Pub Date : 2026-02-23DOI: 10.1038/s41567-026-03190-x
Vivek N. Prakash
{"title":"A crowd of marine embryos self-assembles into a living solid","authors":"Vivek N. Prakash","doi":"10.1038/s41567-026-03190-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-026-03190-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147278636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-20DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-03155-6
Konstantinos Konstantinou, Yansheng Zhang, Paul H. C. Wong, Feiyang Wang, Yu-Kun Lu, Nishant Dogra, Christoph Eigen, Tanish Satoor, Wolfgang Ketterle, Zoran Hadzibabic
The tendency of identical bosons to bunch, seen in the Hanbury Brown–Twiss effect and Bose–Einstein condensation, is a hallmark of quantum statistics. This bunching can enhance the rates of fundamental processes such as atom–atom and atom–light scattering when atoms scatter into already occupied states. For non-interacting bosons, the enhancement of light scattering follows directly from the occupation of the atom’s final momentum state. Here we study scattering between off-resonant light and atoms in a quasi-homogeneous Bose gas with tunable interactions and show that even weak interactions, which essentially do not alter the momentum distribution, strongly affect atom–light scattering. Changes in local atomic correlations suppress the bosonic enhancement under weak repulsive interactions and increase the scattering rate under attractive ones. Moreover, if the interactions are rapidly tuned, light scattering reveals correlation dynamics that are orders of magnitude faster than the collisional dynamics of the momentum-space populations. Its extreme sensitivity to correlation effects makes off-resonant light scattering a powerful probe of many-body physics in ultracold atomic gases.
{"title":"Suppression and enhancement of bosonic stimulation by atomic interactions","authors":"Konstantinos Konstantinou, Yansheng Zhang, Paul H. C. Wong, Feiyang Wang, Yu-Kun Lu, Nishant Dogra, Christoph Eigen, Tanish Satoor, Wolfgang Ketterle, Zoran Hadzibabic","doi":"10.1038/s41567-025-03155-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-025-03155-6","url":null,"abstract":"The tendency of identical bosons to bunch, seen in the Hanbury Brown–Twiss effect and Bose–Einstein condensation, is a hallmark of quantum statistics. This bunching can enhance the rates of fundamental processes such as atom–atom and atom–light scattering when atoms scatter into already occupied states. For non-interacting bosons, the enhancement of light scattering follows directly from the occupation of the atom’s final momentum state. Here we study scattering between off-resonant light and atoms in a quasi-homogeneous Bose gas with tunable interactions and show that even weak interactions, which essentially do not alter the momentum distribution, strongly affect atom–light scattering. Changes in local atomic correlations suppress the bosonic enhancement under weak repulsive interactions and increase the scattering rate under attractive ones. Moreover, if the interactions are rapidly tuned, light scattering reveals correlation dynamics that are orders of magnitude faster than the collisional dynamics of the momentum-space populations. Its extreme sensitivity to correlation effects makes off-resonant light scattering a powerful probe of many-body physics in ultracold atomic gases.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146223199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solids subjected to repeated cycles of stress or deformation can fail after several cycles, a phenomenon termed fatigue failure. Although intensely investigated for a wide range of materials owing to its obvious practical importance, a microscopic understanding of the initiation of fatigue failure continues to be actively pursued, in particular for soft and amorphous materials. Employing computer simulations, here we show that upon approaching the so-called fatigue limit, the failure times of glasses subjected to cyclic shear deformation display a power-law divergence, which is at variance with commonly used functional forms, and exhibit a strong dependence on the degree of annealing of the glasses. Our simulations explore measures of damage based on a quantification of plastic rearrangements and on energy dissipated. The fraction of particles that undergo plastic rearrangements and the percolation transition they undergo are both predictive of failure. We also find a robust power law between the accumulated damage, which is quantified by the energy dissipated or the non-affine displacements, and the failure times, which permits prediction of failure times based on the behaviour in the initial cycles. These observations reveal salient new microscopic features of fatigue failure and indicate approaches for developing a full microscopic picture of fatigue failure in amorphous solids.
{"title":"Fatigue failure in glasses under cyclic shear deformation","authors":"Swarnendu Maity, Himangsu Bhaumik, Shivakumar Athani, Srikanth Sastry","doi":"10.1038/s41567-026-03174-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-026-03174-x","url":null,"abstract":"Solids subjected to repeated cycles of stress or deformation can fail after several cycles, a phenomenon termed fatigue failure. Although intensely investigated for a wide range of materials owing to its obvious practical importance, a microscopic understanding of the initiation of fatigue failure continues to be actively pursued, in particular for soft and amorphous materials. Employing computer simulations, here we show that upon approaching the so-called fatigue limit, the failure times of glasses subjected to cyclic shear deformation display a power-law divergence, which is at variance with commonly used functional forms, and exhibit a strong dependence on the degree of annealing of the glasses. Our simulations explore measures of damage based on a quantification of plastic rearrangements and on energy dissipated. The fraction of particles that undergo plastic rearrangements and the percolation transition they undergo are both predictive of failure. We also find a robust power law between the accumulated damage, which is quantified by the energy dissipated or the non-affine displacements, and the failure times, which permits prediction of failure times based on the behaviour in the initial cycles. These observations reveal salient new microscopic features of fatigue failure and indicate approaches for developing a full microscopic picture of fatigue failure in amorphous solids.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"322 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146223200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-18DOI: 10.1038/s41567-026-03184-9
Ruishi Qi, Qize Li, Haleem Kim, Jiahui Nie, Zuocheng Zhang, Ruichen Xia, Zhiyuan Cui, Jianghan Xiao, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Michael F. Crommie, Feng Wang
{"title":"An exciton crystal in a moiré excitonic insulator","authors":"Ruishi Qi, Qize Li, Haleem Kim, Jiahui Nie, Zuocheng Zhang, Ruichen Xia, Zhiyuan Cui, Jianghan Xiao, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Michael F. Crommie, Feng Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41567-026-03184-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-026-03184-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146210497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-17DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-03166-3
Bowen Yang, Yi Zhuang, Gökhan Yalnız, Vasudevan Mukund, Elena Marensi, Björn Hof
Depending on the type of flow, the transition to turbulence can take one of two forms: either turbulence arises from a sequence of instabilities or from the spatial proliferation of transiently chaotic domains, a process analogous to directed percolation. The former scenario is commonly referred to as a supercritical transition and frequently encountered in flows destabilized by body forces, whereas the latter subcritical transition is common in shear flows. Both cases are inherently continuous in a sense that the transformation from ordered laminar to fully turbulent fluid motion is only accomplished gradually with flow speed. Here we show that these established transition types do not account for the more general setting of shear flows subject to body forces. The combination of the two continuous scenarios leads to the attenuation of spatial coupling; with increasing forcing amplitude, the transition becomes increasingly sharp and eventually discontinuous. We argue that the suppression of laminar–turbulent coexistence and the approach towards a discontinuous phase transition potentially apply to a broad range of situations including flows subject to, for example, buoyancy, centrifugal or electromagnetic forces.
{"title":"Discontinuous transition to shear flow turbulence","authors":"Bowen Yang, Yi Zhuang, Gökhan Yalnız, Vasudevan Mukund, Elena Marensi, Björn Hof","doi":"10.1038/s41567-025-03166-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-025-03166-3","url":null,"abstract":"Depending on the type of flow, the transition to turbulence can take one of two forms: either turbulence arises from a sequence of instabilities or from the spatial proliferation of transiently chaotic domains, a process analogous to directed percolation. The former scenario is commonly referred to as a supercritical transition and frequently encountered in flows destabilized by body forces, whereas the latter subcritical transition is common in shear flows. Both cases are inherently continuous in a sense that the transformation from ordered laminar to fully turbulent fluid motion is only accomplished gradually with flow speed. Here we show that these established transition types do not account for the more general setting of shear flows subject to body forces. The combination of the two continuous scenarios leads to the attenuation of spatial coupling; with increasing forcing amplitude, the transition becomes increasingly sharp and eventually discontinuous. We argue that the suppression of laminar–turbulent coexistence and the approach towards a discontinuous phase transition potentially apply to a broad range of situations including flows subject to, for example, buoyancy, centrifugal or electromagnetic forces.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146204864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-16DOI: 10.1038/s41567-026-03170-1
Zhongdong Han, Yiyu Xia, Zhengchao Xia, Wenjin Zhao, Yichi Zhang, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Jie Shan, Kin Fai Mak
Topological Kondo insulators are a topologically protected insulating state induced by Kondo exchange interactions between itinerant electrons and local magnetic moments, as opposed to single-particle band inversion. They are characterized by an insulating bulk with Dirac surface states in three dimensions and helical edge states in two dimensions. Although experiments have supported the emergence of these insulators in the rare-earth compound SmB 6 , their observation in two-dimensional systems has not been demonstrated. Here we report the experimental evidence of a two-dimensional topological Kondo insulator in MoTe 2 /WSe 2 moiré bilayers. Using dual-gated devices, we prepare a triangular lattice of local moments in the MoTe 2 layer and a half-filled dispersive band in the WSe 2 layer with a chiral Kondo coupling. Using transport and compressibility measurements, we show that the state supports metallic transport at high temperature and an insulating bulk with helical edge conduction protected by spin- Sz conservation at low temperature. Under high magnetic fields, the insulating state at low temperature becomes metallic. Our results demonstrate a highly tunable platform based on moiré materials for studying the interplay of strong interactions and topological order.
拓扑近藤绝缘体是一种受拓扑保护的绝缘状态，由流动电子和局部磁矩之间的近藤交换相互作用引起，而不是单粒子带反转。它们的特点是具有三维狄拉克表面态和二维螺旋边缘态的绝缘体。虽然实验支持这些绝缘体在稀土化合物smb6中的出现，但它们在二维系统中的观察尚未得到证实。在这里，我们报告了在MoTe 2 /WSe 2 moir双层中二维拓扑近藤绝缘子的实验证据。利用双门控器件，我们在MoTe 2层中制备了局部矩的三角形晶格，并在WSe 2层中制备了具有手性近藤耦合的半填充色散带。通过输运和可压缩性测量，我们证明了该态在高温下支持金属输运，在低温下支持具有螺旋边传导的绝缘体，并受到自旋- S - z守恒的保护。在强磁场作用下，低温下的绝缘状态变为金属态。我们的研究结果展示了一个基于莫尔材料的高度可调平台，用于研究强相互作用和拓扑顺序的相互作用。
{"title":"Topological Kondo insulator in MoTe2/WSe2 moiré bilayers","authors":"Zhongdong Han, Yiyu Xia, Zhengchao Xia, Wenjin Zhao, Yichi Zhang, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Jie Shan, Kin Fai Mak","doi":"10.1038/s41567-026-03170-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-026-03170-1","url":null,"abstract":"Topological Kondo insulators are a topologically protected insulating state induced by Kondo exchange interactions between itinerant electrons and local magnetic moments, as opposed to single-particle band inversion. They are characterized by an insulating bulk with Dirac surface states in three dimensions and helical edge states in two dimensions. Although experiments have supported the emergence of these insulators in the rare-earth compound SmB <jats:sub>6</jats:sub> , their observation in two-dimensional systems has not been demonstrated. Here we report the experimental evidence of a two-dimensional topological Kondo insulator in MoTe <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> /WSe <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> moiré bilayers. Using dual-gated devices, we prepare a triangular lattice of local moments in the MoTe <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> layer and a half-filled dispersive band in the WSe <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> layer with a chiral Kondo coupling. Using transport and compressibility measurements, we show that the state supports metallic transport at high temperature and an insulating bulk with helical edge conduction protected by spin- <jats:italic>S</jats:italic> <jats:sub> <jats:italic>z</jats:italic> </jats:sub> conservation at low temperature. Under high magnetic fields, the insulating state at low temperature becomes metallic. Our results demonstrate a highly tunable platform based on moiré materials for studying the interplay of strong interactions and topological order.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146204867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-03153-8
Paul Erickson
{"title":"The paper trail of nuclear strategy","authors":"Paul Erickson","doi":"10.1038/s41567-025-03153-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-025-03153-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"22 2","pages":"175-175"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146176703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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