Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02637-3
Pradeep Niroula, Christopher David White, Qingfeng Wang, Sonika Johri, Daiwei Zhu, Christopher Monroe, Crystal Noel, Michael J. Gullans
Magic is a property of quantum states that enables universal fault-tolerant quantum computing using simple sets of gate operations. Understanding the mechanisms by which magic is created or destroyed is, therefore, a crucial step towards efficient and practical fault-tolerant computation. Many proposals for error correction in quantum computing make use of so-called stabilizer codes, which use multiqubit measurements to detect deviations from logical qubit states. Here we observe that a random stabilizer code subject to coherent errors exhibits a phase transition in magic, which we characterize through analytical, numerical and experimental probes. Below a critical error rate, stabilizer measurements remove the accumulated magic in the circuit, effectively protecting against coherent errors; above the critical error rate measurements concentrate magic. A better understanding of this behaviour in the resource theory of magic could help to identify the origins of quantum speedup and lead to methods for more efficient magic state generation. Coherent noise affecting a random error correcting code is now shown to produce a transition between phases that accumulate and destroy magic.
{"title":"Phase transition in magic with random quantum circuits","authors":"Pradeep Niroula, Christopher David White, Qingfeng Wang, Sonika Johri, Daiwei Zhu, Christopher Monroe, Crystal Noel, Michael J. Gullans","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02637-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02637-3","url":null,"abstract":"Magic is a property of quantum states that enables universal fault-tolerant quantum computing using simple sets of gate operations. Understanding the mechanisms by which magic is created or destroyed is, therefore, a crucial step towards efficient and practical fault-tolerant computation. Many proposals for error correction in quantum computing make use of so-called stabilizer codes, which use multiqubit measurements to detect deviations from logical qubit states. Here we observe that a random stabilizer code subject to coherent errors exhibits a phase transition in magic, which we characterize through analytical, numerical and experimental probes. Below a critical error rate, stabilizer measurements remove the accumulated magic in the circuit, effectively protecting against coherent errors; above the critical error rate measurements concentrate magic. A better understanding of this behaviour in the resource theory of magic could help to identify the origins of quantum speedup and lead to methods for more efficient magic state generation. Coherent noise affecting a random error correcting code is now shown to produce a transition between phases that accumulate and destroy magic.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"20 11","pages":"1786-1792"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02620-y
Xhek Turkeshi
Error-corrected quantum computers require access to so-called magic states to outperform classical devices. Now, a study has shown that coherent errors can drive error-correcting codes into high-magic states that could be a resource for universal quantum computing.
{"title":"Coherent errors make magic","authors":"Xhek Turkeshi","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02620-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02620-y","url":null,"abstract":"Error-corrected quantum computers require access to so-called magic states to outperform classical devices. Now, a study has shown that coherent errors can drive error-correcting codes into high-magic states that could be a resource for universal quantum computing.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"20 11","pages":"1696-1697"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02633-7
Nathan W. Moore, Mikhail Mesh, Jason J. Sanchez, Marc-Andre Schaeuble, Chad A. McCoy, Carlos R. Aragon, Kyle R. Cochrane, Michael J. Powell, Seth Root
The Chicxulub asteroid impact triggered mass extinction, mega-tsunamis and a spell of global warming that lasted for around 100,000 years. Although the recent Double Asteroid Redirection Test mission by NASA demonstrated that near-Earth objects can be successfully targeted, deflecting the most dangerous asteroids will require energy concentrations akin to nuclear explosions. However, targets suitable for practice missions are scarce. Here we demonstrate the simulation of asteroid deflection with an X-ray pulse from a dense argon plasma generated at the Z machine, a pulsed power device at Sandia National Laboratories. We use so-called X-ray scissors to place surrogate asteroidal material into free space, simultaneously severing supports and vapourizing the target surface. The ensuing explosion accelerates the mock asteroidal material in a scaled asteroid intercept mission. Deflection velocities of around 70 m s–1 for silica targets agree with radiation-hydrodynamic model predictions. We scale these results to proposed interceptor energies and predict that asteroids up to a diameter of (4 ± 1) km can be deflected with this mechanism, showing a viable way to prepare for future planetary defence missions. Deflection is one of the options discussed for preventing catastrophic collisions of asteroids with Earth. Now, a megajoule-class X-ray pulse is used to simulate such scenarios, demonstrating that it is a viable strategy at higher interceptor energies.
奇克苏鲁伯小行星撞击引发了大灭绝、特大海啸和持续约 10 万年的全球变暖。虽然美国国家航空航天局（NASA）最近的双小行星重定向试验任务表明，可以成功瞄准近地天体，但要偏转最危险的小行星，需要类似核爆炸的能量集聚。然而，适合实践任务的目标却很少。在这里，我们演示了用来自桑迪亚国家实验室脉冲功率装置 Z 机器产生的高密度氩等离子体的 X 射线脉冲模拟小行星偏转。我们使用所谓的 X 射线剪刀将代理小行星材料放入自由空间，同时切断支撑物并使目标表面汽化。随之而来的爆炸加速了按比例小行星拦截任务中的模拟小行星材料。硅质目标的偏转速度约为 70 m s-1，与辐射流体力学模型的预测结果一致。我们将这些结果与拟议的拦截器能量相匹配，并预测直径达 (4 ± 1) 千米的小行星可以通过这种机制发生偏转，这表明为未来的行星防御任务做好准备是一种可行的方法。
{"title":"Simulation of asteroid deflection with a megajoule-class X-ray pulse","authors":"Nathan W. Moore, Mikhail Mesh, Jason J. Sanchez, Marc-Andre Schaeuble, Chad A. McCoy, Carlos R. Aragon, Kyle R. Cochrane, Michael J. Powell, Seth Root","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02633-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02633-7","url":null,"abstract":"The Chicxulub asteroid impact triggered mass extinction, mega-tsunamis and a spell of global warming that lasted for around 100,000 years. Although the recent Double Asteroid Redirection Test mission by NASA demonstrated that near-Earth objects can be successfully targeted, deflecting the most dangerous asteroids will require energy concentrations akin to nuclear explosions. However, targets suitable for practice missions are scarce. Here we demonstrate the simulation of asteroid deflection with an X-ray pulse from a dense argon plasma generated at the Z machine, a pulsed power device at Sandia National Laboratories. We use so-called X-ray scissors to place surrogate asteroidal material into free space, simultaneously severing supports and vapourizing the target surface. The ensuing explosion accelerates the mock asteroidal material in a scaled asteroid intercept mission. Deflection velocities of around 70 m s–1 for silica targets agree with radiation-hydrodynamic model predictions. We scale these results to proposed interceptor energies and predict that asteroids up to a diameter of (4 ± 1) km can be deflected with this mechanism, showing a viable way to prepare for future planetary defence missions. Deflection is one of the options discussed for preventing catastrophic collisions of asteroids with Earth. Now, a megajoule-class X-ray pulse is used to simulate such scenarios, demonstrating that it is a viable strategy at higher interceptor energies.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"20 11","pages":"1833-1839"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142313699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-20DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02638-2
Shraddha Anand, Conor E. Bradley, Ryan White, Vikram Ramesh, Kevin Singh, Hannes Bernien
Large-scale Rydberg atom arrays are used for highly coherent analogue quantum simulations and for digital quantum computations. However, advanced quantum protocols, such as quantum error correction, require midcircuit qubit operations, including the replenishment, reset and read-out of a subset of qubits. A compelling strategy for unlocking these capabilities is a dual-species architecture in which a second atomic species is controlled independently and entangled with the first through Rydberg interactions. Here, we realize a dual-species Rydberg array consisting of rubidium and caesium atoms and explore regimes of interactions and dynamics not accessible in single-species architectures. We achieve enhanced interspecies interactions by electrically tuning the Rydberg states close to a Förster resonance. In this regime, we demonstrate an interspecies Rydberg blockade and implement a quantum state transfer from one species to another. We then generate a Bell state between Rb and Cs hyperfine qubits through an interspecies controlled-phase gate. Finally, we combine interspecies entanglement with a native midcircuit read-out to achieve quantum non-demolition measurements. Rydberg atoms in optical tweezers are a promising platform for quantum information science. A platform composed of dual-species Rydberg arrays has been realized, offering access to unexplored interaction regimes and crosstalk-free midcircuit control.
{"title":"A dual-species Rydberg array","authors":"Shraddha Anand, Conor E. Bradley, Ryan White, Vikram Ramesh, Kevin Singh, Hannes Bernien","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02638-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02638-2","url":null,"abstract":"Large-scale Rydberg atom arrays are used for highly coherent analogue quantum simulations and for digital quantum computations. However, advanced quantum protocols, such as quantum error correction, require midcircuit qubit operations, including the replenishment, reset and read-out of a subset of qubits. A compelling strategy for unlocking these capabilities is a dual-species architecture in which a second atomic species is controlled independently and entangled with the first through Rydberg interactions. Here, we realize a dual-species Rydberg array consisting of rubidium and caesium atoms and explore regimes of interactions and dynamics not accessible in single-species architectures. We achieve enhanced interspecies interactions by electrically tuning the Rydberg states close to a Förster resonance. In this regime, we demonstrate an interspecies Rydberg blockade and implement a quantum state transfer from one species to another. We then generate a Bell state between Rb and Cs hyperfine qubits through an interspecies controlled-phase gate. Finally, we combine interspecies entanglement with a native midcircuit read-out to achieve quantum non-demolition measurements. Rydberg atoms in optical tweezers are a promising platform for quantum information science. A platform composed of dual-species Rydberg arrays has been realized, offering access to unexplored interaction regimes and crosstalk-free midcircuit control.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"20 11","pages":"1744-1750"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-024-02638-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-20DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02644-4
Qian Liang, Zhaoli Dong, Jian-Song Pan, Hongru Wang, Hang Li, Zhaoju Yang, Wei Yi, Bo Yan
Surface currents arise in superconductors under magnetic fields and are a key signature of the Meissner effect. Similarly, chiral dynamics have been observed in quantum simulators under synthetic Abelian gauge fields. These simulators offer flexible control, enabling the engineering of non-Abelian gauge fields, although their influence on chiral dynamics remains unclear. Here, we implement a synthetic SU(2) gauge field in a spinful one-dimensional ladder and investigate the resulting chiral dynamics by developing a Raman momentum-lattice technique. We confirm the non-Abelian nature of the synthetic potential by observing the non-Abelian Aharonov–Bohm effect on a single plaquette. Furthermore, we find that the chiral current along the two legs of the ladder is spin dependent and highly tunable through the gauge potential parameters. We experimentally map out different dynamic regimes of the chiral current, revealing the competition between overlaying flux ladders with different spin compositions. Our experiment demonstrates the impact of non-Abelian gauge fields on chiral dynamics and offers a viable approach to implementing exotic synthetic gauge fields using Raman momentum lattices. The implementation of synthetic Abelian gauge fields in quantum simulators can result in chiral edge currents. The impact of non-Abelian gauge fields on chiral dynamics of ultracold atoms is now explored using a momentum-space lattice technique.
{"title":"Chiral dynamics of ultracold atoms under a tunable SU(2) synthetic gauge field","authors":"Qian Liang, Zhaoli Dong, Jian-Song Pan, Hongru Wang, Hang Li, Zhaoju Yang, Wei Yi, Bo Yan","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02644-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02644-4","url":null,"abstract":"Surface currents arise in superconductors under magnetic fields and are a key signature of the Meissner effect. Similarly, chiral dynamics have been observed in quantum simulators under synthetic Abelian gauge fields. These simulators offer flexible control, enabling the engineering of non-Abelian gauge fields, although their influence on chiral dynamics remains unclear. Here, we implement a synthetic SU(2) gauge field in a spinful one-dimensional ladder and investigate the resulting chiral dynamics by developing a Raman momentum-lattice technique. We confirm the non-Abelian nature of the synthetic potential by observing the non-Abelian Aharonov–Bohm effect on a single plaquette. Furthermore, we find that the chiral current along the two legs of the ladder is spin dependent and highly tunable through the gauge potential parameters. We experimentally map out different dynamic regimes of the chiral current, revealing the competition between overlaying flux ladders with different spin compositions. Our experiment demonstrates the impact of non-Abelian gauge fields on chiral dynamics and offers a viable approach to implementing exotic synthetic gauge fields using Raman momentum lattices. The implementation of synthetic Abelian gauge fields in quantum simulators can result in chiral edge currents. The impact of non-Abelian gauge fields on chiral dynamics of ultracold atoms is now explored using a momentum-space lattice technique.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"20 11","pages":"1738-1743"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-20DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02645-3
A tunable SU(2) gauge field has been realized experimentally in a Raman momentum lattice using ultracold atoms. The chiral dynamics of the system have been investigated under different gauge potentials, whose non-Abelian nature was confirmed through observation of the non-Abelian Aharonov–Bohm effect.
{"title":"Non-Abelian chiral dynamics in a lattice under synthetic SU(2) gauge fields","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02645-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02645-3","url":null,"abstract":"A tunable SU(2) gauge field has been realized experimentally in a Raman momentum lattice using ultracold atoms. The chiral dynamics of the system have been investigated under different gauge potentials, whose non-Abelian nature was confirmed through observation of the non-Abelian Aharonov–Bohm effect.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"20 11","pages":"1710-1711"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-19DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02657-z
Luca Asteria, F. Nur Ünal
Topological insulators exhibit unidirectional flow of robust electric charge at the edge of the system. Two recent experiments have observed these chiral edge modes in exceptionally controllable settings of ultracold atoms.
{"title":"Ultracold atoms pushed to the edge","authors":"Luca Asteria, F. Nur Ünal","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02657-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02657-z","url":null,"abstract":"Topological insulators exhibit unidirectional flow of robust electric charge at the edge of the system. Two recent experiments have observed these chiral edge modes in exceptionally controllable settings of ultracold atoms.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"20 11","pages":"1692-1693"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142245249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02634-6
Ana-Marija Nedić, Peter P. Orth
Dimensionality tuning can control fluctuations and induce complex phase diagrams with multiple orders and transitions among them. Now, experiments demonstrate intertwined vestigial order in the two- to three-dimensional crossover region in a van der Waals magnet.
{"title":"Intertwined vestigial orders in stacked magnetic flatlands","authors":"Ana-Marija Nedić, Peter P. Orth","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02634-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02634-6","url":null,"abstract":"Dimensionality tuning can control fluctuations and induce complex phase diagrams with multiple orders and transitions among them. Now, experiments demonstrate intertwined vestigial order in the two- to three-dimensional crossover region in a van der Waals magnet.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"20 11","pages":"1694-1695"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142236633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02622-w
Approximate notions of quantum error-correcting codes hold wide importance across quantum information and physics, but are not cohesively understood. Now, general rigorous connections established between approximate quantum error correction and quantum circuit complexity reveal a ‘complexity phase diagram’ for generalized quantum codes — and create a new unifying lens on complex quantum systems.
{"title":"A general theory of quantum codes connecting quantum computation, complexity and physics","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02622-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02622-w","url":null,"abstract":"Approximate notions of quantum error-correcting codes hold wide importance across quantum information and physics, but are not cohesively understood. Now, general rigorous connections established between approximate quantum error correction and quantum circuit complexity reveal a ‘complexity phase diagram’ for generalized quantum codes — and create a new unifying lens on complex quantum systems.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"20 11","pages":"1708-1709"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142236126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02628-4
Tatsuya Amano, Danylo Babich, Ritwika Mandal, Julio Guzman-Brambila, Alix Volte, Elzbieta Trzop, Marina Servol, Ernest Pastor, Maryam Alashoor, Jörgen Larsson, Andrius Jurgilaitis, Van-Thai Pham, David Kroon, John Carl Ekström, Byungnam Ahn, Céline Mariette, Matteo Levantino, Mikhail Kozhaev, Julien Tranchant, Benoit Corraze, Laurent Cario, Mohammad Dolatabadi, Vinh Ta Phuoc, Rodolphe Sopracase, Mathieu Guillon, Hirotake Itoh, Yohei Kawakami, Yuto Nakamura, Hideo Kishida, Hervé Cailleau, Maciej Lorenc, Shinichiro Iwai, Etienne Janod
Ultrafast photoexcitation can generate internal compressive stress in Mott insulators that lead to strain waves from free surfaces. These photoinduced elastic waves can trigger phase transitions in materials. However, a comprehensive physical picture of the phase transformation dynamics that includes acoustic-scale propagation has not yet been developed. Here we demonstrate that such a strain-wave mechanism drives the ultrafast insulator-to-metal phase transition in granular thin films of the Mott material V2O3. Our time-resolved optical reflectivity and X-ray diffraction measurements reveal that an inverse ferroelastic shear occurs before the insulator-to-metal transition, which propagates in the wake of a compressive strain wave. These dynamics are governed by the domain size and film thickness, respectively. Our results clarify the morphological conditions for the ultrafast phase transition that is favoured in granular thin films and hindered in single crystals. The resulting physical picture sheds light on the ultrafast phase transitions in quantum materials and future devices based on Mott insulators. The mechanism behind the ultrafast insulator-to-metal transition in Mott materials is still not well understood. Now, it is shown that this phase transition propagates along the pathway of a photoinduced compressive strain wave in prototypical V2O3.
超快光激发可在莫特绝缘体中产生内部压应力，导致自由表面产生应变波。这些光诱导弹性波可引发材料的相变。然而，关于相变动力学（包括声学尺度传播）的全面物理图景尚未形成。在这里，我们证明了这种应变波机制驱动了莫特材料 V2O3 颗粒薄膜中从绝缘体到金属的超快相变。我们的时间分辨光学反射率和 X 射线衍射测量结果表明，在绝缘体到金属的转变之前会发生反铁弹性剪切，这种剪切在压缩应变波之后传播。这些动态分别受域尺寸和薄膜厚度的制约。我们的研究结果阐明了超快相变的形态条件，这种相变在粒状薄膜中有利而在单晶体中受阻。由此得出的物理图景揭示了量子材料中的超快相变以及未来基于莫特绝缘体的设备。
{"title":"Propagation of insulator-to-metal transition driven by photoinduced strain waves in a Mott material","authors":"Tatsuya Amano, Danylo Babich, Ritwika Mandal, Julio Guzman-Brambila, Alix Volte, Elzbieta Trzop, Marina Servol, Ernest Pastor, Maryam Alashoor, Jörgen Larsson, Andrius Jurgilaitis, Van-Thai Pham, David Kroon, John Carl Ekström, Byungnam Ahn, Céline Mariette, Matteo Levantino, Mikhail Kozhaev, Julien Tranchant, Benoit Corraze, Laurent Cario, Mohammad Dolatabadi, Vinh Ta Phuoc, Rodolphe Sopracase, Mathieu Guillon, Hirotake Itoh, Yohei Kawakami, Yuto Nakamura, Hideo Kishida, Hervé Cailleau, Maciej Lorenc, Shinichiro Iwai, Etienne Janod","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02628-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02628-4","url":null,"abstract":"Ultrafast photoexcitation can generate internal compressive stress in Mott insulators that lead to strain waves from free surfaces. These photoinduced elastic waves can trigger phase transitions in materials. However, a comprehensive physical picture of the phase transformation dynamics that includes acoustic-scale propagation has not yet been developed. Here we demonstrate that such a strain-wave mechanism drives the ultrafast insulator-to-metal phase transition in granular thin films of the Mott material V2O3. Our time-resolved optical reflectivity and X-ray diffraction measurements reveal that an inverse ferroelastic shear occurs before the insulator-to-metal transition, which propagates in the wake of a compressive strain wave. These dynamics are governed by the domain size and film thickness, respectively. Our results clarify the morphological conditions for the ultrafast phase transition that is favoured in granular thin films and hindered in single crystals. The resulting physical picture sheds light on the ultrafast phase transitions in quantum materials and future devices based on Mott insulators. The mechanism behind the ultrafast insulator-to-metal transition in Mott materials is still not well understood. Now, it is shown that this phase transition propagates along the pathway of a photoinduced compressive strain wave in prototypical V2O3.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"20 11","pages":"1778-1785"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142236129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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