Morphologiai es igazsagugyi orvosi szemle最新文献

Morphological changes providing basis for the diagnosis of certain tubular-interstitial diseases of kidney are surveyed in this paper. Different cylinders in tubular lumen, changes of tubular epithelium of endocytotic and of other origin and inflammatory cell reactions of interstice should be considered light microscopically. Immune histological examination of tubular basal membrane is essential for proper diagnosis.

Authors studied liver biopsy of hundred infants and young children. 15 livers were normal and three of 85 patients suffering from liver disease had liver changes associated with serious alpha--1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency (in two cases with portal fibrosis associated with inflammation, in one case with portal fibrosis associated with moderate active inflammation of reduction of intrahepatic biliary ducts). Typical positive, diastase resistant globules were in the hepatocytes of only one patient, but AAT could be demonstrated in periportal liver cells of all three patients by AAT specific immuneperoxidase method. Of 830 hepatic cirrhosises in adult age, in eight cases PAS positive, diastase-resistant AAT immunreactive globules occurred in periportal hepatocytes, suggesting AAT deficiency; however, the AAT level and fenotype of these patients were not known. Examination of possibility of AAT deficiency should be performed in every case, where the cause of liver disease is unsolved; this examination is especially indicated by the presence of typical PAS positive, diastase-resistant, AAT immunreactive globules in hepatocytes.

Pancreatic function, structural changes in comparison with morphologic (histological) ones were studied in 22 patients suffering from chronic pancreatitis. Gravity of functional and structural damages--apart from minor differences--showed close cinnection with the severity of tissue alterations. In half of the cases, combination of tissue signs of obstructive and calcificating pancreatitis were observed, so it is considered gratuitous to separate sharply the two forms of chronic pancreatitis.

Our experiments aimed at the in vitro development of cells similar to macrophage foam cells of vessel wall. Fatty macrophages were produced by Intralipid incubation of peritoneal macrophages and their motility was studied in vivo. Our results showed that fat-saturated, isotope and colloid-gold marked macrophages can get through the vessel wall, so they are able to in vivo migration.

Authors describe the clinico-pathological and immunohistochemical findings of two mediastinal (seminoma and yolk-sack) and a pineal mixed (seminoma and yolk-sack) tumours. In the mediastinal yolk-sack tumour the light microscopic picture of cellular components, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), haemoglobin F (Hgb F), blood group antigen, carcinoembryonal antigen (CEA), post-digestion (neuraminidase) peanut antigen (neu-PNA) positivities suggest hepatic and intestinal differentiation. In some cells of mediastinal seminoma the glucose- and mannose-binding concanavalin-A (Con A) showed reaction. In the mixed tumour of the pineal region in addition to AFP positive cell cords some cell groups reacted with Leu-M1 (CD15) monoclonal antibodies raised against stage specific embryonic antigen 1 (SSEA1).

Potassium and phosphorus levels and the Ca: P ratio were determined in autopsy material taken from the compact bone substance of the right femur of 25 individuals of various age and either sex. Studies were made under a Tesla BS-300 scanning electron microscope connected to an EDAX-149-10 X-ray detector and a BMG-38100 X-ray analyser using 15 kV accelerating voltage, 100 pA test-current and 20 s measuring time. Different bone substances (lamellae, Haversian canals, interstitial bone) showed similatr Ca: P ratios (p greater than 0.05). However, mean mol-ratio was found to decrease with age and this was still significant (p greater than 0.05) at 95% level. The equation of the regression line was: y = -0.0013x + 1.8275, where y represents Ca: P ratio x the age. There was a close correlation between the molar ratio of Ca and P which enables this method to be applied for the assessment of individual age in forensic medicine and paleoanthropology.

Author recommends a formaldehyde solution containing sodium ditionite, piperazine and sodium acetate to re-colour organs stored in sodium acetate-formaldehyde. The hermetic closure of the solution is achieved by layering paraffin oil over the fixative.

Authors have studied in autopsy samples of 80 patients having suffered from rheumatoid arthritis the incidence and types of pancreatitis. There were 6 acute, 4 chronic-recurrent and 11 chronic severe or moderately severe pancreatitis observed. In the ethiology of pancreatites the ductal origin, cholelithiasis and uraemia were not found to be of exclusively significance. In 3 cases a pancreatitis was found accompanied by vasculitis and a typical histological pattern characterized by the vasculitis-thrombovasculitis of arterioles and small arteries with simultaneously occurring necrotic foci. In one case a pancreatitis due to severe amyloidosis could be verified. Authors draw attention to the frequent occurrence of pancreatitis in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and the difficulties of a clinical diagnosis.

Authors have applied Danazol-treatment to 15 sexually mature patients because of beningn, menorrhagic bleeding disturbances. Three months after daily 400 to 600 mg Danazol an amenorrhea ensued. Steroid determinations during drug administration were complemented by endometrial biopsy in the amenorrheal state. Samples were studied light and electron microscopically. Upon Danazol-treatment the endometrium showed a patterns resembling that in atrophy or in early proliferations stage of the menstrual cycle. This corresponded to estrogen values obtained. In 3 out of 15 cases the pseudosecretory transformation of the endometrium was observed which is explained by the interaction between Danazol and progesterone receptors.

Authors have studied the application of benzidine and its derivatives for the demonstration of the marker enzyme horseradish peroxidase. Benzidine compounds are known to be in a blueish dimeric form under oxidative circumstances, while after polymerization they yield a dark brown end product. If the dimeric state is stabilized, the 3,3'-dimethoxy benzidine (o-dianisidin) appears to be the most suitable to demonstrate peroxidase. The o-dianisidin reaction has the advantage of high sensitivity and that the end product shows a birefringence in polarized light. Upon mounting with organic media the end product is stable.