Nutricion hospitalaria最新文献

Introduction: constipation is common in children with neurological disability. There is scarce evidence on the response to dietary treatment and factors that modulate it.

Objective: to describe the frequency of constipation and associated factors in children with neurological disability and to evaluate the response to dietary treatment in those with constipation.

Patients and methods: retrospective study of children with neurological disability admitted to a long stay hospital. We evaluated the presence of constipation and its association with age, sex, diagnosis, nutritional status, motor function, diet (route, type and method) and anticonvulsant treatment. In those with constipation, we studied the response to increased fluids and fiber, recording the frequency and characteristics of bowel movements, use, and doses of laxatives. STATA was used, considering p < 0.05 as significative.

Results: of 146 patients with median age 11 months (7; 20), 54 % were male, 69 % had constipation, 82 % a very diminished motor function and 88 % gastrostomy. Older patients and those who were overweight/obese were at increased risk of having constipation. Of the 101 (69 %) with constipation, 58.4 % had a positive response after increasing fiber intake from 36.4 to 95 % and water intake from 127 to 136 % of the recommendations. The modulating factor of the response to the diet was feeding by bolus (p = 0.03) and could contribute to have mixed diet (p = 0.08).

Conclusion: the frequency of constipation was high and most of the children with it had a favorable response to dietary management, which can decrease the cost of treatment and improve their quality of life.

Background: disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) encompass altered eating behaviors that do not meet the diagnostic criteria to be considered eating disorders, yet, like the latter, are associated with multiple medical, psychological, and social complications.

Objective: this study aimed to analyze the influence of the internalization of beauty ideals (specifically thinness and muscularity), depressive symptoms, body mass index (BMI), and type of university on DEBs.

Methods: a correlational, cross-sectional study was conducted with two independent samples of university students from two universities, one public and one private, in Mexico City (n = 1571; 20.8  2.07 years). Data analysis included frequency and percentage estimation, mean comparison, and linear regression analysis.

Results: students enrolled at the private university scored higher for all the variables studied, with statistically significant differences, except for BMI, where public university students scored higher. When compared by BMI, overweight and obese students scored higher for DEBs and internalization. In women, DEBs were predicted by thin-ideal internalization, BMI, and type of university. In male participants, predictors included BMI, depressive symptoms, and type of university.

Conclusions: the results confirmed previous findings in the literature, with socioeconomic status being a determining factor for the presence of DEBs.

Purpose: understanding gastric emptying at different rates of low-dose enteral nutrition is crucial for managing enteral feeding during therapeutic hypothermia (TH).

Methods: this study retrospectively reviewed the records of 42 patients who received TH at a single neurological intensive care unit. Patients received either 10 ml/h or 30 ml/h feeding. The gastric residual volumes (GRVs) were collected daily for 7 days during TH. In addition, demographic characteristics and disease severity (APACHE-II score) were also collected.

Results: GRVs in the 30 ml/h group were significantly higher than in the 10 ml/h group (p < 0.05). Both groups showed an initial increase in GRVs, peaking on day 2 (39.99 ± 17.73 ml vs 102.74 ± 43.19 ml, p = 0.000), followed by a gradual decrease. There was no significant difference in vomiting (4.0 % vs 11.8 %, p = 0.079) or ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) incidence (8.0 % vs 17.6 %, p = 0.898) between the groups.

Conclusions: patients with large hemispheric infarction may likely tolerate an initial feeding rate of 30 ml/h during TH. Feeding rates should be gradually increased from day 3 based on patient condition.

Introduction: alterations in plasma metabolites are increasingly recognized as an important characteristic of aortic aneurysms (AA).

Objective: to evaluate the causal effects of circulating metabolites and their metabolic pathways on the risk of developing AA using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method.

Methods: metabolite data were derived from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, and the genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data on AA were obtained from the FinnGen Consortium. Instrumental variables were rigorously selected, and a range of MR analysis methods were employed to identify metabolites associated with AA, followed by metabolic pathway enrichment analysis of these metabolites.

Results: among the 1,400 metabolites analyzed, 77 were found to demonstrate a causal relationship to AA. Notably, 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) + 9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (9-HODE) (OR = 0.835, p = 0.001) and linoleoylcholine (OR = 0.867, p = 0.012) were negatively associated with AA risk, while C24 ceramide (d18:1/24:0) (OR = 1.167, p = 0.002) and kynurenine (OR = 1.096, p = 0.021) were positively associated. The synthesis pathways for valine, leucine, and isoleucine were positively correlated with AA, whereas the caffeine metabolic pathway showed a negative correlation.

Conclusion: personalized nutrition management combined with metabolite level monitoring may contribute to reducing the risk of AA and improve long-term health outcomes in affected individuals.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Its treatment is based on chemotherapy, although its efficacy can be limited by tumor resistance and side effects. In this context, curcumin has been proposed as an adjuvant agent due to its anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic and cell cycle modulating properties. This systematic review, based on the PRISMA methodology, analyzed studies on the effects of curcumin in colorectal cancer. Curcumin was found to promote apoptosis through the generation of reactive oxygen species and the activation of P53. It also induces the overexpression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK), which regulates the cell cycle and limits tumor proliferation. It has also been observed to reduce resistance to chemotherapeutic agents such as 5-fluorouracil and to suppress the NF-kB pathway, which is key to inflammation and tumor progression. The results suggest that the use of curcumin nanoformulations improves its bioavailability, enhances its therapeutic effects and favors sensitization to chemotherapy, thereby reducing its adverse effects. It is concluded that curcumin represents a promising option in the treatment of colorectal cancer; however, clinical trials are needed to validate its safety and efficacy in clinical practice.