Pub Date : 2026-01-02DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02535-3
Robinson Hordoir, Vahidreza Jahanmard, Pål Erik Isachsen, Ulrike Löptien, Heiner Dietze, Anne Britt Sandø, Vidar S. Lien
Climate change impinges on the Arctic Ocean, leading to sea-ice loss and potentially drastic cascading ecosystem changes. A recent process is atlantification, the growing influence of warm and salty waters from the Atlantic on the Arctic with increasing ocean volume transport from the Nordic Seas to the Barents Sea playing a key role. Despite its importance and a multitude of hypotheses that have been tested, this trend remains mainly unexplained. Here we explore nonlinear effects and successfully link the flow trend through the Barents Sea Opening to a frequency shift of atmospheric synoptic. We show that a part of the flow through Barents Sea Opening is driven by topographic Rossby waves, and that they have a very sensitive response to atmospheric frequency over the Nordic Seas. These findings highlight how anthropogenic changes to the atmosphere are altering ocean processes, with implications for sea-ice extent and ecosystems in the Arctic. The Atlantic Ocean is having an increasing influence on the Arctic but the drivers of this are unclear. By combining ocean modelling and deep learning methods, the authors show that the increased flow through the Barents Sea Opening is driven by spectral changes of atmospheric variability.
{"title":"Barents Sea atlantification driven by a shift in atmospheric synoptic timescale","authors":"Robinson Hordoir, Vahidreza Jahanmard, Pål Erik Isachsen, Ulrike Löptien, Heiner Dietze, Anne Britt Sandø, Vidar S. Lien","doi":"10.1038/s41558-025-02535-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-025-02535-3","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change impinges on the Arctic Ocean, leading to sea-ice loss and potentially drastic cascading ecosystem changes. A recent process is atlantification, the growing influence of warm and salty waters from the Atlantic on the Arctic with increasing ocean volume transport from the Nordic Seas to the Barents Sea playing a key role. Despite its importance and a multitude of hypotheses that have been tested, this trend remains mainly unexplained. Here we explore nonlinear effects and successfully link the flow trend through the Barents Sea Opening to a frequency shift of atmospheric synoptic. We show that a part of the flow through Barents Sea Opening is driven by topographic Rossby waves, and that they have a very sensitive response to atmospheric frequency over the Nordic Seas. These findings highlight how anthropogenic changes to the atmosphere are altering ocean processes, with implications for sea-ice extent and ecosystems in the Arctic. The Atlantic Ocean is having an increasing influence on the Arctic but the drivers of this are unclear. By combining ocean modelling and deep learning methods, the authors show that the increased flow through the Barents Sea Opening is driven by spectral changes of atmospheric variability.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"16 2","pages":"179-186"},"PeriodicalIF":27.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-025-02535-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145894529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transforming school environments into nature-based climate shelters not only promotes cooling and greening under extreme heat, but also fosters quality education, ecological restoration, empowerment and reconnection with nature, and provides children with healthier, safer, more playful, equitable and climate-proof spaces.
{"title":"Greening schools for climate-resilient, inclusive and liveable cities","authors":"Isabel Ruiz-Mallén, Francesc Baró, Hayat Bentouhami, Nathalie Blanc, Lidia Casas, Céline Clauzel, Raquel Colacios, Elsa Gallez, Amy Phillips, Paula Presser, Diana Reckien, Filka Sekulova","doi":"10.1038/s41558-025-02519-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-025-02519-3","url":null,"abstract":"Transforming school environments into nature-based climate shelters not only promotes cooling and greening under extreme heat, but also fosters quality education, ecological restoration, empowerment and reconnection with nature, and provides children with healthier, safer, more playful, equitable and climate-proof spaces.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"16 2","pages":"112-114"},"PeriodicalIF":27.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146148348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02520-w
Yifei Quan, Jie-Sheng Tan-Soo
The global transition to low-carbon energy depends on energy transition minerals (ETMs). Yet, the extraction of these minerals often occurs in biodiverse and carbon-rich forests, potentially undermining their climate benefits. Here we provide global, causally identified estimates of deforestation and related GHG emissions attributable to ETM mining, combining nearly 3,000 projects with satellite-based forest-change data. Using a staggered difference-in-differences design, we find that ETM mining causes sustained forest loss—averaging ~20% within 10-km buffers over 15 years—comparable in magnitude to traditional minerals such as coal and gold. These losses are disproportionately concentrated in tropical forests with high climate mitigation potential. Incorporating deforestation-related emissions increases the mining-stage carbon footprint of ETMs by 63% on average and up to 98% for certain minerals. Our findings reveal mining-induced land-use change as a major but overlooked source of emissions in global energy transition. Energy transition minerals (ETM) are essential for decarbonization, yet extractions often occur in carbon-rich forests and lands of Indigenous peoples and local communities. Here the authors provide global analysis showing how ETM mining causes sustained forest loss and GHG emissions.
{"title":"Deforestation-induced emissions from mining energy transition minerals","authors":"Yifei Quan, Jie-Sheng Tan-Soo","doi":"10.1038/s41558-025-02520-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-025-02520-w","url":null,"abstract":"The global transition to low-carbon energy depends on energy transition minerals (ETMs). Yet, the extraction of these minerals often occurs in biodiverse and carbon-rich forests, potentially undermining their climate benefits. Here we provide global, causally identified estimates of deforestation and related GHG emissions attributable to ETM mining, combining nearly 3,000 projects with satellite-based forest-change data. Using a staggered difference-in-differences design, we find that ETM mining causes sustained forest loss—averaging ~20% within 10-km buffers over 15 years—comparable in magnitude to traditional minerals such as coal and gold. These losses are disproportionately concentrated in tropical forests with high climate mitigation potential. Incorporating deforestation-related emissions increases the mining-stage carbon footprint of ETMs by 63% on average and up to 98% for certain minerals. Our findings reveal mining-induced land-use change as a major but overlooked source of emissions in global energy transition. Energy transition minerals (ETM) are essential for decarbonization, yet extractions often occur in carbon-rich forests and lands of Indigenous peoples and local communities. Here the authors provide global analysis showing how ETM mining causes sustained forest loss and GHG emissions.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"16 1","pages":"52-57"},"PeriodicalIF":27.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145814051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02512-w
Emily C. Geyman, Michael P. Lamb
Arctic rivers mobilize vast stocks of permafrost carbon as they migrate across floodplains. However, there is no consensus about whether Arctic rivers are responding to regional warming by speeding up or slowing down. Here we reconstruct migration rates over the period 1972–2020 for Arctic and sub-Arctic rivers spanning approximately 1,500 km of distance and a variety of channel sizes and floodplain environments. We find that rivers in warmer, discontinuous permafrost settings experienced a systematic acceleration over the past 50 years, whereas rivers in colder, continuous permafrost regions experienced a systematic slowdown. We identify two competing mechanisms responsible for this bifurcating behaviour: thaw of permafrost floodplains has driven faster migration, whereas a decline in the intensity of river-ice breakup has slowed migration. Using a mechanistic model, we find that the relative balance of these two controls is well described by air temperature, revealing a simple organizing framework for how Arctic rivers respond to warming. Whether rivers are speeding up or slowing down in a warming Arctic is unclear, but has implications for carbon cycling and infrastructure. This study finds divergent behaviour in migration rates for rivers in discontinuous versus continuous permafrost, driven by changes in permafrost thaw and river ice.
{"title":"Resolving the changing pace of Arctic rivers","authors":"Emily C. Geyman, Michael P. Lamb","doi":"10.1038/s41558-025-02512-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-025-02512-w","url":null,"abstract":"Arctic rivers mobilize vast stocks of permafrost carbon as they migrate across floodplains. However, there is no consensus about whether Arctic rivers are responding to regional warming by speeding up or slowing down. Here we reconstruct migration rates over the period 1972–2020 for Arctic and sub-Arctic rivers spanning approximately 1,500 km of distance and a variety of channel sizes and floodplain environments. We find that rivers in warmer, discontinuous permafrost settings experienced a systematic acceleration over the past 50 years, whereas rivers in colder, continuous permafrost regions experienced a systematic slowdown. We identify two competing mechanisms responsible for this bifurcating behaviour: thaw of permafrost floodplains has driven faster migration, whereas a decline in the intensity of river-ice breakup has slowed migration. Using a mechanistic model, we find that the relative balance of these two controls is well described by air temperature, revealing a simple organizing framework for how Arctic rivers respond to warming. Whether rivers are speeding up or slowing down in a warming Arctic is unclear, but has implications for carbon cycling and infrastructure. This study finds divergent behaviour in migration rates for rivers in discontinuous versus continuous permafrost, driven by changes in permafrost thaw and river ice.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"16 1","pages":"77-86"},"PeriodicalIF":27.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145814052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02525-5
Sebastian Pintea, Ava Acevedo, Juliet Horenziak, Anissa Kurani, Khushi Kohli, Stephanie Wang, Eugene T. Richardson, David Introcaso, Abrania Marrero
Climate change drives displacement and migration across the Americas, particularly exposing Latin American and Caribbean children to compounded health risks. We explore these health impacts, identify gaps in related US healthcare and health policy, and propose recommendations for how they can respond.
{"title":"Overlooked toll of climate change on migrant children in the Americas","authors":"Sebastian Pintea, Ava Acevedo, Juliet Horenziak, Anissa Kurani, Khushi Kohli, Stephanie Wang, Eugene T. Richardson, David Introcaso, Abrania Marrero","doi":"10.1038/s41558-025-02525-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-025-02525-5","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change drives displacement and migration across the Americas, particularly exposing Latin American and Caribbean children to compounded health risks. We explore these health impacts, identify gaps in related US healthcare and health policy, and propose recommendations for how they can respond.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"16 2","pages":"109-111"},"PeriodicalIF":27.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146148352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02531-7
Danyang Cheng
{"title":"Inequalities in resilience and preparedness","authors":"Danyang Cheng","doi":"10.1038/s41558-025-02531-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-025-02531-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"16 1","pages":"14-14"},"PeriodicalIF":27.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145916081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02529-1
Shuai Yang
{"title":"Rising lake and reservoir emissions","authors":"Shuai Yang","doi":"10.1038/s41558-025-02529-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-025-02529-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"16 1","pages":"14-14"},"PeriodicalIF":27.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145916082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1038/s41558-025-02508-6
Jordan Fields
Whether erosion is accelerating or decelerating along Arctic rivers has been unclear, but each trend has distinct implications for the vast amount of carbon stored in permanently frozen soils. Now, research demonstrates that warming air temperatures are driving divergent outcomes for Arctic rivers, causing some to erode their banks more rapidly while others slow down.
{"title":"Rivers accelerate and slow as temperatures rise","authors":"Jordan Fields","doi":"10.1038/s41558-025-02508-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41558-025-02508-6","url":null,"abstract":"Whether erosion is accelerating or decelerating along Arctic rivers has been unclear, but each trend has distinct implications for the vast amount of carbon stored in permanently frozen soils. Now, research demonstrates that warming air temperatures are driving divergent outcomes for Arctic rivers, causing some to erode their banks more rapidly while others slow down.","PeriodicalId":18974,"journal":{"name":"Nature Climate Change","volume":"16 1","pages":"17-18"},"PeriodicalIF":27.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145916080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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