Pub Date : 2025-12-02DOI: 10.1038/s42254-025-00904-7
As we close our seventh volume, we reflect on some of the highlights of the year.
在我们结束第七卷时，我们回顾了今年的一些亮点。
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Pub Date : 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1038/s42254-025-00902-9
Nina Meinzer
A paper in Optica shows how sound can be used to determine properties of an optical pulse.
《光学》杂志上的一篇论文展示了如何利用声音来确定光脉冲的特性。
{"title":"The sound of ionization","authors":"Nina Meinzer","doi":"10.1038/s42254-025-00902-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-025-00902-9","url":null,"abstract":"A paper in Optica shows how sound can be used to determine properties of an optical pulse.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"7 12","pages":"680-680"},"PeriodicalIF":39.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145652864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1038/s42254-025-00905-6
May Chiao
{"title":"A changing of the guard for dark energy?","authors":"May Chiao","doi":"10.1038/s42254-025-00905-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-025-00905-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"7 12","pages":"681-681"},"PeriodicalIF":39.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145652865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ratchet effect helps explain how a carnivorous plant predates","authors":"Zoe Budrikis","doi":"10.1038/s42254-025-00900-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-025-00900-x","url":null,"abstract":"A paper in PNAS shows how ideas from the physics of active matter can help explain the workings of a rare carnivorous plant.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"7 12","pages":"679-679"},"PeriodicalIF":39.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145652860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-18DOI: 10.1038/s42254-025-00899-1
Ankita Anirban
An article in Physical Review Letters reports evidence that Cooper pairs exist in an anomalous metallic state.
《物理评论快报》上的一篇文章报道了库珀对以异常金属态存在的证据。
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Pub Date : 2025-11-13DOI: 10.1038/s42254-025-00890-w
Alessandra Lo Fiego, Felix Donaldson, Umesh Vivekananda, Mete Atatüre, John J. L. Morton, Molly M. Stevens
Although sensing is one of the more established quantum technologies, translating quantum science into real-world biomedical impact requires further effort to overcome technical hurdles as well as structural and societal challenges.
{"title":"How quantum biosensing is transforming healthcare","authors":"Alessandra Lo Fiego, Felix Donaldson, Umesh Vivekananda, Mete Atatüre, John J. L. Morton, Molly M. Stevens","doi":"10.1038/s42254-025-00890-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-025-00890-w","url":null,"abstract":"Although sensing is one of the more established quantum technologies, translating quantum science into real-world biomedical impact requires further effort to overcome technical hurdles as well as structural and societal challenges.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"7 12","pages":"672-674"},"PeriodicalIF":39.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145652857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1038/s42254-025-00887-5
Yiqi Fang, Zijian Lyu, Yunquan Liu
Laser-excited electron motions allow the investigation of fundamental physical phenomena with unprecedented resolution in time, space and energy. The first step in most interactions between light and matter is the ultrafast response of electrons to impinging light, in which the electron dynamics is sensitive to the signatures of the driving light. As light can be tailored to carry custom angular momentum by imprinting it with characteristic structures of intensity, polarization or phase, the resulting structured light offers new opportunities to tailor and control the optical response of materials, far beyond the ability of conventional linearly or circularly polarized light. In this Review, we discuss recent progress at the intersection of the structured light and ultrafast physics communities alongside the underlying physics. Beyond these interesting fundamental considerations, we highlight the broad applications of structured light for investigating and controlling the dynamics of bound and free electrons, as well as extreme ultraviolet radiation, including in strong-field ionization, high harmonic generation and free-electron optical modulation. Spatiotemporal structuring of optical fields offers opportunities to probe and control electron motions in light–matter interactions. This Review discusses the recent advances in both fundamental physics and practical applications in ultrafast physics that involve structured light.
{"title":"Ultrafast physics with structured light","authors":"Yiqi Fang, Zijian Lyu, Yunquan Liu","doi":"10.1038/s42254-025-00887-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-025-00887-5","url":null,"abstract":"Laser-excited electron motions allow the investigation of fundamental physical phenomena with unprecedented resolution in time, space and energy. The first step in most interactions between light and matter is the ultrafast response of electrons to impinging light, in which the electron dynamics is sensitive to the signatures of the driving light. As light can be tailored to carry custom angular momentum by imprinting it with characteristic structures of intensity, polarization or phase, the resulting structured light offers new opportunities to tailor and control the optical response of materials, far beyond the ability of conventional linearly or circularly polarized light. In this Review, we discuss recent progress at the intersection of the structured light and ultrafast physics communities alongside the underlying physics. Beyond these interesting fundamental considerations, we highlight the broad applications of structured light for investigating and controlling the dynamics of bound and free electrons, as well as extreme ultraviolet radiation, including in strong-field ionization, high harmonic generation and free-electron optical modulation. Spatiotemporal structuring of optical fields offers opportunities to probe and control electron motions in light–matter interactions. This Review discusses the recent advances in both fundamental physics and practical applications in ultrafast physics that involve structured light.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"7 12","pages":"713-727"},"PeriodicalIF":39.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145652867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1038/s42254-025-00895-5
Jingtao Ding, Yu Zheng, Fengli Xu, Carlo Vittorio Cannistraci, Xiaowen Dong, Paolo Santi, Guido Caldarelli, Yizhou Sun, Qi R. Wang, Boleslaw K. Szymanski, Carlo Ratti, Trey Ideker, Jianxi Gao, Yong Li, Deliang Chen
Traditional approaches in complexity science struggle to capture emergent phenomena, but abductive reasoning — now computationally feasible through artificial intelligence — offers a new pathway for discovery.
{"title":"Understanding emergence in complex systems using abductive AI","authors":"Jingtao Ding, Yu Zheng, Fengli Xu, Carlo Vittorio Cannistraci, Xiaowen Dong, Paolo Santi, Guido Caldarelli, Yizhou Sun, Qi R. Wang, Boleslaw K. Szymanski, Carlo Ratti, Trey Ideker, Jianxi Gao, Yong Li, Deliang Chen","doi":"10.1038/s42254-025-00895-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-025-00895-5","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional approaches in complexity science struggle to capture emergent phenomena, but abductive reasoning — now computationally feasible through artificial intelligence — offers a new pathway for discovery.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"7 12","pages":"675-677"},"PeriodicalIF":39.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145652858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1038/s42254-025-00885-7
Mathis Wiedeking, Stephane Goriely, Magne Guttormsen, Falk Herwig, Ann-Cecilie Larsen, Sean N. Liddick, Dennis Mücher, Andrea L. Richard, Sunniva Siem, Artemis Spyrou
The origin of chemical elements and their abundances across the cosmos remain one of the central questions in physics. The formation of elements heavier than iron is traditionally attributed to three main mechanisms: the slow and rapid neutron-capture processes (s and r processes) and the p process (mostly driven by photodisintegration reactions). However, certain astronomical observations reveal elemental abundance patterns inconsistent with these processes. These discrepancies prompted the introduction of the intermediate neutron-capture process (i process), which operates at neutron densities between the s and r processes, and which has emerged as a key area of research. Observations of elemental abundances of stars confirm that the i process does indeed take place. Identifying the required astrophysical conditions and contributions of the i process sensitively depend on neutron-capture reaction rates involving unstable atomic nuclei. Important advancements have been achieved through these new astronomical observations and cutting-edge experimental and analytical techniques in nuclear physics, in addition to models of nuclear physics and nucleosynthesis. State-of-the-art facilities and theoretical models are revolutionizing our ability to explore the i process and offer fresh perspectives on the nuclear behaviour under extreme stellar conditions. This Review underscores the synergy between groundbreaking astronomical and nuclear physics research, bridging nuclear physics and observational astrophysics, and advancing our understanding of i-process nucleosynthesis. Our understanding of how heavy elements form within stars is incomplete. This Review highlights the emerging role of the intermediate neutron-capture process (i process) — between the slow and rapid processes — backed by stellar observations in tandem with advances in nuclear physics experiments and modelling.
{"title":"Unlocking i-process nucleosynthesis by bridging stellar and nuclear physics","authors":"Mathis Wiedeking, Stephane Goriely, Magne Guttormsen, Falk Herwig, Ann-Cecilie Larsen, Sean N. Liddick, Dennis Mücher, Andrea L. Richard, Sunniva Siem, Artemis Spyrou","doi":"10.1038/s42254-025-00885-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-025-00885-7","url":null,"abstract":"The origin of chemical elements and their abundances across the cosmos remain one of the central questions in physics. The formation of elements heavier than iron is traditionally attributed to three main mechanisms: the slow and rapid neutron-capture processes (s and r processes) and the p process (mostly driven by photodisintegration reactions). However, certain astronomical observations reveal elemental abundance patterns inconsistent with these processes. These discrepancies prompted the introduction of the intermediate neutron-capture process (i process), which operates at neutron densities between the s and r processes, and which has emerged as a key area of research. Observations of elemental abundances of stars confirm that the i process does indeed take place. Identifying the required astrophysical conditions and contributions of the i process sensitively depend on neutron-capture reaction rates involving unstable atomic nuclei. Important advancements have been achieved through these new astronomical observations and cutting-edge experimental and analytical techniques in nuclear physics, in addition to models of nuclear physics and nucleosynthesis. State-of-the-art facilities and theoretical models are revolutionizing our ability to explore the i process and offer fresh perspectives on the nuclear behaviour under extreme stellar conditions. This Review underscores the synergy between groundbreaking astronomical and nuclear physics research, bridging nuclear physics and observational astrophysics, and advancing our understanding of i-process nucleosynthesis. Our understanding of how heavy elements form within stars is incomplete. This Review highlights the emerging role of the intermediate neutron-capture process (i process) — between the slow and rapid processes — backed by stellar observations in tandem with advances in nuclear physics experiments and modelling.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"7 12","pages":"696-712"},"PeriodicalIF":39.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145652866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-03DOI: 10.1038/s42254-025-00892-8
May Chiao, Didier Queloz
To understand how life began on Earth billions of years ago, a global community must work collaboratively to study the emergence of the necessary molecular building blocks and how they evolved into complex life in different environments.
{"title":"Ingredients for finding the origins of life","authors":"May Chiao, Didier Queloz","doi":"10.1038/s42254-025-00892-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-025-00892-8","url":null,"abstract":"To understand how life began on Earth billions of years ago, a global community must work collaboratively to study the emergence of the necessary molecular building blocks and how they evolved into complex life in different environments.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"7 11","pages":"602-603"},"PeriodicalIF":39.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s42254-025-00892-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145429596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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