Optik最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating short term financial marketing bitcoin prediction: A comparative analysis of large-kernel attention graph convolutional networks across various prediction horizon","authors":"Mohideen AbdulKader M ,&nbsp;Sudhansu Sekhar Nanda ,&nbsp;K. Sampath ,&nbsp;D. Barani","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the most popular investment assets nowadays is Bitcoin. The financial market volatility of bitcoin's price has drawn the attention of researchers and investors alike to the ways in which its price fluctuates. The paper proposes an evaluation of Short Term Financial Marketing Bitcoin Prediction: A Comparative Analysis of Large-Kernel Attention Graph Convolutional Networks across Various Prediction Horizons (BP-ST-LAGCN-NOA) for short-term Bitcoin market prediction. Then, pre-processed data are fed to the Large-kernel Attention Graph Convolutional Network (LAGCN) to effectively predict the bitcoin market in the short term. LAGCN does not express adaptive optimization strategies to determine optimal factors to effectively predict the Bitcoin market. Hence, the Nutcracker Optimization Algorithm (NOA) is employed to optimize the weight parameter of the Large-kernel Attention Graph Convolutional Network to predict the bitcoin market. Then the proposed BP-ST-LAGCN-NOA is implemented in Python, and the performance metrics like Accuracy, Precision, Recall, Specificity, F1-score, and ROC are analysed. The BP-ST-LAGCN-NOA model achieves 99.64 % accuracy, 99.21 % precision, 99.18 % recall, 98.14 % F1-Score and 98.47 % specificity, outperforming all baseline methods. The BP-ST-LAGCN-NOA model demonstrates superior accuracy and robustness in short-term Bitcoin market prediction, outperforming existing machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 172663"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical radiation forces on Rayleigh spheres produced by focused vortex higher-order cosine-hyperbolic-Gaussian beams","authors":"Abdellah Ahlane,&nbsp;Salma Chib,&nbsp;Zoubir Hricha,&nbsp;Abdelmajid Belafhal","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a theoretical investigation of the optical radiation forces exerted by highly focused vortex higher-order cosine-hyperbolic-Gaussian beams (vHOChGBs) on Rayleigh dielectric spheres. Analytical expressions for the focused vHOChGBs field and the resulting gradient and scattering forces are derived, explicitly revealing their dependence on key beam parameters (decentering <em>b</em>, beam order <em>N</em>, topological charge <em>m</em>), particle characteristics, and the environment medium. Numerical results show that the structured intensity profiles of vHOChGBs enable simultaneous trapping of low and high-index particles. High-index particles localize in bright focal regions, while low-index particles are confined into inter-lobe minima. Stability analysis establishes that gradient forces dominate scattering and thermal effects across parameter spaces, with beam waist ω₀ and topological charge <em>m</em> critically governing trapping potential depths. This parametric flexibility could allow precision assembly of micro/nanostructures and non-invasive biological specimen handling, advancing vHOChGBs as versatile tools for optical tweezers and biophotonics applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 172654"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generation of quantum coherence in a magnomechanical system","authors":"Mulugeta Tadesse Bedore ,&nbsp;Tesfay Gebremariam Tesfahannes ,&nbsp;Tewodros Yirgashewa Darge ,&nbsp;Menisha Alemu Tufa ,&nbsp;Abdelkader Hidki ,&nbsp;Habtamu Dagnaw Mekonnen ,&nbsp;Muhdin Abdo Wodedo ,&nbsp;Philippe Djorwe","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate macroscopic quantum coherence in a hybrid magnomechanical system consisting of a microwave cavity with a yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere coupled to an auxiliary microwave cavity. By solving the Lyapunov equation and analyzing the steady-state mean values, we use the magnetic dipole interaction between the cavity mode and the magnon mode, as well as the magnetostrictive interaction between the magnon mode and the mechanical vibrations of the YIG sphere, to generate and transfer Gaussian quantum coherence across different subsystems. Our results reveal that significant quantum coherence can be realized between various bipartitions, even at high temperatures. We identify optimal parameter regimes that enhance coherence, offering insights into the robust generation and control of quantum correlations in macroscopic systems. These findings contribute to the advancement of macroscopic quantum technologies and highlight promising directions for quantum information processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 172653"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An automated measurement method for dendritic structures in laser cladding coatings using deep learning","authors":"Fang Guo ,&nbsp;Longmei Luo ,&nbsp;Xueming Zhang ,&nbsp;Mengsi Zhang ,&nbsp;Youji Zhan ,&nbsp;Guofu Lian","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To enhance the efficiency of intelligent recognition of the microstructure of laser cladding coatings and optimize the evaluation methods for coating performance and quality, we introduce an image segmentation model called DendriticNet and develops an automated measurement method for the dendritic structure images of laser cladding coatings. The DendriticNet model enables precise pixel-level segmentation and recognition of three types of dendritic structures—dendritic, bulk, and equiaxed crystals—effectively overcoming the limitations of traditional metallographic recognition methods. This provides efficient and accurate technical support for the microstructural analysis of laser cladding coatings. The DendriticNet model combines transfer learning with the Res_CSP attention mechanism module, enabling accurate recognition in complex scenarios involving varying scales and overlapping dendritic structures. Additionally, it achieves qualitative characterization of dendritic microstructures at the micron scale. Experimental results demonstrate that the DendriticNet model achieves an mIoU of 80.31 %, an MPA of 88.43 %, and an accuracy of 93.01 %. By integrating the predicted images produced by the DendriticNet model with the automatic measurement method for dendritic microstructure images of laser cladding coatings, quantitative analysis is conducted to automatically calculate the density ratios of various dendritic structures. Experimental results demonstrate that the measurement accuracy for the total dendritic density ratio exceeds 96.6 %, confirming the feasibility and effectiveness of this automatic measurement method. This approach not only enables the quantitative characterization of dendritic structures at the micron scale but also offers an innovative solution for exploring the relationship between the microstructure and macroscopic performance of coatings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 172643"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145814298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing the depth of focus in mirror optical systems using high-order aspheric coefficients","authors":"Noe Vazquez-Osorio ,&nbsp;Jorge Castro-Ramos ,&nbsp;Alexis Vázquez-Villa ,&nbsp;Freddy Narea-Jiménez","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Depth of focus (DoF) is a fundamental property of optical systems, as it influences key aspects such as image quality, resolution, and tolerance. A method is presented to increase the DoF by adding high-order aspherical coefficients to one of the mirrors of the optical system. The developed method applies to finite and infinite conjugate mirror systems. Using the focal length function, the rays are positioned to determine the aspheric deformation, based on exact ray tracing and the proposed condition of equalizing the optical paths of a marginal and a paraxial ray. Two optical systems are presented. First, a microscope objective with a light sheet length increased by 390 % compared to a classic system. Second, a Telescope with a DoF of 1000 <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> was designed. The results demonstrate the method's versatility, quickly and easily extending the DoF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 172646"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-resonance multilayer Tamm plasmon polariton biosensor for cancer cell detection","authors":"Ahmed Sameer Hatem Alani,&nbsp;Aqilah Baseri Huddin,&nbsp;Norhana Arsad","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents a highly efficient multilayer biosensor based on dual‑resonance Tamm plasmon polaritons (TPPs), designed for ultra‑sensitive detection of lung cancer cells. The sensor employs a thin metal-dielectric interface integrated atop an all-dielectric photonic crystal, enabling two ultra-narrowband resonances under normal incidence without the use of coupling prisms or gratings. Numerical modeling using the transfer matrix method (TMM) confirms strong field confinement at the metal-sample interface, resulting in high spectral selectivity and dual resonance modes with full width at half maximum (FWHM) values of 0.133 nm and 0.143 nm. The corresponding quality factors (<em>Q</em>) reach 4029 and 3778, and figures of merit (FoM) are 90 RIU⁻¹ and 106 RIU⁻¹, respectively. The device exhibits sensitivities of 12 nm/RIU and 15.1 nm/RIU for a refractive index variation of Δ<em>n</em>_<em>S</em> = 0.01. For biological testing with A549 lung cells, resonance shifts of 0.20 nm and 0.23 nm are observed between healthy (<em>n</em> = 1.3662) and cancerous (<em>n</em> = 1.3568) samples. Considering a spectrometer resolution of 0.1 nm, the minimum detectable refractive index changes are 8.3 × 10⁻³ RIU and 6.6 × 10⁻³ RIU for the two resonances. Due to its ultra‑narrow linewidth, high FoM, label‑free operation, and compatibility with standard thin‑film fabrication, the proposed TPP‑based biosensor offers a compact and accurate platform for real‑time optical cancer diagnostics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 172642"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145842307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contingent bit-pair based high capacity reversible data hiding technique in encrypted images for secure message communication","authors":"Sanjay Kumar ,&nbsp;KJ Shruthikeerthi ,&nbsp;Gurjit Singh Walia ,&nbsp;Dhana Lakshmi MP","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reversible Data Hiding (RDH) in the encrypted domain has gained significant attention due to its wide range of applications and the growing need for security and privacy in secure communication. However, existing methods often face challenges, including low embedding capacity, high communication overhead, security vulnerabilities, and overflow/underflow. Addressing these limitations, this paper proposes an efficient separable RDH in Encrypted Images (RDH-EI) method based on a contingent bit-pair. Embedding data at the contingent bit-pair level enhances the embedding capacity and fortifies the security and privacy of both the user message and the plain cover. The embedding process modifies the Most Significant Bits (MSBs) of interpolated pixels according to the proposed bit-pair rule set. Each encrypted cover byte can contribute up to seven bits for data embedding, enabling greater data concealment. At the receiving end, the extraction process recovers the embedded message by reconstructing it using the XOR operation and the plain cover by reversing the encryption, requiring no overhead for recovery. The proposed method is evaluated against state-of-the-art techniques, and results demonstrate significant enhancements in embedding capacity. It achieves a maximum embedding capacity of 455,175 bits at a bit rate of 1.7432 bpp, utilizing minimal execution time over BOWS2, USC-SIPI, and Kodak datasets, low distortion, and perfect reversibility, making it suitable for secure data transmission.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 172645"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of photoluminescence, dosimetric, and imaging properties of Sr3La(PO4)3: Tb","authors":"Haruaki Ezawa,&nbsp;Takumi Kato,&nbsp;Daisuke Nakauchi,&nbsp;Noriaki Kawaguchi,&nbsp;Takayuki Yanagida","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We prepared the non-doped and Tb: Sr₃La(PO₄)₃ (SLaPO) single crystals with Tb concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 10 mol% using the floating zone method and evaluated photoluminescence (PL), dosimetric, and imaging properties. The Tb: SLaPO single crystals exhibited PL and thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) peaks corresponding to the transitions from the ground state to the excited states of Tb^3 + ions. The TSL glow peaks were observed at 80°C for the non-doped SLaPO single crystal and 90°C for Tb: SLaPO single crystals. In the TSL does response function, the 5 mol% Tb: SLaPO sample showed a higher TSL intensity compared to the other samples with a detection limit of 0.01 mGy. Additionally, the 5 mol% Tb: SLaPO single crystal indicated a spatial resolution of 7.10 LP/mm after X-ray irradiation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 172644"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An intelligent adaptive hybrid learning-based detection framework to evade DDoS attack for secure virtualized infrastructures in cloud computing environment","authors":"Chinnala Balakrishna ,&nbsp;Sanaboina Leela Krishna ,&nbsp;Sridhar Mourya ,&nbsp;B. Giridhar ,&nbsp;Chaluvadi V. Raghavendran ,&nbsp;Sudha Singaraju","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>“Cloud computing has transformed technology” with its unmatched scalability and ease of access, allowing users to leverage services under a flexible pay-as-you-go model. Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks hijack many distributed devices to overwhelm systems, making them a persistent cybersecurity concern. Although there are various detection methods already, the growing complexity and frequency of these threats demand more resilient and adaptive security solutions. Existing detection methods frequently fall short in effectively handling the dynamic nature of cloud environments. These limitations collectively motivate the development of more robust and integrated approaches. As a result, this study presents a new architecture for detecting DDoS attacks in virtual cloud computing systems using the Adaptive Hybrid Learning (AHyL) approach. Initially, datasets are collected from publicly available standard sources. Then, the gathered data undergoes data preprocessing to improve its quality. Subsequently, a Spatial Cross-Attention-based Fuzzy Autoencoder (SCA-FAE) is employed to extract robust features. The combination of Spatial Cross-Attention (SCA) and Fuzzy Autoencoder (FAE) in the SCA-FAE approach offers the distinctive advantage by leveraging spatial correlations and handling data uncertainty. These extracted features are forwarded to the AHyL model for the detection process. This offers the distinctive advantage of integrating an Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) with a Residual Recurrent Neural Network (Res-RNN) to balance high-speed processing. Prediction performance is further enhanced by optimizing the model’s parameters using the Random Number Updated Hippopotamus Optimization (RNU-HO) algorithm. Finally, a comparative evaluation shows that the proposed technique significantly outperforms traditional approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 172641"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflecting solitons and their rotation of trajectories in PT-symmetry nonlinear Schrödinger equation with nonlocal cubic-quintic interaction","authors":"P.S. Vinayagam ,&nbsp;S. Mahendran ,&nbsp;S. Thaarini ,&nbsp;P. Sabeenadevi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we investigate an integrable nonlocal cubic–quintic nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation that incorporates both nonlocal cubic and nonlocal quintic interactions, a model that is physically relevant for describing beam propagation in highly nonlinear nonlocal optical media as well as matter-wave dynamics in Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) with long-range interactions and engineered <span><math><mrow><mi>P</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></math></span>-symmetric potentials. Using a modified Darboux transformation and a nontrivial plane-wave seed, we derive a more general class of soliton solutions that enables us to uncover two key dynamical features that have not been reported for higher-order nonlocal integrable systems. First, we show that the evolution of the field <span><math><mi>Q</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> exhibits an exact <span><math><mrow><mi>P</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></math></span>-symmetric mirror reflection in its conjugate mode <span><math><msup><mi>Q</mi><mrow><mo>∗</mo></mrow></msup><mo>(</mo><mo>−</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> for all soliton families—Bright–Bright, Dark–Dark, Bright–Dark, and Dark–Bright—demonstrating that the full soliton dynamics respects the intrinsic nonlocal <span><math><mrow><mi>P</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></math></span> symmetry of the model. Second, we provide physical insight into the mechanism by showing that the spectral parameter governs the phase and velocity structure of individual solitons, while the cubic–quintic nonlocal terms generate an effective <span><math><mrow><mi>P</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></math></span>-symmetric nonlocal potential that constrains one soliton while allowing the other to undergo rotation. For mixed bound states, the inherent asymmetry of the bright and dark backgrounds limits the achievable rotation angle, resulting in a less flexible dynamical response. The combined observation of <span><math><mrow><mi>P</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></math></span>-symmetric reflection and controllable trajectory rotation demonstrates the richness of nonlinear wave propagation in this integrable nonlocal model. These results offer potential applications in nonlinear optics, such as all-optical switching, trajectory-controlled soliton routing, and beam steering in <span><math><mrow><mi>P</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></math></span>-symmetric photonic structures, as well as in BEC systems where nonlocal interactions and symmetry-engineered potentials play a major role in manipulating matter-wave solitons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 172640"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}