Materials Characterization最新文献

Corrigendum to “Correlation between microstructure evolution and intergranular corrosion of an Al-Cu-Li alloy under different cryogenic deformation amounts” [Materials Characterization, Volume 231 (2026), 115948]. “不同低温变形量下Al-Cu-Li合金微观组织演变与晶间腐蚀的相关性”[材料表征，vol . 231(2026), 115948]。

IF 5.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116002

Wenbo Zhu, Houjin Liu, Cailiu Yin, Xinjiang Zhang, Jieli Meng, Chunqiang Yi

引用次数: 0

Optimizing coating performance: Cold spray deposition of Al6061 powders on HPDC AZ91 alloy 优化涂层性能：在HPDC AZ91合金上冷喷涂沉积Al6061粉末

IF 5.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115950

Rajib Kalsar, Sridhar Niverty, Mayur Pole, James V. Haag, Tanvi Ajantiwalay, Vineet V. Joshi

Cold spray deposition of commercial aluminum alloy 6061 presents significant challenges in achieving high density, uniform microstructure, and deposition efficiency. Previous studies often relied on bond coating and shot-peening particles to achieve high density coatings. In this study, 6061 alloy coatings were successfully deposited onto high-pressure die-cast AZ91 alloy substrates using a high-pressure cold spray system. The effects of carrier gas temperature (300–500 °C) and pressure (2.0–6.5 MPa) on the coating microstructure, porosity, adhesion strength, wear, and corrosion behavior were systematically investigated. Results reveal that increasing particle kinetic energy – achieved via elevated gas temperatures and pressures – significantly improved deposition quality. Specifically, porosity decreased from 4.5 % to below 1 % with increasing gas pressure at 500 °C. Coating deposited at temperatures above 400 °C and 6.5 MPa exhibited excellent interfacial adhesion, with bond strengths exceeding 30 MPa. Notably, the optimized coating demonstrated significantly enhanced corrosion resistance. Additionally, wear performance improved by ∼62 % relative to the HPDC AZ91 substrate. These findings underscore the potential of optimized Al6061 cold sprayed coatings to significantly enhance the surface performance of Mg alloys in demanding automotive and aerospace applications.

商用铝合金6061的冷喷涂沉积在实现高密度、均匀组织和沉积效率方面面临着重大挑战。以往的研究往往依靠粘结涂层和喷丸颗粒来实现高密度涂层。在本研究中，使用高压冷喷涂系统成功地将6061合金涂层沉积在高压压铸AZ91合金基板上。系统研究了载气温度（300 ~ 500℃）和载气压力（2.0 ~ 6.5 MPa）对涂层微观组织、孔隙率、附着强度、磨损和腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明，通过提高气体温度和压力来增加颗粒动能，可以显著改善沉积质量。具体来说，在500℃时，随着气体压力的增加，孔隙度从4.5%下降到1%以下。在高于400℃和6.5 MPa的温度下沉积的涂层具有良好的界面附着力，结合强度超过30 MPa。值得注意的是，优化后的涂层的耐腐蚀性显著增强。此外，与HPDC AZ91基体相比，耐磨性能提高了~ 62%。这些发现强调了优化Al6061冷喷涂涂层的潜力，可以显着提高镁合金在苛刻的汽车和航空航天应用中的表面性能。

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引用次数: 0

Discontinuous precipitation and associated strengthening effect in a Cu-25Ni-25Mn alloy Cu-25Ni-25Mn合金的不连续析出及其强化效应

IF 5.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116091

Changyuan Wang , Haiping Zhong , Daogao Wu , Chenyang Zhou , Weibin Xie , Huiming Chen , Qiangsong Wang , Hang Wang

This study investigates the aging precipitation behavior of a Cu-25Ni-25Mn alloy, focusing on the strengthening effect induced by discontinuous precipitation (DP). The results have indicated that DP occurs at grain boundary during aging at 300 and 350 °C, leading to the formation of fibrous NiMn phases that preferentially grow along the 〈111〉_Cu direction. The NiMn and Cu phases in the DP colonies are characterized by the following crystallographic orientation relationship: (100)_NiMn//(100)_Cu and [011]_NiMn//[011]_Cu. Precipitation of the NiMn phase effectively strengthens the alloy during aging, where the strength is linearly increased with an increasing volume fraction of DP colonies. The alloy strength and hardness reach maximum values when the alloy undergoes full DP. The DP strengthening effect can account for over 75% of the yield strength, representing the dominant strengthening mechanism. The alloy aged at 350 °C exhibits faster DP kinetics and finer fibrous NiMn phases when compared with aging at 300 °C. The finer NiMn phases result in a greater DP strengthening effect at 350 °C, where the peak yield strength (∼1195 MPa) is higher than that achieved at 300 °C.

本文研究了Cu-25Ni-25Mn合金的时效析出行为，重点研究了不连续析出（DP）引起的强化效应。结果表明，在300℃和350℃时效过程中，晶界处发生DP，形成纤维状NiMn相，并优先沿< 111 > Cu方向生长。DP集落中的NiMn和Cu相具有如下的晶体取向关系：（100）NiMn//(100)Cu和[011]NiMn//[011]Cu。在时效过程中，NiMn相的析出有效地增强了合金的强度，强度随DP菌落体积分数的增加而线性增加。当合金经过全DP时，合金的强度和硬度达到最大值。DP强化效应占屈服强度的75%以上，是主要的强化机制。与300℃时效相比，350℃时效合金表现出更快的DP动力学和更细的纤维状NiMn相。在350°C时，更细的NiMn相产生了更大的DP强化效果，其中峰值屈服强度（~ 1195 MPa）高于300°C时的强度。

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引用次数: 0

Interfacial reinforcement in AgCuTi-interlayered Cu/Nb composites: Mechanisms and heat treatment effects agcuti -层间Cu/Nb复合材料的界面增强：机理和热处理效果

IF 5.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116079

Jianpeng Li , Yang Ye , Xiaogan Li , Li Wang , Shuai Wu , Ziqin Yang , Haidong Li , Guangze Jiang , Hangxu Li , Zepeng Jiang , Tao Liu , Lu Li , Feng Qiu , Sansan Ao , Junhui Zhang , Zhijun Wang , Yuan He

Reliable integration of high-thermal-conductivity copper (Cu) layers onto inert niobium (Nb) substrates is hindered by their poor interfacial compatibility, primarily due to the limited chemical reactivity of Nb. To overcome this challenge, a novel fabrication approach was developed by introducing a cold-sprayed AgCuTi interlayer combined with electroplated Cu deposition, enabling the formation of Cu/Nb composites with improved mechanical integrity and thermal performance. The interfacial strengthening mechanisms of the AgCuTi alloy layer and its microstructural evolution under various heat treatment conditions were systematically studied. Post-annealing at 850 °C resulted in significantly enhanced bonding strength and thermal conductivity. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further revealed that Ti enhances chemical bonding at the Cu/Nb interface through charge redistribution and Ag-Ti/Nb-Ti orbital hybridization. Results reveal Ti-containing interlayers' capability to establish durable interfaces in Cu/Nb systems, offering practical guidance for joining inert metals in advanced thermal and structural applications.

高导热铜（Cu）层在惰性铌（Nb）衬底上的可靠集成受到其界面相容性差的阻碍，主要是由于铌的化学反应性有限。为了克服这一挑战，研究人员开发了一种新的制造方法，通过引入冷喷涂AgCuTi中间层结合电镀Cu沉积，使Cu/Nb复合材料的形成具有更好的机械完整性和热性能。系统研究了不同热处理条件下AgCuTi合金层的界面强化机制及其显微组织演变。850℃退火后，结合强度和导热系数显著提高。密度泛函理论（DFT）进一步揭示了Ti通过电荷重分配和Ag-Ti/Nb-Ti轨道杂化增强Cu/Nb界面化学键。结果表明含ti中间层能够在Cu/Nb体系中建立持久的界面，为在先进的热学和结构应用中连接惰性金属提供了实际指导。

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引用次数: 0

Distinctive ductility anisotropy induced by keyhole pores in Y2O3-reinforced high-temperature titanium alloy fabricated by additive manufacturing 增材制造y2o3增强高温钛合金锁眼气孔诱导的不同延性各向异性

IF 5.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116070

Shun Liu , Ruiqi Guo , Menglu Wang , Hongzhi Niu , Wuxin Yang

This study systematically investigated the coupling effects of keyhole type pores (k-pores) and columnar structures on tensile anisotropy of electron beam powder bed fusion (EB-PBF) Y₂O₃-reinforced high-temperature titanium alloy. K-pores present adverse effects on ductility in transverse direction, while vertical ductility is the highest. Specifically, k-pores bring about a distinctive anisotropy: elongation is 9.1% and 2.7% in vertical and horizontal directions, with ultimate tensile strength (UTS) being 893 and 977 MPa, respectively. This tensile anisotropy is essentially attributed to the anisotropic stress fields around k-pores and the distinct non-uniformity of slipping deformation within individual columnar domains. This study provides deep insights into coupling effects of k-pores and columnar grain structures on mechanical anisotropy of EB-PBF high-temperature titanium alloys.

本研究系统地研究了锁孔型孔隙（k孔）和柱状结构对电子束粉末床熔合（EB-PBF） y2o3增强高温钛合金拉伸各向异性的耦合影响。k孔在横向上对延性有不利影响，而竖向延性最大。其中，k孔具有明显的各向异性：纵向伸长率为9.1%，横向伸长率为2.7%，极限抗拉强度（UTS）分别为893和977 MPa。这种拉伸各向异性主要归因于k孔周围的各向异性应力场和单个柱状域内滑动变形的明显不均匀性。本研究深入探讨了k孔和柱状晶粒结构对EB-PBF高温钛合金力学各向异性的耦合效应。

引用次数: 0

Grain boundary engineering-induced grain refinement and texture evolution in FeNiCoCrTi high-entropy alloys FeNiCoCrTi高熵合金晶界工程诱导的晶粒细化和织构演化

IF 5.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116082

Junhong Zhang , Lianning Li , Chunyu Zhao , Lei Zhang , Yongjiang Huang

This study systematically investigates the influence of trace Y additions on grain refinement mechanisms and texture evolution in the Fe₃₀Ni₃₀Co₂₅Cr₁₀Ti₅ high-entropy alloy. The results reveal a critical Y content at 0.3%. Below this threshold, Y-rich precipitates form within the alloy, exhibiting a semi-coherent interface with the matrix characterized by a lattice mismatch of 8.8%. These precipitates act as effective heterogeneous nucleation sites and simultaneously induce compositional undercooling, collectively promoting significant grain refinement and resulting in a weak, randomly oriented rotated cubic texture. Conversely, when the Y content exceeds the critical value (0.5%), excessive solute segregation causes substantial compositional undercooling, which facilitates the accelerated growth of a limited number of grains with preferred orientations. This leads to abnormal grain coarsening and the development of strong mixed Goss and Brass textures. By elucidating the combined effects of heterogeneous nucleation and compositional undercooling, this research highlights the pivotal role of Y addition in grain refinement within high-entropy alloys, providing a theoretical foundation for precise microstructural and performance optimization of these alloys through grain boundary engineering.

本研究系统地研究了微量Y添加对Fe30Ni30Co25Cr10Ti5高熵合金晶粒细化机制和织构演变的影响。结果显示，临界Y含量为0.3%。低于该阈值，合金内部形成富y析出相，与基体形成半共格界面，晶格失配率为8.8%。这些析出相作为有效的非均相形核位点，同时诱导组分过冷，共同促进显著的晶粒细化，形成弱的、随机取向的旋转立方织构。相反，当Y含量超过临界值（0.5%）时，过量的溶质偏析会导致组分过冷，从而促进有限数量的择优取向晶粒的加速生长。这导致晶粒异常粗化，形成强烈的高斯和黄铜混合织构。本研究通过阐明非均相形核和成分过冷的共同作用，强调了Y在高熵合金晶粒细化中的关键作用，为通过晶界工程对高熵合金进行精确的组织优化和性能优化提供了理论基础。

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引用次数: 0

Sequence-dependent HIP–HT effects on microstructure evolution and performance of laser powder bed fusion Ti64 alloy 激光粉末床熔合Ti64合金显微组织演变及性能影响

IF 5.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116074

Jie Su , Minglie Hu , Jiajun Shao , Zhiyao Liu , Shijun Meng , Jinglong Tang , Zhen Luo

Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) manufacturing of Ti64 alloy has long been confronted with the challenges of inferior ductility in formed components and the intractability of eliminating internal defects during the printing process. Current research predominantly addresses these issues through meticulous process parameter optimization, microstructure modulation via alloy composition adjustment, or the application of conventional heat treatment (HT). In this work, a novel combined hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and HT strategy was devised to simultaneously enhance strength and formability of LPBF-fabricated Ti64, and its overall effects were systematically evaluated. Three processing routes—as-received, HIP+HT, and HT + HIP—were compared. Both HIP+HT and HT + HIP treatments reduced internal porosity from 2.54% in the as-received state by approximately 8- and 51-fold, respectively, and decreased the surface roughness variation from 16.7% to 6.3% and 1.6%. Remarkably, ductility was enhanced under both schemes, with the HIP+HT condition achieving an elongation of 16.62%, far exceeding values reported for conventional additive manufacturing and powder-metallurgy Ti64. A quantitative decomposition of multiple strengthening mechanisms revealed how each post-processing sequence tailors phase distribution, grain size, and defect structure to optimize alloy performance. This work establishes a robust framework and theoretical basis for precise compositional control and high-performance manufacturing of Ti64 alloys.

激光粉末床熔炼（LPBF）制造Ti64合金一直面临着成形件延展性差和打印过程中难以消除内部缺陷的挑战。目前的研究主要是通过细致的工艺参数优化、通过调整合金成分来调节微观结构或应用常规热处理（HT）来解决这些问题。本文设计了一种新型的热等静压（HIP）和高温联合策略，以同时提高lpbf制备Ti64的强度和成形性，并对其总体效果进行了系统评估。比较了三种处理途径——接收、HIP+HT和HT + HIP。HIP+HT和HT + HIP处理分别将内部孔隙率从接收状态的2.54%降低了约8倍和51倍，将表面粗糙度变化从16.7%降低到6.3%和1.6%。值得注意的是，两种方案下的延展性都得到了提高，HIP+HT条件下的伸长率达到了16.62%，远远超过了传统增材制造和粉末冶金Ti64的数值。多种强化机制的定量分解揭示了每个后处理顺序如何调整相分布、晶粒尺寸和缺陷结构以优化合金性能。该工作为Ti64合金的精确成分控制和高性能制造奠定了坚实的框架和理论基础。

{"title":"Sequence-dependent HIP–HT effects on microstructure evolution and performance of laser powder bed fusion Ti64 alloy","authors":"Jie Su , Minglie Hu , Jiajun Shao , Zhiyao Liu , Shijun Meng , Jinglong Tang , Zhen Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) manufacturing of Ti64 alloy has long been confronted with the challenges of inferior ductility in formed components and the intractability of eliminating internal defects during the printing process. Current research predominantly addresses these issues through meticulous process parameter optimization, microstructure modulation via alloy composition adjustment, or the application of conventional heat treatment (HT). In this work, a novel combined hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and HT strategy was devised to simultaneously enhance strength and formability of LPBF-fabricated Ti64, and its overall effects were systematically evaluated. Three processing routes—as-received, HIP+HT, and HT + HIP—were compared. Both HIP+HT and HT + HIP treatments reduced internal porosity from 2.54% in the as-received state by approximately 8- and 51-fold, respectively, and decreased the surface roughness variation from 16.7% to 6.3% and 1.6%. Remarkably, ductility was enhanced under both schemes, with the HIP+HT condition achieving an elongation of 16.62%, far exceeding values reported for conventional additive manufacturing and powder-metallurgy Ti64. A quantitative decomposition of multiple strengthening mechanisms revealed how each post-processing sequence tailors phase distribution, grain size, and defect structure to optimize alloy performance. This work establishes a robust framework and theoretical basis for precise compositional control and high-performance manufacturing of Ti64 alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 116074"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanism and modeling of high-temperature spheroidization of Nb filaments in CuNb nanostructured composite wires CuNb纳米复合线材中铌丝高温球化机理及模拟

IF 5.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116078

Wen Zhang , Hongli Hou , Le Hu , Yifan Wu , Pengfei Wang , Jixing Liu , Shengnan Zhang , Qing Yang

Nanostructured metallic materials exhibit unique interface strengthening effects. However, their metastable structures are susceptible to thermal activation, which compromises high-temperature thermal stability and severely restricts service performance. In this study, copper–niobium nanostructured composite wires (CuNb NCWs) fabricated by jelly–roll and accumulative drawing and bonding process were employed as research subject, We specifically researched two samples, a filament size of 100 nm sample (true strain (η) = 14.0, annealed in one step) and a the filament size of 30 nm sample (η = 16.8, annealed in two steps), both at 700 °C for 3 h per step. Semi-in-situ quenching and in-situ heating in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were conducted on CuNb NCWs with filament sizes of 100 nm and 30 nm. The thermal stability of CuNb NCWs at elevated temperatures was examined. The recrystallization and spheroidization behaviors of Cu matrix and Nb filaments were characterized. The onset temperature for spheroidization was found to be 700 °C for filament size of 100 nm and 600 °C for filament size of 30 nm. The effects of heating temperature on their structural evolution were analyzed. Based on in-situ TEM heating, the kinetic mechanisms underlying the high-temperature structural evolution of CuNb NCWs were revealed, and the effects of microstructural parameters on spheroidization kinetics were systematically clarified. In–situ analysis reveals a two–stage evolution mechanism mediated by CuNb interface decoupling. This work clarifies that filament refinement paradoxically lowers thermal stability due to synergistic size, strain, and interface effects.

纳米结构金属材料具有独特的界面强化效应。然而，它们的亚稳结构容易受到热活化的影响，从而影响高温热稳定性，严重限制了使用性能。本研究以胶辊法和累积拉伸键合法制备的铜铌纳米复合丝（CuNb NCWs）为研究对象，具体研究了两种样品，一种是长丝尺寸为100 nm的样品（真应变(η) = 14.0，一步退火），另一种是长丝尺寸为30 nm的样品（η = 16.8，两步退火），均在700℃下每步加热3 h。对长丝尺寸分别为100 nm和30 nm的CuNb NCWs进行了半原位淬火和原位加热透射电镜观察。研究了CuNb NCWs在高温下的热稳定性。研究了Cu基体和Nb长丝的再结晶和球化行为。当长丝尺寸为100 nm时，球化开始温度为700℃；当长丝尺寸为30 nm时，球化开始温度为600℃。分析了加热温度对其结构演变的影响。基于原位TEM加热，揭示了CuNb NCWs高温结构演化的动力学机制，系统阐明了微观结构参数对球化动力学的影响。原位分析揭示了CuNb界面解耦介导的两阶段演化机制。这项工作澄清了由于协同尺寸、应变和界面效应，细丝细化矛盾地降低了热稳定性。

{"title":"Mechanism and modeling of high-temperature spheroidization of Nb filaments in CuNb nanostructured composite wires","authors":"Wen Zhang , Hongli Hou , Le Hu , Yifan Wu , Pengfei Wang , Jixing Liu , Shengnan Zhang , Qing Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanostructured metallic materials exhibit unique interface strengthening effects. However, their metastable structures are susceptible to thermal activation, which compromises high-temperature thermal stability and severely restricts service performance. In this study, copper–niobium nanostructured composite wires (Cu<img>Nb NCWs) fabricated by jelly–roll and accumulative drawing and bonding process were employed as research subject, We specifically researched two samples, a filament size of 100 nm sample (true strain (<em>η</em>) = 14.0, annealed in one step) and a the filament size of 30 nm sample (<em>η</em> = 16.8, annealed in two steps), both at 700 °C for 3 h per step. Semi-in-situ quenching and in-situ heating in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were conducted on Cu<img>Nb NCWs with filament sizes of 100 nm and 30 nm. The thermal stability of Cu<img>Nb NCWs at elevated temperatures was examined. The recrystallization and spheroidization behaviors of Cu matrix and Nb filaments were characterized. The onset temperature for spheroidization was found to be 700 °C for filament size of 100 nm and 600 °C for filament size of 30 nm. The effects of heating temperature on their structural evolution were analyzed. Based on in-situ TEM heating, the kinetic mechanisms underlying the high-temperature structural evolution of Cu<img>Nb NCWs were revealed, and the effects of microstructural parameters on spheroidization kinetics were systematically clarified. In–situ analysis reveals a two–stage evolution mechanism mediated by Cu<img>Nb interface decoupling. This work clarifies that filament refinement paradoxically lowers thermal stability due to synergistic size, strain, and interface effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 116078"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hot oxidation and corrosion resistance of nickel-based superalloy Inconel 617 fabricated by wire arc additive manufacturing for powerplant applications 火电厂用电弧增材制造镍基高温合金Inconel 617的耐热氧化和耐腐蚀性能

IF 5.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116075

A. Rajesh Kannan , V. Rajkumar , N. Siva Shanmugam , C. Durga Prasad , V. Rajkumar , Hafiz Muhammad Rehan Tariq , Tea-Sung Jun

This study evaluates the high-temperature oxidation and corrosion resistance of Inconel 617 (IN617) fabricated using the Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) process, with a focus on its performance under hot air and molten salt environments at 700 °C. The as-built microstructure exhibited columnar dendritic grains, with chromium- and molybdenum-rich interdendritic precipitates. Electron Backscatter Diffraction analysis revealed a strong ⟨001⟩ fiber texture with localized strain. WAAM-processed IN617 exhibited higher weight gain in molten salt (15.34 mg/cm²) compared to air (1.72 mg/cm²), attributed to salt-induced oxide growth at high temperatures. Oxidation in hot air formed a protective Cr₂O₃ and NiCr₂O₄ spinel phase. In contrast, exposure to a Na₂SO₄–60%V₂O₅ molten salt produced a porous, brittle oxide layer containing Ni₃V₂O₈, Cr-V-O compounds, and sulfates, which caused severe scale breakdown, as confirmed by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Parabolic rate constants indicated faster corrosion in molten salt (K_p = 5.16 × 10⁻¹⁰ g².cm⁻⁴.s⁻¹) than in air (K_p = 1.26 × 10⁻¹¹ g².cm⁻⁴.s⁻¹). WAAM IN617 exhibits good oxidation resistance in air but is severely degraded in environments containing sodium, vanadium, and sulfur, particularly at high temperatures.

本研究评估了采用电弧增材制造（WAAM）工艺制造的Inconel 617 （IN617）的高温抗氧化性和耐腐蚀性，重点研究了其在700°C热空气和熔盐环境下的性能。构建的显微组织为柱状枝晶，枝晶间有富铬和富钼的析出物。电子后向散射衍射分析显示⟨001⟩纤维结构具有局部应变。与空气（1.72 mg/cm2）相比，waam处理的IN617在熔盐中表现出更高的重量增加（15.34 mg/cm2），这归因于高温下盐诱导的氧化物生长。在热空气中氧化形成保护性的Cr2O3和NiCr2O4尖晶石相。相比之下，暴露于Na2SO4-60%V2O5熔盐中会产生一个含有Ni3V2O8、Cr-V-O化合物和硫酸盐的多孔脆性氧化层，x射线光电子能谱（XPS）证实了这一点，这导致了严重的水垢破裂。抛物线速率常数表明熔盐中的腐蚀速度更快（Kp = 5.16 × 10−10 g2.cm−4）。年代−1)比在空气中(Kp = 1.26×11 g2.cm 10−−4. s−1)。WAAM IN617在空气中表现出良好的抗氧化性，但在含有钠、钒和硫的环境中，特别是在高温下，会严重降解。

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引用次数: 0

The influence of heat treatment on precipitate formation in Scalmalloy®: In-situ X-ray diffraction investigation 热处理对Scalmalloy®中沉淀形成的影响：原位x射线衍射研究

IF 5.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2026-01-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116053

Fábio Faria Conde , André H.G. Gabriel , N. Schell , J.P. Oliveira , Julian A. Avila , Eduardo B. da Fonseca , Éder S.N. Lopes

Additive manufacturing offers a novel approach to producing lightweight components with complex geometries. Aluminum alloys, renowned for their low density and high mechanical properties, have emerged as prime candidates for this technology. Aluminum alloys, processed using laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB), have gained significant interest in aerospace, construction, and automotive applications due to their lightweight properties, corrosion resistance, and fine-grained microstructure. Given its recent attention, PBF-LB Scalmalloy® samples were subjected to in-situ coupled experiments with heat treatments in a high-energy X-ray diffraction (HEXRD) beamline to collect diffractograms in transmission mode. Subsequently, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to analyze the microstructure deeply and pursue the characterization of the formed precipitates. Results showed finely dispersed precipitates formed, which evolved slowly in lower heat-treatment temperatures, under 325 °C. In contrast, a higher temperature of 400 °C led to coarsening and hardness loss for long treatment periods.

增材制造为生产具有复杂几何形状的轻质部件提供了一种新颖的方法。铝合金以其低密度和高机械性能而闻名，已成为该技术的主要候选者。采用基于激光的粉末床熔合（PBF-LB）技术加工的铝合金，由于其轻质、耐腐蚀和细晶粒的微观结构，在航空航天、建筑和汽车应用中获得了极大的兴趣。鉴于其最近的关注，PBF-LB Scalmalloy®样品在高能x射线衍射（HEXRD）光束线上进行了热处理的原位耦合实验，以收集透射模式下的衍射图。随后，利用透射电子显微镜（TEM）对微观组织进行了深入分析，并对形成的析出物进行了表征。结果表明：在325℃以下，热处理温度较低，析出物较分散，析出物演化缓慢。相比之下，在400℃的高温下，长时间处理会导致粗化和硬度损失。

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引用次数: 0