Pub Date : 2024-12-16DOI: 10.1038/s42254-024-00784-3
Stefano M. Cavaletto, Katarzyna M. Kowalczyk, Francisco O. Navarrete, Javier Rivera-Dean
The ultrafast dynamics of electrons in solid-state systems have garnered considerable attention recently, driven by technological advancements in the generation of short laser pulses from femtosecond down to attosecond durations. Techniques such as high-order harmonic generation (HHG) and attosecond transient absorption and reflection spectroscopy (ATAS and ATRS) provide valuable insights into sub-cycle dynamics, rendering the interaction of solids with intense laser fields a pivotal area of research. However, discrepancies in the explanation of the underlying mechanisms remain, requiring further analysis. This Perspective focuses on the relationship between the above techniques, highlighting their efficacy in probing charge dynamics induced by intense laser pulses in solid-state systems. We emphasize the importance of unified theoretical frameworks to advance our understanding of the strong-field attoscience of solids, while recognizing points of disparity between theoretical descriptions and experimental findings. By drawing attention to the complementary nature of HHG and both ATAS and ATRS, and by illustrating the key applications enabled by them, this Perspective aims to motivate stronger collaborations and concerted efforts to bridge the existing gaps between theory and experiment and propel the field forward. This Perspective explores attosecond physics in solids, focussing on high harmonic generation and attosecond transient absorption and reflection spectroscopy. Combining physical realizations and theoretical concepts is a challenge for future progress.
{"title":"The attoscience of strong-field-driven solids","authors":"Stefano M. Cavaletto, Katarzyna M. Kowalczyk, Francisco O. Navarrete, Javier Rivera-Dean","doi":"10.1038/s42254-024-00784-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-024-00784-3","url":null,"abstract":"The ultrafast dynamics of electrons in solid-state systems have garnered considerable attention recently, driven by technological advancements in the generation of short laser pulses from femtosecond down to attosecond durations. Techniques such as high-order harmonic generation (HHG) and attosecond transient absorption and reflection spectroscopy (ATAS and ATRS) provide valuable insights into sub-cycle dynamics, rendering the interaction of solids with intense laser fields a pivotal area of research. However, discrepancies in the explanation of the underlying mechanisms remain, requiring further analysis. This Perspective focuses on the relationship between the above techniques, highlighting their efficacy in probing charge dynamics induced by intense laser pulses in solid-state systems. We emphasize the importance of unified theoretical frameworks to advance our understanding of the strong-field attoscience of solids, while recognizing points of disparity between theoretical descriptions and experimental findings. By drawing attention to the complementary nature of HHG and both ATAS and ATRS, and by illustrating the key applications enabled by them, this Perspective aims to motivate stronger collaborations and concerted efforts to bridge the existing gaps between theory and experiment and propel the field forward. This Perspective explores attosecond physics in solids, focussing on high harmonic generation and attosecond transient absorption and reflection spectroscopy. Combining physical realizations and theoretical concepts is a challenge for future progress.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"7 1","pages":"38-49"},"PeriodicalIF":44.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142939491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-02DOI: 10.1038/s42254-024-00792-3
As we close our sixth volume, we reflect on some of our highlights from this year.
在我们结束第六卷时，我们回顾了今年的一些亮点。
{"title":"Looking back at 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s42254-024-00792-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-024-00792-3","url":null,"abstract":"As we close our sixth volume, we reflect on some of our highlights from this year.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"6 12","pages":"707-707"},"PeriodicalIF":44.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42254-024-00792-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Too much efficiency leads to delays","authors":"Zoe Budrikis","doi":"10.1038/s42254-024-00787-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-024-00787-0","url":null,"abstract":"A paper in Nature Physics puts forward a statistical mechanics theory to explain the risks of not having enough slack in a time-sensitive system.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"6 12","pages":"715-715"},"PeriodicalIF":44.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The mechanics of emus’ unusual gait","authors":"Zoe Budrikis","doi":"10.1038/s42254-024-00786-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-024-00786-1","url":null,"abstract":"A paper in Science Advances provides a mechanics-based explanation for why flightless birds run the way they do.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"6 12","pages":"714-714"},"PeriodicalIF":44.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-02DOI: 10.1038/s42254-024-00788-z
Nina Meinzer
An article in Nature reports an on-chip titanium:sapphire laser.
《自然》杂志上的一篇文章报道了一种芯片上的钛蓝宝石激光器。
{"title":"A tiny titanium:sapphire laser on a chip","authors":"Nina Meinzer","doi":"10.1038/s42254-024-00788-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-024-00788-z","url":null,"abstract":"An article in Nature reports an on-chip titanium:sapphire laser.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"6 12","pages":"716-716"},"PeriodicalIF":44.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Solving Feynman’s sprinkler puzzle","authors":"Ankita Anirban","doi":"10.1038/s42254-024-00780-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-024-00780-7","url":null,"abstract":"A paper in Physical Review Letters sheds new light on a 40-year-old puzzle, and provides new insights into fluid mechanics.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"6 12","pages":"712-712"},"PeriodicalIF":44.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-25DOI: 10.1038/s42254-024-00782-5
Yanlin Ye, Xiaofei Yang, Hiroyoshi Sakurai, Baishan Hu
The past three decades have witnessed the emergence of exotic structures and dynamics in weakly bound unstable nuclei located in the rapidly expanding nuclear chart. Examples include halo and cluster structures, shell evolution incorporating the shift of the nuclear magic numbers, new modes of collective motion, strong coupling to the continuum and new reaction–decay mechanisms. The progress in this fast-evolving field and its deep impacts on several key interdisciplinary realms will be reviewed in this article, together with perspectives for the future exploration of the heavier neutron-rich region. This article reviews the exotic structures and dynamics that emerge in weakly bound unstable nuclei, highlighting their deep impacts on several key interdisciplinary fields. Additionally, it outlines prospects for future exploration of the heavier neutron-rich region.
{"title":"Physics of exotic nuclei","authors":"Yanlin Ye, Xiaofei Yang, Hiroyoshi Sakurai, Baishan Hu","doi":"10.1038/s42254-024-00782-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-024-00782-5","url":null,"abstract":"The past three decades have witnessed the emergence of exotic structures and dynamics in weakly bound unstable nuclei located in the rapidly expanding nuclear chart. Examples include halo and cluster structures, shell evolution incorporating the shift of the nuclear magic numbers, new modes of collective motion, strong coupling to the continuum and new reaction–decay mechanisms. The progress in this fast-evolving field and its deep impacts on several key interdisciplinary realms will be reviewed in this article, together with perspectives for the future exploration of the heavier neutron-rich region. This article reviews the exotic structures and dynamics that emerge in weakly bound unstable nuclei, highlighting their deep impacts on several key interdisciplinary fields. Additionally, it outlines prospects for future exploration of the heavier neutron-rich region.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"7 1","pages":"21-37"},"PeriodicalIF":44.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142939471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-21DOI: 10.1038/s42254-024-00781-6
Maayan Vizner Stern, Simon Salleh Atri, Moshe Ben Shalom
Compared with electronic phase transitions, structural phase transitions of crystals are challenging to control owing to the energy cost of breaking dense solid bonds. Recently, electric field switching of stacking configuration between honeycomb layers, held together by relatively weak van der Waals attractions, has been demonstrated. Different structural configurations — or polytypes — of 2D van der Waals materials host diverse electronic orders such as intrinsic polarizations and magnetism. In this Perspective, we discuss stacking energies, symmetries and orbital overlaps that underlie the band structures and internal charge distributions of these polytypes and their effect on properties such as interfacial ferroelectricity, ladder-like cumulative polarization, superconductivity and orbital magnetic orders. We also identify the challenges of harnessing these switching mechanisms for rapid, local and practical multiferroic devices. van der Waals polytypes are a class of periodic crystals that differ in their stacking configurations and can transform from one to another by discrete interlayer shifts. This Perspective discusses recent reports of the properties, structural stabilities and switching responses of polytypes and highlights challenges towards multiferroic opportunities.
{"title":"Sliding van der Waals polytypes","authors":"Maayan Vizner Stern, Simon Salleh Atri, Moshe Ben Shalom","doi":"10.1038/s42254-024-00781-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-024-00781-6","url":null,"abstract":"Compared with electronic phase transitions, structural phase transitions of crystals are challenging to control owing to the energy cost of breaking dense solid bonds. Recently, electric field switching of stacking configuration between honeycomb layers, held together by relatively weak van der Waals attractions, has been demonstrated. Different structural configurations — or polytypes — of 2D van der Waals materials host diverse electronic orders such as intrinsic polarizations and magnetism. In this Perspective, we discuss stacking energies, symmetries and orbital overlaps that underlie the band structures and internal charge distributions of these polytypes and their effect on properties such as interfacial ferroelectricity, ladder-like cumulative polarization, superconductivity and orbital magnetic orders. We also identify the challenges of harnessing these switching mechanisms for rapid, local and practical multiferroic devices. van der Waals polytypes are a class of periodic crystals that differ in their stacking configurations and can transform from one to another by discrete interlayer shifts. This Perspective discusses recent reports of the properties, structural stabilities and switching responses of polytypes and highlights challenges towards multiferroic opportunities.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"7 1","pages":"50-61"},"PeriodicalIF":44.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142939458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-20DOI: 10.1038/s42254-024-00789-y
May Chiao
With its capability to observe faint objects from the distant past, JWST is discovering objects that were thought to be rare; for example, compact objects that appear as little red dots are more than they seem.
{"title":"JWST sees little red dots","authors":"May Chiao","doi":"10.1038/s42254-024-00789-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-024-00789-y","url":null,"abstract":"With its capability to observe faint objects from the distant past, JWST is discovering objects that were thought to be rare; for example, compact objects that appear as little red dots are more than they seem.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"6 12","pages":"713-713"},"PeriodicalIF":44.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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