Pub Date : 2025-09-12DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00842-x
Ana Rute Costa
The construction industry consumes more than 40% of Earth’s raw material resources. It is time to rethink not just what we build, but how we value what is already built. Digital materials passports can help us to reuse and repurpose materials in the built environment, driving a shift towards a circular construction industry.
{"title":"Materials passports facilitate circularity in the construction industry","authors":"Ana Rute Costa","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00842-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00842-x","url":null,"abstract":"The construction industry consumes more than 40% of Earth’s raw material resources. It is time to rethink not just what we build, but how we value what is already built. Digital materials passports can help us to reuse and repurpose materials in the built environment, driving a shift towards a circular construction industry.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 10","pages":"720-721"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145043227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-08DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00831-0
Andrew R. Hanna, David A. Issadore, Michael J. Mitchell
To design a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) that effectively delivers nucleic acids to a specific cell or tissue type, multiple lipid components and their relative proportions must be decided on from a large number of options. As there is an incomplete understanding of the relationship between the molecular composition of a delivery vehicle, its structure and its activity, the decision is made by screening many formulations. Emerging technologies have rapidly accelerated the generation of large LNP libraries and the testing of their physicochemical properties and behaviour in vitro and in vivo. These screening tools are being increasingly integrated within artificial intelligence-driven discovery systems, wherein data obtained from the characterization and biological testing of LNPs are fed into machine learning models. These models can provide non-obvious relationships between composition and physical or biological outputs, or predict entirely new lipid structures. In this Perspective, we discuss advancements in the automation and parallelization of chemical synthesis, particle formulation, characterization and pharmacological screening that have improved the throughput of generating and testing large libraries of LNPs for nucleic acid delivery. We notably highlight the short-term potential of coupling these high-throughput platforms with machine learning to accelerate the prediction of optimal nucleic acid LNPs for new therapeutic targets. Discovering lipid nanoparticles for unmet clinical needs relies heavily on the screening of unique formulations incorporating distinct lipids and nucleic acid cargos. This Perspective highlights how automation and parallelization have accelerated the rate of lipid nanoparticle discovery and discusses how coupling these advances with machine learning enable the predictive design of new therapeutic candidates.
{"title":"High-throughput platforms for machine learning-guided lipid nanoparticle design","authors":"Andrew R. Hanna, David A. Issadore, Michael J. Mitchell","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00831-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00831-0","url":null,"abstract":"To design a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) that effectively delivers nucleic acids to a specific cell or tissue type, multiple lipid components and their relative proportions must be decided on from a large number of options. As there is an incomplete understanding of the relationship between the molecular composition of a delivery vehicle, its structure and its activity, the decision is made by screening many formulations. Emerging technologies have rapidly accelerated the generation of large LNP libraries and the testing of their physicochemical properties and behaviour in vitro and in vivo. These screening tools are being increasingly integrated within artificial intelligence-driven discovery systems, wherein data obtained from the characterization and biological testing of LNPs are fed into machine learning models. These models can provide non-obvious relationships between composition and physical or biological outputs, or predict entirely new lipid structures. In this Perspective, we discuss advancements in the automation and parallelization of chemical synthesis, particle formulation, characterization and pharmacological screening that have improved the throughput of generating and testing large libraries of LNPs for nucleic acid delivery. We notably highlight the short-term potential of coupling these high-throughput platforms with machine learning to accelerate the prediction of optimal nucleic acid LNPs for new therapeutic targets. Discovering lipid nanoparticles for unmet clinical needs relies heavily on the screening of unique formulations incorporating distinct lipids and nucleic acid cargos. This Perspective highlights how automation and parallelization have accelerated the rate of lipid nanoparticle discovery and discusses how coupling these advances with machine learning enable the predictive design of new therapeutic candidates.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"11 1","pages":"50-64"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145017728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-26DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00833-y
Fei Ai, Yi-Chun Lu
Coordination chemistry is central to the development of redox-active electrolytes for various applications, including electroplating, molecular screening, biomedicine, artificial synthesis and energy storage. This Review focuses on the role of coordination chemistry in the design of redox-active electrolytes for aqueous redox flow batteries. We analyse the key thermodynamic and kinetic properties of electrolytes through the framework of crystal-field theory, emphasizing how ligand properties, ligand-field effects and entropy influence redox potential, solubility and structural stability. We also discuss how coordination chemistry fine-tunes microscopic dynamic properties, thereby influencing electrochemical performance. In addition, we discuss characterization techniques that enable deep insight into the structure–function relationships of coordination-based electrolytes. Finally, we outline future directions for rational electrolyte design guided by coordination chemistry principles, with the aim to produce next-generation aqueous redox flow batteries with enhanced performance and tunability. Coordination chemistry has a pivotal role in advancing redox-active electrolytes for energy technologies. This Review examines how ligand properties and coordination effects shape electrolyte thermodynamics, kinetics and electrochemical performance, guiding the rational design of next-generation aqueous redox flow batteries.
{"title":"Coordination chemistry in advanced redox-active electrolyte designs","authors":"Fei Ai, Yi-Chun Lu","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00833-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00833-y","url":null,"abstract":"Coordination chemistry is central to the development of redox-active electrolytes for various applications, including electroplating, molecular screening, biomedicine, artificial synthesis and energy storage. This Review focuses on the role of coordination chemistry in the design of redox-active electrolytes for aqueous redox flow batteries. We analyse the key thermodynamic and kinetic properties of electrolytes through the framework of crystal-field theory, emphasizing how ligand properties, ligand-field effects and entropy influence redox potential, solubility and structural stability. We also discuss how coordination chemistry fine-tunes microscopic dynamic properties, thereby influencing electrochemical performance. In addition, we discuss characterization techniques that enable deep insight into the structure–function relationships of coordination-based electrolytes. Finally, we outline future directions for rational electrolyte design guided by coordination chemistry principles, with the aim to produce next-generation aqueous redox flow batteries with enhanced performance and tunability. Coordination chemistry has a pivotal role in advancing redox-active electrolytes for energy technologies. This Review examines how ligand properties and coordination effects shape electrolyte thermodynamics, kinetics and electrochemical performance, guiding the rational design of next-generation aqueous redox flow batteries.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 12","pages":"929-946"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144901133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-18DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00835-w
Lok Ming Tam, Shazia Siddiqi
Deaf and hard-of-hearing scientists face invisible barriers throughout their scientific journeys, often shaped by pervasive attitudinal bias questioning their competence. Fostering mutual understanding and implementing actionable strategies help to dismantle unjust judgements based on physiological differences and create more inclusive scientific workplaces globally.
{"title":"Making scientific workplaces inclusive for deaf and hard-of-hearing persons","authors":"Lok Ming Tam, Shazia Siddiqi","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00835-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00835-w","url":null,"abstract":"Deaf and hard-of-hearing scientists face invisible barriers throughout their scientific journeys, often shaped by pervasive attitudinal bias questioning their competence. Fostering mutual understanding and implementing actionable strategies help to dismantle unjust judgements based on physiological differences and create more inclusive scientific workplaces globally.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 9","pages":"633-635"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144900778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-13DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00837-8
Charlotte Allard
An article in Nature Sustainability reports a strategy that improves the sustainability of ammonia recovery compared with conventional methods.
《自然可持续发展》杂志上的一篇文章报道了一种与传统方法相比，提高氨回收可持续性的策略。
{"title":"Solar-driven ammonia recovery from wastewater using MXene-based sponges","authors":"Charlotte Allard","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00837-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00837-8","url":null,"abstract":"An article in Nature Sustainability reports a strategy that improves the sustainability of ammonia recovery compared with conventional methods.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 9","pages":"637-637"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144824964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-13DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00836-9
Claire Ashworth
An article in Nature Communications reports a polymer coating with oil-repellent properties comparable to that of short-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, but featuring single perfluorocarbon groups rather than longer and more toxic fluorocarbon chains.
{"title":"Sustainable slippery surfaces","authors":"Claire Ashworth","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00836-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00836-9","url":null,"abstract":"An article in Nature Communications reports a polymer coating with oil-repellent properties comparable to that of short-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, but featuring single perfluorocarbon groups rather than longer and more toxic fluorocarbon chains.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 9","pages":"636-636"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144824963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-12DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00834-x
Chao-Hai Gu, Han-Qing Yu
The transformation of municipal sludge into high-entropy single-atom catalysts offers not just a new materials synthesis route, but a new framework for how we conceive of waste, resource recovery and circularity.
{"title":"Turning sewage sludge into valuable catalysts through atomic-level circularity","authors":"Chao-Hai Gu, Han-Qing Yu","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00834-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00834-x","url":null,"abstract":"The transformation of municipal sludge into high-entropy single-atom catalysts offers not just a new materials synthesis route, but a new framework for how we conceive of waste, resource recovery and circularity.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 10","pages":"725-726"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144819695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-11DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00829-8
Nabojit Kar, Sara E. Skrabalak
‘High entropy’ has become a key concept in materials science over the past two decades, with this concept more recently extended to nanomaterials. High-entropy materials, characterized by the incorporation of five or more principal elements in nearly equal proportions, leverage entropy to promote the formation of compositionally complex single-phase materials rather than phase-segregated alternatives. The extensive compositional space of high-entropy nanomaterials, as well as their distinct structural and catalytic properties, has garnered considerable interest. The synthesis of high-quality single-phase high-entropy nanoparticles is important to fully realizing their potential to drive innovation, and numerous synthetic routes exist. Top-down methods begin with bulk high-entropy materials and break them down into nanosized structures, whereas bottom-up strategies start from atoms and build nanomaterials through nucleation and growth. In this Review, we categorize and compare the synthetic methods for high-entropy alloy and high-entropy intermetallic nanoparticles. Our discussion reveals that colloidal synthesis offers excellent control over the composition, size and shape of high-entropy nanoparticles while also providing pathways to metastable states that are not always accessible by other methods. High-entropy nanomaterials are characterized by the incorporation of five or more principal elements in nearly equal proportions. This Review highlights how different synthetic methods for these nanomaterials can facilitate control of phase and particle size and shape for applications such as catalysis.
{"title":"Synthetic methods for high-entropy nanomaterials","authors":"Nabojit Kar, Sara E. Skrabalak","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00829-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00829-8","url":null,"abstract":"‘High entropy’ has become a key concept in materials science over the past two decades, with this concept more recently extended to nanomaterials. High-entropy materials, characterized by the incorporation of five or more principal elements in nearly equal proportions, leverage entropy to promote the formation of compositionally complex single-phase materials rather than phase-segregated alternatives. The extensive compositional space of high-entropy nanomaterials, as well as their distinct structural and catalytic properties, has garnered considerable interest. The synthesis of high-quality single-phase high-entropy nanoparticles is important to fully realizing their potential to drive innovation, and numerous synthetic routes exist. Top-down methods begin with bulk high-entropy materials and break them down into nanosized structures, whereas bottom-up strategies start from atoms and build nanomaterials through nucleation and growth. In this Review, we categorize and compare the synthetic methods for high-entropy alloy and high-entropy intermetallic nanoparticles. Our discussion reveals that colloidal synthesis offers excellent control over the composition, size and shape of high-entropy nanoparticles while also providing pathways to metastable states that are not always accessible by other methods. High-entropy nanomaterials are characterized by the incorporation of five or more principal elements in nearly equal proportions. This Review highlights how different synthetic methods for these nanomaterials can facilitate control of phase and particle size and shape for applications such as catalysis.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 9","pages":"638-653"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144813006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-04DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00830-1
Davide Nodari, Zhuoran Qiao, Francesco Furlan, Oskar J. Sandberg, Koen Vandewal, Nicola Gasparini
Perovskite and organic photodiodes have emerged as promising candidates for ultraviolet–visible and near-infrared photodetection owing to their tunable optoelectronic properties, solution processability and potential for low-cost fabrication. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in these technologies. We focus on the characterization methodologies critical for assessing device performance, particularly specific detectivity (D*), the key metric for benchmarking photodetectors. We highlight state-of-the-art devices, identifying their architectures, materials and performance metrics, while analysing their fundamental charge recombination processes and device-level factors limiting further improvement. Finally, we discuss future research directions and technological innovations necessary to bridge the gap between laboratory-scale devices and their practical utilization in real-world applications. Our aim is to provide a roadmap for advancing the field towards next-generation high-performance and commercially viable photodiodes for ultraviolet–visible and infrared detection. Perovskite and organic photodiodes are gaining traction for ultraviolet–visible and near-infrared photodetection owing to their tunable properties and low-cost fabrication potential. In this Review, we discuss recent progress in this area, focusing on specific detectivity, charge recombination and key performance metrics, while outlining future directions for real-world application and commercial viability.
{"title":"Towards high and reliable specific detectivity in visible and infrared perovskite and organic photodiodes","authors":"Davide Nodari, Zhuoran Qiao, Francesco Furlan, Oskar J. Sandberg, Koen Vandewal, Nicola Gasparini","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00830-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00830-1","url":null,"abstract":"Perovskite and organic photodiodes have emerged as promising candidates for ultraviolet–visible and near-infrared photodetection owing to their tunable optoelectronic properties, solution processability and potential for low-cost fabrication. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in these technologies. We focus on the characterization methodologies critical for assessing device performance, particularly specific detectivity (D*), the key metric for benchmarking photodetectors. We highlight state-of-the-art devices, identifying their architectures, materials and performance metrics, while analysing their fundamental charge recombination processes and device-level factors limiting further improvement. Finally, we discuss future research directions and technological innovations necessary to bridge the gap between laboratory-scale devices and their practical utilization in real-world applications. Our aim is to provide a roadmap for advancing the field towards next-generation high-performance and commercially viable photodiodes for ultraviolet–visible and infrared detection. Perovskite and organic photodiodes are gaining traction for ultraviolet–visible and near-infrared photodetection owing to their tunable properties and low-cost fabrication potential. In this Review, we discuss recent progress in this area, focusing on specific detectivity, charge recombination and key performance metrics, while outlining future directions for real-world application and commercial viability.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 11","pages":"842-856"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144778538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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