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2021 22nd IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)最新文献

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Implicit Templates for Conformance Units in OPC UA Companion Specifications OPC UA配套规范中一致性单元的隐式模板
Pub Date : 2021-03-10 DOI: 10.1109/ICIT46573.2021.9453582
Sebastian Friedl, Tonja Heinemann, A. Lechler, O. Riedel
Due to its importance in the Industry 4.0 movement, the usage of OPC UA has increased in recent years. More and more vendor-independent and domain-specific models are developed as so-called Companion Specifications. OPC UA Profiles allow to subdivide functionality within the Companion Specifications, and thus offer flexibility to the standards. An OPC UA Profile is a set of individually testable entities called Conformance Units, which are also defined within the Companion Specification. In this work, similarities between Conformance Units defined by different working groups are analyzed and grouped in CU classes by the scope of the Conformance Units. For the most prevalent CU classes, textual templates are suggested, based on the typical formulations in existing Companion Specifications. These templates are intended to ease the development of Companion Specifications and the Conformance Units therein. The CU classes identified in this work suggest the templates can be used for more than two-thirds of the Conformance Units in a Companion Specification. The CU classes and templates are also a step towards automation in the generation of OPC UA Companion Specification Documents and test cases for the Conformance Units.
由于其在工业4.0运动中的重要性,OPC UA的使用近年来有所增加。越来越多的独立于供应商和特定于领域的模型被开发为所谓的配套规范。OPC UA配置文件允许在配套规范中细分功能,从而为标准提供灵活性。OPC UA概要文件是一组单独可测试的实体,称为一致性单元,它也在伴随规范中定义。在这项工作中,由不同工作组定义的一致性单元之间的相似性被分析,并根据一致性单元的范围在CU类中分组。对于最流行的CU类,建议使用基于现有同伴规范中的典型公式的文本模板。这些模板旨在简化伴随规范和其中的一致性单元的开发。在这项工作中确定的CU类表明模板可以用于配套规范中超过三分之二的一致性单元。CU类和模板也是自动化生成OPC UA配套规范文档和一致性单元测试用例的一个步骤。
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引用次数: 0
Model predictive control of vehicle dynamics based on the Koopman operator with extended dynamic mode decomposition 基于扩展动态模态分解的Koopman算子的车辆动力学模型预测控制
Pub Date : 2021-03-10 DOI: 10.1109/ICIT46573.2021.9453623
M. Švec, Š. Ileš, J. Matuško
The control of vehicle dynamics is a very demanding task due to the complex nonlinear tire characteristics and the coupled lateral and longitudinal dynamics of the vehicle. When designing a Model Predictive Controller (MPC) for vehicle dynamics, this can lead to a non-convex optimization problem. A novel approach to solve the problem of controlling nonlinear systems is based on the so-called Koopman operator. The Koopman operator is a linear operator that governs the evolution of scalar functions (often referred to as observables) along the trajectories of a given nonlinear dynamical system and is a powerful tool for the analysis and decomposition of nonlinear dynamical systems. The main idea is to lift the nonlinear dynamics to a higher dimensional space where its evolution can be described with a linear system model. In this paper we propose a model predictive controller for vehicle dynamics based on the Kooopman operator decomposition of vehicle dynamics with Extended Dynamic Mode Decomposition (EDMD) method. Both model identification and predictive controller design are validated using Matlab/Simulink environment.
由于轮胎复杂的非线性特性以及车辆的横向和纵向耦合动力学,车辆动力学控制是一项非常艰巨的任务。在设计车辆动力学模型预测控制器(MPC)时,这可能导致非凸优化问题。一种新的解决非线性系统控制问题的方法是基于所谓的库普曼算子。库普曼算子是一种线性算子,它控制标量函数(通常称为可观测值)沿着给定的非线性动力系统的轨迹的演化,是分析和分解非线性动力系统的有力工具。其主要思想是将非线性动力学提升到高维空间,在高维空间中,其演化可以用线性系统模型来描述。本文提出了一种基于扩展动态模态分解(EDMD)方法对车辆动力学进行Kooopman算子分解的模型预测控制器。在Matlab/Simulink环境下对模型辨识和预测控制器设计进行了验证。
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引用次数: 9
Grid connected Photovoltaic System Based on SPUC5 Inverter 基于SPUC5逆变器的并网光伏系统
Pub Date : 2021-03-10 DOI: 10.1109/ICIT46573.2021.9453560
H. E. Ouardi, Mohammed El Alaoui, Mariam Nabaoui, M. Habib, A. E. Gadari, Y. Ounejjar, K. Al-haddad
In this paper, a new single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system, based on the five-level S-Packed U-Cell (SPUC5) inverter, is presented. This novel topology requires a minimum number of components while providing a maximum number of voltage levels. The Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controller is applied to the five-level SPUC inverter in order to insure the self-balancing to the capacitors voltages and fix them to the half of the DC-link voltage. The Incremental Conductance (INC) is the method of controlling the DC/DC converter chosen by the authors to reach the Maximum Power Point (MPP) delivered by the PV array. Simulation results obtained using MATLAB/Simulink environment prove the high efficiency and the good dynamic of the proposed system even in case of radiation changes. The Total Harmonic Distortions (THD) of the output current is less than 5% which corresponds to the grid injection standards even without using filters.
提出了一种基于5级s - pack U-Cell (SPUC5)逆变器的新型单相光伏并网系统。这种新颖的拓扑结构需要最少数量的组件,同时提供最多数量的电压电平。在五电平SPUC逆变器中采用脉宽调制(PWM)控制器,以保证电容电压的自平衡,并将电容电压固定在直流电压的一半。增量电导(INC)是作者选择的控制DC/DC变换器达到光伏阵列提供的最大功率点(MPP)的方法。在MATLAB/Simulink环境下的仿真结果表明,即使在辐射发生变化的情况下,该系统也具有较高的效率和良好的动态性。输出电流的总谐波失真(THD)小于5%,即使不使用滤波器也符合电网注入标准。
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引用次数: 1
Curiosity Based RL on Robot Manufacturing Cell 基于好奇心的RL机器人制造单元
Pub Date : 2021-03-10 DOI: 10.1109/ICIT46573.2021.9453577
Mohammed Sharafath Abdul Hameed, Md Muzahid Khan, Andreas Schwung
This paper introduces a novel combination of scheduling control on a flexible robot manufacturing cell with curiosity based RL. Reinforcement learning has proved to be highly successful in solving tasks like robotics and scheduling. But this requires hand tuning of rewards in problem domains like robotics and scheduling even where the solution is not obvious. To this end, we apply a curiosity based reinforcement learning, using intrinsic motivation as a form of reward, on a flexible robot manufacturing cell to alleviate this problem. Further, the learning agents are embedded into the transportation robots to enable a generalized learning solution that can be applied to a variety of environments. In the first approach, the curiosity based reinforcement learning is applied to a simple structured robot manufacturing cell. And in the second approach, the same algorithm is applied to a graph structured robot manufacturing cell. Results from the experiments show that the agents are able to solve both the environments with the ability to transfer the curiosity module directly from one environment to another. We conclude that curiosity based learning on scheduling tasks provide a viable alternative to the reward shaped reinforcement learning traditionally used.
介绍了一种柔性机器人制造单元调度控制与基于好奇心的强化学习相结合的新方法。事实证明,强化学习在解决机器人和调度等任务方面非常成功。但这需要在机器人和调度等问题领域手动调整奖励,即使解决方案并不明显。为此,我们在一个柔性机器人制造单元上应用基于好奇心的强化学习,使用内在动机作为一种奖励形式来缓解这个问题。此外,学习代理被嵌入到运输机器人中,以实现可应用于各种环境的通用学习解决方案。在第一种方法中,基于好奇心的强化学习应用于一个简单的结构化机器人制造单元。在第二种方法中,将相同的算法应用于图结构机器人制造单元。实验结果表明,智能体能够解决这两种环境,并能够将好奇心模块直接从一种环境转移到另一种环境。我们得出的结论是,基于好奇心的任务调度学习为传统使用的奖励形强化学习提供了一种可行的替代方案。
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引用次数: 1
Smart Platform for Rapid Prototyping: Solutions in the Dilemma of Flexibility and Standardization 快速成型智能平台:灵活性与标准化困境中的解决方案
Pub Date : 2021-03-10 DOI: 10.1109/ICIT46573.2021.9453566
S. Anger, Felix Klingert, V. Häublein, M. Pfeffer, M. Schellenberger
Fraunhofer IISB offers prototyping services for electron devices. To meet economic requirements despite a unique flexibility in regard to wafer size, semiconductor material, and processes in manufacturing, a smart platform for rapid prototyping is under development. This paper reports on three embedding solution approaches: The implementation of stable baseline modules, smart experiments including data analytics, and smart logistics with a flexible MES. All were developed and partially implemented within the iDev40 project. The interaction of the solution approaches has the overall goal of reducing the integration time of novel processes into the manufacturing line by about 20%.
Fraunhofer IISB为电子设备提供原型设计服务。尽管在晶圆尺寸、半导体材料和制造过程方面具有独特的灵活性,但为了满足经济需求,一个用于快速原型制作的智能平台正在开发中。本文介绍了三种嵌入解决方案:实现稳定的基线模块,包括数据分析在内的智能实验,以及具有灵活MES的智能物流。所有这些都是在iDev40项目中开发和部分实现的。解决方案方法的相互作用的总体目标是将新工艺集成到生产线的时间减少约20%。
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引用次数: 0
MPC based Sliding Mode Control for More Electric Aircraft application 基于MPC的滑模控制在电动飞机上的应用
Pub Date : 2021-03-10 DOI: 10.1109/ICIT46573.2021.9453663
A. Russo, Giacomo Canciello, A. Cavallo
This paper deals with the control of a bidirectional DC/DC converter in the framework of the More Electric Aircraft (MEA). The objective is to regulate the power flow between the aeronautical main generator and a battery connected to the grid through the bidirectional converter. The proposed control strategy comprises of a hierarchical control consisting of a fixed time Second Order Sliding Mode Control layer driven by a nonlinear Model Predictive Control strategy. The current entering (or exiting) the bidirectional converter on the network side is regulated by adaptively controlling the converter current on the battery side. Detailed simulations have been provided in order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
本文研究了多电飞机框架下双向DC/DC变换器的控制问题。目标是调节航空主发电机和通过双向转换器连接到电网的电池之间的功率流。所提出的控制策略包括由非线性模型预测控制策略驱动的固定时间二阶滑模控制层组成的分层控制。通过自适应控制电池侧的变换器电流来调节进入(或退出)网络侧双向变换器的电流。为了验证所提出的控制策略的有效性,给出了详细的仿真。
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引用次数: 0
Computationally Efficient Set-based Predictive Control for Grid-tied Inverters 并网逆变器基于计算高效集的预测控制
Pub Date : 2021-03-10 DOI: 10.1109/ICIT46573.2021.9453631
Renato Babojelic, Š. Ileš, V. Šunde, J. Matuško
This paper presents a fast gradient projection model predictive control algorithm based on a sequence of 1-step controllable sets for controlling a grid-tied converter with an LCL filter. The proposed method uses a set membership constraint on the first state, which ensures finite time convergence to the terminal set. To use the fast gradient projection method to solve the finite-time optimal control problem with state constraints, we adopted an approach where the set membership constraint is transformed into the corresponding input constraint as a function of the current state. In this way, no significant additional computational load was introduced, allowing the MPC algorithm to be solved efficiently.
针对带LCL滤波器的并网变换器,提出了一种基于一步可控集序列的快速梯度投影模型预测控制算法。该方法在第一状态上使用一组隶属度约束,保证了有限时间收敛到终端集。为了利用快速梯度投影法解决带状态约束的有限时间最优控制问题,我们采用了一种方法,将集合的隶属度约束作为当前状态的函数转换为相应的输入约束。通过这种方法,没有引入显著的额外计算负荷,从而使MPC算法能够有效地求解。
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引用次数: 0
Optimisation of Location and Size for Distributed Generation in Unbalanced Grids 不平衡电网中分布式发电的位置和规模优化
Pub Date : 2021-03-10 DOI: 10.1109/ICIT46573.2021.9453669
Isla Ziyat, P. Palmer, G. Wang
This paper proposes a distributed generation installation procedure that can be applied to balanced and unbalanced distribution grids. This is achieved through metaheuristic optimisation and by modelling the grid using the three-phase grid model rather than the one-line diagram model. Both the power loss in the lines and the voltage deviation from the nominal voltage are minimised using the multi-objective genetic algorithm. This installation procedure facilitates grid planning for the distribution system operator. In particular, various possible Pareto optimal solutions can be chosen, which all lead to significant improvements in the performance of the grid. When applied to the unbalanced IEEE37 grid, this method achieves an installation capacity of 3 MW while significantly reducing power loss in the lines by 83.7%, and voltage deviation from the nominal by 90.6%.
本文提出了一种适用于平衡配电网和不平衡配电网的分布式发电安装程序。这是通过元启发式优化和使用三相网格模型而不是单线图模型对网格建模来实现的。采用多目标遗传算法使线路的功率损耗和电压偏离标称电压最小化。这个安装程序便于配电系统运营商进行电网规划。特别是,可以选择各种可能的帕累托最优解,这些解都可以显著改善电网的性能。当应用于不平衡IEEE37电网时,该方法实现了3 MW的装机容量,同时显着降低了83.7%的线路功率损耗和90.6%的标称电压偏差。
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引用次数: 0
An Automated Configuration Framework for TSN Networks TSN网络的自动配置框架
Pub Date : 2021-03-10 DOI: 10.1109/ICIT46573.2021.9453628
Bahar Houtan, Albert Bergström, M. Ashjaei, M. Daneshtalab, Mikael Sjödin, S. Mubeen
Designing and simulating large networks, based on the Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) standards, require complex and demanding configuration at the design and pre-simulation phases. Existing configuration and simulation frameworks support only manual configuration of TSN networks. This hampers the applicability of these frameworks to large-sized TSN networks, especially in complex industrial embedded system applications. This paper proposes a modular framework to automate offline scheduling in TSN networks to facilitate the design-time and pre-simulation automated network configurations as well as interpretation of the simulations. To demonstrate and evaluate the applicability of the proposed framework, a large TSN network is automatically configured and its performance is evaluated by measuring end-to-end delays of time-critical flows in a state-of-the-art simulation framework, namely NeSTiNg.
基于时间敏感网络(TSN)标准设计和仿真大型网络,需要在设计和预仿真阶段进行复杂和苛刻的配置。现有的配置和仿真框架只支持TSN网络的手动配置。这阻碍了这些框架在大型TSN网络中的适用性,特别是在复杂的工业嵌入式系统应用中。本文提出了一种TSN网络离线调度自动化的模块化框架,以方便设计时和预仿真自动化网络配置以及仿真结果的解释。为了演示和评估所提出框架的适用性,自动配置了一个大型TSN网络,并通过在最先进的模拟框架(即嵌套)中测量时间关键流的端到端延迟来评估其性能。
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引用次数: 8
A Novel Three-Port DC-DC Converter for Integration of PV and Storage in Zonal DC Microgrids 一种新型三端口DC-DC变换器用于区域直流微电网中光伏与储能的集成
Pub Date : 2021-03-10 DOI: 10.1109/ICIT46573.2021.9453479
Pouya Zolfi, Sinaee Vahid, A. El-Refaie
Energy conversion process of distributed renewable energy resources and energy storage devices highly depends on the DC-DC converters as interfaces. Reducing the number of conversion stages can lead to less complex energy conversion process. Multi-port converters with their flexible structure and control strategy are good candidates for this purpose. A management and integration study of PV/battery in zonal DC microgrids is presented in this paper. Moreover, a novel isolated three-port converter with continuous input current called three-port DC-DC interface is presented. Also, a zonal DC microgrid architecture based on three-port DC-DC interface is presented and discussed. An efficient four-layer control strategy for power flow management in DC microgrid is presented and discussed thoroughly. Simulations are conducted under various operation modes and loads to demonstrate the capability of proposed interface and the presented methods and strategies. The proposed three-port DC-DC interface converts and manages the power flow in the DC microgrid with high efficiency values of 91.8% and 95.6% for two-stage and single-stage conversion processes, respectively.
分布式可再生能源和储能装置的能量转换过程高度依赖于DC-DC转换器作为接口。减少转换阶段的数量可以降低能量转换过程的复杂性。多端口变换器以其灵活的结构和控制策略成为实现这一目标的理想选择。本文对区域直流微电网中光伏/电池的管理与集成进行了研究。此外,还提出了一种新颖的具有连续输入电流的三端口隔离变换器——三端口DC-DC接口。提出并讨论了一种基于三端口DC-DC接口的分区直流微电网结构。提出并深入讨论了一种有效的直流微电网潮流管理的四层控制策略。在各种工作模式和负载下进行了仿真,以验证所提出的接口以及所提出的方法和策略的能力。所提出的三端口DC-DC接口对直流微电网中的潮流进行转换和管理,两级和单级转换的效率值分别高达91.8%和95.6%。
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引用次数: 9
期刊
2021 22nd IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)
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