Pub Date : 2025-11-10DOI: 10.1038/s42254-025-00894-6
Youngro Lee
Youngro Lee explains how a 2001 paper reframed his perspective on resistivity and inspired a new way of approaching his research.
young - gro Lee解释了2001年的一篇论文是如何重塑了他对电阻率的看法，并激发了他研究的新方法。
{"title":"Resistivity peaks at the ferromagnetic transition","authors":"Youngro Lee","doi":"10.1038/s42254-025-00894-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-025-00894-6","url":null,"abstract":"Youngro Lee explains how a 2001 paper reframed his perspective on resistivity and inspired a new way of approaching his research.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"8 1","pages":"7-7"},"PeriodicalIF":39.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145916065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-07DOI: 10.1038/s42254-025-00888-4
Yuxin Zhao, Wenjie Liang, Yanli Zhao
Single-molecule junctions (SMJs), representing the ultimate limit of electronic device miniaturization, show fascinating quantum phenomena due to the dominance of quantum effects at this scale. Although theoretical frameworks have provided valuable insights into SMJ behaviour, the complexity of real-world molecular junctions necessitates a more comprehensive understanding of the interplay between various factors, including molecule–electrode interfaces, electron–phonon interactions, spin–orbit coupling and electron–electron correlations. This Review explores the interplay between quantum correlation effects, such as quantum interference, vibrational effects, molecular exciton behaviour on electronic transport and quantum spin phenomena through discussion of experimental breakthroughs alongside a critical analysis of the relevant theoretical models. A unified perspective on the diverse range of quantum phenomena observable in SMJs is provided, with the aim of stimulating further research and the development of novel device functionalities exploiting these effects. Single-molecule junctions, which exist at the intersection of quantum physics and molecular electronics, are a rapidly advancing topic of research. This Review examines quantum correlation phenomena in these systems.
{"title":"Quantum correlation behaviour in single-molecule junctions","authors":"Yuxin Zhao, Wenjie Liang, Yanli Zhao","doi":"10.1038/s42254-025-00888-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-025-00888-4","url":null,"abstract":"Single-molecule junctions (SMJs), representing the ultimate limit of electronic device miniaturization, show fascinating quantum phenomena due to the dominance of quantum effects at this scale. Although theoretical frameworks have provided valuable insights into SMJ behaviour, the complexity of real-world molecular junctions necessitates a more comprehensive understanding of the interplay between various factors, including molecule–electrode interfaces, electron–phonon interactions, spin–orbit coupling and electron–electron correlations. This Review explores the interplay between quantum correlation effects, such as quantum interference, vibrational effects, molecular exciton behaviour on electronic transport and quantum spin phenomena through discussion of experimental breakthroughs alongside a critical analysis of the relevant theoretical models. A unified perspective on the diverse range of quantum phenomena observable in SMJs is provided, with the aim of stimulating further research and the development of novel device functionalities exploiting these effects. Single-molecule junctions, which exist at the intersection of quantum physics and molecular electronics, are a rapidly advancing topic of research. This Review examines quantum correlation phenomena in these systems.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"8 1","pages":"9-26"},"PeriodicalIF":39.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145916056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-03DOI: 10.1038/s42254-025-00892-8
May Chiao, Didier Queloz
To understand how life began on Earth billions of years ago, a global community must work collaboratively to study the emergence of the necessary molecular building blocks and how they evolved into complex life in different environments.
{"title":"Ingredients for finding the origins of life","authors":"May Chiao, Didier Queloz","doi":"10.1038/s42254-025-00892-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-025-00892-8","url":null,"abstract":"To understand how life began on Earth billions of years ago, a global community must work collaboratively to study the emergence of the necessary molecular building blocks and how they evolved into complex life in different environments.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"7 11","pages":"602-603"},"PeriodicalIF":39.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s42254-025-00892-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145429596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Three decades of the search for life on other planets","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s42254-025-00891-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-025-00891-9","url":null,"abstract":"Thirty years ago, the discovery of an exoplanet orbiting a Sun-like star launched a search for Earth 2.0 and the answer to the question of life.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"7 11","pages":"595-595"},"PeriodicalIF":39.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s42254-025-00891-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145429599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-31DOI: 10.1038/s42254-025-00889-3
Daniel Leykam, Haoran Xue, Baile Zhang, Y. D. Chong
Topological states of light can possess interesting properties, such as strong light localization and robust waveguiding, with promising applications in lasers, integrated optical chips and other photonic devices. For these applications to materialize, it is necessary to understand the precise limitations and possibilities of photonic topological states and devices. In this critical evaluation, we highlight the approximate nature of topological protection in photonic systems and discuss the circumstances in which this protection can, and cannot, play a useful role. Photonic topological states can possess exceptional properties, but their protection is approximate, depending on the type of band topology. This Perspective clarifies these differences and explains their implications for technological applications.
{"title":"Limitations and possibilities of topological photonics","authors":"Daniel Leykam, Haoran Xue, Baile Zhang, Y. D. Chong","doi":"10.1038/s42254-025-00889-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-025-00889-3","url":null,"abstract":"Topological states of light can possess interesting properties, such as strong light localization and robust waveguiding, with promising applications in lasers, integrated optical chips and other photonic devices. For these applications to materialize, it is necessary to understand the precise limitations and possibilities of photonic topological states and devices. In this critical evaluation, we highlight the approximate nature of topological protection in photonic systems and discuss the circumstances in which this protection can, and cannot, play a useful role. Photonic topological states can possess exceptional properties, but their protection is approximate, depending on the type of band topology. This Perspective clarifies these differences and explains their implications for technological applications.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"8 1","pages":"55-64"},"PeriodicalIF":39.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145916058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-23DOI: 10.1038/s42254-025-00881-x
Magdalena Bazalova-Carter, Emil Schüler, Anthony Mascia, Marcel van Herk
FLASH radiotherapy, a new ultra-high dose rate modality, promises to improve cancer treatment by decreasing normal-tissue toxicity while maintaining effective tumour control. Unlike conventional radiotherapy, which delivers radiation over minutes, FLASH operates on sub-second timescales, which presents unique opportunities and challenges. Key aspects of FLASH radiotherapy development discussed in this Review include advances in treatment planning, dosimetry and beam delivery systems. Innovative strategies for real-time imaging and quality assurance are essential to address the complexities of ultra-fast delivery. We emphasize the importance of integrating safety measures and robust clinical protocols to achieve the transformative potential of FLASH radiotherapy. FLASH radiotherapy delivers a cancer treatment dose in less than a second, reducing side effects while maintaining tumour control. This Review explores technological advances, safety considerations and future directions needed to bring this promising ultra-fast radiotherapy approach into clinical practice.
{"title":"Balancing innovation and safety in FLASH radiotherapy","authors":"Magdalena Bazalova-Carter, Emil Schüler, Anthony Mascia, Marcel van Herk","doi":"10.1038/s42254-025-00881-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-025-00881-x","url":null,"abstract":"FLASH radiotherapy, a new ultra-high dose rate modality, promises to improve cancer treatment by decreasing normal-tissue toxicity while maintaining effective tumour control. Unlike conventional radiotherapy, which delivers radiation over minutes, FLASH operates on sub-second timescales, which presents unique opportunities and challenges. Key aspects of FLASH radiotherapy development discussed in this Review include advances in treatment planning, dosimetry and beam delivery systems. Innovative strategies for real-time imaging and quality assurance are essential to address the complexities of ultra-fast delivery. We emphasize the importance of integrating safety measures and robust clinical protocols to achieve the transformative potential of FLASH radiotherapy. FLASH radiotherapy delivers a cancer treatment dose in less than a second, reducing side effects while maintaining tumour control. This Review explores technological advances, safety considerations and future directions needed to bring this promising ultra-fast radiotherapy approach into clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"7 12","pages":"682-695"},"PeriodicalIF":39.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145652861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-06DOI: 10.1038/s42254-025-00875-9
Peter Bøggild, Timothy John Booth, Bjarke Sørensen Jessen, Abhay Shivayogimath, Nolan Lassaline, Stephan Hofmann, Oliver Burton, Kim Daasbjerg, Anders Smith, Kasper Nørgaard, Amaia Zurutuza, Terrance Barkan, Andrew J. Pollard
Despite the rapid growth of 2D materials research over the past two decades in both academic and industrial settings, there remain big challenges in producing consistent, reproducible results in the field. Subtle variations in methods or materials can lead to drastically different outcomes, undermining reliability and slowing down advances. However, owing to a culture of placing greater value on novelty rather than on reproducibility, little effort is expended in ensuring that results are collected and presented in a way that enables reproducibility. This Expert Recommendation presents two protocols that researchers can follow to improve reproducibility in 2D materials science, as well as practical recommendations on how researchers can engage constructively with funders, publishers and industry to create a stronger basis for reproducibility, transparency and trust in the field. This Expert Recommendation provides tools to help researchers in 2D materials improve reproducibility in their work and practical guidance on how to engage constructively with funders, publishers and industry to create a stronger basis for reproducibility, transparency and trust in the field.
{"title":"Protocols and tools to enable reproducibility in 2D materials research","authors":"Peter Bøggild, Timothy John Booth, Bjarke Sørensen Jessen, Abhay Shivayogimath, Nolan Lassaline, Stephan Hofmann, Oliver Burton, Kim Daasbjerg, Anders Smith, Kasper Nørgaard, Amaia Zurutuza, Terrance Barkan, Andrew J. Pollard","doi":"10.1038/s42254-025-00875-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-025-00875-9","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the rapid growth of 2D materials research over the past two decades in both academic and industrial settings, there remain big challenges in producing consistent, reproducible results in the field. Subtle variations in methods or materials can lead to drastically different outcomes, undermining reliability and slowing down advances. However, owing to a culture of placing greater value on novelty rather than on reproducibility, little effort is expended in ensuring that results are collected and presented in a way that enables reproducibility. This Expert Recommendation presents two protocols that researchers can follow to improve reproducibility in 2D materials science, as well as practical recommendations on how researchers can engage constructively with funders, publishers and industry to create a stronger basis for reproducibility, transparency and trust in the field. This Expert Recommendation provides tools to help researchers in 2D materials improve reproducibility in their work and practical guidance on how to engage constructively with funders, publishers and industry to create a stronger basis for reproducibility, transparency and trust in the field.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"7 12","pages":"728-738"},"PeriodicalIF":39.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145652863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-06DOI: 10.1038/s42254-025-00874-w
Bo Cheng, Moxiao Li, Min Lin, Hui Guo, Feng Xu
Despite transformative advances in nanoscale microscopy and spatiotemporal genomics, a coherent understanding of how transient mechanical events drive long-term tissue development or pathology remains elusive, exposing critical gaps in linking mechanical signals to their biological consequences. To address this disconnect, we survey the literature on timescales of membrane mechanosensing, cytoplasmic mechanotransduction and nuclear mechanoresponse, emphasizing mechanoadaptive strategies such as talin filtering of mechanical noise through folding–unfolding dynamics and force–lifetime-dependent molecular stabilization to gate nuclear signalling. By compiling the MechanoTemporal Atlas, we highlight several frontiers, including the role of pulsatile cellular contractions in tissue morphogenesis through molecular frequency modulation, the propagation of rapid mechanical signals across cells, and the dynamic sensing of viscoelastic tissue properties via time-gated cellular protrusions. Bridging these timescales promises to provide insights into the role of mechanobiology in health and disease. This Review explores how cells sense and respond to mechanical signals across timescales. By integrating mechanosensing at membranes, mechanotransduction in the cytoplasm, and nuclear reprogramming, it reveals a role of temporal dynamics in tissue development and disease.
{"title":"Mechanobiology across timescales","authors":"Bo Cheng, Moxiao Li, Min Lin, Hui Guo, Feng Xu","doi":"10.1038/s42254-025-00874-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-025-00874-w","url":null,"abstract":"Despite transformative advances in nanoscale microscopy and spatiotemporal genomics, a coherent understanding of how transient mechanical events drive long-term tissue development or pathology remains elusive, exposing critical gaps in linking mechanical signals to their biological consequences. To address this disconnect, we survey the literature on timescales of membrane mechanosensing, cytoplasmic mechanotransduction and nuclear mechanoresponse, emphasizing mechanoadaptive strategies such as talin filtering of mechanical noise through folding–unfolding dynamics and force–lifetime-dependent molecular stabilization to gate nuclear signalling. By compiling the MechanoTemporal Atlas, we highlight several frontiers, including the role of pulsatile cellular contractions in tissue morphogenesis through molecular frequency modulation, the propagation of rapid mechanical signals across cells, and the dynamic sensing of viscoelastic tissue properties via time-gated cellular protrusions. Bridging these timescales promises to provide insights into the role of mechanobiology in health and disease. This Review explores how cells sense and respond to mechanical signals across timescales. By integrating mechanosensing at membranes, mechanotransduction in the cytoplasm, and nuclear reprogramming, it reveals a role of temporal dynamics in tissue development and disease.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"7 11","pages":"621-644"},"PeriodicalIF":39.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145429587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-03DOI: 10.1038/s42254-025-00886-6
Davide Castelvecchi
80 years ago, the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Wolfgang Pauli.
80年前，沃尔夫冈·泡利获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。
{"title":"Nobel 1945: the exclusion principle","authors":"Davide Castelvecchi","doi":"10.1038/s42254-025-00886-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-025-00886-6","url":null,"abstract":"80 years ago, the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Wolfgang Pauli.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"7 10","pages":"531-531"},"PeriodicalIF":39.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145204900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-03DOI: 10.1038/s42254-025-00882-w
Zoe Budrikis
99 years ago, the 1925 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded — one year late — to James Franck and Gustav Ludwig Hertz.
99年前，1925年的诺贝尔物理学奖被授予了詹姆斯·弗兰克和古斯塔夫·路德维希·赫兹——晚了一年。
{"title":"Nobel 1925: physicists with impact","authors":"Zoe Budrikis","doi":"10.1038/s42254-025-00882-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42254-025-00882-w","url":null,"abstract":"99 years ago, the 1925 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded — one year late — to James Franck and Gustav Ludwig Hertz.","PeriodicalId":19024,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Physics","volume":"7 10","pages":"530-530"},"PeriodicalIF":39.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145204903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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