Vanessa K Fitzgerald, Tymofiy Lutsiv, John N McGinley, Elizabeth S Neil, Mary C Playdon, Henry J Thompson
Background/Objectives: The incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), a condition linked to the ongoing obesity pandemic, is rapidly increasing worldwide. In turn, its multifactorial etiology is consistently associated with low dietary quality. Changing dietary macronutrient and phytochemical quality via incorporating cooked common bean into an obesogenic diet formulation has measurable health benefits on the occurrence of both obesity and hepatic steatosis in C57BL/6 mice. Methods: A cohort of C57BL/6 mice were randomized into experimental diets containing multiple dietary concentrations of common bean. The primary endpoint of this study was comparing metabolomic analyses from liver and plasma of different treatment groups. Additionally, RNA sequencing and protein expression analysis via nanocapillary immunoelectrophoresis were used to elucidate signaling mediators involved. Results: Herein, global metabolomic profiling of liver and plasma identified sphingolipids as a lipid subcategory on which bean consumption exerted significant effects. Of note, C16 and C18 ceramides were significantly decreased in bean-fed animals. Hepatic RNAseq data revealed patterns of transcript expression of genes involved in sphingolipid metabolism that were consistent with metabolite profiles. Conclusions: Bean incorporation into an otherwise obesogenic diet induces effects on synthesis, biotransformation, and degradation of sphingolipids that inhibit the accumulation of ceramide species that exert pathological activity. These effects are consistent with a mechanistic role for altered sphingolipid metabolism in explaining how bean inhibits the development of MASLD.
{"title":"Common Bean Suppresses Hepatic Ceramide Metabolism in a Mouse Model of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.","authors":"Vanessa K Fitzgerald, Tymofiy Lutsiv, John N McGinley, Elizabeth S Neil, Mary C Playdon, Henry J Thompson","doi":"10.3390/nu16183196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> The incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), a condition linked to the ongoing obesity pandemic, is rapidly increasing worldwide. In turn, its multifactorial etiology is consistently associated with low dietary quality. Changing dietary macronutrient and phytochemical quality via incorporating cooked common bean into an obesogenic diet formulation has measurable health benefits on the occurrence of both obesity and hepatic steatosis in C57BL/6 mice. <b>Methods:</b> A cohort of C57BL/6 mice were randomized into experimental diets containing multiple dietary concentrations of common bean. The primary endpoint of this study was comparing metabolomic analyses from liver and plasma of different treatment groups. Additionally, RNA sequencing and protein expression analysis via nanocapillary immunoelectrophoresis were used to elucidate signaling mediators involved. <b>Results:</b> Herein, global metabolomic profiling of liver and plasma identified sphingolipids as a lipid subcategory on which bean consumption exerted significant effects. Of note, C16 and C18 ceramides were significantly decreased in bean-fed animals. Hepatic RNAseq data revealed patterns of transcript expression of genes involved in sphingolipid metabolism that were consistent with metabolite profiles. <b>Conclusions:</b> Bean incorporation into an otherwise obesogenic diet induces effects on synthesis, biotransformation, and degradation of sphingolipids that inhibit the accumulation of ceramide species that exert pathological activity. These effects are consistent with a mechanistic role for altered sphingolipid metabolism in explaining how bean inhibits the development of MASLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11434909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/objectives: Oxidative stress, an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, is known to affect pulmonary function (PF), thereby leading to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, data on the associations of serum vitamin A and E concentrations with PF parameters and COPD are inconsistent. The present cross-sectional study aimed to investigate these associations, considering inflammatory status.
Participants/methods: This study included 2005 male and female adults aged ≥40 years who had participated in a population-based national survey. Spirometry without a bronchodilator was conducted to yield PF parameters, such as forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and the FEV1/FVC ratio, which were used to define COPD. Serum vitamin A (retinol) and E (α-tocopherol) concentrations were assayed. Multivariable regression analysis was performed after adjusting for potential confounding variables.
Results: Serum vitamin A concentration was positively associated with FEV1 (p for trend < 0.01) among all participants. In addition, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of the highest serum vitamin A concentration tertile for the prevalence of COPD, which was defined by the FEV1/FVC ratio < 0.7, was 0.53 (0.31, 0.90) compared with that of the lowest tertile (p for trend < 0.05). Analysis stratified by a cutoff point of 1 mg/L serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) revealed that such associations with FEV1 and COPD prevalence were stronger in participants with lower hs-CRP levels (p for trend < 0.05). In contrast, serum vitamin E concentration was associated with neither PF parameters nor COPD prevalence.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that serum vitamin A concentration may be important in preventing the progressive decline in PF parameters that results in COPD. Further epidemiological investigations are warranted to evaluate the causal associations of antioxidant vitamin status with PF parameters and COPD.
背景/目的:众所周知,氧化应激(氧化剂和抗氧化剂之间的失衡)会影响肺功能(PF),从而导致慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)的发生。然而,有关血清维生素 A 和 E 浓度与肺功能参数和慢性阻塞性肺病的关系的数据并不一致。本横断面研究旨在调查这些关联,同时考虑炎症状态:本研究纳入了 2005 名年龄≥40 岁的男性和女性成年人,他们参加了一项基于人口的全国性调查。在不使用支气管扩张剂的情况下进行了肺活量测定,以得出一秒钟用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)和 FEV1/FVC 比值等肺活量参数,这些参数用于定义慢性阻塞性肺病。检测了血清维生素 A(视黄醇)和维生素 E(α-生育酚)的浓度。在调整了潜在的混杂变量后,进行了多变量回归分析:结果:在所有参与者中,血清维生素 A 浓度与 FEV1 呈正相关(趋势 p <0.01)。此外,与最低三分位数相比,血清维生素 A 浓度最高三分位数与慢性阻塞性肺病发病率(以 FEV1/FVC 比值小于 0.7 定义)的几率比(95% 置信区间)为 0.53(0.31,0.90)(趋势比小于 0.05)。以 1 毫克/升血清高敏 C 反应蛋白(hs-CRP)为临界点进行的分层分析表明,在 hs-CRP 水平较低的参与者中,FEV1 和慢性阻塞性肺病患病率之间的这种关联性更强(趋势 p < 0.05)。相比之下,血清维生素 E 浓度既与肺活量参数无关,也与慢性阻塞性肺病发病率无关:这些研究结果表明,血清维生素 A 的浓度可能对防止 PF 参数的逐渐下降(导致慢性阻塞性肺病)有重要作用。有必要进一步开展流行病学调查,以评估抗氧化维生素状态与肺功能参数和慢性阻塞性肺病的因果关系。
{"title":"Associations of Serum Vitamin A and E Concentrations with Pulmonary Function Parameters and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.","authors":"Wonjun Noh, Inkyung Baik","doi":"10.3390/nu16183197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Oxidative stress, an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, is known to affect pulmonary function (PF), thereby leading to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, data on the associations of serum vitamin A and E concentrations with PF parameters and COPD are inconsistent. The present cross-sectional study aimed to investigate these associations, considering inflammatory status.</p><p><strong>Participants/methods: </strong>This study included 2005 male and female adults aged ≥40 years who had participated in a population-based national survey. Spirometry without a bronchodilator was conducted to yield PF parameters, such as forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and the FEV1/FVC ratio, which were used to define COPD. Serum vitamin A (retinol) and E (α-tocopherol) concentrations were assayed. Multivariable regression analysis was performed after adjusting for potential confounding variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum vitamin A concentration was positively associated with FEV1 (<i>p</i> for trend < 0.01) among all participants. In addition, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of the highest serum vitamin A concentration tertile for the prevalence of COPD, which was defined by the FEV1/FVC ratio < 0.7, was 0.53 (0.31, 0.90) compared with that of the lowest tertile (<i>p</i> for trend < 0.05). Analysis stratified by a cutoff point of 1 mg/L serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) revealed that such associations with FEV1 and COPD prevalence were stronger in participants with lower hs-CRP levels (<i>p</i> for trend < 0.05). In contrast, serum vitamin E concentration was associated with neither PF parameters nor COPD prevalence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that serum vitamin A concentration may be important in preventing the progressive decline in PF parameters that results in COPD. Further epidemiological investigations are warranted to evaluate the causal associations of antioxidant vitamin status with PF parameters and COPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11434823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Numerous studies have established associations between vitamin D and diabetes. The vitamin D receptor is widely distributed throughout the human body, including in pancreatic beta cells (β-cells), hepatocytes, and immune cells. Therefore, vitamin D's effect on the risk, progression, or complications of diabetes may be mediated through various mechanisms. These include the regulation of insulin secretion or sensitivity and modulation of β-cell function and its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. This review extensively explores the relationship between vitamin D status and diabetes, as well as the preventive or therapeutic effects of vitamin D supplementation on diabetes from human studies. Additionally, it examines in detail the impact of vitamin D on immune and inflammatory responses in the diabetic milieux and β-cell function to better understand the underlying mechanisms through which vitamin D influences diabetes.
大量研究证实,维生素 D 与糖尿病之间存在关联。维生素 D 受体广泛分布于人体各处,包括胰腺β细胞(β-细胞)、肝细胞和免疫细胞。因此,维生素 D 对糖尿病风险、病情发展或并发症的影响可能是通过各种机制介导的。这些机制包括调节胰岛素分泌或敏感性、调节β细胞功能及其免疫调节和抗炎作用。本综述广泛探讨了维生素 D 状态与糖尿病之间的关系,以及人体研究中补充维生素 D 对糖尿病的预防或治疗效果。此外,它还详细研究了维生素 D 对糖尿病患者免疫和炎症反应以及 β 细胞功能的影响,以更好地了解维生素 D 影响糖尿病的潜在机制。
{"title":"Multifaceted Roles of Vitamin D for Diabetes: From Immunomodulatory Functions to Metabolic Regulations.","authors":"Chan Yoon Park, Sunhye Shin, Sung Nim Han","doi":"10.3390/nu16183185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Numerous studies have established associations between vitamin D and diabetes. The vitamin D receptor is widely distributed throughout the human body, including in pancreatic beta cells (β-cells), hepatocytes, and immune cells. Therefore, vitamin D's effect on the risk, progression, or complications of diabetes may be mediated through various mechanisms. These include the regulation of insulin secretion or sensitivity and modulation of β-cell function and its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. This review extensively explores the relationship between vitamin D status and diabetes, as well as the preventive or therapeutic effects of vitamin D supplementation on diabetes from human studies. Additionally, it examines in detail the impact of vitamin D on immune and inflammatory responses in the diabetic milieux and β-cell function to better understand the underlying mechanisms through which vitamin D influences diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11435169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Hypertension is a major risk factor for ischemic stroke. An important strategy in controlling hypertension is dietary modification. The present study evaluates the effect of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on the risk of ischemic stroke.
Methods: A case-control study was carried out, including 214 ischemic stroke cases recruited within the first 48 h of diagnosis and 214 controls, divided equally into hospitalized and non-hospitalized participants. Controls were matched to cases based on age and gender. Socio-demographic characteristics were assessed, in addition to adherence to the DASH diet, which was measured using a preconstructed DASH diet index (ranging from 0 (lowest) to 11 (highest)). For stroke patients, Modified Rankin Score (mRS) was measured to assess disability.
Results: Smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation, and myocardial infarction were significantly associated with ischemic stroke (p < 0.001). Higher adherence to the DASH diet was correlated to lower rates of stroke, where cases scored 5.042 ± 1.486 compared to 6.654 ± 1.471 for controls (p < 0.001). Eating more grains, vegetables, fruits, dairy products, nuts, seeds, and beans, and lower levels of fat, fewer sweets, and less sodium were associated with lower rates of ischemic stroke (p = 0.038 for sweets and p < 0.001 for all the remaining), while meat, poultry, and fish did not have any significant effect (p = 0.46). A multivariate analysis showed that lower adherence to the DASH diet (p < 0.001, OR: 0.526, CI95% 0.428-0.645) was associated with a higher incidence of ischemic stroke and an increased likelihood of having high disability levels (mRS 5-6) (p = 0.041, OR: 2.49 × 10-8, CI95% 0-2.49 × 10-8).
Conclusions: The relation between the DASH diet and risk of stroke highlights the necessity for strict adherence to dietary restrictions, suggesting a protective role for the DASH diet in stroke pathogenesis and prognosis.
{"title":"Adherence to Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Diet as a Protective Factor for Ischemic Stroke and Its Influence on Disability Level: A Case-Control Study in Lebanon.","authors":"Jad El Masri, Hani Finge, Tarek Baroud, Najla Ajaj, Mariam Houmani, Maya Ghazi, Mahmoud Younes, Pascale Salameh, Hassan Hosseini","doi":"10.3390/nu16183179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension is a major risk factor for ischemic stroke. An important strategy in controlling hypertension is dietary modification. The present study evaluates the effect of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on the risk of ischemic stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study was carried out, including 214 ischemic stroke cases recruited within the first 48 h of diagnosis and 214 controls, divided equally into hospitalized and non-hospitalized participants. Controls were matched to cases based on age and gender. Socio-demographic characteristics were assessed, in addition to adherence to the DASH diet, which was measured using a preconstructed DASH diet index (ranging from 0 (lowest) to 11 (highest)). For stroke patients, Modified Rankin Score (mRS) was measured to assess disability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation, and myocardial infarction were significantly associated with ischemic stroke (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Higher adherence to the DASH diet was correlated to lower rates of stroke, where cases scored 5.042 ± 1.486 compared to 6.654 ± 1.471 for controls (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Eating more grains, vegetables, fruits, dairy products, nuts, seeds, and beans, and lower levels of fat, fewer sweets, and less sodium were associated with lower rates of ischemic stroke (<i>p</i> = 0.038 for sweets and <i>p</i> < 0.001 for all the remaining), while meat, poultry, and fish did not have any significant effect (<i>p</i> = 0.46). A multivariate analysis showed that lower adherence to the DASH diet (<i>p</i> < 0.001, OR: 0.526, CI95% 0.428-0.645) was associated with a higher incidence of ischemic stroke and an increased likelihood of having high disability levels (mRS 5-6) (<i>p</i> = 0.041, OR: 2.49 × 10<sup>-8</sup>, CI95% 0-2.49 × 10<sup>-8</sup>).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The relation between the DASH diet and risk of stroke highlights the necessity for strict adherence to dietary restrictions, suggesting a protective role for the DASH diet in stroke pathogenesis and prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11434641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emanuele Rinninella, Costanza Ceci, Antonio Gasbarrini
Clinical nutrition plays a pivotal role in several areas of medicine and has a significant impact on patient outcomes in both acute and chronic conditions [...].
{"title":"The Multifaceted Aspects of Clinical Nutrition-An Introduction to Hot Topics in Clinical Nutrition (2nd Edition).","authors":"Emanuele Rinninella, Costanza Ceci, Antonio Gasbarrini","doi":"10.3390/nu16183182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clinical nutrition plays a pivotal role in several areas of medicine and has a significant impact on patient outcomes in both acute and chronic conditions [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11435280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We investigated the effects of Lactobacillus paragasseri OLL2716 on gastrointestinal symptoms in healthy adults with gastric complaints. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 174 healthy Japanese adults were randomly assigned to an OLL2716 or placebo group, and each group consumed 85 g of yogurt containing L. paragasseri OLL2716 or placebo yogurt daily for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was the change in gastric symptoms from baseline as per the participants' questionnaires at 6 and 12 weeks. The secondary endpoints were changes from baseline in the short-form Nepean Dyspepsia Index (SF-NDI), the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), and the Council on Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire-Japanese (CNAQ-J) scores at 6 and 12 weeks. The primary endpoint data showed that the changes in "epigastric pain" at 6 and 12 weeks were significantly decreased in the OLL2716 group compared with those in the placebo group. Additionally, the changes in "epigastric pain syndrome-like symptoms" were significantly decreased in the OLL2716 group compared with those in the placebo group at 6 weeks. The SF-NDI items that improved at 6 weeks were "irritable, tense, or frustrated", "enjoyment of eating or drinking", and "tension", which are sub-scales related to mental stress. The items "Over-all" in the GSRS and "feeling hungry" in the CNAQ-J significantly improved in the OLL2716 group compared with the placebo group at 12 weeks. The results suggest that regular intake of L. paragasseri OLL2716 may improve both gastric discomfort and mental stress in healthy adults with gastric complaints, such as postprandial fullness or early satiety.
{"title":"The Beneficial Effects of Regular Intake of <i>Lactobacillus paragasseri</i> OLL2716 on Gastric Discomfort in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.","authors":"Naruomi Yamada, Kyosuke Kobayashi, Akika Nagira, Takayuki Toshimitsu, Asako Sato, Hiroshi Kano, Kenichi Hojo","doi":"10.3390/nu16183188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated the effects of <i>Lactobacillus paragasseri</i> OLL2716 on gastrointestinal symptoms in healthy adults with gastric complaints. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 174 healthy Japanese adults were randomly assigned to an OLL2716 or placebo group, and each group consumed 85 g of yogurt containing <i>L. paragasseri</i> OLL2716 or placebo yogurt daily for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was the change in gastric symptoms from baseline as per the participants' questionnaires at 6 and 12 weeks. The secondary endpoints were changes from baseline in the short-form Nepean Dyspepsia Index (SF-NDI), the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), and the Council on Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire-Japanese (CNAQ-J) scores at 6 and 12 weeks. The primary endpoint data showed that the changes in \"epigastric pain\" at 6 and 12 weeks were significantly decreased in the OLL2716 group compared with those in the placebo group. Additionally, the changes in \"epigastric pain syndrome-like symptoms\" were significantly decreased in the OLL2716 group compared with those in the placebo group at 6 weeks. The SF-NDI items that improved at 6 weeks were \"irritable, tense, or frustrated\", \"enjoyment of eating or drinking\", and \"tension\", which are sub-scales related to mental stress. The items \"Over-all\" in the GSRS and \"feeling hungry\" in the CNAQ-J significantly improved in the OLL2716 group compared with the placebo group at 12 weeks. The results suggest that regular intake of <i>L. paragasseri</i> OLL2716 may improve both gastric discomfort and mental stress in healthy adults with gastric complaints, such as postprandial fullness or early satiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11434869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Itzen Aguiñiga-Sánchez, Edgar Ledesma-Martínez, Mariana Vázquez-Guerrero, David Hernández-Álvarez, Amanda Velasco-García, Katia Michell Rodríguez-Terán, Daniel Romero-Trejo, Víctor Manuel Mendoza-Núñez, Víctor Manuel Macías-Zaragoza, Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio
Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological neoplasm of rapid and progressive onset, and is the most common form of leukemia in adults. Chemoresistance to conventional treatments such as cytarabine (Ara-C) and daunorubicin is a main cause of relapse, recurrence, metastasis, and high mortality in AML patients. It is known that sodium caseinate (SC), a salt derived from casein, a milk protein, inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cells but not in normal hematopoietic cells. However, it is unknown whether SC retains its antileukemic effect in cytarabine-resistant AML cell lines.
Objective: To evaluate the antineoplastic effect of SC in cytarabine-resistant leukemia models.
Methods: The SC inhibits the growth and induces apoptosis in parental WEHI-3 AML cells. Here, we generated two cytarabine-resistant sublines, WEHI-CR25 and WEHI-CR50, which exhibit 6- and 16-fold increased resistance to cytarabine, respectively, compared to the parental WEHI-3 cells. Thus, these sublines mimic a chemoresistant model.
Results: We demonstrate that WEHI-CR25 and WEHI-CR50 cells retain sensitivity to SC, similar to parental WEHI-3 cells. This sensitivity results in inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and increased expression of ENT1 and dCK, molecules involved in the entry and metabolism of Ara-C, while decreasing MDR1 expression. Additionally, we observed that SC prolonged the survival of WEHI-CR50 tumor-bearing mice, despite their resistance to Ara-C.
Conclusion: This is the first evidence that SC, a milk protein, may inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in cytarabine-resistant cells.
{"title":"Antineoplastic Activity of Sodium Caseinate in a Cytarabine-Resistant Mouse Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Line.","authors":"Itzen Aguiñiga-Sánchez, Edgar Ledesma-Martínez, Mariana Vázquez-Guerrero, David Hernández-Álvarez, Amanda Velasco-García, Katia Michell Rodríguez-Terán, Daniel Romero-Trejo, Víctor Manuel Mendoza-Núñez, Víctor Manuel Macías-Zaragoza, Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio","doi":"10.3390/nu16183190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological neoplasm of rapid and progressive onset, and is the most common form of leukemia in adults. Chemoresistance to conventional treatments such as cytarabine (Ara-C) and daunorubicin is a main cause of relapse, recurrence, metastasis, and high mortality in AML patients. It is known that sodium caseinate (SC), a salt derived from casein, a milk protein, inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cells but not in normal hematopoietic cells. However, it is unknown whether SC retains its antileukemic effect in cytarabine-resistant AML cell lines.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the antineoplastic effect of SC in cytarabine-resistant leukemia models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The SC inhibits the growth and induces apoptosis in parental WEHI-3 AML cells. Here, we generated two cytarabine-resistant sublines, WEHI-CR25 and WEHI-CR50, which exhibit 6- and 16-fold increased resistance to cytarabine, respectively, compared to the parental WEHI-3 cells. Thus, these sublines mimic a chemoresistant model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We demonstrate that WEHI-CR25 and WEHI-CR50 cells retain sensitivity to SC, similar to parental WEHI-3 cells. This sensitivity results in inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and increased expression of ENT1 and dCK, molecules involved in the entry and metabolism of Ara-C, while decreasing MDR1 expression. Additionally, we observed that SC prolonged the survival of WEHI-CR50 tumor-bearing mice, despite their resistance to Ara-C.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first evidence that SC, a milk protein, may inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in cytarabine-resistant cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11435215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Małgorzata Soroń-Lisik, Paweł Więch, Mariusz Dąbrowski
Background/objective: Obesity and overweight have become growing health-related issues worldwide, which also applies to Poland. Excess fat mass is associated with an increased risk of metabolic and non-metabolic complications. The aim of our pre-post-designed study was to assess the effect of behavioral intervention on body weight, fat mass and anthropometric and metabolic parameters in obese and overweight individuals.
Methods: The study included one hundred people (85 women) with excess fat mass who voluntarily declared their willingness to participate in the weight-loss program consisted of 12 weeks of the DASH diet combined with regular, supervised physical activity. Anthropometric measurements and laboratory tests were performed in all study participants, and anthropometric and metabolic indices were calculated at baseline and after three months of treatment.
Results: Body weight decreased significantly by 5.63 ± 4.03 kg, BMI by 2.06 ± 1.44 kg/m2, waist circumference by 5.6 ± 3.7 cm, fat mass from 40.04 ± 6.90 to 36.56 ± 7.07% and uric acid level by 16.0 ± 41.6 μmol/L (p < 0.001 in all cases). We also found an improvement in lipid profile and anthropometric and metabolic indices, except for HDL cholesterol and plasma glucose levels.
Conclusions: The effect of the DASH diet and supervised physical activity was beneficial regardless of age, sex and the presence of hypertension or dysglycemia at baseline. The implementation of a healthy lifestyle was associated with a significant improvement in anthropometric and metabolic parameters, which, if continued, may reduce the risk of unfavorable health-related outcomes in the future.
{"title":"Beneficial Effect of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Diet Combined with Regular Physical Activity on Fat Mass and Anthropometric and Metabolic Parameters in People with Overweight and Obesity.","authors":"Małgorzata Soroń-Lisik, Paweł Więch, Mariusz Dąbrowski","doi":"10.3390/nu16183187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objective: </strong>Obesity and overweight have become growing health-related issues worldwide, which also applies to Poland. Excess fat mass is associated with an increased risk of metabolic and non-metabolic complications. The aim of our pre-post-designed study was to assess the effect of behavioral intervention on body weight, fat mass and anthropometric and metabolic parameters in obese and overweight individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included one hundred people (85 women) with excess fat mass who voluntarily declared their willingness to participate in the weight-loss program consisted of 12 weeks of the DASH diet combined with regular, supervised physical activity. Anthropometric measurements and laboratory tests were performed in all study participants, and anthropometric and metabolic indices were calculated at baseline and after three months of treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Body weight decreased significantly by 5.63 ± 4.03 kg, BMI by 2.06 ± 1.44 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, waist circumference by 5.6 ± 3.7 cm, fat mass from 40.04 ± 6.90 to 36.56 ± 7.07% and uric acid level by 16.0 ± 41.6 μmol/L (<i>p</i> < 0.001 in all cases). We also found an improvement in lipid profile and anthropometric and metabolic indices, except for HDL cholesterol and plasma glucose levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The effect of the DASH diet and supervised physical activity was beneficial regardless of age, sex and the presence of hypertension or dysglycemia at baseline. The implementation of a healthy lifestyle was associated with a significant improvement in anthropometric and metabolic parameters, which, if continued, may reduce the risk of unfavorable health-related outcomes in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11435128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142336495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tymofiy Lutsiv, Elizabeth S Neil, John N McGinley, Chelsea Didinger, Vanessa K Fitzgerald, Tiffany L Weir, Hisham Hussan, Terryl J Hartman, Henry J Thompson
Introducing grain legumes, i.e., pulses, into any food pattern effectively increases dietary fiber and other bioactive food components of public health concern; however, the impact depends on the amount consumed. Given the convergence of preclinical and clinical data indicating that intake of at least 300 g (1.5 cup) of cooked pulse per day has clinically observable benefit, the feasibility for a typical consumer was demonstrated by creation of a fourteen-day menu plan that met this criterion. This menu plan, named Bean Cuisine, was comprised of a combination of five cooked pulses: dry beans, chickpeas, cowpeas, dry peas, and lentils. As reported herein, the impact of each menu day of the fourteen-day plan on gut microbial composition and predicted function was evaluated in female C57BL/6J mice, a strain commonly used in studies of metabolic dysfunction-associated chronic diseases. We report that pulse-related effects were observed across a wide variety of food item combinations. In comparison to a pulse-free human cuisine, all pulse menu days enriched for a gut ecosystem were associated with changes in predicted metabolic pathways involving amino acids (lysine, tryptophan, cysteine), short-chain fatty acids (butyrate, acetate), and vitamins (B1, B6, B9, B12, K2) albeit via different combinations of microbiota, according to the PICRUSt2 estimates. The predicted metabolic functions correlating with the various pulses in the menus, indicate the value of a food pattern comprised of all pulse types consumed on a regular basis. This type of multi-pulse food pattern has the potential to enhance the taxonomic and functional diversity of the gut microbiome as a means of strengthening the resilience of the gut ecosystem to the challenges associated with the daily activities of living.
{"title":"Impact of a Pulse-Enriched Human Cuisine on Functional Attributes of the Gut Microbiome Using a Preclinical Model of Dietary-Induced Chronic Diseases.","authors":"Tymofiy Lutsiv, Elizabeth S Neil, John N McGinley, Chelsea Didinger, Vanessa K Fitzgerald, Tiffany L Weir, Hisham Hussan, Terryl J Hartman, Henry J Thompson","doi":"10.3390/nu16183178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introducing grain legumes, i.e., pulses, into any food pattern effectively increases dietary fiber and other bioactive food components of public health concern; however, the impact depends on the amount consumed. Given the convergence of preclinical and clinical data indicating that intake of at least 300 g (1.5 cup) of cooked pulse per day has clinically observable benefit, the feasibility for a typical consumer was demonstrated by creation of a fourteen-day menu plan that met this criterion. This menu plan, named Bean Cuisine, was comprised of a combination of five cooked pulses: dry beans, chickpeas, cowpeas, dry peas, and lentils. As reported herein, the impact of each menu day of the fourteen-day plan on gut microbial composition and predicted function was evaluated in female C57BL/6J mice, a strain commonly used in studies of metabolic dysfunction-associated chronic diseases. We report that pulse-related effects were observed across a wide variety of food item combinations. In comparison to a pulse-free human cuisine, all pulse menu days enriched for a gut ecosystem were associated with changes in predicted metabolic pathways involving amino acids (lysine, tryptophan, cysteine), short-chain fatty acids (butyrate, acetate), and vitamins (B<sub>1</sub>, B<sub>6</sub>, B<sub>9</sub>, B<sub>12</sub>, K<sub>2</sub>) albeit via different combinations of microbiota, according to the PICRUSt2 estimates. The predicted metabolic functions correlating with the various pulses in the menus, indicate the value of a food pattern comprised of all pulse types consumed on a regular basis. This type of multi-pulse food pattern has the potential to enhance the taxonomic and functional diversity of the gut microbiome as a means of strengthening the resilience of the gut ecosystem to the challenges associated with the daily activities of living.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11434987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Késsia Cristina Carvalho Santos, Lucas Furtado Domingos, Fabiane Merigueti Nunes, Luisa Martins Simmer, Evellyn Rodrigues Cordeiro, Filipe Martinuzo Filetti, Danilo Sales Bocalini, Camila Renata Corrêa, Ana Paula Lima-Leopoldo, André Soares Leopoldo
Background/objectives: Capsinoids are potential antioxidant agents capable of reducing oxidative damage and the resulting complications triggered by obesity. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of capsinoids on adiposity and biomarkers of cardiac oxidative stress in obese rats induced by a high-fat diet.
Methods: Male Wistar rats were exposed to a high-fat diet for 27 consecutive weeks. After the characterization of obesity (week 19), some of the obese animals began to receive capsinoids (10 mg/kg/day) by orogastric gavage. Adiposity and comorbidities were assessed. In the heart, remodeling, injury, and biomarkers of oxidative stress were determined.
Results: The treatment did not reduce obesity-induced adiposity but was efficient in reducing cholesterol levels. Capsinoid treatment did not cause a difference in heart and LV mass, despite having reduced troponin I concentrations. Furthermore, capsinoids did not reduce the increase in the advanced oxidation of protein products and carbonylated proteins caused by obesity in cardiac tissue. In addition, obese rats treated with capsinoids presented high levels of malondialdehyde and greater antioxidant enzyme activity compared to untreated obese rats.
Conclusions: In conclusion, treatment with capsinoids increases antioxidative enzyme activity and prevents obesity-induced cardiac injury without positively modulating body fat accumulation and cardiac oxidative biomarkers.
背景/目的:辣椒素是一种潜在的抗氧化剂,能够减少氧化损伤和由此引发的肥胖并发症。因此,本研究旨在探讨辣椒素对高脂饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠的脂肪含量和心脏氧化应激生物标志物的影响:方法:雄性 Wistar 大鼠连续 27 周摄入高脂肪饮食。在确定肥胖特征后(第 19 周),部分肥胖动物开始通过口胃灌胃接受胶囊类药物(10 毫克/千克/天)。对肥胖和合并症进行了评估。对心脏的重塑、损伤和氧化应激的生物标志物进行了测定:结果:治疗并不能减少肥胖引起的肥胖,但能有效降低胆固醇水平。尽管降低了肌钙蛋白 I 的浓度,但辣椒素治疗并未导致心脏和左心室质量的差异。此外,辣椒素并未减少肥胖导致的心脏组织中蛋白质产物和羰基化蛋白质的高级氧化。此外,与未接受治疗的肥胖大鼠相比,接受类辣椒素治疗的肥胖大鼠体内丙二醛含量较高,抗氧化酶活性较强:总之,用辣椒素治疗可提高抗氧化酶活性,防止肥胖引起的心脏损伤,同时不会对体内脂肪积累和心脏氧化生物标志物产生积极影响。
{"title":"Capsinoids Increase Antioxidative Enzyme Activity and Prevent Obesity-Induced Cardiac Injury without Positively Modulating Body Fat Accumulation and Cardiac Oxidative Biomarkers.","authors":"Késsia Cristina Carvalho Santos, Lucas Furtado Domingos, Fabiane Merigueti Nunes, Luisa Martins Simmer, Evellyn Rodrigues Cordeiro, Filipe Martinuzo Filetti, Danilo Sales Bocalini, Camila Renata Corrêa, Ana Paula Lima-Leopoldo, André Soares Leopoldo","doi":"10.3390/nu16183183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Capsinoids are potential antioxidant agents capable of reducing oxidative damage and the resulting complications triggered by obesity. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of capsinoids on adiposity and biomarkers of cardiac oxidative stress in obese rats induced by a high-fat diet.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male <i>Wistar</i> rats were exposed to a high-fat diet for 27 consecutive weeks. After the characterization of obesity (week 19), some of the obese animals began to receive capsinoids (10 mg/kg/day) by orogastric gavage. Adiposity and comorbidities were assessed. In the heart, remodeling, injury, and biomarkers of oxidative stress were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The treatment did not reduce obesity-induced adiposity but was efficient in reducing cholesterol levels. Capsinoid treatment did not cause a difference in heart and LV mass, despite having reduced troponin I concentrations. Furthermore, capsinoids did not reduce the increase in the advanced oxidation of protein products and carbonylated proteins caused by obesity in cardiac tissue. In addition, obese rats treated with capsinoids presented high levels of malondialdehyde and greater antioxidant enzyme activity compared to untreated obese rats.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, treatment with capsinoids increases antioxidative enzyme activity and prevents obesity-induced cardiac injury without positively modulating body fat accumulation and cardiac oxidative biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11434772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}