Pub Date : 2025-01-17DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01141-y
Jaime Lorenzo N. Dinglasan, Hiroshi Otani, Drew T. Doering, Daniel Udwary, Nigel J. Mouncey
Microbial secondary metabolites not only have key roles in microbial processes and relationships but are also valued in various sectors of today’s economy, especially in human health and agriculture. The advent of genome sequencing has revealed a previously untapped reservoir of biosynthetic capacity for secondary metabolites indicating that there are new biochemistries, roles and applications of these molecules to be discovered. New predictive tools for biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) and their associated pathways have provided insights into this new diversity. Advanced molecular and synthetic biology tools and workflows including cell-based and cell-free expression facilitate the study of previously uncharacterized BGCs, accelerating the discovery of new metabolites and broadening our understanding of biosynthetic enzymology and the regulation of BGCs. These are complemented by new developments in metabolite detection and identification technologies, all of which are important for unlocking new chemistries that are encoded by BGCs. This renaissance of secondary metabolite research and development is catalysing toolbox development to power the bioeconomy.
{"title":"Microbial secondary metabolites: advancements to accelerate discovery towards application","authors":"Jaime Lorenzo N. Dinglasan, Hiroshi Otani, Drew T. Doering, Daniel Udwary, Nigel J. Mouncey","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01141-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-024-01141-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microbial secondary metabolites not only have key roles in microbial processes and relationships but are also valued in various sectors of today’s economy, especially in human health and agriculture. The advent of genome sequencing has revealed a previously untapped reservoir of biosynthetic capacity for secondary metabolites indicating that there are new biochemistries, roles and applications of these molecules to be discovered. New predictive tools for biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) and their associated pathways have provided insights into this new diversity. Advanced molecular and synthetic biology tools and workflows including cell-based and cell-free expression facilitate the study of previously uncharacterized BGCs, accelerating the discovery of new metabolites and broadening our understanding of biosynthetic enzymology and the regulation of BGCs. These are complemented by new developments in metabolite detection and identification technologies, all of which are important for unlocking new chemistries that are encoded by BGCs. This renaissance of secondary metabolite research and development is catalysing toolbox development to power the bioeconomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142987462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-17DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01144-9
B. V. Venkataram Prasad, Robert L. Atmar, Sasirekha Ramani, Timothy Palzkill, Yongcheng Song, Sue E. Crawford, Mary K. Estes
Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide in all age groups and cause significant disease and economic burden globally. To date, no approved vaccines or antiviral therapies are available to treat or prevent HuNoV illness. Several candidate vaccines are in clinical trials, although potential barriers to successful development must be overcome. Recently, significant advances have been made in understanding HuNoV biology owing to breakthroughs in virus cultivation using human intestinal tissue-derived organoid (or enteroid) cultures, advances in structural biology technology combined with epitope mapping and increased metagenomic sequencing. New and unexpected strain-specific differences in pandemic versus non-pandemic virus structures, replication properties and virus–host interactions, including host factors required for susceptibility to infection and pathogenesis, are discussed.
{"title":"Norovirus replication, host interactions and vaccine advances","authors":"B. V. Venkataram Prasad, Robert L. Atmar, Sasirekha Ramani, Timothy Palzkill, Yongcheng Song, Sue E. Crawford, Mary K. Estes","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01144-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-024-01144-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide in all age groups and cause significant disease and economic burden globally. To date, no approved vaccines or antiviral therapies are available to treat or prevent HuNoV illness. Several candidate vaccines are in clinical trials, although potential barriers to successful development must be overcome. Recently, significant advances have been made in understanding HuNoV biology owing to breakthroughs in virus cultivation using human intestinal tissue-derived organoid (or enteroid) cultures, advances in structural biology technology combined with epitope mapping and increased metagenomic sequencing. New and unexpected strain-specific differences in pandemic versus non-pandemic virus structures, replication properties and virus–host interactions, including host factors required for susceptibility to infection and pathogenesis, are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142987463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-02DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01136-9
Takahiro E. Ohara, Elaine Y. Hsiao
Research over the past two decades has established a remarkable ability of the gut microbiota to modulate brain activity and behaviour. Conversely, signals from the brain can influence the composition and function of the gut microbiota. This bidirectional communication across the gut microbiota–brain axis, involving multiple biochemical and cellular mediators, is recognized as a major brain–body network that integrates cues from the environment and the body’s internal state. Central to this network is the gut sensory system, formed by intimate connections between chemosensory epithelial cells and sensory nerve fibres, that conveys interoceptive signals to the central nervous system. In this Review, we provide a broad overview of the pathways that connect the gut and the brain, and explore the complex dialogue between microorganisms and neurons at this emerging intestinal neuroepithelial interface. We highlight relevant microbial factors, endocrine cells and neural mechanisms that govern gut microbiota–brain interactions and their implications for gastrointestinal and neuropsychiatric health.
{"title":"Microbiota–neuroepithelial signalling across the gut–brain axis","authors":"Takahiro E. Ohara, Elaine Y. Hsiao","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01136-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-024-01136-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Research over the past two decades has established a remarkable ability of the gut microbiota to modulate brain activity and behaviour. Conversely, signals from the brain can influence the composition and function of the gut microbiota. This bidirectional communication across the gut microbiota–brain axis, involving multiple biochemical and cellular mediators, is recognized as a major brain–body network that integrates cues from the environment and the body’s internal state. Central to this network is the gut sensory system, formed by intimate connections between chemosensory epithelial cells and sensory nerve fibres, that conveys interoceptive signals to the central nervous system. In this Review, we provide a broad overview of the pathways that connect the gut and the brain, and explore the complex dialogue between microorganisms and neurons at this emerging intestinal neuroepithelial interface. We highlight relevant microbial factors, endocrine cells and neural mechanisms that govern gut microbiota–brain interactions and their implications for gastrointestinal and neuropsychiatric health.</p>","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-23DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01143-w
Ashley York
In a recent study, Lin et al. uncovered that a single substitution in the bovine influenza H5N1 haemagglutinin protein switches the specificity to human receptors.
{"title":"Taking the jump to humans","authors":"Ashley York","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01143-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-024-01143-w","url":null,"abstract":"In a recent study, Lin et al. uncovered that a single substitution in the bovine influenza H5N1 haemagglutinin protein switches the specificity to human receptors.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-19DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01146-7
Ashley York
A recent study found that soil microbial communities show consistent and predictable responses to extreme climatic events.
{"title":"Responding to extreme climates","authors":"Ashley York","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01146-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-024-01146-7","url":null,"abstract":"A recent study found that soil microbial communities show consistent and predictable responses to extreme climatic events.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142849146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-16DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01142-x
Andrea Du Toit
A recent study shows that the commensal bacterium Lactiplantibacillus plantarum recognizes the foregut of the fruit fly as its physical niche via sugar-binding adhesins.
{"title":"Commensals find their niche","authors":"Andrea Du Toit","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01142-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-024-01142-x","url":null,"abstract":"A recent study shows that the commensal bacterium Lactiplantibacillus plantarum recognizes the foregut of the fruit fly as its physical niche via sugar-binding adhesins.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-16DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01145-8
Raphaela Joos, Katy Boucher, Aonghus Lavelle, Manimozhiyan Arumugam, Martin J. Blaser, Marcus J. Claesson, Gerard Clarke, Paul D. Cotter, Luisa De Sordi, Maria G. Dominguez-Bello, Bas E. Dutilh, Stanislav D. Ehrlich, Tarini Shankar Ghosh, Colin Hill, Christophe Junot, Leo Lahti, Trevor D. Lawley, Tine R. Licht, Emmanuelle Maguin, Thulani P. Makhalanyane, Julian R. Marchesi, Jelle Matthijnssens, Jeroen Raes, Jacques Ravel, Anne Salonen, Pauline D. Scanlan, Andrey Shkoporov, Catherine Stanton, Ines Thiele, Igor Tolstoy, Jens Walter, Bo Yang, Natalia Yutin, Alexandra Zhernakova, Hub Zwart, Joël Doré, R. Paul Ross
Correction to: Nature Reviews Microbiology https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-024-01107-0, published online 23 October 2024
{"title":"Author Correction: Examining the healthy human microbiome concept","authors":"Raphaela Joos, Katy Boucher, Aonghus Lavelle, Manimozhiyan Arumugam, Martin J. Blaser, Marcus J. Claesson, Gerard Clarke, Paul D. Cotter, Luisa De Sordi, Maria G. Dominguez-Bello, Bas E. Dutilh, Stanislav D. Ehrlich, Tarini Shankar Ghosh, Colin Hill, Christophe Junot, Leo Lahti, Trevor D. Lawley, Tine R. Licht, Emmanuelle Maguin, Thulani P. Makhalanyane, Julian R. Marchesi, Jelle Matthijnssens, Jeroen Raes, Jacques Ravel, Anne Salonen, Pauline D. Scanlan, Andrey Shkoporov, Catherine Stanton, Ines Thiele, Igor Tolstoy, Jens Walter, Bo Yang, Natalia Yutin, Alexandra Zhernakova, Hub Zwart, Joël Doré, R. Paul Ross","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01145-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-024-01145-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Correction to: <i>Nature Reviews Microbiology</i> https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-024-01107-0, published online 23 October 2024</p>","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01137-8
Lucy G. Thorne
In this journal club, Lucy Thorne discusses a paper that compares pandemic and non-pandemic HIV and shows that the ability of pandemic HIV to effectively evade the host’s innate immune response is a key factor in its pandemic potential.
{"title":"Linking innate immune evasion to pandemic potential","authors":"Lucy G. Thorne","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01137-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-024-01137-8","url":null,"abstract":"In this journal club, Lucy Thorne discusses a paper that compares pandemic and non-pandemic HIV and shows that the ability of pandemic HIV to effectively evade the host’s innate immune response is a key factor in its pandemic potential.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"233 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01140-z
Agustina Taglialegna
In this study, Castells-Nobau et al. show that bacteriophages present in the gut microbiome contribute to the regulation of food addiction.
{"title":"Gut phages fuel food addiction","authors":"Agustina Taglialegna","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01140-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-024-01140-z","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Castells-Nobau et al. show that bacteriophages present in the gut microbiome contribute to the regulation of food addiction.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-09DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01139-6
Andrea Du Toit
This study shows that the Campylobacter jejuni-derived genotoxin named cytolethal distending toxin promotes colorectal cancer metastasis.
{"title":"Campylobacter spreads colorectal cancer","authors":"Andrea Du Toit","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01139-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-024-01139-6","url":null,"abstract":"This study shows that the Campylobacter jejuni-derived genotoxin named cytolethal distending toxin promotes colorectal cancer metastasis.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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