Objective: fatigue is one of the key symptoms of many health disorders. This prospective observational study aims to evaluate effect of a nutritional supplement on fatigue improvement in individuals older than 50 years.
Methods: persons diagnosed by their general practitioners with fatigue, and agreeing to participate were advised to take a nutritional supplement (ApportAL®, Pharmanutra Spa, Pisa, IT) for 35 consecutive days: two sachets per day for the first 7 days, and one sachet per day thereafter. At recruitment (T0), as well as after 7 (T1) and 35 days (T2) of supplementation, all individuals completed 2 questionnaires to assess fatigue and quality of life.
Results: four-hundred-fifty-eight individuals were recruited (63.5 % women), with an average age of 69 ± 10 years. An improvement of 46 % of the worst fatigue experienced and of 47.5 % in the interference score of fatigue was reported. Quality of life improved both for the physical (+29 %) and mental component (+77.4 %). A significant improvement was observed as early as after the first week of supplementation, increasing further over the remaining 4 weeks. Self-reported adverse events were mild, and the percentage of affected individuals decreased from 10.3 % at T1 to 8.5 % at T2.
Conclusions: These findings showed the daily intake of a specially formulated supplement resulting in a progressive improvement of both fatigue and in individuals' quality of life. ApportAL® can be considered a valuable and safe support for adult/elderly individual with chronic fatigue, allowing them to carry out the desired activities, cultivate their social relationships and thus live more satisfactorily.
Introduction: altered taste perception, appetite loss, and dietary non-compliance are common complications in hemodialysis patients (HD) that contribute to protein-energy wasting (PEW) and poor nutritional status.
Objective: this study investigated the relationships between altered taste perception (altTP), appetite status, and nutritional parameters in HD patients, particularly in relation to PEW, based on the Malnutrition Inflammation Score (MIS).
Methods: a total of 70 HD patients were included. PEW was classified using MIS. Taste perception was evaluated subjectively, appetite was measured using the Appetite and Diet Assessment Tool (ADAT), and fluid/dietary compliance was assessed with the Dialysis Diet and Fluid Non-adherence Questionnaire (DDFQ). Anthropometric data, dietary intake, and biochemical markers were recorded.
Results: according to MIS, 31.4 % of patients were classified as PEW. Patients reporting altered taste, especially those perceiving a metallic taste, had significantly higher MIS scores and dietary sodium intake, while showing lower dry weight and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) (p < 0.05). A significant positive correlation was found between zinc and albumin levels (r = 0.422, p = 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that, changes in appetite and non-adherence to diet were positively associated with MIS, while MUAC, serum albumin, TIBC, and daily energy intake were negatively associated.
Conclusion: the findings underscore the clinical importance of altered taste, particularly metallic taste, and appetite loss as indicators of nutritional risk in HD patients. These sensory changes are strongly associated with key markers of PEW, suggesting the need for early identification and nutritional intervention in this population.
Objectives: this cross-sectional study investigated the association between the Cardiometabolic Index (CMI) and heart failure (HF) prevalence in hypertensive individuals.
Methods: this cross-sectional study analyzed dataset from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2018, focusing on hypertensive adults with complete information on CMI and HF prevalence, employed CMI based on the following formula: [waist circumference (cm)/height (cm)] × [TG (mmol/L)/HDL-C (mmol/L)]. The relationships between CMI and HF prevalence were assessed using weighted multivariable logistic regression and subgroup analysis. Additionally, the threshold effect was determined by applying a two-piece linear regression model.
Results: a total of 3,706 subjects with hypertension were enrolled, with heart failure being reported in 6.77 % of cases. A positive relationship was observed between CMI and HF prevalence. In the fully adjusted model, a one-unit rise in CMI corresponded to a 14 % increased likelihood of HF (OR = 1.14, 95 % CI: 1.03-1.26). Subjects in the top CMI tertile were 49 % more likely to progress to HF than those in the bottom tertile (OR = 1.49, 95 % CI: 1.01-2.21). We did not detect statistically significant interactions across subgroups. An inverted U-shaped correlation was identified between CMI and HF prevalence. The breakpoint was identified at 6.00. On the left of the breakpoint, a positive relationship between CMI and HF prevalence (OR = 1.56, 95 % CI: 1.35-1.79) was observed.
Conclusions: these findings suggest a positive association between elevated CMI levels and a higher prevalence of HF in hypertensive adults.
Introduction: rhythmic gymnastics is a highly demanding aesthetic sport that has been associated with an increased risk of eating disorders, body dissatisfaction and nutritional deficits.
Objectives: providing data on the dietary habits and body composition of Spanish amateur rhythmic gymnasts.
Methods: descriptive transversal study on 56 female amateur rhythmic gymnasts practicing within clubs belonging to the Galician Gymnastics Federation, categorized into pre-teens (10-12 yrs) and teens (13-18 yrs). Anthropometric measurements were performed following ISAK protocols and complemented with bioimpedance. Dietary intake was qualitative and quantitatively determined through a three-day food record and a food frequency questionnaire. Physical activity level was estimated by an activity and training record. The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-40) was used to identify disordered eating attitudes.
Results: anthropometric data showed significantly lower z-scores, body fat percentage, triceps skinfold thickness, and waist-to-hip ratio in pre-teen gymnasts than in teens, and higher body water and mineral mass percentages. Pre-teens accumulated higher training load. Energy intake was lower than estimated energy expenditure and Spanish recommendations. The intake of fiber, legumes, fruit, vegetables, oils and fats did not reach the recommendations, while sugar and protein exceeded them. EAT-40 reflected no signs of eating disorders, with older gymnasts showing higher scores.
Conclusions: suboptimal intake of energy and certain food groups such as legumes, vegetables, fruit and healthy fats, plus high training loads, could negatively impact health and performance of young female athletes. Considering the high nutritional and physical demands of rhythmic gymnastics, attention should be addressed to their diet and eating behaviors.
Background: parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease (PNALD) is a common complication in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Our study aimed to establish a nomogram to predict short-term occurrence of PNALD patients and implement intervention early as far as possible.
Methods: 187 patients who met the eligibility criteria were retrospectively screened May 2020 to May 2022. They were further divided into the training cohort and validation cohort. The univariate and multivariate analysis were used to select risk factors for the predictive model which was presented with a nomogram. Model building and validation were done using R version 4.4.0. The discrimination and calibration of the nomogram were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and calibration plots. The net benefits of the nomogram at different threshold probabilities were quantified using decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results: the incidence of PNALD in patients who received TPN was 22.99 %. The logistic regression model equation was constructed based on the three factors of fasting time, glycolipid ratio and ALT by the univariate and multivariate analysis: Logit (p) = 0.056 x fasting time - 3.721 x glycolipid ratio + 0.044 x ALT + 0.518. The AUC value (0.695) indicated satisfactory discriminative ability of the nomogram. The calibration plots showed favorable consistency between the prediction of the nomogram and actual observations in both the training and validation cohorts. Furthermore, DCA showed that the nomogram was clinically useful and had discriminative ability to recognize patients at high PNALD risk.
Conclusions: a nomogram was developed and validated to assist clinicians in predicting possibility of PNALD patients in short term.
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