Pub Date : 2018-03-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000295
S. S. Kakraliya, Dechan Choskit, D. Pandit, Sonali Abrol
The experiment was conducted under in vitro and field conditions to observe the effect of bio-agents, botanical and fungicides against Alternaria triticina. Eight treatments were taken up with three replications and data collected was analyzed using CRD. Maximum inhibition percent mycelia growth was observed in Propiconazole (89.72%), Hexaconazole (88.44%), Vitavax (87.70%), followed by Trichoderma harzianum (85.50%), Trichoderma viride (83.30%), Pseudomonas fluorescens (80.73%) and neem leaf extract (73.57%) as compared to control (0). An experiment was conducted under field condition to observe the effect of bio-agents, neem leaf extract and fungicides against Alternaria triticina. Eight treatments were taken up with three replications and data collected was analyzed using RBD. Maximum plant height (cm) was observed in T. viride (78.82 cm) followed by T. harzianum (78.27 cm) as compared to control (70.04 cm). T. viride was significantly superior as compared to other treatments. Minimum disease intensity per cent and production of wheat was recorded in treatment Propiconazole @0.1% (18.24% and 37.00 q/ha respectively) followed by Pseudomonas fluorescens @0.5% (20.51% and 30.44 q/ha), as compared to control (43.18% and 20.41 q/ha). Propiconazole was significantly superior as compared to other treatments.
{"title":"Effect of Bio-Agents, Neem Leaf Extract and Fungicides Against Alternaria Leaf Blight of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)","authors":"S. S. Kakraliya, Dechan Choskit, D. Pandit, Sonali Abrol","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000295","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted under in vitro and field conditions to observe the effect of bio-agents, botanical and fungicides against Alternaria triticina. Eight treatments were taken up with three replications and data collected was analyzed using CRD. Maximum inhibition percent mycelia growth was observed in Propiconazole (89.72%), Hexaconazole (88.44%), Vitavax (87.70%), followed by Trichoderma harzianum (85.50%), Trichoderma viride (83.30%), Pseudomonas fluorescens (80.73%) and neem leaf extract (73.57%) as compared to control (0). An experiment was conducted under field condition to observe the effect of bio-agents, neem leaf extract and fungicides against Alternaria triticina. Eight treatments were taken up with three replications and data collected was analyzed using RBD. Maximum plant height (cm) was observed in T. viride (78.82 cm) followed by T. harzianum (78.27 cm) as compared to control (70.04 cm). T. viride was significantly superior as compared to other treatments. Minimum disease intensity per cent and production of wheat was recorded in treatment Propiconazole @0.1% (18.24% and 37.00 q/ha respectively) followed by Pseudomonas fluorescens @0.5% (20.51% and 30.44 q/ha), as compared to control (43.18% and 20.41 q/ha). Propiconazole was significantly superior as compared to other treatments.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"47 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78553161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000316
H. Jang, W. Hsu, M. Hengel, T. Shibamoto
Freeze-dried rhubarb was fractionated using column chromatography with organic solvents (various ratios of water/methanol and acetone). The seven fractions obtained were examined for antioxidant activity using a gas chromatography/malonaldehyde (GC/MA) assay. Emodin (6-methyl-1,3,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone) in each fraction was analyzed by HPLC with a diode array detector. The amounts of emodin found in the seven fractions ranged from 22.4 ± 0.35 μg/g of dried rhubarb (100% methanol eluate) to 0.33 ± 0.01 μg/g (acetone eluate). Emodin was not detected in the fractions eluted with water/methanol mixtures. Among the seven fractions, the fraction eluted with 100% methanol showed the greatest antioxidant activity and contained the highest level of emodin. This fraction exhibited antioxidant activities by 75.4 ± 13.7% at the level of 50 μg/mL, 92.8 ± 0.6% at the level of 100 μg/mL, and 93.9 ± 1.1% at the level of 500 μg/mL. These levels of antioxidant activity were comparable to those of known antioxidants α-tocopherol and BHT. The strong relationship between amounts of emodin in the fractions and antioxidant activity was observed.
{"title":"Antioxidant Activity of Rhubarb ( Rheum rhabarbarum L. ) Extract and Its Main Component Emodin","authors":"H. Jang, W. Hsu, M. Hengel, T. Shibamoto","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000316","url":null,"abstract":"Freeze-dried rhubarb was fractionated using column chromatography with organic solvents (various ratios of water/methanol and acetone). The seven fractions obtained were examined for antioxidant activity using a gas chromatography/malonaldehyde (GC/MA) assay. Emodin (6-methyl-1,3,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone) in each fraction was analyzed by HPLC with a diode array detector. The amounts of emodin found in the seven fractions ranged from 22.4 ± 0.35 μg/g of dried rhubarb (100% methanol eluate) to 0.33 ± 0.01 μg/g (acetone eluate). Emodin was not detected in the fractions eluted with water/methanol mixtures. Among the seven fractions, the fraction eluted with 100% methanol showed the greatest antioxidant activity and contained the highest level of emodin. This fraction exhibited antioxidant activities by 75.4 ± 13.7% at the level of 50 μg/mL, 92.8 ± 0.6% at the level of 100 μg/mL, and 93.9 ± 1.1% at the level of 500 μg/mL. These levels of antioxidant activity were comparable to those of known antioxidants α-tocopherol and BHT. The strong relationship between amounts of emodin in the fractions and antioxidant activity was observed.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"27 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75508905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-02-27DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000315
Firew Deribew, Milkyas Endale, Y. Melaku
Plantago lanceolata (Plantaginaceae) is a perennial cosmopolitan species traditionally used for blood clotting and healing of wound. The powdered leaves were successively extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol to give 1.55, 2.16, and 8.2%, yield, respectively. Silica gel column chromatography afforded one phenylpropanoid derivative named verbascoside. The structure of the compound was determined using spectroscopic methods (UVVis, IR, NMR). The extracts, and verbascoside were evaluated invitro for antibacterial activities by using the disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumania and Proteus miabilis. The promising inhibition zone (20 mm) was observed by verbascoside against S. aureus compared to standard Ciprofloxacin (23 mm). The radical scavenging activity of the methanol and ethyl acetate extract, and verbascoside compounds were 64.2%, 79.2 and 83.9, respectively suggesting that verbascoside displayed powerful radical scavenging activity indicating the potential of the plant as herbal remedies.
{"title":"Antibacterial and Antioxidant Phenylpropanoid Derivative from the Leaves of Plantago lanceolate","authors":"Firew Deribew, Milkyas Endale, Y. Melaku","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000315","url":null,"abstract":"Plantago lanceolata (Plantaginaceae) is a perennial cosmopolitan species traditionally used for blood clotting and healing of wound. The powdered leaves were successively extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol to give 1.55, 2.16, and 8.2%, yield, respectively. Silica gel column chromatography afforded one phenylpropanoid derivative named verbascoside. The structure of the compound was determined using spectroscopic methods (UVVis, IR, NMR). The extracts, and verbascoside were evaluated invitro for antibacterial activities by using the disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumania and Proteus miabilis. The promising inhibition zone (20 mm) was observed by verbascoside against S. aureus compared to standard Ciprofloxacin (23 mm). The radical scavenging activity of the methanol and ethyl acetate extract, and verbascoside compounds were 64.2%, 79.2 and 83.9, respectively suggesting that verbascoside displayed powerful radical scavenging activity indicating the potential of the plant as herbal remedies.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"36 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73390019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-12DOI: 10.4172/2475-7675.1000304
Orser C, Johnson S, Speck M, Hilyard A, Afia I
An unintended consequence of state-mandated cannabis testing regulations has been the resulting database from the analysis of thousands of individual cannabis flower samples from artificially restricted geographical regions. The resulting detailed chemical database can serve as the basis for the development of a chemotaxonomic classification scheme outside of conjectural cultivar naming by strain. Chemotaxonomic classification schemes for cannabis cultivars have previously been reported by others based largely on cannabis strains grown in California under an unregulated testing environment or in Europe from strains grown by a single cultivator. In this study 2,237 individual cannabis flower samples, representing 204 individual strains across 27 cultivators in a tightly regulated Nevada cannabis testing market, were analyzed across 11 cannabinoids and 19 terpenoids. Even though 98.3% of the samples were from Type I cannabis strains by cannabidiolic acid/tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) ratio of <0.5 CBDA, principal component analysis (PCA) of the combined dataset resulted in three distinct clusters that were distinguishable by terpene profiles alone. Further dissection of individual strains by cultivators within clusters revealed striking fidelity of terpenoid profiles and also revealed a few outliers. We propose that three terpenoid cluster assignments account for the diversity of drug type cannabis strains currently being grown in Nevada.
{"title":"Terpenoid Chemoprofiles Distinguish Drug-type Cannabis sativa L. Cultivars in Nevada","authors":"Orser C, Johnson S, Speck M, Hilyard A, Afia I","doi":"10.4172/2475-7675.1000304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2475-7675.1000304","url":null,"abstract":"An unintended consequence of state-mandated cannabis testing regulations has been the resulting database from the analysis of thousands of individual cannabis flower samples from artificially restricted geographical regions. The resulting detailed chemical database can serve as the basis for the development of a chemotaxonomic classification scheme outside of conjectural cultivar naming by strain. Chemotaxonomic classification schemes for cannabis cultivars have previously been reported by others based largely on cannabis strains grown in California under an unregulated testing environment or in Europe from strains grown by a single cultivator. In this study 2,237 individual cannabis flower samples, representing 204 individual strains across 27 cultivators in a tightly regulated Nevada cannabis testing market, were analyzed across 11 cannabinoids and 19 terpenoids. Even though 98.3% of the samples were from Type I cannabis strains by cannabidiolic acid/tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) ratio of <0.5 CBDA, principal component analysis (PCA) of the combined dataset resulted in three distinct clusters that were distinguishable by terpene profiles alone. Further dissection of individual strains by cultivators within clusters revealed striking fidelity of terpenoid profiles and also revealed a few outliers. We propose that three terpenoid cluster assignments account for the diversity of drug type cannabis strains currently being grown in Nevada.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88796261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-12DOI: 10.4172/2475-7675.1000306
J. Nyemb, A. Tchinda, E. Talla, Emmanuel B Nanga, David T Ngoudjou, C. Hénoumont, S. Laurent, J. Iqbal, J. Mbafor
A new cerebroside (2R)-2-hydroxy-N-[(Z,2S,3S,4R)-1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3,4-dihydroxynonadec-8-en-2-yl] nonacosanamide (1) was isolated from the wood of roots of V. paradoxa along with six known compounds including catechin (2), quercetin (3), spinasterol 3-O-β-D -glucopyranoside (6), gallic acid (7) and a mixture of β-sitosterol (4) and stigmasterol (5). The structure of the new compound was established by 1D (1H and 13C NMR) and 2D NMR (COSY and HSQC) spectroscopy, extensive mass spectrometry and by comparison with published data. The antibacterial, α-glucosidase and alkaline phosphatase (AP) inhibitory activities of all the pure compounds were evaluated. The antibacterial activities were evaluated against three gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli; Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) while APs inhibitory activities were evaluated on h-TNAP and h-IAP. Significant antibacterial activity was recorded for quercetin (3) against P. aeruginosa. Most of the compounds except 1 and 6 were found to be inhibitors of α-glucosidase. The highest inhibitory potential being recorded for quercetin (3) with IC50 value of 4.30 ± 0.01 μM, 55 fold higher than the standard drug acarbose (IC50=234.6 ± 2.01 μM). All tested compounds exhibited moderate inhibitory activities against APs. h-TNAP inhibitory values were ranged between 41.24 ± 1.33 μM and 312.54 ± 6.44 μM while h-IAP inhibitory values were in the range of 47.95 ± 0.35 μM and 777.47 ± 18.55 μM. Quercetin (3) was found to be the most active h-IAP inhibitor (IC50=47.95 ± 0.35 mM), whereas, spinasterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6) was found to be the most active h-TNAP inhibitor (IC50=41.24 ± 1.33 mM). The new compound (1) showed moderate inhibition on h-IAP (78.11 ± 3.70 μM) and on h-TNAP (88.84 ± 2.70 μM).
{"title":"Vitellaroside, A New Cerebroside from Vitellaria paradoxa (Sapotaceae) and its Bioactivities","authors":"J. Nyemb, A. Tchinda, E. Talla, Emmanuel B Nanga, David T Ngoudjou, C. Hénoumont, S. Laurent, J. Iqbal, J. Mbafor","doi":"10.4172/2475-7675.1000306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2475-7675.1000306","url":null,"abstract":"A new cerebroside (2R)-2-hydroxy-N-[(Z,2S,3S,4R)-1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3,4-dihydroxynonadec-8-en-2-yl] nonacosanamide (1) was isolated from the wood of roots of V. paradoxa along with six known compounds including catechin (2), quercetin (3), spinasterol 3-O-β-D -glucopyranoside (6), gallic acid (7) and a mixture of β-sitosterol (4) and stigmasterol (5). The structure of the new compound was established by 1D (1H and 13C NMR) and 2D NMR (COSY and HSQC) spectroscopy, extensive mass spectrometry and by comparison with published data. The antibacterial, α-glucosidase and alkaline phosphatase (AP) inhibitory activities of all the pure compounds were evaluated. The antibacterial activities were evaluated against three gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli; Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) while APs inhibitory activities were evaluated on h-TNAP and h-IAP. Significant antibacterial activity was recorded for quercetin (3) against P. aeruginosa. Most of the compounds except 1 and 6 were found to be inhibitors of α-glucosidase. The highest inhibitory potential being recorded for quercetin (3) with IC50 value of 4.30 ± 0.01 μM, 55 fold higher than the standard drug acarbose (IC50=234.6 ± 2.01 μM). All tested compounds exhibited moderate inhibitory activities against APs. h-TNAP inhibitory values were ranged between 41.24 ± 1.33 μM and 312.54 ± 6.44 μM while h-IAP inhibitory values were in the range of 47.95 ± 0.35 μM and 777.47 ± 18.55 μM. Quercetin (3) was found to be the most active h-IAP inhibitor (IC50=47.95 ± 0.35 mM), whereas, spinasterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6) was found to be the most active h-TNAP inhibitor (IC50=41.24 ± 1.33 mM). The new compound (1) showed moderate inhibition on h-IAP (78.11 ± 3.70 μM) and on h-TNAP (88.84 ± 2.70 μM).","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91261158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-12DOI: 10.4172/2475-7675.1000302
H. Berbaoui, A. Cheriti, A. OuldElHadjKhelil
The study presents an interest in the antibacterial effect of some Asteraceae of southern Algeria, on nosocomial strains of the genus Staphylococcus precisely strains of two species Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Both species of Staphylococcus were omnipresent in nosocomial environment investigated according ato previous study. Plants tested were all shown an antimicrobial effect against the tested strains with maximum inhibition zone of 21 mm for Staphylococcus epidermidis for Cotula cinerea, Staphylococcus aureus shown maximum inhibition zones of 22 mm also for Cotula cinerea and bubonium graveolens and those for the reference strain, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, were 32 mm for Bubonium graveolens . Plants tested shown minimal inhibitory concentration ranging from 1 × 10-3 g to 5 × 10-4 g. Staphylococcus strains tested were totally resistant to β lactams with rate of 51.84% whereas their rate of resistance for cotula cinerea was only 07.21%.
{"title":"Antibacterial Effect of Some Asteraceae of Southern Algeria on Nosocomial Strains of the Genus Staphylococcus","authors":"H. Berbaoui, A. Cheriti, A. OuldElHadjKhelil","doi":"10.4172/2475-7675.1000302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2475-7675.1000302","url":null,"abstract":"The study presents an interest in the antibacterial effect of some Asteraceae of southern Algeria, on nosocomial strains of the genus Staphylococcus precisely strains of two species Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Both species of Staphylococcus were omnipresent in nosocomial environment investigated according ato previous study. Plants tested were all shown an antimicrobial effect against the tested strains with maximum inhibition zone of 21 mm for Staphylococcus epidermidis for Cotula cinerea, Staphylococcus aureus shown maximum inhibition zones of 22 mm also for Cotula cinerea and bubonium graveolens and those for the reference strain, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, were 32 mm for Bubonium graveolens . Plants tested shown minimal inhibitory concentration ranging from 1 × 10-3 g to 5 × 10-4 g. Staphylococcus strains tested were totally resistant to β lactams with rate of 51.84% whereas their rate of resistance for cotula cinerea was only 07.21%.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85124476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-05DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000309
B. Pap, B. CathrynKate
Scientists have probed into the diverse populations in the ecosystem searching for feasible solutions to the rising existence of antibiotic resistance mechanisms that are threatening the ability to treat infectious diseases. Marine sponges are recognized as the richest sources of new marine natural products and have been shown to contain associated bacteria and fungi which produce compounds exhibiting microbial activity. In the study, fungal isolates obtained from an unidentified marine sponge were tested against Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, Rhizopus oryzae and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Three strips of the sponge were placed in three test tubes containing yeast peptone glucose (YPG) broth and were incubated for 7 days at 37°C. The three samples were each diluted in ten test tubes. One and a half mL was pipetted to YPG agar plates from test tubes 8 to 10 for every sample. Four fungal isolates were obtained from the three samples and purified through streak plate method. These were then assayed through cross streak method using modified YPG agar as the medium. Of the four isolates tested against the four test organisms, only one isolate exhibited activity against Rhizopus oryzae and none against the other organisms. The isolate was further tested through disc diffusion technique. Analysis of zones of inhibition proved that antifungal activity was exhibited. This provides another source of inhibitory compound. Further tests are recommended to validate results.
{"title":"Fungal Isolates from a Marine Sponge from Dao Dao Island, Pagadian City against Bacillus subtilis, Microccocus luteus, Rhizopus oryzae, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae","authors":"B. Pap, B. CathrynKate","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000309","url":null,"abstract":"Scientists have probed into the diverse populations in the ecosystem searching for feasible solutions to the rising existence of antibiotic resistance mechanisms that are threatening the ability to treat infectious diseases. Marine sponges are recognized as the richest sources of new marine natural products and have been shown to contain associated bacteria and fungi which produce compounds exhibiting microbial activity. In the study, fungal isolates obtained from an unidentified marine sponge were tested against Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, Rhizopus oryzae and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Three strips of the sponge were placed in three test tubes containing yeast peptone glucose (YPG) broth and were incubated for 7 days at 37°C. The three samples were each diluted in ten test tubes. One and a half mL was pipetted to YPG agar plates from test tubes 8 to 10 for every sample. Four fungal isolates were obtained from the three samples and purified through streak plate method. These were then assayed through cross streak method using modified YPG agar as the medium. Of the four isolates tested against the four test organisms, only one isolate exhibited activity against Rhizopus oryzae and none against the other organisms. The isolate was further tested through disc diffusion technique. Analysis of zones of inhibition proved that antifungal activity was exhibited. This provides another source of inhibitory compound. Further tests are recommended to validate results.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91339755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-05DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000310
S. Serly, Luis Fernando Pg, L. Angelica, Heiddy Ma, Iván Sergio Cg
The ability of fungus Periconia hispidula (42/07), isolated at the semi-arid of BAHIA in Brazil, to biotransform acetophenone and its derivatives has been studied. The influence of reaction parameters (mean, time, amount of substrate) on the conversion and enantioselectivity of acetophenone reduction was initially investigated. By comparison between culture media (optimized YM / BD / BD supplemented with Fe2+) BD medium supplemented with Fe2+ (0.02 g/L) was selected. From the growth curve, the incubation time prior to addition of substrate (4 and 7 days) was determined. The best conversion results for obtaining the (S)-1-phenylethanol, with enantiomeric excess of 98% were reached after four days of previous incubation of the microorganism. The influence of the amount of acetophenone (20 μL to 200 μL) was also analyzed with the objective of evaluating the toxicity of the substrate. Substrate amounts greater than 100 (0.1%) were found to have resulted in conversion and enantioselectivity dropping. The biocatalyst was also tested against 20 prochiral ketones: 2-, 3- and 4-nitroacetophenone; 2-, 3- and 4- methylacetophenone; 2-, 3- and 4-methoxyacetophenone; 2-, 3- and 4-bromoacetophenone; 2-, 3- and 4- fluoracetophenone; 2,4-dimethylacetophenone; 2,5-dimethylacetophenone and 4-ethylacetophenone. Conversions of chiral alcohols ranged from 56% to 99% with enantiomeric excesses of 54 to over 99%, demonstrating that the fungus Periconia hispidula is a promising stereoselective biocatalyst for application in reduction processes of carbonyl compounds.
{"title":"Periconia hispidula A New Semiarid Biocatalyst for the Reduction of Prochiral Aromatic Ketone","authors":"S. Serly, Luis Fernando Pg, L. Angelica, Heiddy Ma, Iván Sergio Cg","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000310","url":null,"abstract":"The ability of fungus Periconia hispidula (42/07), isolated at the semi-arid of BAHIA in Brazil, to biotransform acetophenone and its derivatives has been studied. The influence of reaction parameters (mean, time, amount of substrate) on the conversion and enantioselectivity of acetophenone reduction was initially investigated. By comparison between culture media (optimized YM / BD / BD supplemented with Fe2+) BD medium supplemented with Fe2+ (0.02 g/L) was selected. From the growth curve, the incubation time prior to addition of substrate (4 and 7 days) was determined. The best conversion results for obtaining the (S)-1-phenylethanol, with enantiomeric excess of 98% were reached after four days of previous incubation of the microorganism. The influence of the amount of acetophenone (20 μL to 200 μL) was also analyzed with the objective of evaluating the toxicity of the substrate. Substrate amounts greater than 100 (0.1%) were found to have resulted in conversion and enantioselectivity dropping. The biocatalyst was also tested against 20 prochiral ketones: 2-, 3- and 4-nitroacetophenone; 2-, 3- and 4- methylacetophenone; 2-, 3- and 4-methoxyacetophenone; 2-, 3- and 4-bromoacetophenone; 2-, 3- and 4- fluoracetophenone; 2,4-dimethylacetophenone; 2,5-dimethylacetophenone and 4-ethylacetophenone. Conversions of chiral alcohols ranged from 56% to 99% with enantiomeric excesses of 54 to over 99%, demonstrating that the fungus Periconia hispidula is a promising stereoselective biocatalyst for application in reduction processes of carbonyl compounds.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"69 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80701241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-02DOI: 10.4172/2475-7675.1000300
H. Pawar, Amit Jagannath Gavasane, Pritam Dinesh Choudhary
Turmeric (Curcuma longa L. Family: Zingiberaceae) is a widely cultivated spice in India and other Asian countries. Curcumin is the main coloring substance in Curcuma longa and two related compounds, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin are altogether known as curcuminoids. Turmeric is rich in curcuminoids, and recognized for their broad spectrum of biological activities. During isolation and purification of curcuminoids from oleo resin, the volatile oil present turmeric solubilizes curcumin creating problem in recrystallization process. To eliminate the interference of volatile oil and resolve the problem recrystallization, the present research work was undertaken. Various organic solvents and their combinations were tried for selective recrystallization of curcuminoids. Mixture of hot isopropyl alcohol: hexane (1:1.5) was found to be the best recrystallization solvent for purification of curcuminoids. The identity of curcuminoids was further confirmed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy (FTIR). The total curcumin content of crude curcuminoid powder was found to be 76.82% W/W whereas in recrystallized powder the purity was increased to 99.45% W/W.
姜黄(Curcuma longa L.科:姜科)是印度和其他亚洲国家广泛种植的香料。姜黄素是姜黄中主要的着色物质，两种相关化合物，去甲氧基姜黄素和双去甲氧基姜黄素合称为姜黄素。姜黄富含姜黄素，具有广泛的生物活性。在从油脂树脂中分离纯化姜黄素的过程中，含有姜黄的挥发油使姜黄素溶解，造成了重结晶过程中的问题。为了消除挥发油的干扰，解决重结晶问题，开展了本课题的研究工作。研究了多种有机溶剂及其组合对姜黄素选择性重结晶的影响。热异丙醇:正己烷(1:1.5)的混合物是纯化姜黄素的最佳重结晶溶剂。通过薄层色谱(TLC)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)进一步证实了姜黄素类化合物的身份。粗姜黄素粉末的总姜黄素含量为76.82% W/W，重结晶粉末的纯度可达99.45% W/W。
{"title":"A Novel and Simple Approach for Extraction and Isolation of Curcuminoids from Turmeric Rhizomes","authors":"H. Pawar, Amit Jagannath Gavasane, Pritam Dinesh Choudhary","doi":"10.4172/2475-7675.1000300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2475-7675.1000300","url":null,"abstract":"Turmeric (Curcuma longa L. Family: Zingiberaceae) is a widely cultivated spice in India and other Asian countries. Curcumin is the main coloring substance in Curcuma longa and two related compounds, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin are altogether known as curcuminoids. Turmeric is rich in curcuminoids, and recognized for their broad spectrum of biological activities. During isolation and purification of curcuminoids from oleo resin, the volatile oil present turmeric solubilizes curcumin creating problem in recrystallization process. To eliminate the interference of volatile oil and resolve the problem recrystallization, the present research work was undertaken. Various organic solvents and their combinations were tried for selective recrystallization of curcuminoids. Mixture of hot isopropyl alcohol: hexane (1:1.5) was found to be the best recrystallization solvent for purification of curcuminoids. The identity of curcuminoids was further confirmed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy (FTIR). The total curcumin content of crude curcuminoid powder was found to be 76.82% W/W whereas in recrystallized powder the purity was increased to 99.45% W/W.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"109 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74489209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-02DOI: 10.4172/2475-7675.1000301
Negera Abdissa, Abdulwahid Abamecha
Chromatographic separation of the chloroform/methanol (1:1) extract of the Aloe pulcherrima rhizome afforded a new dihydroisocoumarin derivative (1) along with six anthraquinone derivatives (2-7). The chemical structures of the compounds were established based on spectroscopic analyses including NMR (1H and 13C NMR, 1H-1H COSY, HMQC, HMBC, NOESY), MS and comparison with reported literature. The isolated compounds were evaluated for in vitro antibacterial and antiplasmodial activities. Almost all compounds showed antibacterial activity with the highest activity observed for compound 5 against Enterococcus faecalis. Whereas, only compound, 3, 4, 5 and 6 showed antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine-resistant (W2) strain of Plasmodium falciparum.
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