Optik最新文献

英文中文

Deep color transfer learning for wireless capsule endoscope image enhancement using adaptive multiple discriminator UNIT 基于自适应多鉴别器单元的无线胶囊内窥镜图像增强的深颜色迁移学习

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 Engineering

Optik

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172583

S. Anand, R.S. Sowparnika, S. Shalini

Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) is a noninvasive method to visualize the inside of the digestive tract. A WCE image frequently has low contrast, variable lightness, and poor visibility due to the camera's limited capabilities, and traditional enhancing techniques are difficult to apply in many situations. Most approaches use predetermined parameters and ignore intrinsic information; they are unable to maintain true color without introducing incorrect data. The proposed method transfers the colors using a generative adversarial network (GAN) and an unsupervised image-to-image translation (UNIT) model. The proposed model proposes an adaptive four-discriminator

(D)

UNIT (Ada4D-U) designed to learn the translation between two visual domains. It consists of one generator (

G

) and four adaptive

D

. Two

D

are used for adaptive color adjustment, and another two

D

are used for adaptive feature mapping. Two WCE datasets, Kvasir and Red Lesion (RL), are used to evaluate enhanced image quality via reference and non-reference metrics. The proposed approach performs better in terms of image quality and the structural similarity index. The Frechet inception distance (FID) metric is used to measure how much the proposed UNIT model has improved. The proposed method is applied as a pre-processing step for WCE tasks, including bleeding lesion detection and lesion segmentation, and its effectiveness is demonstrated on the RL dataset. The performance increase in segmentation and detection is analyzed using metrics such as accuracy, F1 score, dice coefficient, Jaccard index, and so forth.

无线胶囊内窥镜（WCE）是一种无创的方法来观察消化道内部。由于相机功能的限制，WCE图像经常存在对比度低、亮度可变和可视性差的问题，传统的增强技术难以在许多情况下应用。大多数方法使用预定参数而忽略内在信息；如果不引入不正确的数据，它们就无法保持真实的颜色。该方法使用生成对抗网络（GAN）和无监督图像到图像转换（UNIT）模型来传输颜色。该模型提出了一种自适应四鉴别器单元（Ada4D-U），用于学习两个视觉域之间的转换。它由一个生成器(G)和四个自适应D组成，其中两个D用于自适应颜色调整，另外两个D用于自适应特征映射。两个WCE数据集，Kvasir和Red病变（RL），通过参考和非参考指标来评估增强的图像质量。该方法在图像质量和结构相似度指标方面表现较好。Frechet初始距离（FID）度量用于衡量所提出的UNIT模型改进了多少。将该方法作为出血病灶检测和病灶分割等WCE任务的预处理步骤，并在RL数据集上验证了其有效性。使用精度、F1分数、骰子系数、Jaccard指数等指标来分析分割和检测方面的性能提升。

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引用次数: 0

Cavity modes’ photon statistics of parametric oscillator with lambda three-level atom and squeezed vacuum reservoirs 带λ三能级原子和压缩真空容器的参量振荡器的腔模光子统计

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 Engineering

Optik

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172580

Abebe Yeshaw, Misrak Getahun

We consider the cavity modes whose cavity contains a nonlinear crystal generating correlated light and a lambda three-level atom, and both the atom and cavity modes are coupled to squeezed vacuum reservoirs. The statistical properties of the cavity lights are analyzed by employing the expectation values of the atomic and cavity modes variables at a steady state. The finding demonstrates that the two cavity modes have equal mean photon numbers and second-order correlation functions with super-Poissonian photon statistics. It is found that the nonlinear crystal in the cavity and squeezed vacuum reservoirs enhance the mean photon number of the cavity modes, but the atom–cavity coupling strength reduces the mean photon number. The probability of observing an equal number of modes’ photons in the cavity is higher than that of observing different numbers of photons.

我们考虑了包含产生相关光的非线性晶体和λ三能级原子的空腔模式，并且原子和空腔模式都耦合到压缩真空储层。利用稳态下原子模式和腔模式变量的期望值分析了腔光的统计特性。结果表明，两种腔模式具有相等的平均光子数和二阶相关函数，具有超泊松光子统计量。研究发现，腔内的非线性晶体和压缩真空储层提高了腔模的平均光子数，但原子-腔耦合强度降低了平均光子数。在腔内观察到相同数量的模式光子的概率高于观察到不同数量的光子的概率。

引用次数: 0

Holographic speckle diffusers with complex scattered beam patterns realized by using a frequency spectrum modulation system 利用频谱调制系统实现了具有复杂散射光束图样的全息散斑扩散器

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 Engineering

Optik

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172585

Feifan Li , Yongmo Lv , Chen Wang , Jianting Fu , Hengqing Cui , Jun Shen , Haibo Jiang , Shaoyun Yin

Existing holographic speckle diffusers are limited by the speckle exposure method, which can only achieve circular or elliptical scattering light patterns. In this paper, based on the mechanism that the scattered light pattern of a holographic diffuser is determined by its recorded spatial frequency spectrum (SFS) of the speckle field, a frequency spectrum modulation system for the preparation of holographic diffuser is proposed and designed. By precisely controlling the SFS of the speckle field, holographic diffusers capable of producing scattered light patterns such as squares, diamonds, hexagons, etc. have been prepared. The method proposed in this paper addresses the preparation of holographic speckle diffusers for complex scattered light patterns, which is expected to broaden the application areas of holographic diffusers further.

现有的全息散斑扩散器受到散斑曝光方法的限制，只能实现圆形或椭圆形的散射光模式。本文基于全息漫射器的散射光模式由其记录的散斑场空间频谱（SFS）决定的机理，提出并设计了一种用于全息漫射器制备的频谱调制系统。通过对散斑场的SFS进行精确控制，制备出了能够产生正方形、菱形、六边形等散射光图案的全息扩散器。本文提出的方法解决了复杂散射光模式全息散斑扩散器的制备问题，有望进一步拓宽全息扩散器的应用领域。

引用次数: 0

Asymmetry of plane-mirror imaging 平面镜成像不对称

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 Engineering

Optik

Pub Date : 2025-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172579

Guilin Wen

Mirror symmetry is commonly used to describe parity conservation in physics. This kind of chiral symmetry concept originates from daily observations and the virtual image principle of plane-mirror imaging. However, no one can measure accurately the symmetry between an object and its plane-mirror image in the real world. The aim of this paper is to propose the asymmetry of plane-mirror imaging itself as a novel conclusion in optics. The theoretical foundation of this asymmetry is the new reflection nature of imaging that mirror image results from diffused reflection, not from the traditional specular reflection. An experiment equivalent to the process of observing mirror images using human’s eyes is first built to show the fact that plane mirror can produce REAL image on light screen in front of the mirror. Some other experiments and optical analyses are then implemented to validate that the traditional virtual image theory does not provide the symmetry of plane-mirror imaging. Furthermore, based on the microscopic reflecting mechanism of polarized Mobius-strip effect, one can obtain the properties on spatial shift of reflection point to incident point, and breaking of space inversion invariance. Viewed from both microscopic light-medium interaction and geometric optics, these results can confirm astonishingly the asymmetry of plane-mirror imaging itself.

在物理学中，镜像对称通常用来描述宇称守恒。这种手性对称概念来源于日常观测和平面镜成像的虚像原理。然而，在现实世界中，没有人能够精确地测量物体与其平面镜镜像之间的对称性。本文的目的是提出平面镜成像本身的不对称性作为光学中的一个新结论。这种不对称的理论基础是成像的新反射性质，即镜像是由漫反射产生的，而不是传统的镜面反射。首先建立了一个相当于人眼观察镜像过程的实验，证明了平面镜可以在镜子前的光屏上产生真实的图像。通过实验和光学分析，验证了传统的虚像理论不能提供平面镜成像的对称性。此外，基于偏振莫比乌斯带效应的微观反射机理，可以得到反射点到入射点的空间位移和空间反演不变性的打破。从微观光介质相互作用和几何光学角度来看，这些结果可以惊人地证实平面镜成像本身的不对称性。

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引用次数: 0

Optical and scintillation characteristics of Ce:SrF2 translucent ceramics Ce:SrF2半透明陶瓷的光学和闪烁特性

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 Engineering

Optik

Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172569

Takumi Kato, Daisuke Nakauchi, Noriaki Kawaguchi, Takayuki Yanagida

Transparent ceramics are promising as materials of phosphors, but there are few examples of transparent ceramics being used as scintillators. In this study, Ce:SrF₂ translucent ceramics were selected as a new material and were obtained by spark plasma sintering. The average grain size was ∼100 μm for the 0.01 % Ce:SrF₂ translucent ceramic and decreased to ∼40 μm with increasing Ce concentration. The total transmittance of Ce:SrF₂ translucent ceramics was approximately 50 % in the range of 350–800 nm. All the samples exhibited photoluminescence and scintillation peaks at 310 and 330 nm, attributed to the 5d–4f transitions of Ce³⁺. The photoluminescence quantum yield and scintillation light yield of the 0.1 % Ce:SrF₂ translucent ceramic were 29.4 % and 2400 ph/MeV, respectively.

透明陶瓷是一种很有前途的荧光粉材料，但用作闪烁体的例子很少。本研究选择Ce:SrF2半透明陶瓷作为新材料，采用火花等离子烧结法制备了Ce:SrF2半透明陶瓷。0.01 % Ce:SrF2半透明陶瓷的平均晶粒尺寸为~ 100 μm，随着Ce浓度的增加晶粒尺寸减小到~ 40 μm。在350 ~ 800 nm范围内，Ce:SrF2半透明陶瓷的总透过率约为50% %。由于Ce3+的5d-4f跃迁，所有样品均在310和330 nm处出现光致发光和闪烁峰。0.1 % Ce:SrF2半透明陶瓷的光致发光量子产率和闪烁光产率分别为29.4 %和2400 ph/MeV。

引用次数: 0

Theoretical approach of a 1D photonic coupler based on electromagnetically induced transparency resonances 基于电磁感应透明共振的一维光子耦合器的理论研究

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 Engineering

Optik

Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172570

Younes Errouas , Ilyass El kadmiri , Youssef Ben-Ali , Driss Bria

In this study, we present a one-dimensional photonic coupler system based on Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) resonances, designed to connect a single input to three outputs through a loop structure characterized by the dimensions d₀₁ and d₀₂. The proposed coupler operates as an ON–OFF switch and serves as the basis for multi-output multiplexers capable of filtering electromagnetic waves at distinct frequencies as required. The photonic coupler enables efficient transfer of electromagnetic waves between waveguides at specific frequencies by means of controlled coupling. The investigated structure consists of a resonant circuit connected to four semi-infinite waveguides. The resonant circuit, composed of waveguide segments and resonators, provides frequency-selective transmission in each channel, with the filtered frequency determined by the geometric parameters of the system.

在本研究中，我们提出了一种基于电磁感应透明（EIT）共振的一维光子耦合器系统，该系统旨在通过维度为d₀1和d₀2的环路结构将单个输入连接到三个输出。所提出的耦合器作为ON-OFF开关工作，并作为能够根据需要过滤不同频率电磁波的多输出多路复用器的基础。光子耦合器通过控制耦合使电磁波在特定频率的波导之间有效传输。所研究的结构由一个连接到四个半无限波导的谐振电路组成。谐振电路由波导段和谐振器组成，在每个通道中提供频率选择传输，滤波频率由系统的几何参数决定。

引用次数: 0

Sub luminal light to super luminal light transition in a double−Λ-system in 87Rb vapor 在87Rb蒸汽中以双- Λ-system的形式发生亚光到超光的转变

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 Engineering

Optik

Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172549

Bharti, Joyee Ghosh

This paper provides a comprehensive examination of Zeeman Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) in a closed double

- Λ

system, with a particular emphasis on the

D_{2}

transition of

^{87}

Rb. We investigate the impact of magnetic field, probe beam ellipticity, and coupling intensity on atomic system properties considering a circularly polarized (

σ^{\pm}

) probe and linearly polarized (

π

) coupling beams. The study explores the absorption properties of the system through the peak transmission and EIT width. Furthermore, we also study the dispersive characteristics of the

^{87}

Rb atomic medium, including the group index, group velocity, and group delay of the probe beam, in the presence and absence of a magnetic field for a double

- Λ

system. The transmission profile and the rotation of the probe’s polarization are also examined in relation to the probe’s ellipticity and magnetic field. Additionally, the paper emphasizes the process of transitioning from slow light to fast light through the optimization of some parameters including the magnetic field and probe ellipticity considering double

- Λ

system.

本文对封闭双- Λ体系中的塞曼电致透明（EIT）进行了全面的研究，特别强调了87Rb的D2跃迁。考虑圆极化（σ±）探针束和线极化（π）耦合束，研究了磁场、探针束椭圆度和耦合强度对原子系统性质的影响。通过峰值透射率和EIT宽度考察了系统的吸收特性。此外，我们还研究了双- Λ系统中87Rb原子介质在存在和不存在磁场情况下的色散特性，包括探测光束的群指数、群速度和群延迟。透射剖面和探针的极化旋转也与探针的椭圆度和磁场有关。此外，本文还着重讨论了双−Λ系统下，通过对磁场和探针椭圆率等参数的优化，从慢光过渡到快光的过程。

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引用次数: 0

Biospeckle PIV (Particle image velocimetry) guided live micro-insect monitoring and tracking 生物散斑PIV（粒子图像测速）技术指导活体微虫监测与跟踪

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 Engineering

Optik

Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172556

Mohammad Zaheer Ansari

Using visible light biospeckle laser imaging (BLI), it is possible to track micro-insects. We present a biospeckle imaging system for real-time monitoring and tracking of micro-insects on leaf surface. A biospeckle technique integrated with PIV for real-time monitoring and individual tracking of live micro-insects is introduced. The study demonstrates how laser speckle patterns can be used to detect and visualize insect movement, offering a non-invasive and low-cost alternative to traditional insect monitoring methods. We employ the Generalized Differences (GD) algorithm to process speckle images and extract the local positions of moving insects over time. The experiment successfully tracks an ant’s movement, showcasing the system’s ability to generate activity maps and reconstruct insect trajectories. The study highlights the potential applications of BLI in environmental monitoring, pollinator tracking, and automated insect population assessment. The method is promising, particularly in its noninvasive nature and potential low-cost implementation.

利用可见光生物散斑激光成像（BLI）技术，可以对微小昆虫进行跟踪。提出了一种用于叶片表面微生物实时监测和跟踪的生物散斑成像系统。介绍了一种结合PIV技术的生物斑点技术，用于活体微虫的实时监测和个体跟踪。该研究展示了激光散斑模式如何用于检测和可视化昆虫运动，为传统的昆虫监测方法提供了一种非侵入性和低成本的替代方法。我们采用广义差分（GD）算法对斑点图像进行处理，提取移动昆虫随时间变化的局部位置。该实验成功地跟踪了一只蚂蚁的运动，展示了该系统生成活动图和重建昆虫轨迹的能力。该研究强调了BLI在环境监测、传粉者跟踪和昆虫种群自动评估等方面的潜在应用。这种方法很有前途，特别是它的非侵入性和潜在的低成本实施。

引用次数: 0

Dual-function analysis of triple unsymmetrical microring resonators for biosensor and optical filter applications 用于生物传感器和光学滤光器的三不对称微环谐振器的双功能分析

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 Engineering

Optik

Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172567

Pankaj Kumar Ray, Suman Ranjan

In this paper, a compact micron-sized triple unsymmetrical microring resonator (TUMRR) using the Vernier effect based optical filter and highly sensitive refractive index (RI) based biosensor for cancer cells detection has been demonstrated. The simulation analysis of dual-function TUMRR as an optical filter is done using MATLAB, and the sensitivity results for cancer cell detection using the refractive index change technique have been obtained in OptiFDTD software. The proposed structure may act as a 1 × 3 input-output optical filter to address high FSR and Q-value. Mathematical modeling to obtain the transfer function for filter analysis is done using delay line signal processing, where a unit delay is modeled as

z^{- 1}

. The obtained FSRs for

{Tf}_{1}, {Tf}_{2}, and {Tf}_{3}

are 315 THz, 615 THz, and 835 THz, and the Q-factors are 842, 1338, and 2200, respectively. The reported sensitivity range of the proposed sensor structure is from 150.3 to 167 nm/ RIU.

本文演示了一种紧凑的微米尺寸的三不对称微环谐振器（TUMRR），该谐振器采用基于游标效应的光学滤波器和基于高灵敏度折射率（RI）的生物传感器，用于癌细胞检测。利用MATLAB对双功能TUMRR滤光片进行了仿真分析，并在OptiFDTD软件中得到了折射率变化技术检测癌细胞的灵敏度结果。所提出的结构可以作为1 × 3输入输出光滤波器，以解决高FSR和q值。利用延迟线信号处理进行数学建模，以获得用于滤波器分析的传递函数，其中单位延迟建模为z−1。得到Tf1、Tf2和tf3的fsr分别为315 THz、615 THz和835 THz， q因子分别为842、1338和2200。该传感器结构的灵敏度范围为150.3 ~ 167 nm/ RIU。

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引用次数: 0

Modulation instability analysis in a birefringence FBG structure driven by compete nonlinearities and trapping potential 竞争非线性和俘获势驱动下双折射光纤光栅结构的调制不稳定性分析

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 Engineering

Optik

Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172553

Ilanchezhiyan Inbavalli , Murugan Senthil Mani Rajan , Thangavel Alagesan , Kumarappa Subramanian

In this paper, we investigate modulation instability (MI) in a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) system incorporating quintic nonlinearity and gain/loss parameters, using linear stability analysis (LSA). The model is designed to describe the dynamics of nonlinear wave propagation in non-Kerr birefringent media and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) structures. By employing two-dimensional and three-dimensional representations, we analyze the influence of various system parameters – including nonlinear coupling terms and amplification coefficients – on the shape, bandwidth, and location of the MI gain spectra. The results provide insights into how these parameters control the onset and evolution of instability in periodic nonlinear media. This theoretical prediction offers valuable guidance for the experimental realization of MI in nonlinear periodic structures, such as fiber Bragg gratings and photonic crystal fibers, and contributes to the advancement of instability-based applications in nonlinear photonics.

本文利用线性稳定性分析（LSA）研究了一个包含五次非线性和增益/损失参数的耦合非线性Schrödinger （NLS）系统的调制不稳定性（MI）。该模型旨在描述非线性波在非克尔双折射介质和光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）结构中的传播动力学。通过二维和三维表示，我们分析了各种系统参数（包括非线性耦合项和放大系数）对MI增益谱的形状、带宽和位置的影响。研究结果揭示了这些参数如何控制周期性非线性介质中不稳定性的发生和演化。这一理论预测为非线性周期结构（如光纤Bragg光栅和光子晶体光纤）中MI的实验实现提供了有价值的指导，并有助于推进非线性光子学中基于不稳定性的应用。

引用次数: 0

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