首页 > 最新文献

Nature Physics最新文献

英文 中文
Observation of chiral edge transport in a rapidly rotating quantum gas 快速旋转量子气体中的手性边缘传输观测
IF 17.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02617-7
Ruixiao Yao, Sungjae Chi, Biswaroop Mukherjee, Airlia Shaffer, Martin Zwierlein, Richard J. Fletcher
The frictionless directional propagation of particles at the boundary of topological materials is a striking transport phenomenon. These chiral edge modes lie at the heart of the integer and fractional quantum Hall effects, and their robustness against noise and disorder reflects the quantization of Hall conductivity in these systems. Despite their importance, the controllable injection of edge modes, and direct imaging of their propagation, structure and dynamics, remains challenging. Here we demonstrate the distillation of chiral edge modes in a rapidly rotating bosonic superfluid confined by an optical boundary. By tuning the wall sharpness, we reveal the smooth crossover between soft wall behaviour in which the propagation speed is proportional to wall steepness and the hard wall regime that exhibits chiral free particles. From the skipping motion of atoms along the boundary we infer the energy gap between the ground and first excited edge bands, and reveal its evolution from the bulk Landau level splitting for a soft boundary to the hard wall limit. Finally, we demonstrate the robustness of edge propagation against disorder by projecting an optical obstacle that is static in the rotating frame. Edge modes are a key feature of topological materials, but their propagation is difficult to directly observe in condensed matter systems. The controlled injection and propagation of chiral edge modes has now been shown in a rotating ultracold gas.
粒子在拓扑材料边界的无摩擦定向传播是一种引人注目的传输现象。这些手性边缘模式是整数和分数量子霍尔效应的核心,它们对噪声和无序的稳健性反映了霍尔电导率在这些系统中的量子化。尽管它们非常重要,但边缘模的可控注入及其传播、结构和动态的直接成像仍然具有挑战性。在这里,我们展示了手性边缘模式在光学边界限制的快速旋转玻色超流体中的蒸馏。通过调整壁的陡度,我们揭示了软壁行为(传播速度与壁的陡度成正比)与硬壁机制(表现出手性自由粒子)之间的平滑交叉。我们从原子沿边界的跳跃运动中推断出基带和第一激发边带之间的能隙,并揭示了它从软边界的体兰道水平分裂到硬壁极限的演变过程。最后,我们通过投射一个在旋转框架中静止的光学障碍物,证明了边缘传播对无序的稳健性。
{"title":"Observation of chiral edge transport in a rapidly rotating quantum gas","authors":"Ruixiao Yao, Sungjae Chi, Biswaroop Mukherjee, Airlia Shaffer, Martin Zwierlein, Richard J. Fletcher","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02617-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02617-7","url":null,"abstract":"The frictionless directional propagation of particles at the boundary of topological materials is a striking transport phenomenon. These chiral edge modes lie at the heart of the integer and fractional quantum Hall effects, and their robustness against noise and disorder reflects the quantization of Hall conductivity in these systems. Despite their importance, the controllable injection of edge modes, and direct imaging of their propagation, structure and dynamics, remains challenging. Here we demonstrate the distillation of chiral edge modes in a rapidly rotating bosonic superfluid confined by an optical boundary. By tuning the wall sharpness, we reveal the smooth crossover between soft wall behaviour in which the propagation speed is proportional to wall steepness and the hard wall regime that exhibits chiral free particles. From the skipping motion of atoms along the boundary we infer the energy gap between the ground and first excited edge bands, and reveal its evolution from the bulk Landau level splitting for a soft boundary to the hard wall limit. Finally, we demonstrate the robustness of edge propagation against disorder by projecting an optical obstacle that is static in the rotating frame. Edge modes are a key feature of topological materials, but their propagation is difficult to directly observe in condensed matter systems. The controlled injection and propagation of chiral edge modes has now been shown in a rotating ultracold gas.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"20 11","pages":"1726-1731"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142142384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Complexity and order in approximate quantum error-correcting codes 近似量子纠错码的复杂性和有序性
IF 17.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02621-x
Jinmin Yi, Weicheng Ye, Daniel Gottesman, Zi-Wen Liu
Some form of quantum error correction is necessary to produce large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computers and finds broad relevance in physics. Most studies customarily assume exact correction. However, codes that may only enable approximate quantum error correction (AQEC) could be useful and intrinsically important in many practical and physical contexts. Here we establish rigorous connections between quantum circuit complexity and AQEC capability. Our analysis covers systems with both all-to-all connectivity and geometric scenarios like lattice systems. To this end, we introduce a type of code parameter that we call subsystem variance, which is closely related to the optimal AQEC precision. For a code encoding k logical qubits in n physical qubits, we find that if the subsystem variance is below an O(k/n) threshold, then any state in the code subspace must obey certain circuit complexity lower bounds, which identify non-trivial phases of codes. This theory of AQEC provides a versatile framework for understanding quantum complexity and order in many-body quantum systems, generating new insights for wide-ranging important physical scenarios such as topological order and critical quantum systems. Our results suggest that O(1/n) represents a common, physically profound scaling threshold of subsystem variance for features associated with non-trivial quantum order. Approximate—rather than exact—quantum error correction is a useful but relatively unexplored idea in quantum computing and many-body physics. A theoretical framework has now been established based on connections with quantum circuit complexity.
某种形式的量子纠错是生产大规模容错量子计算机所必需的,并在物理学中具有广泛的相关性。大多数研究通常假定存在精确纠错。然而,只能实现近似量子纠错(AQEC)的代码在许多实际和物理环境中可能是有用的,而且具有内在的重要性。在这里,我们在量子电路复杂性和 AQEC 能力之间建立了严格的联系。我们的分析涵盖了具有全对全连接性的系统和几何场景(如晶格系统)。为此,我们引入了一种代码参数,称之为子系统方差,它与最佳 AQEC 精度密切相关。对于在 n 个物理量子比特中编码 k 个逻辑量子比特的代码,我们发现,如果子系统方差低于 O(k/n) 门限,那么代码子空间中的任何状态都必须服从某些电路复杂度下限,而这些电路复杂度下限可以确定代码的非琐碎阶段。这种 AQEC 理论为理解多体量子系统中的量子复杂性和有序性提供了一个通用框架,为拓扑有序和临界量子系统等广泛的重要物理场景提供了新的见解。我们的研究结果表明,O(1/n) 代表了与非琐碎量子秩序相关特征的子系统方差的一个常见的、物理意义深远的缩放阈值。
{"title":"Complexity and order in approximate quantum error-correcting codes","authors":"Jinmin Yi, Weicheng Ye, Daniel Gottesman, Zi-Wen Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02621-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02621-x","url":null,"abstract":"Some form of quantum error correction is necessary to produce large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computers and finds broad relevance in physics. Most studies customarily assume exact correction. However, codes that may only enable approximate quantum error correction (AQEC) could be useful and intrinsically important in many practical and physical contexts. Here we establish rigorous connections between quantum circuit complexity and AQEC capability. Our analysis covers systems with both all-to-all connectivity and geometric scenarios like lattice systems. To this end, we introduce a type of code parameter that we call subsystem variance, which is closely related to the optimal AQEC precision. For a code encoding k logical qubits in n physical qubits, we find that if the subsystem variance is below an O(k/n) threshold, then any state in the code subspace must obey certain circuit complexity lower bounds, which identify non-trivial phases of codes. This theory of AQEC provides a versatile framework for understanding quantum complexity and order in many-body quantum systems, generating new insights for wide-ranging important physical scenarios such as topological order and critical quantum systems. Our results suggest that O(1/n) represents a common, physically profound scaling threshold of subsystem variance for features associated with non-trivial quantum order. Approximate—rather than exact—quantum error correction is a useful but relatively unexplored idea in quantum computing and many-body physics. A theoretical framework has now been established based on connections with quantum circuit complexity.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"20 11","pages":"1798-1803"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142123676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Opportunities in nanoscale probing of laser-driven phase transitions 激光驱动相变的纳米级探测机遇
IF 17.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02603-z
Michael Yannai, Matan Haller, Ron Ruimy, Alexey Gorlach, Nicholas Rivera, Dmitri N. Basov, Ido Kaminer
For several decades, optical near-field microscopy has facilitated pioneering investigations of photonic excitations at the nanoscale. In recent years, near-field microscopy of terahertz fields has emerged as an important tool for experiments involving phononic and electronic phenomena, rich spatiotemporal dynamics and highly nonlinear processes. Building on this foundation, this Perspective elucidates the transformative opportunities provided by terahertz near-field microscopy to probe ultrafast phase transitions, helping to tackle previously inaccessible challenges of condensed matter physics. Laser-driven phase transitions in many systems are accompanied by the generation of terahertz pulses with spatiotemporal features governed by the complex physics underlying the phase transition. The characterization of these emitted pulses using terahertz near-field microscopy techniques could therefore support the investigation of ultrafast phase transition dynamics. This approach could, for example, allow the observation of ultrafast topological transitions in quantum materials, showcasing its ability to clarify the dynamic processes underlying phase changes. Optical near-field microscopy has facilitated our understanding of nanophotonics. This Perspective explores the opportunities that near-field studies of terahertz fields provide for ultrafast phase transitions in condensed matter systems.
几十年来,光学近场显微镜促进了对纳米尺度光子激发的开创性研究。近年来,太赫兹近场显微镜已成为涉及声子和电子现象、丰富时空动态和高度非线性过程的重要实验工具。在此基础上,本视角阐明了太赫兹近场显微镜为探测超快相变提供的变革性机遇,有助于解决凝聚态物理领域以前无法解决的难题。在许多系统中,激光驱动的相变都伴随着太赫兹脉冲的产生,这些脉冲的时空特征受相变背后的复杂物理学所支配。因此,利用太赫兹近场显微镜技术对这些发射脉冲进行表征有助于研究超快相变动力学。例如,这种方法可以观测量子材料中的超快拓扑转变,展示其阐明相变动态过程的能力。
{"title":"Opportunities in nanoscale probing of laser-driven phase transitions","authors":"Michael Yannai, Matan Haller, Ron Ruimy, Alexey Gorlach, Nicholas Rivera, Dmitri N. Basov, Ido Kaminer","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02603-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02603-z","url":null,"abstract":"For several decades, optical near-field microscopy has facilitated pioneering investigations of photonic excitations at the nanoscale. In recent years, near-field microscopy of terahertz fields has emerged as an important tool for experiments involving phononic and electronic phenomena, rich spatiotemporal dynamics and highly nonlinear processes. Building on this foundation, this Perspective elucidates the transformative opportunities provided by terahertz near-field microscopy to probe ultrafast phase transitions, helping to tackle previously inaccessible challenges of condensed matter physics. Laser-driven phase transitions in many systems are accompanied by the generation of terahertz pulses with spatiotemporal features governed by the complex physics underlying the phase transition. The characterization of these emitted pulses using terahertz near-field microscopy techniques could therefore support the investigation of ultrafast phase transition dynamics. This approach could, for example, allow the observation of ultrafast topological transitions in quantum materials, showcasing its ability to clarify the dynamic processes underlying phase changes. Optical near-field microscopy has facilitated our understanding of nanophotonics. This Perspective explores the opportunities that near-field studies of terahertz fields provide for ultrafast phase transitions in condensed matter systems.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"20 9","pages":"1383-1388"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142085737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dimensionality crossover to a two-dimensional vestigial nematic state from a three-dimensional antiferromagnet in a honeycomb van der Waals magnet 从蜂巢范德瓦耳斯磁体中的三维反铁磁体到二维残余向列状态的维度交叉
IF 17.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02618-6
Zeliang Sun, Gaihua Ye, Chengkang Zhou, Mengqi Huang, Nan Huang, Xilong Xu, Qiuyang Li, Guoxin Zheng, Zhipeng Ye, Cynthia Nnokwe, Lu Li, Hui Deng, Li Yang, David Mandrus, Zi Yang Meng, Kai Sun, Chunhui Rita Du, Rui He, Liuyan Zhao
The effects of fluctuations and disorder, which are substantially enhanced in reduced dimensionalities, can play a crucial role in producing non-trivial phases of matter such as vestigial orders characterized by a composite order parameter. However, fluctuation-driven magnetic phases in low dimensions have remained relatively unexplored. Here we demonstrate a phase transition from the zigzag antiferromagnetic order in the three-dimensional bulk to a Z3 vestigial Potts nematicity in two-dimensional few-layer samples of van der Waals magnet NiPS3. Our spin relaxometry and optical spectroscopy measurements reveal that the spin fluctuations are enhanced over the gigahertz to terahertz range as the layer number of NiPS3 reduces. Monte Carlo simulations corroborate the experimental finding of threefold rotational symmetry breaking but show that the translational symmetry is restored in thin layers of NiPS3. Therefore, our results show that strong quantum fluctuations can stabilize an unconventional magnetic phase after destroying a more conventional one. Magnetic phases that are stabilized by quantum fluctuations in low dimensions are rare. A thickness-dependent crossover from three-dimensional antiferromagnetism to a two-dimensional vestigial nematic state that is driven by fluctuations has now been observed.
波动和无序的影响在维度降低的情况下会大大增强,它们在产生非三维物质相(如以复合阶次参数为特征的残阶)方面起着至关重要的作用。然而,低维度波动驱动的磁性相位仍相对缺乏探索。在这里,我们展示了在范德华磁体 NiPS3 的二维少层样品中,从三维体中的之字形反铁磁性阶到 Z3 波茨向列性阶的相变。我们的自旋弛豫测量法和光学光谱测量显示,随着 NiPS3 层数的减少,自旋波动在千兆赫到太赫兹范围内会增强。蒙特卡罗模拟证实了三倍旋转对称性破缺的实验发现,但表明在 NiPS3 薄层中平移对称性得到了恢复。因此,我们的研究结果表明,强量子波动可以在破坏一个更传统的磁相后稳定一个非常规磁相。
{"title":"Dimensionality crossover to a two-dimensional vestigial nematic state from a three-dimensional antiferromagnet in a honeycomb van der Waals magnet","authors":"Zeliang Sun, Gaihua Ye, Chengkang Zhou, Mengqi Huang, Nan Huang, Xilong Xu, Qiuyang Li, Guoxin Zheng, Zhipeng Ye, Cynthia Nnokwe, Lu Li, Hui Deng, Li Yang, David Mandrus, Zi Yang Meng, Kai Sun, Chunhui Rita Du, Rui He, Liuyan Zhao","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02618-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02618-6","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of fluctuations and disorder, which are substantially enhanced in reduced dimensionalities, can play a crucial role in producing non-trivial phases of matter such as vestigial orders characterized by a composite order parameter. However, fluctuation-driven magnetic phases in low dimensions have remained relatively unexplored. Here we demonstrate a phase transition from the zigzag antiferromagnetic order in the three-dimensional bulk to a Z3 vestigial Potts nematicity in two-dimensional few-layer samples of van der Waals magnet NiPS3. Our spin relaxometry and optical spectroscopy measurements reveal that the spin fluctuations are enhanced over the gigahertz to terahertz range as the layer number of NiPS3 reduces. Monte Carlo simulations corroborate the experimental finding of threefold rotational symmetry breaking but show that the translational symmetry is restored in thin layers of NiPS3. Therefore, our results show that strong quantum fluctuations can stabilize an unconventional magnetic phase after destroying a more conventional one. Magnetic phases that are stabilized by quantum fluctuations in low dimensions are rare. A thickness-dependent crossover from three-dimensional antiferromagnetism to a two-dimensional vestigial nematic state that is driven by fluctuations has now been observed.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"20 11","pages":"1764-1771"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142084957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Universal symmetry breaking passes the superfluid test 宇宙对称性破缺通过超流体检验
IF 17.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02609-7
Adolfo del Campo, Seong-Ho Shinn
The Kibble–Zurek mechanism is a key framework for describing the dynamics of continuous phase transitions. Recent experiments with ultracold gases, employing alternative methods to create a superfluid, highlight its universality.
基布尔-祖雷克机制是描述连续相变动力学的一个关键框架。最近的超冷气体实验采用了其他方法来产生超流体,凸显了其普遍性。
{"title":"Universal symmetry breaking passes the superfluid test","authors":"Adolfo del Campo, Seong-Ho Shinn","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02609-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02609-7","url":null,"abstract":"The Kibble–Zurek mechanism is a key framework for describing the dynamics of continuous phase transitions. Recent experiments with ultracold gases, employing alternative methods to create a superfluid, highlight its universality.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"20 10","pages":"1523-1524"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142013739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nematic proteins on the treadmill 跑步机上的线粒体蛋白质
IF 17.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02615-9
Zhixin Lyu
Understanding the mechanism of bacterial cell division is important in both fundamental and applied biology. Now, researchers have investigated the self-organization of cytoskeletal filaments and the role nematic ordering plays in cell division.
了解细菌细胞分裂的机制对于基础生物学和应用生物学都非常重要。现在,研究人员对细胞骨架丝的自组织以及向列有序在细胞分裂中所起的作用进行了研究。
{"title":"Nematic proteins on the treadmill","authors":"Zhixin Lyu","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02615-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02615-9","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the mechanism of bacterial cell division is important in both fundamental and applied biology. Now, researchers have investigated the self-organization of cytoskeletal filaments and the role nematic ordering plays in cell division.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"20 10","pages":"1534-1535"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142013740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessment of the errors of high-fidelity two-qubit gates in silicon quantum dots 评估硅量子点中高保真双量子比特栅极的误差
IF 17.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02614-w
Tuomo Tanttu, Wee Han Lim, Jonathan Y. Huang, Nard Dumoulin Stuyck, Will Gilbert, Rocky Y. Su, MengKe Feng, Jesus D. Cifuentes, Amanda E. Seedhouse, Stefan K. Seritan, Corey I. Ostrove, Kenneth M. Rudinger, Ross C. C. Leon, Wister Huang, Christopher C. Escott, Kohei M. Itoh, Nikolay V. Abrosimov, Hans-Joachim Pohl, Michael L. W. Thewalt, Fay E. Hudson, Robin Blume-Kohout, Stephen D. Bartlett, Andrea Morello, Arne Laucht, Chih Hwan Yang, Andre Saraiva, Andrew S. Dzurak
Achieving high-fidelity entangling operations between qubits consistently is essential for the performance of multi-qubit systems. Solid-state platforms are particularly exposed to errors arising from materials-induced variability between qubits, which leads to performance inconsistencies. Here we study the errors in a spin qubit processor, tying them to their physical origins. We use this knowledge to demonstrate consistent and repeatable operation with above 99% fidelity of two-qubit gates in the technologically important silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor quantum dot platform. Analysis of the physical errors and fidelities in multiple devices over extended periods allows us to ensure that we capture the variation and the most common error types. Physical error sources include the slow nuclear and electrical noise on single qubits and contextual noise that depends on the applied control sequence. Furthermore, we investigate the impact of qubit design, feedback systems and robust gate design to inform the design of future scalable, high-fidelity control strategies. Our results highlight both the capabilities and challenges for the scaling-up of silicon spin-based qubits into full-scale quantum processors. For solid-state qubits, the material environment hosts sources of errors that vary in time and space. This systematic analysis of errors affecting high-fidelity two-qubit gates in silicon can inform the design of large-scale quantum computers.
在量子比特之间持续实现高保真纠缠操作对多量子比特系统的性能至关重要。固态平台尤其容易受到材料引起的量子比特之间的变化所产生的误差的影响,从而导致性能不一致。在这里,我们研究了自旋量子比特处理器中的误差,并将其与物理根源联系起来。我们利用这些知识,在具有重要技术意义的硅金属氧化物半导体量子点平台上,展示了保真度超过 99% 的双量子比特门的一致性和可重复性操作。通过长期分析多个器件中的物理误差和保真度,我们可以确保捕捉到变化和最常见的误差类型。物理误差源包括单量子比特上的慢核噪声和电噪声,以及取决于应用控制序列的上下文噪声。此外,我们还研究了量子比特设计、反馈系统和稳健门设计的影响,为设计未来可扩展的高保真控制策略提供信息。我们的研究结果凸显了将基于硅自旋的量子比特升级为大规模量子处理器的能力和挑战。
{"title":"Assessment of the errors of high-fidelity two-qubit gates in silicon quantum dots","authors":"Tuomo Tanttu, Wee Han Lim, Jonathan Y. Huang, Nard Dumoulin Stuyck, Will Gilbert, Rocky Y. Su, MengKe Feng, Jesus D. Cifuentes, Amanda E. Seedhouse, Stefan K. Seritan, Corey I. Ostrove, Kenneth M. Rudinger, Ross C. C. Leon, Wister Huang, Christopher C. Escott, Kohei M. Itoh, Nikolay V. Abrosimov, Hans-Joachim Pohl, Michael L. W. Thewalt, Fay E. Hudson, Robin Blume-Kohout, Stephen D. Bartlett, Andrea Morello, Arne Laucht, Chih Hwan Yang, Andre Saraiva, Andrew S. Dzurak","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02614-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02614-w","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving high-fidelity entangling operations between qubits consistently is essential for the performance of multi-qubit systems. Solid-state platforms are particularly exposed to errors arising from materials-induced variability between qubits, which leads to performance inconsistencies. Here we study the errors in a spin qubit processor, tying them to their physical origins. We use this knowledge to demonstrate consistent and repeatable operation with above 99% fidelity of two-qubit gates in the technologically important silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor quantum dot platform. Analysis of the physical errors and fidelities in multiple devices over extended periods allows us to ensure that we capture the variation and the most common error types. Physical error sources include the slow nuclear and electrical noise on single qubits and contextual noise that depends on the applied control sequence. Furthermore, we investigate the impact of qubit design, feedback systems and robust gate design to inform the design of future scalable, high-fidelity control strategies. Our results highlight both the capabilities and challenges for the scaling-up of silicon spin-based qubits into full-scale quantum processors. For solid-state qubits, the material environment hosts sources of errors that vary in time and space. This systematic analysis of errors affecting high-fidelity two-qubit gates in silicon can inform the design of large-scale quantum computers.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"20 11","pages":"1804-1809"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-024-02614-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142007343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Precise precognition 精确预知
IF 17.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02623-9
Karen Mudryk
{"title":"Precise precognition","authors":"Karen Mudryk","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02623-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02623-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"20 8","pages":"1230-1230"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141973886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Physics pushes peak performance 物理学推动高峰性能
IF 17.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02625-7
In light of the recent Olympic and upcoming Paralympic Summer Games in Paris, we take a closer look at the physics of sports and how it helps athletes improve their performance.
鉴于最近在巴黎举行的奥运会和即将在巴黎举行的夏季残奥会,我们对体育物理学以及物理学如何帮助运动员提高成绩进行了深入探讨。
{"title":"Physics pushes peak performance","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02625-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02625-7","url":null,"abstract":"In light of the recent Olympic and upcoming Paralympic Summer Games in Paris, we take a closer look at the physics of sports and how it helps athletes improve their performance.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"20 8","pages":"1219-1219"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-024-02625-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141973889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Don’t flock to faulty AI fashion 不要对错误的人工智能时尚趋之若鹜
IF 17.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02604-y
Mark Buchanan
{"title":"Don’t flock to faulty AI fashion","authors":"Mark Buchanan","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02604-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02604-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"20 8","pages":"1220-1220"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141973891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Nature Physics
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1