Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.368
María Teresa Cabrera-Pedroso, J. Tacoronte-Morales, M. Fors
Background: A triterpene glycoside fraction was isolated from methanolic extract of Holothuria floridana inhabiting in shallow waters of the south-western marine insular platform of Cuba archipelago. Methods: The fraction was separated chromatographically on Amberlite and was isolated a triterpene glycoside. Its structure has been deduced, in a preliminary study, from spectral analysis (NMR, FTIR) and chemical evidence (chromogenic reactions). Results and conclusions: The compound is an open-chain, holost-Δ 9,11-en-12 α,17 α, 22 ξ triol tetraoside, belonging to the group A of the holoturins, which possesses 3 β-D-glucose, D-xylose, D-quinovose and 3-O-methyl-Dglucose as monosaccharide fragments.
背景:从生活在古巴群岛西南海域岛屿台地浅水中的佛罗里达海棠(Holothuria florida)甲醇提取物中分离出一个三萜苷部分。方法:在琥珀石层析上分离该组分，分离得到三萜苷。在初步研究中，通过光谱分析(NMR, FTIR)和化学证据(显色反应)推断出其结构。结果与结论:该化合物是一种开链的全醇四苷-Δ 9,11-en-12 α，17 α， 22 ξ三醇四苷，属于全醇苷的A族，具有3个β- d -葡萄糖、d -木糖、d -藜糖和3- o -甲基葡萄糖作为单糖片段。
{"title":"Triterpenic Glycosydic Component Isolated from the Holoturian Holothuria Floridana Inhabiting the Cuban Archipelago","authors":"María Teresa Cabrera-Pedroso, J. Tacoronte-Morales, M. Fors","doi":"10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.368","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A triterpene glycoside fraction was isolated from methanolic extract of Holothuria floridana inhabiting in shallow waters of the south-western marine insular platform of Cuba archipelago. Methods: The fraction was separated chromatographically on Amberlite and was isolated a triterpene glycoside. Its structure has been deduced, in a preliminary study, from spectral analysis (NMR, FTIR) and chemical evidence (chromogenic reactions). Results and conclusions: The compound is an open-chain, holost-Δ 9,11-en-12 α,17 α, 22 ξ triol tetraoside, belonging to the group A of the holoturins, which possesses 3 β-D-glucose, D-xylose, D-quinovose and 3-O-methyl-Dglucose as monosaccharide fragments.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"117 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79964417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.388
Z. Iqbal, M. Akhtar, M. U. Sabri, A. Altaf
The essential oil from the dried leaves of Ocimum Sanctum was extracted by hydro distillation and after drying with sodium sulfate anhydrous it was analyzed by GC-MS. The oil was found to be a mixture of hydrocarbons (26.463%), alcohols (19.326%) and oxides (3.252%). Among the hydrocarbons caryophyllene (22.265%) was found to be a major component followed by α-caryophyllene (2.071%), α-pinene (0.125%), camphene (0.121%), α-cubebene (0.123%), copaene (1.637%) and α-bourboene (0.244%). Among the alcohols eugenol (15.906%) was found in large quantity followed by Borneol (0.468%) and Methyl iso-eugenol (2.952%). Caryophyllene oxide (3.252%) was also found in appreciable amount.
{"title":"Chemical composition of ocimum sanctum essential oil by GC-MS analysis","authors":"Z. Iqbal, M. Akhtar, M. U. Sabri, A. Altaf","doi":"10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.388","url":null,"abstract":"The essential oil from the dried leaves of Ocimum Sanctum was extracted by hydro distillation and after drying with sodium sulfate anhydrous it was analyzed by GC-MS. The oil was found to be a mixture of hydrocarbons (26.463%), alcohols (19.326%) and oxides (3.252%). Among the hydrocarbons caryophyllene (22.265%) was found to be a major component followed by α-caryophyllene (2.071%), α-pinene (0.125%), camphene (0.121%), α-cubebene (0.123%), copaene (1.637%) and α-bourboene (0.244%). Among the alcohols eugenol (15.906%) was found in large quantity followed by Borneol (0.468%) and Methyl iso-eugenol (2.952%). Caryophyllene oxide (3.252%) was also found in appreciable amount.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"85 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82877275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.372
A. Vattekkatte, Bol
Terpenoids form a substantial portion of chemical diversity in nature. The enormous terpenoid diversity of more than 80,000 compounds is supported by the multisubstrate and multiproduct nature of certain enzymes from the various terpene synthases and terpene cyclases. These highly versatile enzymes are not only able to accept multiple substrates in their active site, but also simultaneously catalyze multiple reactions to the resultant multiple products. Interestingly, apart from the substrates and catalytic mechanisms, multiple regulation factors are able to alter the product profile of multiproduct terpene synthases. Simple variations in cellular conditions by changes in metal cofactors, assay pH, temperature and substrate geometry lead to significant shifts in product profiles. Switch in substrate stereochemistry for multiproduct terpene synthases in some case shows enhanced biocatalysis and in others initiates even a novel cyclization cascade. Hence, organisms can get access to a greater chemodiversity and avoid the expensive process of developing new biocatalysts just by simple changes in the cellular environment. This possibility of modulating chemical diversity provides immobile plants in the same generation access to an enhanced chemical arsenal for defense and communication by simply altering cofactors, pH level, and temperature and substrate geometry.
{"title":"Biosynthetic Origin of Complex Terpenoid Mixtures by Multiproduct Enzymes, Metal Cofactors, and Substrate Isomers","authors":"A. Vattekkatte, Bol","doi":"10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.372","url":null,"abstract":"Terpenoids form a substantial portion of chemical diversity in nature. The enormous terpenoid diversity of more than 80,000 compounds is supported by the multisubstrate and multiproduct nature of certain enzymes from the various terpene synthases and terpene cyclases. These highly versatile enzymes are not only able to accept multiple substrates in their active site, but also simultaneously catalyze multiple reactions to the resultant multiple products. Interestingly, apart from the substrates and catalytic mechanisms, multiple regulation factors are able to alter the product profile of multiproduct terpene synthases. Simple variations in cellular conditions by changes in metal cofactors, assay pH, temperature and substrate geometry lead to significant shifts in product profiles. Switch in substrate stereochemistry for multiproduct terpene synthases in some case shows enhanced biocatalysis and in others initiates even a novel cyclization cascade. Hence, organisms can get access to a greater chemodiversity and avoid the expensive process of developing new biocatalysts just by simple changes in the cellular environment. This possibility of modulating chemical diversity provides immobile plants in the same generation access to an enhanced chemical arsenal for defense and communication by simply altering cofactors, pH level, and temperature and substrate geometry.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"64 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83107362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.05
K. Alkhidir
The quality and assessment of a reservoir can be documented in details by the application of specific enthalpy. This research aims to calculate fractal dimension from the relationship among specific enthalpy, maximum specific enthalpy and wetting phase saturation and to approve it by the fractal dimension derived from the relationship among capillary pressure and wetting phase saturation. Two equations for calculating the fractal dimensions have been employed. The first one describes the functional relationship between wetting phase saturation, specific enthalpy, maximum specific enthalpy and fractal dimension. The second equation implies to the wetting phase saturation as a function of capillary pressure and the fractal dimension. Two procedures for obtaining the fractal dimension have been utilized. The first procedure was done by plotting the logarithm of the ratio between specific enthalpy and maximum specific enthalpy versus logarithm wetting phase saturation. The slope of the first procedure = 3- Df (fractal dimension). The second procedure for obtaining the fractal dimension was determined by plotting the logarithm of capillary pressure versus the logarithm of wetting phase saturation. The slope of the second procedure = Df -3. On the basis of the obtained results of the fabricated stratigraphic column and the attained values of the fractal dimension, the sandstones of the Shajara reservoirs of the Shajara Formation were divided here into three units.
{"title":"Specific Enthalpy Fractal dimension for Characterizing Shajara Reservoirs of the Permo-Carboniferous Shajara Formation, Saudi Arabia","authors":"K. Alkhidir","doi":"10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.05","url":null,"abstract":"The quality and assessment of a reservoir can be documented in details by the application of specific enthalpy. This research aims to calculate fractal dimension from the relationship among specific enthalpy, maximum specific enthalpy and wetting phase saturation and to approve it by the fractal dimension derived from the relationship among capillary pressure and wetting phase saturation. Two equations for calculating the fractal dimensions have been employed. The first one describes the functional relationship between wetting phase saturation, specific enthalpy, maximum specific enthalpy and fractal dimension. The second equation implies to the wetting phase saturation as a function of capillary pressure and the fractal dimension. Two procedures for obtaining the fractal dimension have been utilized. The first procedure was done by plotting the logarithm of the ratio between specific enthalpy and maximum specific enthalpy versus logarithm wetting phase saturation. The slope of the first procedure = 3- Df (fractal dimension). The second procedure for obtaining the fractal dimension was determined by plotting the logarithm of capillary pressure versus the logarithm of wetting phase saturation. The slope of the second procedure = Df -3. On the basis of the obtained results of the fabricated stratigraphic column and the attained values of the fractal dimension, the sandstones of the Shajara reservoirs of the Shajara Formation were divided here into three units.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"34 11 1","pages":"5-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84543622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.369
R. Suliman, H. Ali, A. Alamer, N. Aleid, A. Abu-Jafal, R. Abdulgadir, M. Omer
Objective: The aim of the present study was to characterize the antimicrobial properties of Acacia Gum Arabia crude extracts and Acacia Gum Arabia aqueous cream against certain selected quality control microorganisms. Methodology: A serial concentrations were prepared 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of Acacia Gum Arabia. An aqueous cream with 5% concentration of Acacia Gum Arabia were prepared and evaluated. A quality control tests were conducted to check the stability, organoleptic properties and pH of the cream. An in vitro evaluation against Gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus), Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeroginosa) and yeast (Candida albicans). The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) were determined. Results: Out of sex (6) tested microorganisms, it is found that 5% is the optimum concentration that most of the microorganisms are reported to shows zone of inhibitions. A further experiments were conducted for minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). The MIC values are found to be Proteus 1.25%, Shigella 2.5-1.5%, Staphylococcus epidermidis 1.25%, and Klebsiella 2.5%. The quality control tests for Acacia Gum Arabia cream reveals that for the spreadability test the measured diameter of each types (spreadability), in which the average diameter of aqueous cream and acacia cream ware 2.4 and 2.2 ± 0.14, respectively. The topical treatment with Acassia gum cream showed significant healing effect on excision wounds and demonstrated an important role in the inflammation process by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities, thereby accelerating the wound healing process and reducing tissue injury. Conclusion: it can be concluded that Acacia Gum Arabia demonstrate an antibacterial activity for certain types of bacterias. And the Acacia Gum Arabia cream can be used as an antibacterial cream.
{"title":"In vitro Anti-microbial Activity and Wound Healing Evaluation of Acacia Gum Arabia Aqueous Cream","authors":"R. Suliman, H. Ali, A. Alamer, N. Aleid, A. Abu-Jafal, R. Abdulgadir, M. Omer","doi":"10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.369","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of the present study was to characterize the antimicrobial properties of Acacia Gum Arabia crude extracts and Acacia Gum Arabia aqueous cream against certain selected quality control microorganisms. Methodology: A serial concentrations were prepared 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of Acacia Gum Arabia. An aqueous cream with 5% concentration of Acacia Gum Arabia were prepared and evaluated. A quality control tests were conducted to check the stability, organoleptic properties and pH of the cream. An in vitro evaluation against Gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus), Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeroginosa) and yeast (Candida albicans). The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) were determined. Results: Out of sex (6) tested microorganisms, it is found that 5% is the optimum concentration that most of the microorganisms are reported to shows zone of inhibitions. A further experiments were conducted for minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). The MIC values are found to be Proteus 1.25%, Shigella 2.5-1.5%, Staphylococcus epidermidis 1.25%, and Klebsiella 2.5%. The quality control tests for Acacia Gum Arabia cream reveals that for the spreadability test the measured diameter of each types (spreadability), in which the average diameter of aqueous cream and acacia cream ware 2.4 and 2.2 ± 0.14, respectively. The topical treatment with Acassia gum cream showed significant healing effect on excision wounds and demonstrated an important role in the inflammation process by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities, thereby accelerating the wound healing process and reducing tissue injury. Conclusion: it can be concluded that Acacia Gum Arabia demonstrate an antibacterial activity for certain types of bacterias. And the Acacia Gum Arabia cream can be used as an antibacterial cream.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"612 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77614564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.387
A. Yaqub, Z. Iqbal, Nawaz Choudhry, A. Altaf, S. Ahmad, Muzaffar Majid, Lubna Liaqat
Ecofriendly natural dye was extracted ultrasonically from the red onion peel (Allium cepa). It is applied on silk fabric with and without bio-mordants. Bio-mordants used were tea leaves, tamarind, aloe vera and acacia bark ash. Colorfastness, color measurement and antibacterial properties were studied. Among colourfastness properties colourfastness to washing, light, heat, rubbing, seawater and dry-cleaning were studied. Dyed fabrics were also subjected to colour measurement values i.e Tristimulus properties (XYZ), Labs values and Munsell renotations (Hue,Vivideness and Chroma). Antibacterial properties against three strains of bacteria i.e escherichia coli, staphylococeus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa were also performed.
{"title":"Ultrasonic extraction of onion (Allium cepa) peel dye, its applications on silk fabric with bio-mordants and its antibacterial activity","authors":"A. Yaqub, Z. Iqbal, Nawaz Choudhry, A. Altaf, S. Ahmad, Muzaffar Majid, Lubna Liaqat","doi":"10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.387","url":null,"abstract":"Ecofriendly natural dye was extracted ultrasonically from the red onion peel (Allium cepa). It is applied on silk fabric with and without bio-mordants. Bio-mordants used were tea leaves, tamarind, aloe vera and acacia bark ash. Colorfastness, color measurement and antibacterial properties were studied. Among colourfastness properties colourfastness to washing, light, heat, rubbing, seawater and dry-cleaning were studied. Dyed fabrics were also subjected to colour measurement values i.e Tristimulus properties (XYZ), Labs values and Munsell renotations (Hue,Vivideness and Chroma). Antibacterial properties against three strains of bacteria i.e escherichia coli, staphylococeus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa were also performed.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86587975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.04
F. Alakbari
The oil formation volume factor with high accuracy method is a key role in the petroleum industry due to the wide use of it in the petroleum industry. It is readily obtained from laboratory PVT measurements or may be calculated from correlations such as Vasquez. Nevertheless, these measurements are either not available, or very costly to require. Thus, there is an essential need for a reliable method for obtaining the oil formation volume factor. The aim of this paper is predicting the oil formation volume factor using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Fuzzy Logic (FL) tools. It is worth noticing that a data set consisting 800 of laboratory measurements on oil formation volume factor was gathered from different published resources. The paper also will use the current available models presented in the literature for predicting the oil formation volume factor and compare the average percent error of these models with the new base models. The results obtained depicted that new models were able to find the oil formation volume factor with higher accuracy than the current models for predicting oil formation volume factor. It is conspicuous results that the Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) model with coefficient 0.994 and Fuzzy Logic (FL) with coefficient 0.9993 provide the oil formation volume factor. The new developed models from the ANN and Fl models outperformed the prior models for the oil formation volume factor. It is obviously observed that the new models can be used to predict the oil formation volume factor with a high accuracy as compared with the other models used to be calculated from correlations such as Vasquez and Beggs.
{"title":"Development the models of oil Formation volume factor using artificial neural networks and fuzzy logic models","authors":"F. Alakbari","doi":"10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.04","url":null,"abstract":"The oil formation volume factor with high accuracy method is a key role in the petroleum industry due to the wide use of it in the petroleum industry. It is readily obtained from laboratory PVT measurements or may be calculated from correlations such as Vasquez. Nevertheless, these measurements are either not available, or very costly to require. Thus, there is an essential need for a reliable method for obtaining the oil formation volume factor. The aim of this paper is predicting the oil formation volume factor using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Fuzzy Logic (FL) tools. It is worth noticing that a data set consisting 800 of laboratory measurements on oil formation volume factor was gathered from different published resources. The paper also will use the current available models presented in the literature for predicting the oil formation volume factor and compare the average percent error of these models with the new base models. The results obtained depicted that new models were able to find the oil formation volume factor with higher accuracy than the current models for predicting oil formation volume factor. It is conspicuous results that the Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) model with coefficient 0.994 and Fuzzy Logic (FL) with coefficient 0.9993 provide the oil formation volume factor. The new developed models from the ANN and Fl models outperformed the prior models for the oil formation volume factor. It is obviously observed that the new models can be used to predict the oil formation volume factor with a high accuracy as compared with the other models used to be calculated from correlations such as Vasquez and Beggs.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"4 1","pages":"4-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84420206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.371
M. Morillo, J. Rojas, Lequart, A. Lamarti, Patrick Martin
Steroidal alkaloids are secondary metabolites mainly isolated from species of Solanaceae and Liliaceae families that occurs mostly as glycoalkaloids. α-chaconine, α-solanine, solamargine and solasonine are among the steroidal glycoalkaloids commonly isolated from Solanum species. A number of investigations have demonstrated that steroidal glycoalkaloids exhibit a variety of biological and pharmacological activities such as antitumor, teratogenic, antifungal, antiviral, among others. However, these are toxic to many organisms and are generally considered to be defensive allelochemicals. To date, over 200 alkaloids have been isolated from many Solanum species, all of these possess the C27 cholestane skeleton and have been divided into five structural types; solanidine, spirosolanes, solacongestidine, solanocapsine, and jurbidine. In this regard, the steroidal C27 solasodine type alkaloids are considered as significant target of synthetic derivatives and have been investigated for more than 10 years in order to obtain new physiologically active steroids. It is important to state that the wide range of biological activities and the low amount available from natural sources, make relevant to obtained these metabolites by synthetic pathway.
{"title":"Natural and Synthetic Derivatives of the Steroidal Glycoalkaloids of Solanum Genus and Biological Activity","authors":"M. Morillo, J. Rojas, Lequart, A. Lamarti, Patrick Martin","doi":"10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.371","url":null,"abstract":"Steroidal alkaloids are secondary metabolites mainly isolated from species of Solanaceae and Liliaceae families that occurs mostly as glycoalkaloids. α-chaconine, α-solanine, solamargine and solasonine are among the steroidal glycoalkaloids commonly isolated from Solanum species. A number of investigations have demonstrated that steroidal glycoalkaloids exhibit a variety of biological and pharmacological activities such as antitumor, teratogenic, antifungal, antiviral, among others. However, these are toxic to many organisms and are generally considered to be defensive allelochemicals. To date, over 200 alkaloids have been isolated from many Solanum species, all of these possess the C27 cholestane skeleton and have been divided into five structural types; solanidine, spirosolanes, solacongestidine, solanocapsine, and jurbidine. In this regard, the steroidal C27 solasodine type alkaloids are considered as significant target of synthetic derivatives and have been investigated for more than 10 years in order to obtain new physiologically active steroids. It is important to state that the wide range of biological activities and the low amount available from natural sources, make relevant to obtained these metabolites by synthetic pathway.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81961784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.375
Mohamed Nm, Malak Lg, Ross Sa
Background and objective: Inflammation has been studied for thousands of years in an effort to mitigate its negative effects on the body. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs were the primary concern in monoterpenes. Monoterpenes have been recognized for their ability to suppress inflammatory process and modulate the vital chemical mediators of inflammation, such as pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. This study aimed to isolate the secondary metabolites of Lantana montevidensis (Verbenaceae) flowers and evaluate their in vitro antiinflammatory activity. Material and methods: Anti-inflammatory activity was done using TNF-α ELISA and NF-κB reporter gene assays. Results and discussion: As a result, seven compounds were isolated and identified, in which three of them were reported for the first time from genus Lantana. For the TNF-α ELISA assay, compound 1 significantly reduced the level of TNF-α (83.5 pg/mL), while compounds 2 and 3 showed moderate inhibition to TNF-α level (144.7 ± 7.43 and146.2 ± 5.27 pg/mL respectively). In addition, the NF-κB reporter gene assay revealed that the tested compounds (1-2) inhibited the relative NF-κB activity which was induced by TNF-α (0.41 ± 0.01 and 0.47 ± 0.01, respectively). Staursporine was used as a positive control in both assays. Conclusion: Linalool glycosides isolated from flowers of L. montevidensis exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the TNF-α level and inhibition of NF-κB pathway.
{"title":"Linalool Glycosides from Flowers of Lantana montevidensis with Promising AntiInflammatory Potentials","authors":"Mohamed Nm, Malak Lg, Ross Sa","doi":"10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.375","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: Inflammation has been studied for thousands of years in an effort to mitigate its negative effects on the body. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs were the primary concern in monoterpenes. Monoterpenes have been recognized for their ability to suppress inflammatory process and modulate the vital chemical mediators of inflammation, such as pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. This study aimed to isolate the secondary metabolites of Lantana montevidensis (Verbenaceae) flowers and evaluate their in vitro antiinflammatory activity. Material and methods: Anti-inflammatory activity was done using TNF-α ELISA and NF-κB reporter gene assays. Results and discussion: As a result, seven compounds were isolated and identified, in which three of them were reported for the first time from genus Lantana. For the TNF-α ELISA assay, compound 1 significantly reduced the level of TNF-α (83.5 pg/mL), while compounds 2 and 3 showed moderate inhibition to TNF-α level (144.7 ± 7.43 and146.2 ± 5.27 pg/mL respectively). In addition, the NF-κB reporter gene assay revealed that the tested compounds (1-2) inhibited the relative NF-κB activity which was induced by TNF-α (0.41 ± 0.01 and 0.47 ± 0.01, respectively). Staursporine was used as a positive control in both assays. Conclusion: Linalool glycosides isolated from flowers of L. montevidensis exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the TNF-α level and inhibition of NF-κB pathway.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81207458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2329-6836.20.8.370
Y. Belete, K. Wondu, H. Wiedenfeld, A. Debella
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are phytotoxins produced by plants as a secondary metabolite against herbivores. PAs account for acute hepatotoxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic effects in humans and animals. In vivo PA intoxications of humans and animals are well documented all over the globe. The current study investigated the toxicological chemical make-up of Ageratum conyzoides L, collected from North Western Zones of Tigray region of Ethiopia, where episodic outbreak of hepatic veno-occlusive disease (HVOD) occurred. During the episodic outbreak multiple hundred deaths were reported due to PAs intoxications. PAs contamination occurred through food items such as millet in the farm fields. This study has led to take interventional measures against the causative agents to cease the morbidity and mortality. The identified PAs possesses the 1:2 double bond in the pyrrole ring necessary for in vivo activation and subsequent liver intoxications. The presence of Angeloyl-platynecine, Angeloyl-retronecine, and the macrocyclic, Seneciphylline alkaloids in A. conyzoides L. is not known previously. Isolation of the different PAs were realized by column chromatography (CC) with silica gel, sephadex-LH-20 for size exclusion CC and cationexchanger (CE). PA detection was performed by TLC with Ehrlich reaction method of Mattocks and their identification with gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) equipped with standard PAs library. PA containing plants and compounds should be under the watchlist to prevent similar outbreaks worldwide.
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