Pub Date : 2025-01-02DOI: 10.1038/s41558-024-02203-y
Climate-sensitive disturbances impact ecosystem productivity and carbon uptake. We found that the sensitivity of ecosystem productivity to disturbances differs between regions, with dryland ecosystems becoming more sensitive to water stress after disturbances, whereas wet regions become less sensitive. On average, ecosystem sensitivity requires approximately five years to recover to pre-disturbance levels.
{"title":"Dryland ecosystems become more sensitive to water stress after disturbances","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41558-024-02203-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-024-02203-y","url":null,"abstract":"Climate-sensitive disturbances impact ecosystem productivity and carbon uptake. We found that the sensitivity of ecosystem productivity to disturbances differs between regions, with dryland ecosystems becoming more sensitive to water stress after disturbances, whereas wet regions become less sensitive. On average, ecosystem sensitivity requires approximately five years to recover to pre-disturbance levels.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"15 1","pages":"27-28"},"PeriodicalIF":29.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Production of aluminium, one of the most energy-intensive metals, is challenging for mitigation efforts. Regional mitigation strategies often neglect the emissions patterns of individual smelters and fail to guide aluminium producers’ efforts to reduce GHG emissions. Here we build a global aluminium GHG emissions inventory (CEADs-AGE), which includes 249 aluminium smelters, representing 98% of global primary aluminium production and 280 associated fossil fuel-based captive power units. We find, despite the installation of more efficient and higher amperage cells, that the share of aluminium production powered by fossil fuel-based captive power units increased from 37% to 49% between 2012 and 2021. Retiring fossil fuel-based captive power plants 10 years ahead of schedule could reduce emissions intensity by 5.0–10.5 tCO2e per tonne of aluminium for dependent smelters. At least 18% of smelting capacity by 2040 and 67% by 2050 must be retrofitted with inert anode technology to achieve net-zero targets. The aluminium production process is energy intensive and individual smelters often depend on associated fossil fuel-based captive power units. With detailed global facility-level data, this research highlights the importance of early retirement of fossil fuel plants and retrofitting with inert anodes.
{"title":"Different technology packages for aluminium smelters worldwide to deliver the 1.5 °C target","authors":"Chang Tan, Xiang Yu, Dan Li, Tianyang Lei, Qi Hao, Dabo Guan","doi":"10.1038/s41558-024-02193-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-024-02193-x","url":null,"abstract":"Production of aluminium, one of the most energy-intensive metals, is challenging for mitigation efforts. Regional mitigation strategies often neglect the emissions patterns of individual smelters and fail to guide aluminium producers’ efforts to reduce GHG emissions. Here we build a global aluminium GHG emissions inventory (CEADs-AGE), which includes 249 aluminium smelters, representing 98% of global primary aluminium production and 280 associated fossil fuel-based captive power units. We find, despite the installation of more efficient and higher amperage cells, that the share of aluminium production powered by fossil fuel-based captive power units increased from 37% to 49% between 2012 and 2021. Retiring fossil fuel-based captive power plants 10 years ahead of schedule could reduce emissions intensity by 5.0–10.5 tCO2e per tonne of aluminium for dependent smelters. At least 18% of smelting capacity by 2040 and 67% by 2050 must be retrofitted with inert anode technology to achieve net-zero targets. The aluminium production process is energy intensive and individual smelters often depend on associated fossil fuel-based captive power units. With detailed global facility-level data, this research highlights the importance of early retirement of fossil fuel plants and retrofitting with inert anodes.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"15 1","pages":"51-58"},"PeriodicalIF":29.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-024-02193-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-30DOI: 10.1038/s41558-024-02220-x
Harald Winkler, Farhan Akhtar
The first global stocktake under the Paris Agreement to assess implementation and progress towards achieving its long-term goals was completed in 2023. Here we reflect on the process and findings of the technical dialogue, based on our experience as co-facilitators, and describe innovations in the process, technical findings and evidence-based policy-making following a learning-by-doing approach. We point to the technical dialogue’s 17 key findings, across the topics of context, mitigation, response measures, adaptation, loss and damage, means of implementation and support, and finance flows, which were informed by the best available science and equity considerations. We also consider how the key findings informed the political outcome of the global stocktake and highlight the importance of the technical dialogue for ratcheting up climate ambition across all topics. The first global stocktake marks an important step in enabling Parties to the Paris Agreement to enhance their climate actions and support with the aim of achieving long-term goals. Two co-facilitators of the technical dialogue discuss the process, findings, relationship with political outcomes and implications for future negotiations.
{"title":"Navigating the technical dialogue of the first global stocktake from process to findings","authors":"Harald Winkler, Farhan Akhtar","doi":"10.1038/s41558-024-02220-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-024-02220-x","url":null,"abstract":"The first global stocktake under the Paris Agreement to assess implementation and progress towards achieving its long-term goals was completed in 2023. Here we reflect on the process and findings of the technical dialogue, based on our experience as co-facilitators, and describe innovations in the process, technical findings and evidence-based policy-making following a learning-by-doing approach. We point to the technical dialogue’s 17 key findings, across the topics of context, mitigation, response measures, adaptation, loss and damage, means of implementation and support, and finance flows, which were informed by the best available science and equity considerations. We also consider how the key findings informed the political outcome of the global stocktake and highlight the importance of the technical dialogue for ratcheting up climate ambition across all topics. The first global stocktake marks an important step in enabling Parties to the Paris Agreement to enhance their climate actions and support with the aim of achieving long-term goals. Two co-facilitators of the technical dialogue discuss the process, findings, relationship with political outcomes and implications for future negotiations.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"15 1","pages":"37-43"},"PeriodicalIF":29.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-23DOI: 10.1038/s41558-024-02223-8
The recent COP29 barely reached a new climate finance target that leaves all parties wholeheartedly satisfied. However, even without perfect agreement, climate actions should not be delayed.
{"title":"Actions before agreement","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41558-024-02223-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-024-02223-8","url":null,"abstract":"The recent COP29 barely reached a new climate finance target that leaves all parties wholeheartedly satisfied. However, even without perfect agreement, climate actions should not be delayed.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":29.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-024-02223-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：