Pub Date : 2024-02-16DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01024-2
Amelia E. Barber
In this Journal Club, Amelia Barber discusses a study revealing intraspecies heterogeneity in a fungal pathogen, prompting us to re-evaluate the notion of ‘reference’ strains.
{"title":"Breaking the mould: rethinking ‘wild type’ in fungal pathogens","authors":"Amelia E. Barber","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01024-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01024-2","url":null,"abstract":"In this Journal Club, Amelia Barber discusses a study revealing intraspecies heterogeneity in a fungal pathogen, prompting us to re-evaluate the notion of ‘reference’ strains.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"22 4","pages":"189-189"},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139747036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-14DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01022-4
Agustina Taglialegna
In this study, Achberger et al. report that microbial communities of inactive hydrothermal deposits contribute to primary productivity in the deep sea.
{"title":"Inactive vents, active producers","authors":"Agustina Taglialegna","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01022-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01022-4","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Achberger et al. report that microbial communities of inactive hydrothermal deposits contribute to primary productivity in the deep sea.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"22 4","pages":"187-187"},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139735654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-14DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01019-z
Matthew J. Blow
This month’s Genome Watch discusses the application of spatial transcriptomics to investigate the arrangements of microbial communities and their effects on the host.
本期 "基因组观察 "将讨论如何应用空间转录组学研究微生物群落的排列及其对宿主的影响。
{"title":"Mapping the microbiome milieu","authors":"Matthew J. Blow","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01019-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01019-z","url":null,"abstract":"This month’s Genome Watch discusses the application of spatial transcriptomics to investigate the arrangements of microbial communities and their effects on the host.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"22 4","pages":"190-190"},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139733614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-12DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01020-6
Andrea Du Toit
This study shows that the distinct cellular organization across the depth of a biofilm is tightly regulated and has consequences for cell physiology and antibiotic tolerance.
这项研究表明，生物膜深度不同的细胞组织受到严格调控，并对细胞生理和抗生素耐受性产生影响。
{"title":"Bacterial architects build the biofilm structures","authors":"Andrea Du Toit","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01020-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01020-6","url":null,"abstract":"This study shows that the distinct cellular organization across the depth of a biofilm is tightly regulated and has consequences for cell physiology and antibiotic tolerance.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"22 4","pages":"187-187"},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139723336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-12DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01021-5
Andrea Du Toit
The study provides insights into how insects and their endosymbionts can manipulate plant defences.
这项研究让人们深入了解了昆虫及其内生共生体如何操纵植物防御系统。
{"title":"A manipulating pair","authors":"Andrea Du Toit","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01021-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01021-5","url":null,"abstract":"The study provides insights into how insects and their endosymbionts can manipulate plant defences.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"22 4","pages":"188-188"},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139723335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01010-8
Marie Armani-Tourret, Benjamin Bone, Toong Seng Tan, Weiwei Sun, Maxime Bellefroid, Tine Struyve, Michael Louella, Xu G. Yu, Mathias Lichterfeld
Successful approaches for eradication or cure of HIV-1 infection are likely to include immunological mechanisms, but remarkably little is known about how human immune responses can recognize and interact with the few HIV-1-infected cells that harbour genome-intact viral DNA, persist long term despite antiretroviral therapy and represent the main barrier to a cure. For a long time regarded as being completely shielded from host immune responses due to viral latency, these cells do, on closer examination with single-cell analytic techniques, display discrete footprints of immune selection, implying that human immune responses may be able to effectively engage and target at least some of these cells. The failure to eliminate rebound-competent virally infected cells in the majority of persons likely reflects the evolution of a highly selected pool of reservoir cells that are effectively camouflaged from immune recognition or rely on sophisticated approaches for resisting immune-mediated killing. Understanding the fine-tuned interplay between host immune responses and viral reservoir cells will help to design improved interventions that exploit the immunological vulnerabilities of HIV-1 reservoir cells. Finding a cure for HIV-1 infection, once considered elusive, now represents a major priority for the global microbiology research community. In this article, Armani-Tourret, Lichterfeld and colleagues highlight recent advances in understanding immunological vulnerabilities of virally infected cells that persist lifelong and represent the major barrier to a cure.
{"title":"Immune targeting of HIV-1 reservoir cells: a path to elimination strategies and cure","authors":"Marie Armani-Tourret, Benjamin Bone, Toong Seng Tan, Weiwei Sun, Maxime Bellefroid, Tine Struyve, Michael Louella, Xu G. Yu, Mathias Lichterfeld","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01010-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01010-8","url":null,"abstract":"Successful approaches for eradication or cure of HIV-1 infection are likely to include immunological mechanisms, but remarkably little is known about how human immune responses can recognize and interact with the few HIV-1-infected cells that harbour genome-intact viral DNA, persist long term despite antiretroviral therapy and represent the main barrier to a cure. For a long time regarded as being completely shielded from host immune responses due to viral latency, these cells do, on closer examination with single-cell analytic techniques, display discrete footprints of immune selection, implying that human immune responses may be able to effectively engage and target at least some of these cells. The failure to eliminate rebound-competent virally infected cells in the majority of persons likely reflects the evolution of a highly selected pool of reservoir cells that are effectively camouflaged from immune recognition or rely on sophisticated approaches for resisting immune-mediated killing. Understanding the fine-tuned interplay between host immune responses and viral reservoir cells will help to design improved interventions that exploit the immunological vulnerabilities of HIV-1 reservoir cells. Finding a cure for HIV-1 infection, once considered elusive, now represents a major priority for the global microbiology research community. In this article, Armani-Tourret, Lichterfeld and colleagues highlight recent advances in understanding immunological vulnerabilities of virally infected cells that persist lifelong and represent the major barrier to a cure.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"22 6","pages":"328-344"},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139710696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-06DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01008-2
Philip J. Rosenthal, Victor Asua, Melissa D. Conrad
Malaria, mostly due to Plasmodium falciparum infection in Africa, remains one of the most important infectious diseases in the world. Standard treatment for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria is artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), which includes a rapid-acting artemisinin derivative plus a longer-acting partner drug, and standard therapy for severe P. falciparum malaria is intravenous artesunate. The efficacy of artemisinins and ACT has been threatened by the emergence of artemisinin partial resistance in Southeast Asia, mediated principally by mutations in the P. falciparum Kelch 13 (K13) protein. High ACT treatment failure rates have occurred when resistance to partner drugs is also seen. Recently, artemisinin partial resistance has emerged in Rwanda, Uganda and the Horn of Africa, with independent emergences of different K13 mutants in each region. In this Review, we summarize our current knowledge of artemisinin partial resistance and focus on the emergence of resistance in Africa, including its epidemiology, transmission dynamics and mechanisms. At present, the clinical impact of emerging resistance in Africa is unclear and most available evidence suggests that the efficacies of leading ACTs remain excellent, but there is an urgent need to better appreciate the extent of the problem and its consequences for the treatment and control of malaria. In this Review, Rosenthal, Asua and Conrad summarize our current knowledge of artemisinin partial resistance and focus on the emergence of resistance in Africa, including its epidemiology and transmission dynamics, and mechanisms of resistance.
{"title":"Emergence, transmission dynamics and mechanisms of artemisinin partial resistance in malaria parasites in Africa","authors":"Philip J. Rosenthal, Victor Asua, Melissa D. Conrad","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01008-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01008-2","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria, mostly due to Plasmodium falciparum infection in Africa, remains one of the most important infectious diseases in the world. Standard treatment for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria is artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), which includes a rapid-acting artemisinin derivative plus a longer-acting partner drug, and standard therapy for severe P. falciparum malaria is intravenous artesunate. The efficacy of artemisinins and ACT has been threatened by the emergence of artemisinin partial resistance in Southeast Asia, mediated principally by mutations in the P. falciparum Kelch 13 (K13) protein. High ACT treatment failure rates have occurred when resistance to partner drugs is also seen. Recently, artemisinin partial resistance has emerged in Rwanda, Uganda and the Horn of Africa, with independent emergences of different K13 mutants in each region. In this Review, we summarize our current knowledge of artemisinin partial resistance and focus on the emergence of resistance in Africa, including its epidemiology, transmission dynamics and mechanisms. At present, the clinical impact of emerging resistance in Africa is unclear and most available evidence suggests that the efficacies of leading ACTs remain excellent, but there is an urgent need to better appreciate the extent of the problem and its consequences for the treatment and control of malaria. In this Review, Rosenthal, Asua and Conrad summarize our current knowledge of artemisinin partial resistance and focus on the emergence of resistance in Africa, including its epidemiology and transmission dynamics, and mechanisms of resistance.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"22 6","pages":"373-384"},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139697919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-02DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01014-4
Elizabeth M. Darby, Eleftheria Trampari, Pauline Siasat, Maria Solsona Gaya, Ilyas Alav, Mark A. Webber, Jessica M. A. Blair
{"title":"Author Correction: Molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance revisited","authors":"Elizabeth M. Darby, Eleftheria Trampari, Pauline Siasat, Maria Solsona Gaya, Ilyas Alav, Mark A. Webber, Jessica M. A. Blair","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01014-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01014-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"22 4","pages":"255-255"},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41579-024-01014-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139672244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-26DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01016-2
Agustina Taglialegna
This study describes a signalling pathway involving the host receptor GPR35 and members of the gut microbiota, such as Parabacteroides distasonis, which regulates depressive-like behaviour.
{"title":"Feeling the blues with Parabacteroides","authors":"Agustina Taglialegna","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01016-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01016-2","url":null,"abstract":"This study describes a signalling pathway involving the host receptor GPR35 and members of the gut microbiota, such as Parabacteroides distasonis, which regulates depressive-like behaviour.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"22 3","pages":"120-120"},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139565622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-23DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01013-5
Andrea Du Toit
This study reports that antibodies that target the fusion peptide on the HIV envelope provide protection to rhesus macaques against mucosal simian-HIV challenge.
这项研究报告称，针对艾滋病病毒包膜上的融合肽的抗体可保护猕猴免受粘膜猿类艾滋病病毒的挑战。
{"title":"Targeting the HIV-1 Env fusion protein","authors":"Andrea Du Toit","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01013-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01013-5","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports that antibodies that target the fusion peptide on the HIV envelope provide protection to rhesus macaques against mucosal simian-HIV challenge.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"22 3","pages":"120-120"},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139542038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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