Renewable electricity-driven capture and conversion of oceanic dissolved inorganic carbon into value-added chemicals offers a sustainable route towards negative carbon emissions and a circular carbon economy. Here we present an artificial ocean carbon recycling system that captures and converts oceanic carbon sources into biochemicals through a decoupled electro-biocatalytic hybrid process. The system captures CO2 from natural seawater under very dilute yet realistic dissolved inorganic carbon conditions (2.16 mM) with high capture efficiency (>70%), low energy consumption (3 kWh kgCO2−1) and long stability (536 h). Techno-economic analysis revealed a competitive cost of capture (US$229.9 tCO2−1). Using a highly efficient and stable bismuth-based electrocatalyst, CO2 was further converted into pure formic acid (800 mA cm−2 at −1.37 V) and subsequently transformed by engineered Vibrio natriegens into succinic acid (1.37 g l−1). Therefore, our electro-bioconversion system represents a solution to sustainable biochemical synthesis using the ocean carbon sink as a resource. Tandem electro-biocatalytic systems present a versatile platform for producing a variety of synthetic products using CO2 as a starting material. Here direct ocean carbon capture is incorporated into an electrolysis scheme to produce formic acid from CO2 dissolved in seawater that is subsequently converted to succinate in a bioreactor.
可再生电力驱动的海洋溶解无机碳的捕获和转化为增值化学品，为实现负碳排放和循环碳经济提供了一条可持续的途径。在这里，我们提出了一个人工海洋碳回收系统，该系统通过解耦的电-生物催化混合过程捕获海洋碳源并将其转化为生物化学物质。该系统在非常稀释的自然海水中捕获二氧化碳，但实际的溶解无机碳条件（2.16 mM）具有高捕获效率（>70%），低能耗（3 kWh kgCO2−1）和长稳定性（536小时）。技术经济分析显示，捕集具有竞争力的成本（229.9吨二氧化碳−1美元）。利用高效稳定的铋基电催化剂，将CO2进一步转化为纯甲酸（800 mA cm - 2，电压为- 1.37 V），然后通过工程弧菌将其转化为琥珀酸（1.37 g l - 1）。因此，我们的电-生物转换系统代表了利用海洋碳汇作为资源的可持续生化合成的解决方案。串联电-生物催化系统提供了一个通用的平台，用于生产各种合成产品，使用二氧化碳作为起始材料。在这里，直接的海洋碳捕获被纳入电解方案，从溶解在海水中的二氧化碳中产生甲酸，随后在生物反应器中转化为琥珀酸盐。
{"title":"Efficient and scalable upcycling of oceanic carbon sources into bioplastic monomers","authors":"Chengbo Li, Mingming Guo, Bo Yang, Yuan Ji, Jing Zhang, Liujiang Zhou, Chunxiao Liu, Haoyuan Wang, Jiawei Li, Weiqing Xue, Xinyan Zhang, Hongliang Zeng, Yanjiang Wang, Donghao Zhao, Kexin Zhong, Shanshan Pi, Minzhe Hei, Xu Li, Qiu Jiang, Tingting Zheng, Xiang Gao, Chuan Xia","doi":"10.1038/s41929-025-01416-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41929-025-01416-4","url":null,"abstract":"Renewable electricity-driven capture and conversion of oceanic dissolved inorganic carbon into value-added chemicals offers a sustainable route towards negative carbon emissions and a circular carbon economy. Here we present an artificial ocean carbon recycling system that captures and converts oceanic carbon sources into biochemicals through a decoupled electro-biocatalytic hybrid process. The system captures CO2 from natural seawater under very dilute yet realistic dissolved inorganic carbon conditions (2.16 mM) with high capture efficiency (>70%), low energy consumption (3 kWh kgCO2−1) and long stability (536 h). Techno-economic analysis revealed a competitive cost of capture (US$229.9 tCO2−1). Using a highly efficient and stable bismuth-based electrocatalyst, CO2 was further converted into pure formic acid (800 mA cm−2 at −1.37 V) and subsequently transformed by engineered Vibrio natriegens into succinic acid (1.37 g l−1). Therefore, our electro-bioconversion system represents a solution to sustainable biochemical synthesis using the ocean carbon sink as a resource. Tandem electro-biocatalytic systems present a versatile platform for producing a variety of synthetic products using CO2 as a starting material. Here direct ocean carbon capture is incorporated into an electrolysis scheme to produce formic acid from CO2 dissolved in seawater that is subsequently converted to succinate in a bioreactor.","PeriodicalId":18845,"journal":{"name":"Nature Catalysis","volume":"8 10","pages":"1023-1037"},"PeriodicalIF":44.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145371984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-29DOI: 10.1038/s41929-025-01417-3
Chenggong Jiang, Bill Yan, Bryan R. Goldsmith, Suljo Linic
The metal–support interaction (MSI) critically influences the performance of supported nanocatalysts and their long-term stability, yet the factors governing MSIs are multifaceted and challenging to sort out. Here we combine first-principles neural network molecular dynamics (NN-MD) simulations with interpretable machine learning (iML) to shed light on the factors determining MSIs for Pt nanoparticles on diverse metal–oxide supports. Our approach reveals the atomic-scale dynamics of sintering mechanisms and identifies key features of oxide supports governing MSI. We find that the surface energy, surface oxygen bond order, surface dipole and work function of the support are dominant in Pt–oxide interactions. Leveraging these insights, we screened promising sinter-resistant supports for Pt nanoparticles from over 10,000 metal–oxide surfaces and validated some cases by Monte Carlo simulations and experiments. This work integrates iML with NN-MD to accelerate the understanding and discovery of stable supported nanocatalysts, and should be broadly applicable to numerous catalytic applications. The activity and stability of supported metal catalysts is in large part influenced by their interaction with the support. Now, neural network molecular dynamics simulations are combined with interpretable machine learning to reveal the governing factors of metal–support interactions for Pt nanoparticles on various oxide supports, identifying key features and proposing sinter-resistant supports.
{"title":"Predictive model for the discovery of sinter-resistant supports for metallic nanoparticle catalysts by interpretable machine learning","authors":"Chenggong Jiang, Bill Yan, Bryan R. Goldsmith, Suljo Linic","doi":"10.1038/s41929-025-01417-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41929-025-01417-3","url":null,"abstract":"The metal–support interaction (MSI) critically influences the performance of supported nanocatalysts and their long-term stability, yet the factors governing MSIs are multifaceted and challenging to sort out. Here we combine first-principles neural network molecular dynamics (NN-MD) simulations with interpretable machine learning (iML) to shed light on the factors determining MSIs for Pt nanoparticles on diverse metal–oxide supports. Our approach reveals the atomic-scale dynamics of sintering mechanisms and identifies key features of oxide supports governing MSI. We find that the surface energy, surface oxygen bond order, surface dipole and work function of the support are dominant in Pt–oxide interactions. Leveraging these insights, we screened promising sinter-resistant supports for Pt nanoparticles from over 10,000 metal–oxide surfaces and validated some cases by Monte Carlo simulations and experiments. This work integrates iML with NN-MD to accelerate the understanding and discovery of stable supported nanocatalysts, and should be broadly applicable to numerous catalytic applications. The activity and stability of supported metal catalysts is in large part influenced by their interaction with the support. Now, neural network molecular dynamics simulations are combined with interpretable machine learning to reveal the governing factors of metal–support interactions for Pt nanoparticles on various oxide supports, identifying key features and proposing sinter-resistant supports.","PeriodicalId":18845,"journal":{"name":"Nature Catalysis","volume":"8 10","pages":"1038-1050"},"PeriodicalIF":44.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145371955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-24DOI: 10.1038/s41929-025-01397-4
Valentin Briega-Martos, Rafael Guzman-Soriano, Jiahong Jiang, Yao Yang
Tafel slope analysis, first proposed by Julius Tafel in 1905 and supported by the Butler–Volmer equation, is widely used to elucidate electrocatalytic mechanisms and evaluate kinetics. However, some misuses still frequently occur in the literature, calling for rigorous mechanistic investigations at single-crystal electrodes and under well defined mass-transport conditions.
{"title":"The (mis)uses of Tafel slope","authors":"Valentin Briega-Martos, Rafael Guzman-Soriano, Jiahong Jiang, Yao Yang","doi":"10.1038/s41929-025-01397-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41929-025-01397-4","url":null,"abstract":"Tafel slope analysis, first proposed by Julius Tafel in 1905 and supported by the Butler–Volmer equation, is widely used to elucidate electrocatalytic mechanisms and evaluate kinetics. However, some misuses still frequently occur in the literature, calling for rigorous mechanistic investigations at single-crystal electrodes and under well defined mass-transport conditions.","PeriodicalId":18845,"journal":{"name":"Nature Catalysis","volume":"8 9","pages":"863-866"},"PeriodicalIF":44.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cleavage of hexopyranose to short-chain carbohydrates plays crucial roles in carbon metabolism and energy supply. Currently, the carbon–carbon bond scission of hexopyranose involves two types of reaction: the widely distributed retro-aldol reaction and the transketo-like reaction observed in Bifidobacteria. Here we report the discovery and characterization of metalloenzyme Art22, which is involved in the sugar moiety modification of aurantinin B (ART B), an antibacterial agent from Bacillus. Art22 adopts a TIM-barrel fold, enabling the activation of 4-keto ART B into potent antibiotic ART B via rapid isomerization. In addition, it protects the ART-producing Bacillus by detoxifying cellular ART B to ART B1–B3 via slow oxidative cleavage of the 3-keto hexopyranose to short-chain carbohydrates and CO2. Guided by structural, mutagenic and computational studies, we reveal an anhydride-mediated mechanism for Art22-catalysed oxygenation reactions, which expands the catalytic repertoire of TIM-barrel enzymes and adds an oxidative path for hexopyranose cleavage. Hexopyranose cleavage is a crucial step in carbon metabolism. Here the authors report the discovery and characterization of metalloenzyme Art22, which is involved in the sugar moiety modification of aurantinin B, an antibacterial agent from Bacillus.
六吡喃糖裂解成短链碳水化合物在碳代谢和能量供应中起着至关重要的作用。目前己吡喃糖的碳-碳键断裂涉及两种反应：广泛分布的反醛醇反应和双歧杆菌中观察到的类转酮反应。本文报道了一种新的金属酶Art22的发现和鉴定，该酶参与了来自芽孢杆菌的一种抗菌剂金菌素B （aurantinin B, ART B）的糖段修饰。Art22采用TIM-barrel折叠，通过快速异构化使4-酮类ART B活化为强效抗生素ART B。此外，它通过将3-酮己糖缓慢氧化裂解为短链碳水化合物和二氧化碳，将细胞中的ART B解毒为ART B1-B3，从而保护产生ART的芽胞杆菌。在结构、诱变和计算研究的指导下，我们揭示了一种酸酐介导的art22催化氧化反应机制，这扩大了tim桶酶的催化范围，并增加了六吡喃糖裂解的氧化途径。六吡喃糖的裂解是碳代谢的关键步骤。本文报道了一种新的金属酶Art22的发现和鉴定，该酶参与了金霉素B的糖段修饰。
{"title":"Oxidative cleavage of hexopyranose by a TIM-barrel isomerase","authors":"Pengwei Li, Dacheng Wang, Lu Guo, Yanru Chen, Huijin Mao, Zelian Zhao, Min Wang, Meng Chen, Zhengren Xu, Binju Wang, Defeng Li, Yihua Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41929-025-01412-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41929-025-01412-8","url":null,"abstract":"Cleavage of hexopyranose to short-chain carbohydrates plays crucial roles in carbon metabolism and energy supply. Currently, the carbon–carbon bond scission of hexopyranose involves two types of reaction: the widely distributed retro-aldol reaction and the transketo-like reaction observed in Bifidobacteria. Here we report the discovery and characterization of metalloenzyme Art22, which is involved in the sugar moiety modification of aurantinin B (ART B), an antibacterial agent from Bacillus. Art22 adopts a TIM-barrel fold, enabling the activation of 4-keto ART B into potent antibiotic ART B via rapid isomerization. In addition, it protects the ART-producing Bacillus by detoxifying cellular ART B to ART B1–B3 via slow oxidative cleavage of the 3-keto hexopyranose to short-chain carbohydrates and CO2. Guided by structural, mutagenic and computational studies, we reveal an anhydride-mediated mechanism for Art22-catalysed oxygenation reactions, which expands the catalytic repertoire of TIM-barrel enzymes and adds an oxidative path for hexopyranose cleavage. Hexopyranose cleavage is a crucial step in carbon metabolism. Here the authors report the discovery and characterization of metalloenzyme Art22, which is involved in the sugar moiety modification of aurantinin B, an antibacterial agent from Bacillus.","PeriodicalId":18845,"journal":{"name":"Nature Catalysis","volume":"8 10","pages":"1010-1022"},"PeriodicalIF":44.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145371978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-24DOI: 10.1038/s41929-025-01415-5
Rudi Fasan
The 2025 RepArtZymes conference featured the latest developments in the design and development of artificial and repurposed enzymes for synthetic and biotechnological applications. These contributions illustrate the impact of this rapidly expanding research area towards addressing key challenges in organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry, polymer chemistry, energy conversion, and environmental remediation.
{"title":"Pushing the boundaries of biocatalysis","authors":"Rudi Fasan","doi":"10.1038/s41929-025-01415-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41929-025-01415-5","url":null,"abstract":"The 2025 RepArtZymes conference featured the latest developments in the design and development of artificial and repurposed enzymes for synthetic and biotechnological applications. These contributions illustrate the impact of this rapidly expanding research area towards addressing key challenges in organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry, polymer chemistry, energy conversion, and environmental remediation.","PeriodicalId":18845,"journal":{"name":"Nature Catalysis","volume":"8 9","pages":"867-869"},"PeriodicalIF":44.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-24DOI: 10.1038/s41929-025-01401-x
Dmitry Yu. Murzin
Adsorption on solid surfaces is extremely important for various phenomena and applications. In the 1910s, adsorption and subsequent catalysis was described mainly in terms of diffusion through a fluid film to the interface. Langmuir developed the concept of a monolayer adsorption, which became the cornerstone of modern surface science.
{"title":"From isotherms to modern kinetics","authors":"Dmitry Yu. Murzin","doi":"10.1038/s41929-025-01401-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41929-025-01401-x","url":null,"abstract":"Adsorption on solid surfaces is extremely important for various phenomena and applications. In the 1910s, adsorption and subsequent catalysis was described mainly in terms of diffusion through a fluid film to the interface. Langmuir developed the concept of a monolayer adsorption, which became the cornerstone of modern surface science.","PeriodicalId":18845,"journal":{"name":"Nature Catalysis","volume":"8 9","pages":"861-862"},"PeriodicalIF":44.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-24DOI: 10.1038/s41929-025-01400-y
Peter Westh, Jeppe Kari
The 1913 study ‘Die Kinetik der Invertinwirkung’, by Michaelis and Menten, marked a pivotal advancement in enzymology by illustrating the application of mechanistic models and quantitative kinetics to biocatalysis. The foundational framework described back then continues to have a strong impact on enzymology, with profound influences that range from undergraduate education to structure–function studies and the format and content of contemporary kinetic databases.
1913年Michaelis和Menten的研究“Die Kinetik der Invertinwirkung”，通过说明机理模型和定量动力学在生物催化中的应用，标志着酶学的关键进步。当时描述的基本框架继续对酶学产生强烈的影响，从本科教育到结构-功能研究以及当代动力学数据库的格式和内容都产生了深远的影响。
{"title":"From descriptive to quantitative biocatalysis","authors":"Peter Westh, Jeppe Kari","doi":"10.1038/s41929-025-01400-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41929-025-01400-y","url":null,"abstract":"The 1913 study ‘Die Kinetik der Invertinwirkung’, by Michaelis and Menten, marked a pivotal advancement in enzymology by illustrating the application of mechanistic models and quantitative kinetics to biocatalysis. The foundational framework described back then continues to have a strong impact on enzymology, with profound influences that range from undergraduate education to structure–function studies and the format and content of contemporary kinetic databases.","PeriodicalId":18845,"journal":{"name":"Nature Catalysis","volume":"8 9","pages":"859-860"},"PeriodicalIF":44.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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