Pub Date : 2024-12-02DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01581-1
Noriaki Horiuchi
Daniel Mittleman spoke with Nature Photonics about promising applications using terahertz waves, including spectroscopy, imaging, wireless communications, and quality control in industry.
Daniel Mittleman在接受Nature Photonics采访时谈到了太赫兹波在光谱学、成像、无线通信和工业质量控制等方面的应用前景。
{"title":"Terahertz matters","authors":"Noriaki Horiuchi","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01581-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01581-1","url":null,"abstract":"Daniel Mittleman spoke with Nature Photonics about promising applications using terahertz waves, including spectroscopy, imaging, wireless communications, and quality control in industry.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 12","pages":"1226-1227"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142760458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-02DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01569-x
Gert-Jan A. H. Wetzelaer
Light upconversion and bistable optical switching is achieved via positive photonic feedback by integrating a photoactive layer with a tandem OLED.
光上转换和双稳态光开关是通过集成光活性层和串联OLED的正光子反馈实现的。
{"title":"Switching it up","authors":"Gert-Jan A. H. Wetzelaer","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01569-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01569-x","url":null,"abstract":"Light upconversion and bistable optical switching is achieved via positive photonic feedback by integrating a photoactive layer with a tandem OLED.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 12","pages":"1238-1239"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142760355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-02DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01572-2
Mohammed Th. Hassan
A new attosecond metrology technique for studying light–molecule interactions in liquids may open the door for variety of attosecond applications in chemistry and biology.
一种新的用于研究液体中光分子相互作用的阿秒计量技术可能为阿秒在化学和生物学中的各种应用打开大门。
{"title":"Scrutinizing liquid molecules","authors":"Mohammed Th. Hassan","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01572-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01572-2","url":null,"abstract":"A new attosecond metrology technique for studying light–molecule interactions in liquids may open the door for variety of attosecond applications in chemistry and biology.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 12","pages":"1234-1235"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142760555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-02DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01584-y
Mohamad Hossein Idjadi, Firooz Aflatouni
Implementing stable lasers often requires complex packaging of multiple devices, such as stand-alone external cavities and isolators. Now, stabilizing and isolating lasers can be realized in a single silicon chip thanks to the Kerr nonlinear effect in a resonator.
{"title":"Two in one","authors":"Mohamad Hossein Idjadi, Firooz Aflatouni","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01584-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01584-y","url":null,"abstract":"Implementing stable lasers often requires complex packaging of multiple devices, such as stand-alone external cavities and isolators. Now, stabilizing and isolating lasers can be realized in a single silicon chip thanks to the Kerr nonlinear effect in a resonator.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 12","pages":"1236-1237"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142760354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-02DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01576-y
Stéphane Berciaud
Picosecond pulses of terahertz light used for rapid and reversible switching of charged excitons (trions) into neutral excitons in a two-dimensional semiconductor open perspectives for high-speed optoelectronic devices and fundamental studies of new electronic phases of matter.
{"title":"Discharging excitons: fast and at will","authors":"Stéphane Berciaud","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01576-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01576-y","url":null,"abstract":"Picosecond pulses of terahertz light used for rapid and reversible switching of charged excitons (trions) into neutral excitons in a two-dimensional semiconductor open perspectives for high-speed optoelectronic devices and fundamental studies of new electronic phases of matter.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 12","pages":"1228-1229"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142760356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-27DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01573-1
Jingyang Zhou, Jia Su, Junyu Guan, Yichen Yang, Wentao Ji, Mengqi Wang, Fazhan Shi, Kangwei Xia, Ya Wang, Jiangfeng Du
In the era of digital information, realizing efficient and durable data storage solutions is paramount. Innovations in storage capacity, data throughput, device lifespan and energy consumption are pressing necessities for the continuous progression of practical digital data storage technologies. Here we present a diamond storage medium that exploits fluorescent vacancy centres as robust storage units and provides a high storage density of 14.8 Tbit cm−3, a short write time of 200 fs and an estimated ultralong maintenance-free lifespan on the scale of millions of years. High-speed readout through plane and volume imaging is demonstrated with a high fidelity exceeding 99%, showing that the approach addresses the practical demands of digital data storage and provides a promising solution for future storage requirements. A diamond storage medium that uses fluorescent vacancy centres as robust storage units provides a high storage density of 14.8 Tbit cm−3.
{"title":"Terabit-scale high-fidelity diamond data storage","authors":"Jingyang Zhou, Jia Su, Junyu Guan, Yichen Yang, Wentao Ji, Mengqi Wang, Fazhan Shi, Kangwei Xia, Ya Wang, Jiangfeng Du","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01573-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01573-1","url":null,"abstract":"In the era of digital information, realizing efficient and durable data storage solutions is paramount. Innovations in storage capacity, data throughput, device lifespan and energy consumption are pressing necessities for the continuous progression of practical digital data storage technologies. Here we present a diamond storage medium that exploits fluorescent vacancy centres as robust storage units and provides a high storage density of 14.8 Tbit cm−3, a short write time of 200 fs and an estimated ultralong maintenance-free lifespan on the scale of millions of years. High-speed readout through plane and volume imaging is demonstrated with a high fidelity exceeding 99%, showing that the approach addresses the practical demands of digital data storage and provides a promising solution for future storage requirements. A diamond storage medium that uses fluorescent vacancy centres as robust storage units provides a high storage density of 14.8 Tbit cm−3.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 12","pages":"1327-1334"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142718257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-26DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01565-1
Deric Session, Mahmoud Jalali Mehrabad, Nikil Paithankar, Tobias Grass, Christian J. Eckhardt, Bin Cao, Daniel Gustavo Suárez Forero, Kevin Li, Mohammad S. Alam, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Glenn S. Solomon, Nathan Schine, Jay Sau, Roman Sordan, Mohammad Hafezi
A fundamental requirement for quantum technologies is the ability to coherently control the interaction between electrons and photons. However, in many scenarios involving the interaction between light and matter, the exchange of linear or angular momentum between electrons and photons is not feasible, a condition known as the dipole approximation limit. An example of a case beyond this limit that has remained experimentally elusive is when the interplay between chiral electrons and vortex light is considered, where the orbital angular momentum of light can be transferred to electrons. Here we present a mechanism for such an orbital angular momentum transfer from optical vortex beams to electronic quantum Hall states. Specifically, we identify a robust contribution to the radial photocurrent, in an annular graphene sample within the quantum Hall regime, that depends on the vorticity of light. This phenomenon can be interpreted as an optical pumping scheme, where the angular momentum of photons is transferred to electrons, generating a radial current, and the current direction is determined by the vorticity of the light. Our findings offer fundamental insights into the optical probing and manipulation of quantum coherence, with wide-ranging implications for advancing quantum coherent optoelectronics. Orbital angular momentum transfer from optical vortex beams to electronic quantum Hall states is reported in a graphene sheet, showing a robust contribution to the radial photocurrent that depends on the vorticity of light.
{"title":"Optical pumping of electronic quantum Hall states with vortex light","authors":"Deric Session, Mahmoud Jalali Mehrabad, Nikil Paithankar, Tobias Grass, Christian J. Eckhardt, Bin Cao, Daniel Gustavo Suárez Forero, Kevin Li, Mohammad S. Alam, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Glenn S. Solomon, Nathan Schine, Jay Sau, Roman Sordan, Mohammad Hafezi","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01565-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01565-1","url":null,"abstract":"A fundamental requirement for quantum technologies is the ability to coherently control the interaction between electrons and photons. However, in many scenarios involving the interaction between light and matter, the exchange of linear or angular momentum between electrons and photons is not feasible, a condition known as the dipole approximation limit. An example of a case beyond this limit that has remained experimentally elusive is when the interplay between chiral electrons and vortex light is considered, where the orbital angular momentum of light can be transferred to electrons. Here we present a mechanism for such an orbital angular momentum transfer from optical vortex beams to electronic quantum Hall states. Specifically, we identify a robust contribution to the radial photocurrent, in an annular graphene sample within the quantum Hall regime, that depends on the vorticity of light. This phenomenon can be interpreted as an optical pumping scheme, where the angular momentum of photons is transferred to electrons, generating a radial current, and the current direction is determined by the vorticity of the light. Our findings offer fundamental insights into the optical probing and manipulation of quantum coherence, with wide-ranging implications for advancing quantum coherent optoelectronics. Orbital angular momentum transfer from optical vortex beams to electronic quantum Hall states is reported in a graphene sheet, showing a robust contribution to the radial photocurrent that depends on the vorticity of light.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"19 2","pages":"156-161"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142712783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-25DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01566-0
Jiawei Yan, Weilun Qin, Ye Chen, Winfried Decking, Philipp Dijkstal, Marc Guetg, Ichiro Inoue, Naresh Kujala, Shan Liu, Tianyun Long, Najmeh Mirian, Gianluca Geloni
Ångstrom and attosecond are the fundamental spatiotemporal scales for electron dynamics in various materials. Although attosecond pulses with wavelengths comparable to the atomic scales are expected to be a key tool in advancing attosecond science, producing high-power hard X-ray attosecond pulses at ångstrom wavelengths remains a formidable challenge. Here, we report the generation of terawatt-scale attosecond hard X-ray pulses using a free-electron laser in a special operation mode. We achieved 9 keV single-spike X-ray pulses with a mean pulse energy of around 180 μJ, exceeding previous reports by more than an order of magnitude, and an estimated average pulse duration of 200 as at full-width at half-maximum. Exploiting the unique capability of the European XFEL, which can deliver ten pulse trains per second with each containing hundreds of pulses at megahertz repetition rates, this study demonstrates the generation of attosecond X-ray pulses at a 2.25 MHz repetition rate. These intense high-repetition-rate attosecond X-ray pulses present transformative prospects for structural and electronic damage-free X-ray measurements and attosecond time-resolved X-ray methodologies, heralding a new era in ultrafast X-ray science. Using the European XFEL free-electron laser, researchers demonstrate terawatt-scale, attosecond hard X-ray pulses. Ten pulse trains per second, each containing hundreds of pulses at megahertz repetition rates, are achieved. Such short and intense pulses at high repetition rate enable unprecedented damage-free X-ray measurements with attosecond temporal resolution.
埃秒和阿秒是各种材料中电子动力学的基本时空尺度。尽管波长与原子尺度相当的阿秒脉冲有望成为推动阿秒科学发展的关键工具，但在埃秒波长上产生大功率硬 X 射线阿秒脉冲仍然是一项艰巨的挑战。在此，我们报告了使用自由电子激光器在特殊运行模式下产生太瓦级阿秒硬 X 射线脉冲的情况。我们获得了 9 keV 的单尖峰 X 射线脉冲，其平均脉冲能量约为 180 μJ，比之前的报道高出一个数量级以上，估计平均脉冲持续时间为 200 秒（全宽半最大值）。欧洲 XFEL 每秒可产生十个脉冲串，每个脉冲串包含数百个百万赫兹重复率的脉冲，本研究利用这一独特能力，展示了以 2.25 MHz 重复率产生的阿秒 X 射线脉冲。这些强烈的高重复率阿秒 X 射线脉冲为结构和电子无损伤 X 射线测量以及阿秒时间分辨 X 射线方法带来了变革性的前景，预示着超快 X 射线科学进入了一个新时代。
{"title":"Terawatt-attosecond hard X-ray free-electron laser at high repetition rate","authors":"Jiawei Yan, Weilun Qin, Ye Chen, Winfried Decking, Philipp Dijkstal, Marc Guetg, Ichiro Inoue, Naresh Kujala, Shan Liu, Tianyun Long, Najmeh Mirian, Gianluca Geloni","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01566-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01566-0","url":null,"abstract":"Ångstrom and attosecond are the fundamental spatiotemporal scales for electron dynamics in various materials. Although attosecond pulses with wavelengths comparable to the atomic scales are expected to be a key tool in advancing attosecond science, producing high-power hard X-ray attosecond pulses at ångstrom wavelengths remains a formidable challenge. Here, we report the generation of terawatt-scale attosecond hard X-ray pulses using a free-electron laser in a special operation mode. We achieved 9 keV single-spike X-ray pulses with a mean pulse energy of around 180 μJ, exceeding previous reports by more than an order of magnitude, and an estimated average pulse duration of 200 as at full-width at half-maximum. Exploiting the unique capability of the European XFEL, which can deliver ten pulse trains per second with each containing hundreds of pulses at megahertz repetition rates, this study demonstrates the generation of attosecond X-ray pulses at a 2.25 MHz repetition rate. These intense high-repetition-rate attosecond X-ray pulses present transformative prospects for structural and electronic damage-free X-ray measurements and attosecond time-resolved X-ray methodologies, heralding a new era in ultrafast X-ray science. Using the European XFEL free-electron laser, researchers demonstrate terawatt-scale, attosecond hard X-ray pulses. Ten pulse trains per second, each containing hundreds of pulses at megahertz repetition rates, are achieved. Such short and intense pulses at high repetition rate enable unprecedented damage-free X-ray measurements with attosecond temporal resolution.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 12","pages":"1293-1298"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41566-024-01566-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142697110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vortex phenomena are ubiquitous in nature. In optics, despite the availability of numerous techniques for vortex generation and detection, topological protection of vortex transport with desired orbital angular momentum (OAM) remains a challenge. Here, by use of topological disclination, we demonstrate a scheme to confine and guide vortices featuring arbitrary high-order charges. Such a scheme relies on twofold topological protection: a non-trivial winding in momentum space due to chiral symmetry, and a non-trivial winding in real space due to the complex coupling of OAM modes across the disclination structure. We unveil a vorticity-coordinated rotational symmetry, which sets up a universal relation between the vortex topological charge and the rotational symmetry order of the system. As an example, we construct photonic disclination lattices with a single core but different Cn symmetries and achieve robust transport of an optical vortex with preserved OAM solely corresponding to one selected zero-energy vortex mode at the mid-gap. Furthermore, we show that such topological structures can be used for vortex filtering to extract a chosen OAM mode from mixed excitations. Our results illustrate the fundamental interplay of vorticity, disclination and higher-order topology, which may open a new pathway for the development of OAM-based photonic devices such as vortex guides, fibres and lasers. Topological protection in disclination lattices that relies on non-trivial winding in momentum space and real space is used to confine and guide vortices that feature arbitrary high-order charges. This approach could help in the development of orbital angular momentum-based photonic devices.
{"title":"Topological orbital angular momentum extraction and twofold protection of vortex transport","authors":"Zhichan Hu, Domenico Bongiovanni, Ziteng Wang, Xiangdong Wang, Daohong Song, Jingjun Xu, Roberto Morandotti, Hrvoje Buljan, Zhigang Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01564-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01564-2","url":null,"abstract":"Vortex phenomena are ubiquitous in nature. In optics, despite the availability of numerous techniques for vortex generation and detection, topological protection of vortex transport with desired orbital angular momentum (OAM) remains a challenge. Here, by use of topological disclination, we demonstrate a scheme to confine and guide vortices featuring arbitrary high-order charges. Such a scheme relies on twofold topological protection: a non-trivial winding in momentum space due to chiral symmetry, and a non-trivial winding in real space due to the complex coupling of OAM modes across the disclination structure. We unveil a vorticity-coordinated rotational symmetry, which sets up a universal relation between the vortex topological charge and the rotational symmetry order of the system. As an example, we construct photonic disclination lattices with a single core but different Cn symmetries and achieve robust transport of an optical vortex with preserved OAM solely corresponding to one selected zero-energy vortex mode at the mid-gap. Furthermore, we show that such topological structures can be used for vortex filtering to extract a chosen OAM mode from mixed excitations. Our results illustrate the fundamental interplay of vorticity, disclination and higher-order topology, which may open a new pathway for the development of OAM-based photonic devices such as vortex guides, fibres and lasers. Topological protection in disclination lattices that relies on non-trivial winding in momentum space and real space is used to confine and guide vortices that feature arbitrary high-order charges. This approach could help in the development of orbital angular momentum-based photonic devices.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"19 2","pages":"162-169"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41566-024-01564-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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