Pub Date : 2025-10-31DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02470-3
Bianca Carducci, Jose Rafael Guarin, Kevin Karl, Lewis Ziska, Meijian Yang, Jessica Fanzo, Jonas Jägermeyr, Alex C. Ruane, Gerrit Hoogenboom, Mario Herrero, Erik Mencos Contreras, Natalie Kozlowski, Cynthia Rosenzweig
Micronutrient deficiencies from poor dietary diversity remain a global health challenge. This issue is exacerbated by climate change-driven extreme weather events that impact crop quantity and quality. While process-based crop models effectively simulate plant nutrient (N, P, K) dynamics for productivity projections, they lack the ability to assess crop nutritional content. This Perspective proposes a framework for integrating nutrient dynamics into crop models for informing nutrition security strategies amid climate change. We delineate key biological pathways influencing nutrient uptake, translocation and density in response to elevated CO2, temperature and low precipitation. We highlight the scarcity of comprehensive datasets, underscoring the need for urgent, collaborative research to amass foundational data and models to ensure nutritional integrity in an uncertain climate. Climate change influences not only crop yields but also crop nutritional content, which is currently not simulated by process-based crop models. This Perspective proposes a way forward to integrate nutrients into crop models to assess climate impacts and highlights data needs.
{"title":"Anticipating climate impacts on nutrition through climate–crop nutrient modelling","authors":"Bianca Carducci, Jose Rafael Guarin, Kevin Karl, Lewis Ziska, Meijian Yang, Jessica Fanzo, Jonas Jägermeyr, Alex C. Ruane, Gerrit Hoogenboom, Mario Herrero, Erik Mencos Contreras, Natalie Kozlowski, Cynthia Rosenzweig","doi":"10.1038/s41558-025-02470-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-025-02470-3","url":null,"abstract":"Micronutrient deficiencies from poor dietary diversity remain a global health challenge. This issue is exacerbated by climate change-driven extreme weather events that impact crop quantity and quality. While process-based crop models effectively simulate plant nutrient (N, P, K) dynamics for productivity projections, they lack the ability to assess crop nutritional content. This Perspective proposes a framework for integrating nutrient dynamics into crop models for informing nutrition security strategies amid climate change. We delineate key biological pathways influencing nutrient uptake, translocation and density in response to elevated CO2, temperature and low precipitation. We highlight the scarcity of comprehensive datasets, underscoring the need for urgent, collaborative research to amass foundational data and models to ensure nutritional integrity in an uncertain climate. Climate change influences not only crop yields but also crop nutritional content, which is currently not simulated by process-based crop models. This Perspective proposes a way forward to integrate nutrients into crop models to assess climate impacts and highlights data needs.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"15 11","pages":"1165-1172"},"PeriodicalIF":27.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145404535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-31DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02475-y
Mette Eilstrup-Sangiovanni, Nina Hall, Lisa Vanhala, Joana Setzer, Ian Higham, Harro van Asselt
Restrictions on civil society may drive climate activists to shift from protest to litigation. However, challenges to judicial independence, deregulation and anti-climate litigation mean that activists need to consider the conditions under which litigation leads to strengthened climate ambition and implementation.
{"title":"Reorienting climate litigation in a time of backlash","authors":"Mette Eilstrup-Sangiovanni, Nina Hall, Lisa Vanhala, Joana Setzer, Ian Higham, Harro van Asselt","doi":"10.1038/s41558-025-02475-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-025-02475-y","url":null,"abstract":"Restrictions on civil society may drive climate activists to shift from protest to litigation. However, challenges to judicial independence, deregulation and anti-climate litigation mean that activists need to consider the conditions under which litigation leads to strengthened climate ambition and implementation.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"15 11","pages":"1133-1135"},"PeriodicalIF":27.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145404534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-28DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02465-0
A human-driven increase in upwelling of carbon-rich deep waters threatens the efficiency of the Southern Ocean carbon sink, which substantially mitigates global warming. Long-term observations reveal that surface freshening since the 1990s has acted as a barrier, preventing CO2 release to the atmosphere and, temporarily, preserving the Southern Ocean’s role in slowing down climate change.
{"title":"Fresher waters in the Southern Ocean trapped CO2 at depth for decades","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41558-025-02465-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-025-02465-0","url":null,"abstract":"A human-driven increase in upwelling of carbon-rich deep waters threatens the efficiency of the Southern Ocean carbon sink, which substantially mitigates global warming. Long-term observations reveal that surface freshening since the 1990s has acted as a barrier, preventing CO2 release to the atmosphere and, temporarily, preserving the Southern Ocean’s role in slowing down climate change.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"15 11","pages":"1152-1153"},"PeriodicalIF":27.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145381939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-24DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02452-5
Alexander Nauels, Zebedee Nicholls, Tessa Möller, Tim H. J. Hermans, Matthias Mengel, Uta Kloenne, Chris Smith, Aimée B. A. Slangen, Matthew D. Palmer
Sea levels respond to climate change on timescales from decades to millennia. To isolate the sea-level contribution of historical and near-term GHG emissions, we use a dedicated scenario and modelling framework to quantify global and regional sea-level rise commitments of twenty-first century cumulative emissions. Under current climate policies, emissions until 2050 lock in 0.3 m (likely range 0.2–0.5 m) more global mean sea-level rise by 2300 than historical emissions until 2020. This additional commitment would grow to 0.8 m (0.5–1.4 m) for emissions until 2090, of which 0.6 m (0.4–1.1 m) could be avoided under very stringent mitigation. Resulting regional commitments would be around 10% higher than the global signal for the vulnerable Pacific region, mainly due to higher relative Antarctic contributions. Our work shows that multi-century sea-level rise commitments are strongly controlled by mitigation decisions in coming decades. It is important to understand how much long-term sea-level rise is already committed due to historical and near-term emissions. Here the authors use a modelling framework to show how decisions on global emissions reductions in the coming decades alter multi-century sea-level rise projections.
{"title":"Multi-century global and regional sea-level rise commitments from cumulative greenhouse gas emissions in the coming decades","authors":"Alexander Nauels, Zebedee Nicholls, Tessa Möller, Tim H. J. Hermans, Matthias Mengel, Uta Kloenne, Chris Smith, Aimée B. A. Slangen, Matthew D. Palmer","doi":"10.1038/s41558-025-02452-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-025-02452-5","url":null,"abstract":"Sea levels respond to climate change on timescales from decades to millennia. To isolate the sea-level contribution of historical and near-term GHG emissions, we use a dedicated scenario and modelling framework to quantify global and regional sea-level rise commitments of twenty-first century cumulative emissions. Under current climate policies, emissions until 2050 lock in 0.3 m (likely range 0.2–0.5 m) more global mean sea-level rise by 2300 than historical emissions until 2020. This additional commitment would grow to 0.8 m (0.5–1.4 m) for emissions until 2090, of which 0.6 m (0.4–1.1 m) could be avoided under very stringent mitigation. Resulting regional commitments would be around 10% higher than the global signal for the vulnerable Pacific region, mainly due to higher relative Antarctic contributions. Our work shows that multi-century sea-level rise commitments are strongly controlled by mitigation decisions in coming decades. It is important to understand how much long-term sea-level rise is already committed due to historical and near-term emissions. Here the authors use a modelling framework to show how decisions on global emissions reductions in the coming decades alter multi-century sea-level rise projections.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"15 11","pages":"1198-1204"},"PeriodicalIF":27.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-025-02452-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145382372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-23DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02464-1
Zhengke Li, Yong Zhang, Andrew J. Irwin, Zoe V. Finkel
Marine diatoms are responsible for about 20% of global primary productivity, yet their capability to adapt to long-term climate warming remains uncertain. Here we show that thermal stress induces polyploidization in the model diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana, and the polyploids (having more than two sets of chromosomes) adapt faster to elevated temperature compared with their diploid ancestor. Common molecular signatures underlying thermal adaptation in the polyploids included differential regulation of the cell cycle, responses to oxidative stress, cell wall biosynthesis and nutrient assimilation. Our findings indicate that polyploidization in diatoms may occur under thermal stress, triggering diverse changes in differential expression and accelerating evolutionary responses to temperature shifts. Polyploidization may be partially responsible for the past evolutionary success of diatoms and may provide an advantage to diatoms in a rapidly changing climate. The authors obtained large-volume individuals of diatom cultures under thermal stress. These polyploids (having more than two sets of chromosomes) are shown to rapidly adapt to high temperatures, highlighting polyploidization as a possible adaptive measure for diatoms under climate change.
{"title":"Polyploidization in diatoms accelerates adaptation to warming","authors":"Zhengke Li, Yong Zhang, Andrew J. Irwin, Zoe V. Finkel","doi":"10.1038/s41558-025-02464-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-025-02464-1","url":null,"abstract":"Marine diatoms are responsible for about 20% of global primary productivity, yet their capability to adapt to long-term climate warming remains uncertain. Here we show that thermal stress induces polyploidization in the model diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana, and the polyploids (having more than two sets of chromosomes) adapt faster to elevated temperature compared with their diploid ancestor. Common molecular signatures underlying thermal adaptation in the polyploids included differential regulation of the cell cycle, responses to oxidative stress, cell wall biosynthesis and nutrient assimilation. Our findings indicate that polyploidization in diatoms may occur under thermal stress, triggering diverse changes in differential expression and accelerating evolutionary responses to temperature shifts. Polyploidization may be partially responsible for the past evolutionary success of diatoms and may provide an advantage to diatoms in a rapidly changing climate. The authors obtained large-volume individuals of diatom cultures under thermal stress. These polyploids (having more than two sets of chromosomes) are shown to rapidly adapt to high temperatures, highlighting polyploidization as a possible adaptive measure for diatoms under climate change.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"15 11","pages":"1241-1248"},"PeriodicalIF":27.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145381707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-23DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02454-3
Peng Jin
Marine diatoms, tiny algae that underpin ocean food webs, face rising ocean temperatures. Now, a study shows that genome duplication helps diatoms adapt faster to warming, reshaping our understanding of phytoplankton resilience in a changing ocean.
{"title":"Duplicating genomes to survive the heat","authors":"Peng Jin","doi":"10.1038/s41558-025-02454-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-025-02454-3","url":null,"abstract":"Marine diatoms, tiny algae that underpin ocean food webs, face rising ocean temperatures. Now, a study shows that genome duplication helps diatoms adapt faster to warming, reshaping our understanding of phytoplankton resilience in a changing ocean.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"15 11","pages":"1146-1147"},"PeriodicalIF":27.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145382097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-23DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02467-y
Saphira Rekker, Kaya Axelsson, Anders Bjørn, Chris Greig, Richard Heede, Matthew J. Hornsey, Jacquelyn E. Humphrey, Matthew Ives, David Kampmann, Mark Roelfsema, Adrien Rose, Sue-Lyn Stubbs, Belinda Wade
Standardized quantitative emissions benchmarking is essential for corporate climate accountability, yet recent literature has critiqued this approach. We argue for structured pluralism with budget compliance — balancing methodological flexibility while preserving the disciplining power of carbon budgets.
{"title":"Balancing simplicity and complexity through corporate emissions benchmarking","authors":"Saphira Rekker, Kaya Axelsson, Anders Bjørn, Chris Greig, Richard Heede, Matthew J. Hornsey, Jacquelyn E. Humphrey, Matthew Ives, David Kampmann, Mark Roelfsema, Adrien Rose, Sue-Lyn Stubbs, Belinda Wade","doi":"10.1038/s41558-025-02467-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-025-02467-y","url":null,"abstract":"Standardized quantitative emissions benchmarking is essential for corporate climate accountability, yet recent literature has critiqued this approach. We argue for structured pluralism with budget compliance — balancing methodological flexibility while preserving the disciplining power of carbon budgets.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"15 11","pages":"1127-1129"},"PeriodicalIF":27.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145382354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-22DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02459-y
John E. T. Bistline, Asa Watten
{"title":"Emissions reductions of rooftop solar are overstated by approaches that inadequately capture substitution effects","authors":"John E. T. Bistline, Asa Watten","doi":"10.1038/s41558-025-02459-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-025-02459-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"15 11","pages":"1173-1175"},"PeriodicalIF":27.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145381708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-20DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02456-1
Bridging traditional disciplinary silos, a study has mapped cascading climate risks to the European Union through stakeholder-co-produced impact chains and network analysis. It provides country-specific risk profiles by identifying critical intervention points — such as water, livelihoods or violent conflict — to support policy coherence in addressing interconnected vulnerabilities and guiding targeted adaptation.
{"title":"Identifying critical intervention points for the prevention of cascading climate impacts","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41558-025-02456-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-025-02456-1","url":null,"abstract":"Bridging traditional disciplinary silos, a study has mapped cascading climate risks to the European Union through stakeholder-co-produced impact chains and network analysis. It provides country-specific risk profiles by identifying critical intervention points — such as water, livelihoods or violent conflict — to support policy coherence in addressing interconnected vulnerabilities and guiding targeted adaptation.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"15 11","pages":"1154-1155"},"PeriodicalIF":27.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145381709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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