Nutricion hospitalaria最新文献

Introduction: nutrition during the first two years of life is crucial for the physical, cognitive, and emotional development of children. This study aimed to: 1) associate maternal perception of hunger and satiety signals with the type of feeding; 2) associate maternal perception of hunger and satiety signals with the infant's weight status; and 3) determine the influence of feeding type on the infant's BMI-for-age.

Methods: a descriptive correlational cross-sectional study was conducted with 424 mother-infant dyads in Sinaloa, Mexico, using systematic random sampling. Mothers completed questionnaires on feeding practices and perception of hunger and satiety signals. Anthropometric data of the infant were measured, and the influence of feeding type on the infant's BMI-for-age z-score was analyzed using multiple linear regression.

Results: 45.8 % of mothers reported a low perception of hunger and satiety signals. 30.2 % of infants were overweight. Mothers with a high perception of signals reported a lower proportion of overweight infants. Mixed feeding and early introduction of complementary foods significantly influence the increase in infant zIMC/age score.

Conclusions: maternal perception of hunger and satiety signals influences the infant's weight status. Mixed feeding and early introduction of complementary foods increase the risk of overweight in infants. It is crucial to promote adequate perception of these signals to prevent nutritional problems in early childhood.

Introduction: patients with congenital heart disease are considered to be at high nutritional risk due to alterations in the metabolism of the underlying pathology and extracardiac factors. The STAMP (Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics) is the only tool validated in our country in a pediatric population for nutritional screening.

Objective: to evaluate nutritional risk by STAMP screening in pediatric patients according to type of congenital heart disease.

Material and methods: an analytical cross-sectional study in 2023 in a pediatric reference hospital. Nutritional status was determined by Z scores based on WHO 2006/CDC 2000 child growth standards. The STAMP questionnaire was administered to establish nutritional risk. Inferential statistics with the Chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U-test were used. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used. Analyses were carried out using the SPSS V25 statistical package.

Results: 113 patients were included, male (n = 57, 50.4 %) and female (n = 56, 49.6 %). The most common age group was that of infants (n = 47, 45 %). Acute or chronic nutritional status impairment affected n = 50 (44.3 %) subjects. Cyanogenous congenital heart diseases had a greater impact on weight, height, average arm circumference and height/age, WBC/age indices. Two nutritional risk groups were established by STAMP: intermediate risk, n = 74 (65.5 %), and high risk, n = 39 (34.5 %). The greatest impact on anthropometric parameters was associated with elevated risk by STAMP, p = 0.000. The type of congenital heart disease was not associated with a greater increase in nutritional risk by STAMP (p = 0.76). There was no correlation of STAMP score with biochemical parameters.

Conclusion: patients with congenital heart disease will have an intermediate risk per STAMP. The type of congenital heart disease is not related to a greater increase in nutritional risk due to STAMP.

Background: malnutrition negatively impacts trauma prognosis, and this study aimed to evaluate the NRI as a prognostic factor alongside other variables such as comorbidities and the Barthel Index (BI).

Objective: to evaluate the NRI as a prognostic factor while considering other variables, including nutritional parameters, comorbidities, and the Barthel Index. Although mortality was the primary outcome, we will clarify this to avoid any confusion.

Methods: a cohort of 80 Chinese trauma patients, aged 30-69 years, was analyzed through prospective data collection at admission and post-discharge, covering mortality, nutritional factors, and prognostic indicators. The average observation period was 5.83 months, with an average admission age of 45.6 years.

Results: this study examined the relationship between nutritional parameters, trauma, and their effects on mortality and survival. The 6-month survival rate was 93 %, and a correlation was noted between mortality risk and patients with Nutritional Risk Index (NRI) scores greater than 96. However, those with severe risk (NRI < 83.5) did not show a significant association with mortality, possibly due to a small sample size (n = 4), suggesting the need for larger studies to further explore this relationship. The Cox proportional hazard analysis identified older age, lower NRI scores, and specific comorbidities like ischemic heart disease, chronic kidney disease, and hypertension as significant mortality risk factors. Additionally, types of fractures, particularly radius and ulna and vertebral fractures, were linked to higher mortality. Lower Barthel Index scores at admission and discharge were significant predictors of mortality; however, deceased patients often had higher BI scores, indicating that a low BI cannot be universally regarded as a risk factor.

Conclusion: overall, the findings emphasize that older age, lower NRI scores, and comorbidities are critical predictors of mortality in trauma patients, while the relationship between the Barthel Index and outcomes requires further clarification.

Aim: the purpose of this study was to assess the connection among ultra-processed food consumption and the likelihood of cardiovascular disease, with the intention of establishing a basis for future research.

Methods: this meta-analysis adheres to the reporting principles recommended in the PRISMA framework. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science bibliographic databases were searched in January 2023.

Results: ten observational studies were identified from 1,079 records retrieved by searching various relevant electronic bibliographic databases, and two additional observational studies were identified from references within one of the retrieved records; leading to the inclusion of a total of twelve observational studies. The data were combined, utilizing random effects models as well as relative risk ratios. Consuming a higher quantity of ultra-processed foods was found to be correlated with a 31 % elevated likelihood of mortality due to cardiovascular disease, in comparison to individuals who abstained from consuming any ultra-processed foods. Furthermore, an association has been seen between increased consumption of ultra-processed food and an elevated likelihood of acquiring hypertension, coronary heart disease, and cerebrovascular disorders.

Conclusion: consuming a significant quantity of ultra-processed meals increases the likelihood of developing cardiovascular disease or experiencing mortality associated with cardiovascular disease.

Introduction: water is a crucial component of human health useful for various bodily functions. Despite its importance, previous research has largely overlooked hydration in Latin America, focusing instead on regions with greater access to a variety of food sources.

Objective: hence, this study provides comprehensive data on water consumption patterns in this region and analyses the hydration profiles of urban Latin American populations, emphasizing the role of pure water in daily intake.

Materials and methods: involving 5977 participants from Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, Ecuador, and Peru, the study utilized a cross-sectional approach, examining total water intake (TWI) through two nonconsecutive 24-hour dietary recalls. This study focused on understanding the contribution of pure water to daily hydration and identifying disparities in water consumption patterns across different demographic conditions by measuring the TWI from beverages.

Results: the findings indicated significant variations in hydration profiles based on country, sex, and socioeconomic status. The median TWI was 3245.6 g/day, with a median water intake from beverages of 1982.9 g/d kcal, which represented 61 % of the participants' total water intake. A total of 63.8 % of the overall sample met the TWI recommendations. Our data indicate that 38.4 % of the water intake came from plain water, followed by coffee and tea (16.9 %), commercial sugar-sweetened beverages (13.7 %), and homemade SSB (11.7 %).

Conclusion: these findings contribute to a deeper understanding of nutritional behaviors and may serve as a basis for future studies and health interventions focused on improving hydration habits, with emphasis on pure water consumption, especially in urban areas in developing regions.

Background: this cross-sectional study, conducted on a convenience sample of 2197 Macedonian primary school children, aimed to examine how certain anthropometric indices (body mass index (BMI), muscle-fat ratio (MFR), hand grip strength-BMI ratio) are related to the physical fitness of individuals.

Methods: the sample was split into two groups based on gender: 1096 boys and 1101 girls (average age 8.1 ± 1.3 years). Data on anthropometric measurements (BMI, MFR) were taken and the physical fitness was measured with the following tests: sit and reach, handgrip strength, standing long jump, sit-ups 30 sec., shuttle run 4 x 10 m, and 20 meters shuttle-run test (20-mSRT).

Results: the findings from the study indicate that children with normal weight exhibit superior levels of cardiorespiratory, muscular, and motor fitness in comparison to those who are categorized as obese, irrespective of gender. Both muscle‑to‑fat ratio (MFR), and grip strength-to-BMI ratio showed correlation with most fitness tests. Grip strength-to-BMI ratio showed a positive correlation with the results of the handgrip test in boys and girls.

Conclusion: in this population, BMI, MFR, and handgrip strength-to-BMI ratio can serve as indicators of health and physical fitness.

The concept of "disease related malnutrition" (DRM) is far from the concept of malnutrition classically diagnosed in public health, which is determined by socio-demographic factors. In 2008, the Spanish Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (SENPE) and the Spanish Society of Medical Documentation (SEDOM) published a consensus defining more precisely the types of malnutrition seen in hospitals and their corresponding coding. Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) and the evolution of clinical information have made it necessary to revise and update this consensus in order to establish new criteria to guide the recording and coding of diagnoses of malnutrition in the field of hospital care, thus facilitating the work of both clinicians and coders and improving the visibility of DRE, by adapting from the clinical diagnoses of undernutrition based on the GLIM criteria (Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition) proposed by the scientific societies to the current codes proposed by ICD-10-ES. This document reflects the new consensus of the SENPE, SEEN and SEDOM societies, and refers to the coding of DRE, other nutritional diagnoses and medical nutritional treatment procedures, sets out the coding criteria and proposes suggestions to improve coding at the hospital level.

Introduction: body mass index (BMI) is used worldwide to track excess weight; however, it has limitations in predicting body fat percentage (BF%). Triponderal mass index (TMI) has been studied as an alternative indicator to predict BF%.

Objective: to compare BMI and TMI as predictors of BF% and develop TMI cutoff points for screening high adiposity in Brazilian children and adolescentes.

Methods: a cross-sectional and multicenter study conducted with 226 individuals aged 5 to 17 years from two municipalities in the Southeast and South regions of Brazil. BF% was assessed by bioimpedancemetry. The association between BMI and TMI with BF% was assessed using generalized additive models. ROC curve analyzes were performed to verify the accuracy of BMI and TMI in detecting high adiposity. The areas under the curve (AUC) of BMI and TMI were compared using non-parametric analysis. The TMI cutoff points were obtained using Youden's J index.

Results: bioimpedancemetry detected high BF% in 54.1 % (95 % confidence interval [CI], 44.8-63.2) of boys and 63.5 % (95 % CI, 54.5-71.9) of girls. TMI was able to predict BF% better than BMI in males, presenting a higher R-square (0.737 versus 0.646, respectively). The TMI presented AUC significantly greater than BMI to indicate high adiposity in the entire population (p = 0.007) and in females (p = 0.014). TMI cutoff points for different age groups and sex were presented.

Conclusion: TMI proved to be a better predictor of excess body fat than BMI in Brazilian children and adolescents.