>, (HfMoNbTaTiZr)<sub>84</sub>Si<sub>16</sub>, and (HfMoNbTaTiVZr)<sub>84</sub>Si<sub>16</sub> refractory complex concentrated alloys (RCCAs) were investigated. All the three alloys exhibited composite-like microstructures. The (HfNbTaTiZr)<sub>84</sub>Si<sub>16</sub> alloy had a dual-phase structure consisting of the bcc and hexagonal Me<sub>5</sub>Si<sub>3</sub> phases. Alloying with Mo or Mo and V resulted in the formation of an additional orthorhombic HfMoSi-type phase. The (HfNbTaTiZr)<sub>84</sub>Si<sub>16</sub> alloy showed the lowest strength at 22–1200 °C, but the highest room-temperature plastic strain among the alloys studied. Additions of Mo or Mo and V were found to improve strength and reduce plasticity. At 1400 °C, all the alloys softened rapidly and became highly deformable. The (HfNbTaTiZr)<sub>84</sub>Si<sub>16</sub> alloy exhibited the fracture toughness of ∼15 MPa m<sup>1/2</sup>, which was twice higher than those of the (HfMoNbTaTiZr)<sub>84</sub>Si<sub>16</sub> and (HfMoNbTaTiVZr)<sub>84</sub>Si<sub>16</sub> alloys. The (HfNbTaTiZr)<sub>84</sub>Si<sub>16</sub> alloy demonstrated the near-parabolic oxidation kinetics, the lowest mass gain (∼66 mg cm<sup>−2</sup>) after 48 h, and the longest time (24 h) to edge swelling during the oxidation tests at 1200 °C. Alloying with Mo or Mo and V aggravated the oxidation resistance, decreasing the time to edge swelling or complete disintegration to 6 h. With the values of ∼15 MPa m<sup>1/2</sup> and ∼66 mg cm<sup>−2</sup>, the (HfNbTaTiZr)<sub>84</sub>Si<sub>16</sub> alloy was among the toughest and most oxidation-resistant RCCAs and Nb-based silicides to date. The relationships between the chemical composition, structure, mechanical properties, and oxidation behaviour of the alloys studied were thoroughly analysed and discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114856"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Al matrix composite reinforced with carbon nanotubes, Al3BC, and γ-Al2O3: Investigation of mechanical, thermal, and wear resistance properties

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114854

Jingyi Hu, Tong Gao, Guiliang Liu, Jingbin Liu, Wenhua Xu, Xiangfa Liu

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), with their exceptional theoretical modulus of elasticity, are among the most promising materials for reinforcing aluminum matrix composites. However, weak mechanical bonds formed between CNTs and the matrix, along with the formation of the brittle Al₄C₃ phase at the interface, often result in a deterioration of the composite's mechanical properties. In this study, a (CNTs+Al₃BC + Al₂O₃)/Al-Zn-Cu composite was fabricated through ball milling, sintering, hot extrusion, and solution treatment. The resulting composite exhibits Young's modulus of 98.1 GPa and ultimate tensile strength of 536 MPa, along with improved thermal properties and wear resistance. The primary strengthening mechanism includes the reinforcement provided by in-situ γ-Al₂O₃ and the CNTs encased by high-modulus in-situ generated Al₃BC particles. This research offers novel insights for the design of high-modulus, high-strength synergistic Al-CNTs composites.

引用次数: 0

The novel high-entropy alloy filler realized the efficient inhibition of the violent reaction and brittle phase formation in the SiCf/SiC heterogeneous brazed joint

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114849

Yu Zhang , Wei Guo , Han Mei , Xiang Kong , Ying Zhu , Xiaoguang Li , Wei Zhao , Hongqiang Zhang

Based on the significant needs of the high thrust-to-weight ratio aero engines, the new SiC_f/SiC composites and superalloy brazed joints in the hot-end components was proposed, aiming to the controllability and considerable residual stress of SiC_f/SiC heterogeneous joints. The self-developed high-entropy alloy (HEA) AlTiCoCrCu filler was used to realize the homogeneous brazing of SiC_f/SiC, and then upgraded to AlTiCoCrCuRe filler to discover the high-performance of SiC_f/SiC heterogeneous joints. The microstructure regulation of heterogeneous brazed joints was studied, and the brittle phases decreased sharply without defects after upgrading HEA filler. Adding a small amount of Re effectively inhibited the violent diffusion of asymmetric interfacial elements and significantly reduced Ni₂Si brittle phases, the source of harm to tissue properties. The microstructure and phase composition of the brazed joint were clarified, and the strengthening mechanism of the upgraded components of HEA filler on the microstructure and the regulation mechanism of solidification at the heterogeneous interface were revealed. The joint shear strength was significantly better than that of traditional commercial filler, and the filler upgrade improved the “structure-performance” synergy. The research results provided a unique high-temperature HEA filler and theoretical basis for the shape-performance control of SiC_f/SiC composites brazing of aero engines.

{"title":"The novel high-entropy alloy filler realized the efficient inhibition of the violent reaction and brittle phase formation in the SiCf/SiC heterogeneous brazed joint","authors":"Yu Zhang , Wei Guo , Han Mei , Xiang Kong , Ying Zhu , Xiaoguang Li , Wei Zhao , Hongqiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on the significant needs of the high thrust-to-weight ratio aero engines, the new SiC<sub>f</sub>/SiC composites and superalloy brazed joints in the hot-end components was proposed, aiming to the controllability and considerable residual stress of SiC<sub>f</sub>/SiC heterogeneous joints. The self-developed high-entropy alloy (HEA) AlTiCoCrCu filler was used to realize the homogeneous brazing of SiC<sub>f</sub>/SiC, and then upgraded to AlTiCoCrCuRe filler to discover the high-performance of SiC<sub>f</sub>/SiC heterogeneous joints. The microstructure regulation of heterogeneous brazed joints was studied, and the brittle phases decreased sharply without defects after upgrading HEA filler. Adding a small amount of Re effectively inhibited the violent diffusion of asymmetric interfacial elements and significantly reduced Ni<sub>2</sub>Si brittle phases, the source of harm to tissue properties. The microstructure and phase composition of the brazed joint were clarified, and the strengthening mechanism of the upgraded components of HEA filler on the microstructure and the regulation mechanism of solidification at the heterogeneous interface were revealed. The joint shear strength was significantly better than that of traditional commercial filler, and the filler upgrade improved the “structure-performance” synergy. The research results provided a unique high-temperature HEA filler and theoretical basis for the shape-performance control of SiC<sub>f</sub>/SiC composites brazing of aero engines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114849"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143436796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preparation, properties, and application exploration of electrolytic Cu-CNTs composite foils

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114855

Yu Wang , Zixuan Tan , Yujie Li , Linzhi He , Yong Zhang , Xiaowu Hu , Jie Chen , Meirong Yi , Guangbin Yi

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced Cu matrix composites are a hotspot of current research, but the majority of them are bulk samples by sintered or die-cast formed. There are few works on preparing large-size and ultrathin Cu-CNTs composite foils (CCFs) by electrodeposition with the process and environment imitating industrial production of electrolytic Cu foils, and investigating the properties and application potential of CCFs. Herein, large-sized and ultrathin CCFs were prepared via electrodeposition with a high current density (0.5 A/cm²), a short deposition time (120 s), and a large volume of circulating electrolyte (70 L). The microstructure, mechanical properties, surface roughness, and resistivity of the CCFs were investigated. The foils with CNTs of 50 mg/L exhibited the best overall performance, with a tensile strength of 550 MPa (25 °C) and elongations of 4.9 % (25 °C) and 13.2 % (180 °C), representing improvements of 66.7 %, 88.5 %, and 135.7 % respectively, compared with that of the pure Cu foil. Load transfer and the Orowan mechanism together strengthened the CCFs. The elongation of CCFs demonstrated stability in response to the content of CNTs both at room and at elevated temperatures, which may be attributed to the “pulled out” effect of CNTs. The potential applications of CCFs in printed circuit boards and lithium-ion batteries were explored, the use of CNTs may lead to adverse effects such as surface discoloration, pinholes, and compromised soldering reliability. The CCFs with a low dosage of CNTs showed promising overall performance, indicating a viable pathway for future research.

碳纳米管（CNTs）增强铜基复合材料是当前的研究热点，但大多数都是烧结或压铸成型的块状样品。通过电沉积制备大尺寸和超薄铜-碳纳米管复合箔（CCFs）并研究其性能和应用潜力的研究较少。本文采用高电流密度（0.5 A/cm2）、短沉积时间（120 s）和大容量循环电解液（70 L）电沉积法制备了大尺寸超薄 CCF。研究了 CCF 的微观结构、机械性能、表面粗糙度和电阻率。与纯铜箔相比，含有 50 mg/L CNT 的铜箔表现出最佳的综合性能，抗拉强度达到 550 MPa（25 °C），伸长率为 4.9 %（25 °C）和 13.2 %（180 °C），分别提高了 66.7 %、88.5 % 和 135.7 %。载荷传递和奥罗恩机制共同增强了 CCF。在室温和高温条件下，CCF 的伸长率随碳纳米管含量的变化而稳定，这可能归因于碳纳米管的 "拉出 "效应。研究还探讨了 CCFs 在印刷电路板和锂离子电池中的潜在应用，CNTs 的使用可能会导致表面褪色、针孔和焊接可靠性受损等不良影响。低剂量 CNT 的 CCF 显示出良好的整体性能，为未来的研究指明了一条可行的道路。

{"title":"Preparation, properties, and application exploration of electrolytic Cu-CNTs composite foils","authors":"Yu Wang , Zixuan Tan , Yujie Li , Linzhi He , Yong Zhang , Xiaowu Hu , Jie Chen , Meirong Yi , Guangbin Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114855","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114855","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced Cu matrix composites are a hotspot of current research, but the majority of them are bulk samples by sintered or die-cast formed. There are few works on preparing large-size and ultrathin Cu-CNTs composite foils (CCFs) by electrodeposition with the process and environment imitating industrial production of electrolytic Cu foils, and investigating the properties and application potential of CCFs. Herein, large-sized and ultrathin CCFs were prepared via electrodeposition with a high current density (0.5 A/cm<sup>2</sup>), a short deposition time (120 s), and a large volume of circulating electrolyte (70 L). The microstructure, mechanical properties, surface roughness, and resistivity of the CCFs were investigated. The foils with CNTs of 50 mg/L exhibited the best overall performance, with a tensile strength of 550 MPa (25 °C) and elongations of 4.9 % (25 °C) and 13.2 % (180 °C), representing improvements of 66.7 %, 88.5 %, and 135.7 % respectively, compared with that of the pure Cu foil. Load transfer and the Orowan mechanism together strengthened the CCFs. The elongation of CCFs demonstrated stability in response to the content of CNTs both at room and at elevated temperatures, which may be attributed to the “pulled out” effect of CNTs. The potential applications of CCFs in printed circuit boards and lithium-ion batteries were explored, the use of CNTs may lead to adverse effects such as surface discoloration, pinholes, and compromised soldering reliability. The CCFs with a low dosage of CNTs showed promising overall performance, indicating a viable pathway for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114855"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

首页上一页

下一页尾页

类型

全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

数据库

全部 ACS Publications Elsevier ieeexplore Springer The Royal Society of Chemistry Wiley

期刊

Materials Characterization

全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.

﹀