Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000313
Shimekit Tadele, Solomon Girmay
Vegetable soybean (Glycine max) is well established legume in the human diet in all over the world. D-Pinitol is a natural product belonging to groups of Cyclitols. D-pinitol plays tremendous medicinal roles. The aim of this work is to quantify the bioactive constituent D-Pinitol from seeds, seed pods and leaves of soybean. D-Pinitol extraction of soybean was processed with methanolic extraction followed by quantification using a UV spectrophotometer in comparisons with the Caro pinitol®. The maximum wavelength and absorbance of the standard dissolved in laboratory reagent water were 193 nm and 0.904 respectively. The best-fit line, R2, was found to be greater than 0.9983, indicating the D-pinitol’s concentration has significant effect on D-pinitol’s absorbance over a concentration range of 31.25-1000.0 μg/mL. The mean recovery of the method was 94.3 ± 8.06%. The absorbance of the serially diluted standard of 31.25 μg/nL, 62.5 μg/mL, 125 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL, 500 μg/L and 1000 μg/mL at 193 nm is 0.032, 0.042, 0.096, 0.205, 0.375, and 0.714, respectively. The absorbance of the samples Nyala seed (so), Nyala seed (mz), Nova seed (so), Nova seed (mz), Nyala seed pod (so), Nova seed pod (so), Nyala leaf (so) and Nova leaf (so) at 193 nm were 0.237, 0.267, 0.307, 0.204, 0.213, 0.276, 0.24 and 0.263, respectively. The quantity (gm) of D-pinitol within 25 gm crude extract of Nyala seed (so), nyala seed (mz), nova seed (so), nova seed (mz), nyala seed pod (so), nova seed pod (so), nyala leaf (so) and nova leaf (so) were 16.2, 18.4, 21.3, 13.9, 14.5, 19, 16.5 and 18.1, respectively. The quantitative values of all varieties are closer to each other and this may be attributed to the similarity between the sampling areas, South Omo and Metekel zone. Generally, the Ethiopian soybean has high Dpinitol content. The pairwise comparison using the Student’s t-test shows no significant difference, p>0.05, between the content of D-pinitol in seed, seed pod and leaf.
{"title":"Quantification of Bioactive Constituent D-Pinitol in Ethiopian Soybean","authors":"Shimekit Tadele, Solomon Girmay","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000313","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetable soybean (Glycine max) is well established legume in the human diet in all over the world. D-Pinitol is a natural product belonging to groups of Cyclitols. D-pinitol plays tremendous medicinal roles. The aim of this work is to quantify the bioactive constituent D-Pinitol from seeds, seed pods and leaves of soybean. D-Pinitol extraction of soybean was processed with methanolic extraction followed by quantification using a UV spectrophotometer in comparisons with the Caro pinitol®. The maximum wavelength and absorbance of the standard dissolved in laboratory reagent water were 193 nm and 0.904 respectively. The best-fit line, R2, was found to be greater than 0.9983, indicating the D-pinitol’s concentration has significant effect on D-pinitol’s absorbance over a concentration range of 31.25-1000.0 μg/mL. The mean recovery of the method was 94.3 ± 8.06%. The absorbance of the serially diluted standard of 31.25 μg/nL, 62.5 μg/mL, 125 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL, 500 μg/L and 1000 μg/mL at 193 nm is 0.032, 0.042, 0.096, 0.205, 0.375, and 0.714, respectively. The absorbance of the samples Nyala seed (so), Nyala seed (mz), Nova seed (so), Nova seed (mz), Nyala seed pod (so), Nova seed pod (so), Nyala leaf (so) and Nova leaf (so) at 193 nm were 0.237, 0.267, 0.307, 0.204, 0.213, 0.276, 0.24 and 0.263, respectively. The quantity (gm) of D-pinitol within 25 gm crude extract of Nyala seed (so), nyala seed (mz), nova seed (so), nova seed (mz), nyala seed pod (so), nova seed pod (so), nyala leaf (so) and nova leaf (so) were 16.2, 18.4, 21.3, 13.9, 14.5, 19, 16.5 and 18.1, respectively. The quantitative values of all varieties are closer to each other and this may be attributed to the similarity between the sampling areas, South Omo and Metekel zone. Generally, the Ethiopian soybean has high Dpinitol content. The pairwise comparison using the Student’s t-test shows no significant difference, p>0.05, between the content of D-pinitol in seed, seed pod and leaf.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"138 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77430480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000327
E. Freye, H. Strobel
Objectives: Two new CoQ10 preparations are on the market, of which however, very little is known about their ability to increase ATP production, the final end product in mitochondrial activity. We therefore set out to measure ATP synthesis in granulocytes of volunteers before and after a five-week administration of either Greenspeed® or Q10 Revolution® and sought to determine if this is reflected in some way to an increase in concentration and vigilance.Methods: 12 young healthy volunteers (mean age 21, 10 males, two females) were given either one of the two CoQ10 supplements over a period of 5 weeks in a cross-over randomized double-blind fashion. ATP concentration was measured in granulocytes before and after five weeks, using bioluminescence luciferase probes. In addition, the d2- concentration and stress test was used to determine mental concentration before and after each of the Q10 formulations.Results: The two Q10 formulations (Greenspeed® and Q10 Revolution®) increased the formation of ATP within the granulocytes following intake over of five-week period. This increase was highly significant following both formulations (p<0.0005), while at the same time it increased concentration and mental performance resulting in a significant reduction (p<0.001) of mistakes within the d2-concentration and stress test. The latter was closely correlated with ATP increase resulting in a correlation coefficient of r2=0.84 for both formulations.Conclusion: Two CoQ10 formulations (Q10 Revolution® and Greenspeed®) on the European market demonstrate significant increase in ATP synthesis within mitochondria, while at the same time increase mental performance considerably. Both formulations use different strategies of how to increase Q10 getting into the cell since plasma concentrations by their own do not properly reflect ATP synthesis within mitochondria.
{"title":"New CoenzymeQ10 Formulations Increase Mental Concentration and Focused Attention Related to ATP Production","authors":"E. Freye, H. Strobel","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000327","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Two new CoQ10 preparations are on the market, of which however, very little is known about their ability to increase ATP production, the final end product in mitochondrial activity. We therefore set out to measure ATP synthesis in granulocytes of volunteers before and after a five-week administration of either Greenspeed® or Q10 Revolution® and sought to determine if this is reflected in some way to an increase in concentration and vigilance.Methods: 12 young healthy volunteers (mean age 21, 10 males, two females) were given either one of the two CoQ10 supplements over a period of 5 weeks in a cross-over randomized double-blind fashion. ATP concentration was measured in granulocytes before and after five weeks, using bioluminescence luciferase probes. In addition, the d2- concentration and stress test was used to determine mental concentration before and after each of the Q10 formulations.Results: The two Q10 formulations (Greenspeed® and Q10 Revolution®) increased the formation of ATP within the granulocytes following intake over of five-week period. This increase was highly significant following both formulations (p<0.0005), while at the same time it increased concentration and mental performance resulting in a significant reduction (p<0.001) of mistakes within the d2-concentration and stress test. The latter was closely correlated with ATP increase resulting in a correlation coefficient of r2=0.84 for both formulations.Conclusion: Two CoQ10 formulations (Q10 Revolution® and Greenspeed®) on the European market demonstrate significant increase in ATP synthesis within mitochondria, while at the same time increase mental performance considerably. Both formulations use different strategies of how to increase Q10 getting into the cell since plasma concentrations by their own do not properly reflect ATP synthesis within mitochondria.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82906191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000294
K. GuravaReddy, Anuradha, Sambasiva Rao
The present study was designed for phytochemical and antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of the whole plant Euphorbia thymifolia linn. Belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It cures many diseases. The phytochemicals present in this methanolic extract were studied by standard Protocols and the invitro antioxidant activities were studied using different methods i.e., H2O2 scavenging activity, Reducing power method and Phosphomolybdinum method. These three methods show significant activity with standard drugs.
{"title":"Phytochemical and Antioxidant Activities of Methanolic Extract of the Plant Euphorbia thymifolia Linn","authors":"K. GuravaReddy, Anuradha, Sambasiva Rao","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000294","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was designed for phytochemical and antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of the whole plant Euphorbia thymifolia linn. Belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It cures many diseases. The phytochemicals present in this methanolic extract were studied by standard Protocols and the invitro antioxidant activities were studied using different methods i.e., H2O2 scavenging activity, Reducing power method and Phosphomolybdinum method. These three methods show significant activity with standard drugs.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88503640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000336
P. Campos, E. Pichon, B. Illien, P. Clerc, C. Moriou, N. Voogd, C. Hellio, R. Trépos, M. Frédérich, A. Al‐Mourabit, A. Gauvin-Bialecki
Marine sponges are recognized as a rich source of new marine natural products. In this study, chemical investigation of the CH2Cl2-MeOH (1:1) extract from the marine sponge Haliclona fascigera collected in Mayotte was carried out and highlighted a new unusual acetylenic and tetrahydrofuranic fatty acid, (2S*,5S*,6Z)-2,5epoxydocosan-6-en-21-ynoic acid (1). Its planar structure was elucidated by HRESIMS data, IR, 1D and 2D NMR spectra. The relative configuration of compound 1 was deduced from density functional theory (DFT) computational calculations fitted using the recently published DP4+ probability.
{"title":"(2S*,5S*,6Z)-2,5-Epoxydocosan-6-en-21-ynoic Acid, New Fatty Acid from the Marine Sponge Haliclona fascigera","authors":"P. Campos, E. Pichon, B. Illien, P. Clerc, C. Moriou, N. Voogd, C. Hellio, R. Trépos, M. Frédérich, A. Al‐Mourabit, A. Gauvin-Bialecki","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000336","url":null,"abstract":"Marine sponges are recognized as a rich source of new marine natural products. In this study, chemical investigation of the CH2Cl2-MeOH (1:1) extract from the marine sponge Haliclona fascigera collected in Mayotte was carried out and highlighted a new unusual acetylenic and tetrahydrofuranic fatty acid, (2S*,5S*,6Z)-2,5epoxydocosan-6-en-21-ynoic acid (1). Its planar structure was elucidated by HRESIMS data, IR, 1D and 2D NMR spectra. The relative configuration of compound 1 was deduced from density functional theory (DFT) computational calculations fitted using the recently published DP4+ probability.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90901649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000323
A. Roy, M. Krishnan, N. Bharadvaja
Centella asiatica commonly known by names like gotu kola, Mandukaparni or Indian pennywort is a small herbaceous perennial medicinal plant belonging to Apiaceae family. Its active metabolites are triterpenoids which includes asiaticoside, asiatic acid, madecassoside, madecassic acid which has wide range of pharmaceutical activities like wound healing, memory enhancer, treatment of skin diseases etc. The present work is aimed to perform phytochemical analysis and estimation of antioxidant activity by DPPH assay. The antioxidant activity by DPPH assay showed maximum IC50 value in CSC extract than shoot and callus extracts. The quantitative estimation of total phenolic, flavanoids and tannins indicates highest phytochemicals in SC when compared to CC and CSC.
{"title":"Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Centella asiatica","authors":"A. Roy, M. Krishnan, N. Bharadvaja","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000323","url":null,"abstract":"Centella asiatica commonly known by names like gotu kola, Mandukaparni or Indian pennywort is a small herbaceous perennial medicinal plant belonging to Apiaceae family. Its active metabolites are triterpenoids which includes asiaticoside, asiatic acid, madecassoside, madecassic acid which has wide range of pharmaceutical activities like wound healing, memory enhancer, treatment of skin diseases etc. The present work is aimed to perform phytochemical analysis and estimation of antioxidant activity by DPPH assay. The antioxidant activity by DPPH assay showed maximum IC50 value in CSC extract than shoot and callus extracts. The quantitative estimation of total phenolic, flavanoids and tannins indicates highest phytochemicals in SC when compared to CC and CSC.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"66 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89565056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000311
Shuma Fayera, G. NeelaiahBabu, A. Dekebo, Yiheyis Bogale
Leaves of Plantago lanceolata were traditionally used to treat wounds, burns, inflammations, fevers, diabetes and cancer. The present study was carried out on the phytochemical investigation and antimicrobial activities of the leaves extract of Plantago lanceolata since the plant was used for wound healing in Ethiopia. The powdered leaves of Plantago lanceolata herb was sequentially extracted with organic solvents: petroleum ether, chloroform/methanol (1:1) and methanol respectively. The crude extracts was subjected to phytochemical screening and revealed the presence of steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, phenols, tannins and terpenoids compounds that might be responsible for the claimed activities by local people. The petroleum ether extract was purified over silica gel preparative thin layer chromatography and yielded an isolated compound PL-5. The structure of this compound was elucidated using different spectroscopic techniques such as FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and DEPT-135 spectral data and by comparing the data with literature reports. The crude extracts, isolated pure compound and n-hexane extracted oil were tested against four bacterial species (Gram negative bacteria: Escherichia coli and Salmonela thyphei; Gram positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae) and two fungal species (Aspergillus niger and Fusarium solani) using paper disc diffusion method. All crude extracts, isolated pure compounds and extracted oil were active against all the tested bacterial. Additionally, petroleum ether and chloroform/methanol (1:1) crude extracts and n-hexane extracted oil were active against the two fungal species and hence the present work supported the medicinal use of Plantago lanceolata.
{"title":"Phytochemical Investigation and Antimicrobial Study of Leaf Extract of Plantago lanceolata","authors":"Shuma Fayera, G. NeelaiahBabu, A. Dekebo, Yiheyis Bogale","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000311","url":null,"abstract":"Leaves of Plantago lanceolata were traditionally used to treat wounds, burns, inflammations, fevers, diabetes and cancer. The present study was carried out on the phytochemical investigation and antimicrobial activities of the leaves extract of Plantago lanceolata since the plant was used for wound healing in Ethiopia. The powdered leaves of Plantago lanceolata herb was sequentially extracted with organic solvents: petroleum ether, chloroform/methanol (1:1) and methanol respectively. The crude extracts was subjected to phytochemical screening and revealed the presence of steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, phenols, tannins and terpenoids compounds that might be responsible for the claimed activities by local people. The petroleum ether extract was purified over silica gel preparative thin layer chromatography and yielded an isolated compound PL-5. The structure of this compound was elucidated using different spectroscopic techniques such as FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and DEPT-135 spectral data and by comparing the data with literature reports. The crude extracts, isolated pure compound and n-hexane extracted oil were tested against four bacterial species (Gram negative bacteria: Escherichia coli and Salmonela thyphei; Gram positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae) and two fungal species (Aspergillus niger and Fusarium solani) using paper disc diffusion method. All crude extracts, isolated pure compounds and extracted oil were active against all the tested bacterial. Additionally, petroleum ether and chloroform/methanol (1:1) crude extracts and n-hexane extracted oil were active against the two fungal species and hence the present work supported the medicinal use of Plantago lanceolata.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87628684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000337
M. Mijan, S. H. Park, Young Min Lee, B. Lim
Achyranthes japonica Nakai (AJ) is a medicinal plant and has well-known health benefits. This study has evaluated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the fermented extract of AJ (FAJ). Fermentation of the extract increased the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of AJ. FAJ showed significantly higher free radical scavenging activities as compared with NFAJ. In addition, FAJ exhibited higher ferric (Fe3+) reducing activity than NFAJ. FAJ inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)induced RAW 264.7 cells at a higher level than NFAJ without affecting the cell viability. The mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in RAW 264.7 cells was substantially reduced by FAJ treatment. Moreover, the upregulation of pp38 and protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (pERK) by LPS in RAW 264.7 cells was markedly suppressed by FAJ. These results suggest that FAJ has therapeutic potential as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Fermented Achyranthes japonica Nakai Extract","authors":"M. Mijan, S. H. Park, Young Min Lee, B. Lim","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000337","url":null,"abstract":"Achyranthes japonica Nakai (AJ) is a medicinal plant and has well-known health benefits. This study has evaluated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the fermented extract of AJ (FAJ). Fermentation of the extract increased the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of AJ. FAJ showed significantly higher free radical scavenging activities as compared with NFAJ. In addition, FAJ exhibited higher ferric (Fe3+) reducing activity than NFAJ. FAJ inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)induced RAW 264.7 cells at a higher level than NFAJ without affecting the cell viability. The mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in RAW 264.7 cells was substantially reduced by FAJ treatment. Moreover, the upregulation of pp38 and protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (pERK) by LPS in RAW 264.7 cells was markedly suppressed by FAJ. These results suggest that FAJ has therapeutic potential as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83910329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000340
Amir Hassan, M. Rasheed, Mohsin Ali, Ghazala Ishrat, Mansoor M Ahmed
{"title":"A Triterpenoid Having Anticancer Activity Found in Stem Bark of Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch","authors":"Amir Hassan, M. Rasheed, Mohsin Ali, Ghazala Ishrat, Mansoor M Ahmed","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000340","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79549280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000307
Dula De, A. Zelalem
Objective In Ethiopia, any part of Calpurnia aurea is used for the treatment of different ailments: to destroy lice and ticks, to relieve itches, syphilis, malaria, rabies, diabetes, hypertension, diarrhoea, leishmaniasis, trachoma, elephantiasis, fungal diseases, stomach-ache, bowel, bladder disorders and different swellings. However, despite its traditional usage as an agent, there is limited or no information regarding the antioxidant activity assay profile of the root part unlike other parts. Hence; the researcher interested to assess the in vitro antioxidant activities of the root extracts of Calpurnia aurea . Methods Calpurnia aurea root was collected from around Jimma Arjo highland, East Wollega, Western Ethiopia. The collected plant material was dried and powdered using electrical grinder and then macerated within four organic solvents: hexane (99%), chloroform (99.9%), ethanol (97%) and methanol (99.8%) according to their increasing polarity index for 72 hours with mechanical shaking within 4 hours interval in average and it was filtered through Whatman No.1 filter paper and the filtrate was dried using Rotary evaporator. The in-vitro antioxidant properties were assessed through DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) in ethanol solution both qualitatively and quantitatively. Results The ethanol extract of the root part of Calpurnia aurea has shown better antioxidant activity at 100 μg/mL (81.63%) when compared to the standard reference (ascorbic acid, 86.88%) and other extracts (chloroform, methanol, and n-hexane i.e., 71.72%, 36.40% and 26.14%, respectively) at the same concentration. Hexane root extract showed very weak or almost negligible activity. Conclusion It is evident from this study that highest the root part of the plant species has shown antioxidant potential which could be highly correlated with presence of flavonoids, tannins and phenolic compounds in general. Therefore, the root extract of Calpurnia aurea can be quantified for application in pharmaceutical industry.
{"title":"Antioxidant Activity Assessment of Calpurnia aurea Root Extract","authors":"Dula De, A. Zelalem","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000307","url":null,"abstract":"Objective In Ethiopia, any part of Calpurnia aurea is used for the treatment of different ailments: to destroy lice and ticks, to relieve itches, syphilis, malaria, rabies, diabetes, hypertension, diarrhoea, leishmaniasis, trachoma, elephantiasis, fungal diseases, stomach-ache, bowel, bladder disorders and different swellings. However, despite its traditional usage as an agent, there is limited or no information regarding the antioxidant activity assay profile of the root part unlike other parts. Hence; the researcher interested to assess the in vitro antioxidant activities of the root extracts of Calpurnia aurea . Methods Calpurnia aurea root was collected from around Jimma Arjo highland, East Wollega, Western Ethiopia. The collected plant material was dried and powdered using electrical grinder and then macerated within four organic solvents: hexane (99%), chloroform (99.9%), ethanol (97%) and methanol (99.8%) according to their increasing polarity index for 72 hours with mechanical shaking within 4 hours interval in average and it was filtered through Whatman No.1 filter paper and the filtrate was dried using Rotary evaporator. The in-vitro antioxidant properties were assessed through DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) in ethanol solution both qualitatively and quantitatively. Results The ethanol extract of the root part of Calpurnia aurea has shown better antioxidant activity at 100 μg/mL (81.63%) when compared to the standard reference (ascorbic acid, 86.88%) and other extracts (chloroform, methanol, and n-hexane i.e., 71.72%, 36.40% and 26.14%, respectively) at the same concentration. Hexane root extract showed very weak or almost negligible activity. Conclusion It is evident from this study that highest the root part of the plant species has shown antioxidant potential which could be highly correlated with presence of flavonoids, tannins and phenolic compounds in general. Therefore, the root extract of Calpurnia aurea can be quantified for application in pharmaceutical industry.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"70 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77229737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000325
Adeniyi Adenike Evelyn, O. A. Oluwafemi
Though, there has been alarming concern for increase in environmental pollution from domestic and industrial use of fossil fuel but all hands have been on deck to ensure provision of measures that will mitigate through different researches. Replacement of fossil fuel combustion with bio-resources products has been a sustainable measure. In this study, sun-dried and oven-dried seeds of Hildegardia barteri (mast.) Kosterm were subjected to mechanical and n-hexane solvent extraction of oil content. Extracted oil samples were spectroscopically analyzed to detect the possible functional group using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer so as to explore its domestic and industrial use. Results from this study shows that all Hildegardia barteri oil samples had a prevalence of single bond compounds which suggests more of saturated fatty acids. The presence of aliphatic amine group in oven-dried solvent extracted (OD+SE) sample distinct it from other samples; sun-dried solvent extracted (SD+SE) sample, was characterized with presence of sulphate group and an unidentified group; the presence of phosphate group in sundried mechanical extracted (SD+ME) oil and oven-dried and mechanical extracted (OD+ME) sample has nitrile group and also unidentified group which indicates the presence of undesirable impurities proves the necessity for degumming or refining of oil. The mechanically extracted H. barteri oil samples were observed to have more impurities than the solvent extracted oil which could have resulted from contamination during handling and extraction processes. However, there were prevalence of alcohol (O-H), alkane (C-H), alkyne (C≡H), aldehyde (C-O stretch), esters (C-O), ether (CO- C) and carboxylic acids (C-O) in all oil samples of H. barteri as observed from the spectra analysis. The results indicate stability of the oil but a need for further refining when there is need for industrial applicability.
{"title":"Spectroscopic Analysis of Oil Extracted from Seeds of Hildegardia barteri (Mast.kosterm)","authors":"Adeniyi Adenike Evelyn, O. A. Oluwafemi","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000325","url":null,"abstract":"Though, there has been alarming concern for increase in environmental pollution from domestic and industrial use of fossil fuel but all hands have been on deck to ensure provision of measures that will mitigate through different researches. Replacement of fossil fuel combustion with bio-resources products has been a sustainable measure. In this study, sun-dried and oven-dried seeds of Hildegardia barteri (mast.) Kosterm were subjected to mechanical and n-hexane solvent extraction of oil content. Extracted oil samples were spectroscopically analyzed to detect the possible functional group using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer so as to explore its domestic and industrial use. Results from this study shows that all Hildegardia barteri oil samples had a prevalence of single bond compounds which suggests more of saturated fatty acids. The presence of aliphatic amine group in oven-dried solvent extracted (OD+SE) sample distinct it from other samples; sun-dried solvent extracted (SD+SE) sample, was characterized with presence of sulphate group and an unidentified group; the presence of phosphate group in sundried mechanical extracted (SD+ME) oil and oven-dried and mechanical extracted (OD+ME) sample has nitrile group and also unidentified group which indicates the presence of undesirable impurities proves the necessity for degumming or refining of oil. The mechanically extracted H. barteri oil samples were observed to have more impurities than the solvent extracted oil which could have resulted from contamination during handling and extraction processes. However, there were prevalence of alcohol (O-H), alkane (C-H), alkyne (C≡H), aldehyde (C-O stretch), esters (C-O), ether (CO- C) and carboxylic acids (C-O) in all oil samples of H. barteri as observed from the spectra analysis. The results indicate stability of the oil but a need for further refining when there is need for industrial applicability.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87805761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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