Pub Date : 2007-11-15DOI: 10.11311/JSCTA1974.34.206
Masatsugu Oishi, K. Yashiro, J. Mizusaki
Various properties of the metal oxides are strongly affected by the nonstoichiometry. Therefore, nonstoichiometry is very important for understanding the basic character of the metal oxides. Nonstoichiometry of the metal oxides is often measured by the gravimetric measurements at high temperature under controlled atmospheres. As the vapor pressure of the metal is negligibly small compared to the oxygen, the nonstoichiometry behavior of the metal oxides is often measured as a function of the oxygen partial pressure. In this article, a brief review is made for the experimental technique of nonstoichiometry measurements by means of high temperature gravimetry under controlled gas-atmospheres: The oxygen nonstoichiometry is measured as the weight change at different oxygen partial pressures. The principle of the measurement is very simple. However, as the measurement is carried out at the equilibrium conditions at the high temperature under controlled oxygen partial pressures, and moreover, as the measurements often extend over a long period of time, the precision and long-time stability of the measuring system are important. Other important reminders will also be shown for the measurements procedure of the gas controlled high temperature microbalance.
{"title":"High Temperature Microbalance Technique for the Determination of the Metal Oxides Nonstoichiometry under Controlled Atmosphere","authors":"Masatsugu Oishi, K. Yashiro, J. Mizusaki","doi":"10.11311/JSCTA1974.34.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11311/JSCTA1974.34.206","url":null,"abstract":"Various properties of the metal oxides are strongly affected by the nonstoichiometry. Therefore, nonstoichiometry is very important for understanding the basic character of the metal oxides. Nonstoichiometry of the metal oxides is often measured by the gravimetric measurements at high temperature under controlled atmospheres. As the vapor pressure of the metal is negligibly small compared to the oxygen, the nonstoichiometry behavior of the metal oxides is often measured as a function of the oxygen partial pressure. In this article, a brief review is made for the experimental technique of nonstoichiometry measurements by means of high temperature gravimetry under controlled gas-atmospheres: The oxygen nonstoichiometry is measured as the weight change at different oxygen partial pressures. The principle of the measurement is very simple. However, as the measurement is carried out at the equilibrium conditions at the high temperature under controlled oxygen partial pressures, and moreover, as the measurements often extend over a long period of time, the precision and long-time stability of the measuring system are important. Other important reminders will also be shown for the measurements procedure of the gas controlled high temperature microbalance.","PeriodicalId":19096,"journal":{"name":"Netsu Sokutei","volume":"24 1","pages":"206-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74029692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-15DOI: 10.11311/JSCTA1974.34.194
Minoru Ochi, Yoshie Matsutake, K. Takeda
The glass transition temperatures for several hydrogen bonded mixtures have been presented to investigate the correlation between local structure and kinetic properties of supercooled and glassy liquids. The molar hydrogen bond nHB was utillized to estimate the composition dependence of hydrogen bond density in mixtures. The change in local structure in the present systems on mixing was discussed according to the correlation between concentration depencences of the glass transition temperature and nHB. The possibility for the formation of solvation structure caused by interaction analogous to hydrophobic interaction in acqueous solution was suggested for systems including N, N, N', N'-tetramethyl-1,2-propanediamine.
本文给出了几种氢键混合物的玻璃化转变温度，以研究过冷液体和玻璃化液体的局部结构与动力学性质之间的关系。利用摩尔氢键nHB来估计混合物中氢键密度的组成依赖性。根据玻璃化转变温度与nHB浓度依赖性的关系，讨论了混合后体系局部结构的变化。在N, N, N'， N'-四甲基-1,2-丙二胺体系中，存在类似水溶液中疏水相互作用的溶剂化结构。
{"title":"Relation between Glass Transition and Hydrogen Bond Density in Binary Mixtures of Hydrogen Bonded Liquids","authors":"Minoru Ochi, Yoshie Matsutake, K. Takeda","doi":"10.11311/JSCTA1974.34.194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11311/JSCTA1974.34.194","url":null,"abstract":"The glass transition temperatures for several hydrogen bonded mixtures have been presented to investigate the correlation between local structure and kinetic properties of supercooled and glassy liquids. The molar hydrogen bond nHB was utillized to estimate the composition dependence of hydrogen bond density in mixtures. The change in local structure in the present systems on mixing was discussed according to the correlation between concentration depencences of the glass transition temperature and nHB. The possibility for the formation of solvation structure caused by interaction analogous to hydrophobic interaction in acqueous solution was suggested for systems including N, N, N', N'-tetramethyl-1,2-propanediamine.","PeriodicalId":19096,"journal":{"name":"Netsu Sokutei","volume":"81 1","pages":"194-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83878639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-15DOI: 10.11311/jscta1974.34.202
Naoko Matsuzaka, H. Kondo, Tomoko Watanabe, Y. Ohtake
Thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of natural rubber (NR) were measured by laser-flash method, and their vulcanizing density dependence was discussed. Thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of NR remarkably increased with appearance of higher-order structure by vulcanization. Furthermore, the positive correlation between thermal diffusivity or thermal conductivity of vulcanized NR and its vulcanizing density was found
{"title":"Relationship between Vulcanizing Density and Thermal Diffusivity or Thermal Conductivity of Vulcanized Natural Rubber","authors":"Naoko Matsuzaka, H. Kondo, Tomoko Watanabe, Y. Ohtake","doi":"10.11311/jscta1974.34.202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11311/jscta1974.34.202","url":null,"abstract":"Thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of natural rubber (NR) were measured by laser-flash method, and their vulcanizing density dependence was discussed. Thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of NR remarkably increased with appearance of higher-order structure by vulcanization. Furthermore, the positive correlation between thermal diffusivity or thermal conductivity of vulcanized NR and its vulcanizing density was found","PeriodicalId":19096,"journal":{"name":"Netsu Sokutei","volume":"12 1","pages":"202-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73884745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-15DOI: 10.11311/JSCTA1974.34.244
Makoto Suzuki, T. Miyazaki
protein molecules. Fixed φ analysis gives a direct comparison of hydration properties of different solutes. With this technique we analyzed the hydration states of alkali-halides aqueous solutions, charged polymers and proteins such as F-actin solutions. Most of solutes called water structure breakers form hyper-mobile water (HMW) layer around the solutes having higher dielectric relaxation frequency than bulk water. Thus, we may obtain further information of collective properties of water surrounding ions, polymers and biomolecules.
{"title":"Hyper-Mobile Water around Ions, Charged Polymers, and Proteins Observed with High Resolution Microwave Dielectric Spectroscopy","authors":"Makoto Suzuki, T. Miyazaki","doi":"10.11311/JSCTA1974.34.244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11311/JSCTA1974.34.244","url":null,"abstract":"protein molecules. Fixed φ analysis gives a direct comparison of hydration properties of different solutes. With this technique we analyzed the hydration states of alkali-halides aqueous solutions, charged polymers and proteins such as F-actin solutions. Most of solutes called water structure breakers form hyper-mobile water (HMW) layer around the solutes having higher dielectric relaxation frequency than bulk water. Thus, we may obtain further information of collective properties of water surrounding ions, polymers and biomolecules.","PeriodicalId":19096,"journal":{"name":"Netsu Sokutei","volume":"7 1","pages":"244-250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78434569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-15DOI: 10.11311/JSCTA1974.34.232
M. Rekharsky, Y. Inoue
Recently cucurbituril macrocycles attract much attention in supramolecular chemistry and have widely been used to build a variety of self-assembled nanostructures, devices, and architectures. Appropriate design of self-assembling processes requires detailed knowledge of the thermodynamics of cucurbituril complexation with various guest molecules. Despite the significant efforts devoted in recent years to the thermodynamic investigation of cucurbituril complexation, there still remain serious discrepancies in the literature data. In this review, we wish to discuss the recent achievements as well as the remaining problems in the area of complexation thermodynamics of cucurbituril.
{"title":"Thermodynamics of Cucurbituril Complexation in Aqueous Solutions","authors":"M. Rekharsky, Y. Inoue","doi":"10.11311/JSCTA1974.34.232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11311/JSCTA1974.34.232","url":null,"abstract":"Recently cucurbituril macrocycles attract much attention in supramolecular chemistry and have widely been used to build a variety of self-assembled nanostructures, devices, and architectures. Appropriate design of self-assembling processes requires detailed knowledge of the thermodynamics of cucurbituril complexation with various guest molecules. Despite the significant efforts devoted in recent years to the thermodynamic investigation of cucurbituril complexation, there still remain serious discrepancies in the literature data. In this review, we wish to discuss the recent achievements as well as the remaining problems in the area of complexation thermodynamics of cucurbituril.","PeriodicalId":19096,"journal":{"name":"Netsu Sokutei","volume":"40 1","pages":"232-243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84991630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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