Pub Date : 2023-09-18DOI: 10.1038/s41558-023-01781-7
Diego Ellis-Soto, Martin Wikelski, Walter Jetz
As climate change transforms the biosphere, more comprehensive and biologically relevant measurements of changing conditions are needed. Traditional climate measurements are often constrained by geographically static, coarse, sparse and biased sampling, and only indirect links to ecological responses. Here we discuss how animal-borne sensors can deliver spatially fine-grain, biologically fine-tuned, relevant sampling of climatic conditions in support of ecological and climatic forecasting. Millions of fine-scale meteorological observations from over a thousand species have already been collected by animal-borne sensors. We highlight the opportunities that these growing data have for the intersection of biodiversity and climate science, particularly in terrestrial environments. Tagged animals worldwide could close critical data gaps, provide insights about changing ecosystems and broadly function as active environmental sentinels. In this Perspective, the authors highlight the potential of animal-borne sensors to overcome common limitations of traditional climate measurements. Animal-borne sensors can provide fine-grained and ecologically relevant sampling, and tagged animals could function as environmental sentinels worldwide.
{"title":"Animal-borne sensors as a biologically informed lens on a changing climate","authors":"Diego Ellis-Soto, Martin Wikelski, Walter Jetz","doi":"10.1038/s41558-023-01781-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-023-01781-7","url":null,"abstract":"As climate change transforms the biosphere, more comprehensive and biologically relevant measurements of changing conditions are needed. Traditional climate measurements are often constrained by geographically static, coarse, sparse and biased sampling, and only indirect links to ecological responses. Here we discuss how animal-borne sensors can deliver spatially fine-grain, biologically fine-tuned, relevant sampling of climatic conditions in support of ecological and climatic forecasting. Millions of fine-scale meteorological observations from over a thousand species have already been collected by animal-borne sensors. We highlight the opportunities that these growing data have for the intersection of biodiversity and climate science, particularly in terrestrial environments. Tagged animals worldwide could close critical data gaps, provide insights about changing ecosystems and broadly function as active environmental sentinels. In this Perspective, the authors highlight the potential of animal-borne sensors to overcome common limitations of traditional climate measurements. Animal-borne sensors can provide fine-grained and ecologically relevant sampling, and tagged animals could function as environmental sentinels worldwide.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"13 10","pages":"1042-1054"},"PeriodicalIF":30.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135151697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-18DOI: 10.1038/s41558-023-01798-y
Geoffroy Dolphin, Michael Pahle, Dallas Burtraw, Mirjam Kosch
Jurisdictions worldwide increasingly affirm their contributions to the Paris Agreement by pledging net-zero targets. We argue that delivering on net-zero targets compels a backward induction approach to climate policy, which stipulates that maximizing credibility should be the objective of policy pathways design. This implies choosing policies that strike a suitable balance between building commitment and attaining cost efficiency. Our argument rests on the premise that private investments play a key role for net zero, and that getting expectations right—through credible commitment to a policy pathway—is more relevant than getting the prices right to align the investments with net zero. We sketch the main elements for a regulatory strategy to put this approach into action. Net-zero pledges are emerging around the world, but to be consequential they must compel credibility as a core objective of climate policy design. This paper proposes an approach, named backward induction, that aims to maximize policy credibility by balancing building commitment and cost efficiency.
{"title":"A net-zero target compels a backward induction approach to climate policy","authors":"Geoffroy Dolphin, Michael Pahle, Dallas Burtraw, Mirjam Kosch","doi":"10.1038/s41558-023-01798-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-023-01798-y","url":null,"abstract":"Jurisdictions worldwide increasingly affirm their contributions to the Paris Agreement by pledging net-zero targets. We argue that delivering on net-zero targets compels a backward induction approach to climate policy, which stipulates that maximizing credibility should be the objective of policy pathways design. This implies choosing policies that strike a suitable balance between building commitment and attaining cost efficiency. Our argument rests on the premise that private investments play a key role for net zero, and that getting expectations right—through credible commitment to a policy pathway—is more relevant than getting the prices right to align the investments with net zero. We sketch the main elements for a regulatory strategy to put this approach into action. Net-zero pledges are emerging around the world, but to be consequential they must compel credibility as a core objective of climate policy design. This paper proposes an approach, named backward induction, that aims to maximize policy credibility by balancing building commitment and cost efficiency.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"13 10","pages":"1033-1041"},"PeriodicalIF":30.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135151702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.1038/s41558-023-01814-1
C. Watson, L. Gonzalez
The global stocktake seeks to enhance climate ambition through assessment and review of collective efforts every five years. A recent breakthrough in finance for addressing loss and damage is an opportunity to strengthen the finance agenda and rebuild much needed trust in the multilateral system.
{"title":"Accelerating finance for addressing loss and damage through the global stocktake","authors":"C. Watson, L. Gonzalez","doi":"10.1038/s41558-023-01814-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-023-01814-1","url":null,"abstract":"The global stocktake seeks to enhance climate ambition through assessment and review of collective efforts every five years. A recent breakthrough in finance for addressing loss and damage is an opportunity to strengthen the finance agenda and rebuild much needed trust in the multilateral system.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"13 10","pages":"1005-1006"},"PeriodicalIF":30.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134911112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.1038/s41558-023-01813-2
Lukas Hermwille, Adis Dzebo, Gabriela Ileana Iacobuţă, Wolfgang Obergassel
Better integration of climate action and sustainable development can help enhance the ambition of the next nationally determined contributions, as well as implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals. Governments should use this year as an opportunity to emphasize the links between climate and sustainable development.
{"title":"Global stocktake and the SDG midterm review as opportunities for integration","authors":"Lukas Hermwille, Adis Dzebo, Gabriela Ileana Iacobuţă, Wolfgang Obergassel","doi":"10.1038/s41558-023-01813-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-023-01813-2","url":null,"abstract":"Better integration of climate action and sustainable development can help enhance the ambition of the next nationally determined contributions, as well as implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals. Governments should use this year as an opportunity to emphasize the links between climate and sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"13 10","pages":"1002-1004"},"PeriodicalIF":30.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134911979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.1038/s41558-023-01825-y
A multi-model analysis shows that the incorporation of advances in damage functions — namely growth effects — substantially increases the social cost estimates of methane and nitrous oxide, although uncertainty remains.
{"title":"Upward revision of the social costs of methane and nitrous oxide","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41558-023-01825-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-023-01825-y","url":null,"abstract":"A multi-model analysis shows that the incorporation of advances in damage functions — namely growth effects — substantially increases the social cost estimates of methane and nitrous oxide, although uncertainty remains.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"13 11","pages":"1170-1171"},"PeriodicalIF":30.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134911248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.1038/s41558-023-01793-3
Wei Zhi, Christoph Klingler, Jiangtao Liu, Li Li
Deoxygenation is commonly observed in oceans and lakes but less expected in shallower, flowing rivers. Here we reconstructed daily water temperature and dissolved oxygen in 580 rivers across the United States and 216 rivers in Central Europe by training a deep learning model using temporal weather and water quality data and static watershed attributes (for example, hydro-climate, topography, land use, soil). Results revealed persistent warming in 87% and deoxygenation in 70% of the rivers. Urban rivers demonstrated the most rapid warming, whereas agricultural rivers experienced the slowest warming but fastest deoxygenation. Mean deoxygenation rates (−0.038 ± 0.026 mg l−1 decade−1) were higher than those in oceans but lower than those in temperate lakes. These rates, however, may be underestimated, as training data are from grab samples collected during the day when photosynthesis peaks. Projected future rates are between 1.6 and 2.5 times higher than historical rates, indicating significant ramifications for water quality and aquatic ecosystems. Warming waters in a changing climate have led to declining oxygen levels in oceans and lakes; the impact on rivers has been less clear. This study shows that widespread deoxygenation in rivers in the United States and Central Europe may accelerate under climate change and influence water quality.
{"title":"Widespread deoxygenation in warming rivers","authors":"Wei Zhi, Christoph Klingler, Jiangtao Liu, Li Li","doi":"10.1038/s41558-023-01793-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-023-01793-3","url":null,"abstract":"Deoxygenation is commonly observed in oceans and lakes but less expected in shallower, flowing rivers. Here we reconstructed daily water temperature and dissolved oxygen in 580 rivers across the United States and 216 rivers in Central Europe by training a deep learning model using temporal weather and water quality data and static watershed attributes (for example, hydro-climate, topography, land use, soil). Results revealed persistent warming in 87% and deoxygenation in 70% of the rivers. Urban rivers demonstrated the most rapid warming, whereas agricultural rivers experienced the slowest warming but fastest deoxygenation. Mean deoxygenation rates (−0.038 ± 0.026 mg l−1 decade−1) were higher than those in oceans but lower than those in temperate lakes. These rates, however, may be underestimated, as training data are from grab samples collected during the day when photosynthesis peaks. Projected future rates are between 1.6 and 2.5 times higher than historical rates, indicating significant ramifications for water quality and aquatic ecosystems. Warming waters in a changing climate have led to declining oxygen levels in oceans and lakes; the impact on rivers has been less clear. This study shows that widespread deoxygenation in rivers in the United States and Central Europe may accelerate under climate change and influence water quality.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"13 10","pages":"1105-1113"},"PeriodicalIF":30.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135487461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.1038/s41558-023-01792-4
Joanna R. Blaszczak
Oxygen concentrations are a key aspect of water quality, with low levels linked to ecosystem stress. Research indicates that oxygen levels will decrease in hundreds of rivers across the USA and Central Europe under climate change.
{"title":"Deoxygenation of temperate rivers","authors":"Joanna R. Blaszczak","doi":"10.1038/s41558-023-01792-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-023-01792-4","url":null,"abstract":"Oxygen concentrations are a key aspect of water quality, with low levels linked to ecosystem stress. Research indicates that oxygen levels will decrease in hundreds of rivers across the USA and Central Europe under climate change.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"13 10","pages":"1021-1022"},"PeriodicalIF":30.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134912365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.1038/s41558-023-01789-z
Charlotte Bez, Valentina Bosetti, Italo Colantone, Maurizio Zanardi
From a political perspective, advancing green agendas in democracies requires obtaining electoral support for parties and candidates proposing green platforms. It is therefore crucial to understand the factors driving green voting and attitudes. Yet, limited research has explored the role of economic determinants in this context. In this study we show that globalization, through the distributional consequences of import competition, is an important determinant of support for parties proposing green platforms. Our analysis covers the United States and 15 countries of Western Europe, over the period 2000–2019, with trade exposure measured at the level of subnational geographic areas. We find that higher trade exposure leads to lower support for more environmentalist parties and to more sceptical attitudes about climate change. Our empirical findings are in line with the theoretical channel of deprioritization of environmental concerns, as trade-induced economic distress raises the salience of economic issues. Climate policy requires proenvironment attitudes and voting by the public in democracies, yet economic conditions can impact such perceptions and behaviour. Higher exposure to globalization can lead to lower support for environmentalist parties and more climate scepticism.
{"title":"Exposure to international trade lowers green voting and worsens environmental attitudes","authors":"Charlotte Bez, Valentina Bosetti, Italo Colantone, Maurizio Zanardi","doi":"10.1038/s41558-023-01789-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-023-01789-z","url":null,"abstract":"From a political perspective, advancing green agendas in democracies requires obtaining electoral support for parties and candidates proposing green platforms. It is therefore crucial to understand the factors driving green voting and attitudes. Yet, limited research has explored the role of economic determinants in this context. In this study we show that globalization, through the distributional consequences of import competition, is an important determinant of support for parties proposing green platforms. Our analysis covers the United States and 15 countries of Western Europe, over the period 2000–2019, with trade exposure measured at the level of subnational geographic areas. We find that higher trade exposure leads to lower support for more environmentalist parties and to more sceptical attitudes about climate change. Our empirical findings are in line with the theoretical channel of deprioritization of environmental concerns, as trade-induced economic distress raises the salience of economic issues. Climate policy requires proenvironment attitudes and voting by the public in democracies, yet economic conditions can impact such perceptions and behaviour. Higher exposure to globalization can lead to lower support for environmentalist parties and more climate scepticism.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"13 10","pages":"1131-1135"},"PeriodicalIF":30.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134910969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.1038/s41558-023-01811-4
Jonathan William Kuyper, Vegard Tørstad
Non-state actors play an essential role in the fabric of global climate governance. Here we propose four tailored strategies that non-state actors can mobilize to advance climate action among states and harness the potential of the global stocktake.
{"title":"Mobilizing non-state actors for climate action through the global stocktake","authors":"Jonathan William Kuyper, Vegard Tørstad","doi":"10.1038/s41558-023-01811-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-023-01811-4","url":null,"abstract":"Non-state actors play an essential role in the fabric of global climate governance. Here we propose four tailored strategies that non-state actors can mobilize to advance climate action among states and harness the potential of the global stocktake.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"13 10","pages":"1000-1001"},"PeriodicalIF":30.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134912751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.1038/s41558-023-01803-4
Tianpeng Wang, Fei Teng
The social cost of greenhouse gases (SC-GHGs), indicating marginal damage from GHG emissions, is a valuable and informative metric for policymaking. However, existing social cost estimates for methane (SC-CH4) and nitrous oxide (SC-N2O) have not kept pace with the latest scientific findings in damage functions, climate models and socioeconomic projections. We applied a multimodel assessment framework, incorporating recent advances that are neglected by past studies to re-estimate SC-CH4 and SC-N2O. Models of gross domestic product (GDP) level effects reveal US$2,900 per t-CH4 (in 2020 US dollars) for SC-CH4 and US$49,600 per t-N2O for SC-N2O for the emissions year 2020, indicating a 2-fold increase over previous estimates. Models incorporating GDP growth effects over time present a further 15–25-fold increase in estimates, dominating the uncertainty in social cost estimates. Although substantial uncertainty remains, our findings suggest greater benefits from CH4 and N2O mitigation policies compared with those of previous studies. Non-CO2 emissions, including methane and nitrous oxide, are non-negligible contributors to global warming. A multimodel analysis incorporating recent advances in damage functions shows that the social cost of these greenhouse gases would increase substantially, although uncertainty remains.
{"title":"Damage function uncertainty increases the social cost of methane and nitrous oxide","authors":"Tianpeng Wang, Fei Teng","doi":"10.1038/s41558-023-01803-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-023-01803-4","url":null,"abstract":"The social cost of greenhouse gases (SC-GHGs), indicating marginal damage from GHG emissions, is a valuable and informative metric for policymaking. However, existing social cost estimates for methane (SC-CH4) and nitrous oxide (SC-N2O) have not kept pace with the latest scientific findings in damage functions, climate models and socioeconomic projections. We applied a multimodel assessment framework, incorporating recent advances that are neglected by past studies to re-estimate SC-CH4 and SC-N2O. Models of gross domestic product (GDP) level effects reveal US$2,900 per t-CH4 (in 2020 US dollars) for SC-CH4 and US$49,600 per t-N2O for SC-N2O for the emissions year 2020, indicating a 2-fold increase over previous estimates. Models incorporating GDP growth effects over time present a further 15–25-fold increase in estimates, dominating the uncertainty in social cost estimates. Although substantial uncertainty remains, our findings suggest greater benefits from CH4 and N2O mitigation policies compared with those of previous studies. Non-CO2 emissions, including methane and nitrous oxide, are non-negligible contributors to global warming. A multimodel analysis incorporating recent advances in damage functions shows that the social cost of these greenhouse gases would increase substantially, although uncertainty remains.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"13 11","pages":"1258-1265"},"PeriodicalIF":30.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134910825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：