Optik最新文献 - Book学术

A self-calibrating registration system for arbitrary-view 3D scanning 任意视点三维扫描自标定配准系统

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 Engineering

Optik

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2026.172679

Kelei Wang , Junpeng Xue , Shuai Ma , Hongyang Chen , Ran Jia , Ziji Chen

Three-dimensional (3D) measurement technology has been widely applied across various industries, yet the challenge of registering multi-view point clouds into a unified coordinate system persists. In this paper, we propose and mathematically derive a flexible calibration model for an arbitrary-view registration system, which consists of a real Binocular Structured Light Measurement (BSIE) unit and a turntable. When the turntable rotates, one real and multi-virtual measurement units are distributed along a spatial circle. The proposed method first constructs a model describing the positional relationship between the real and virtual units relative to the turntable, with the model parameters calibrated using a single 2D calibration target. Secondly, the data of point clouds of the object surface in different views are measured by BSIE units. After that, the set of point clouds is aligned into the global coordinate system utilizing the calibrated model parameters. So far, the point cloud registration is completed for regular objects with limited texture information. For complex surfaces, ICP is applied as a post-processing step to refine results enabled by accurate calibration. Furthermore, when the positional relationship of the system changes, the calibration parameters will no longer be applicable. In order to improve the convenience of the algorithm, some marker points are set on the turntable to realize the automatic calibration. Experimental results on two objects with regular and complex shapes demonstrate that the proposed method is convenient, fast, and easy to calibrate, with a registration error of less than 0.08 mm.

三维（3D）测量技术已广泛应用于各个行业，但将多视点云注册到统一坐标系中的挑战仍然存在。本文提出并数学推导了一种由双目结构光测量（BSIE）单元和转盘组成的任意视点配准系统的灵活标定模型。当转台旋转时，沿空间圆分布一个实测量单元和多个虚测量单元。该方法首先构建了一个描述真实单元和虚拟单元相对于转台的位置关系的模型，并使用单个二维标定目标标定模型参数。其次，采用BSIE单位测量不同视点下的目标表面点云数据；然后，利用标定后的模型参数将点云集合对准全局坐标系。目前，对于纹理信息有限的规则物体，点云配准已经完成。对于复杂的表面，ICP作为后处理步骤，通过精确校准来优化结果。此外，当系统的位置关系发生变化时，标定参数将不再适用。为了提高算法的便捷性，在转盘上设置了标记点，实现了自动标定。在规则形状和复杂形状物体上的实验结果表明，该方法方便、快速、易于标定，配准误差小于0.08 mm。

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引用次数: 0

Structured light-induced enhancement of fiber-optic refractive index sensing via the excitation of Laguerre higher-order cosh-Gaussian mode 通过拉盖尔高阶cosh-高斯模式激发的结构光诱导光纤折射率传感增强

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 Engineering

Optik

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2026.172682

Bodem Indraja, Arijit Datta, Sreenivasulu Tupakula, Swagata Samanta

Contemporary advances in the spatial-temporal modulation of electromagnetic wavefields have fundamentally reshaped optical beam-shaping paradigms, positioning structured light as a pivotal enabler of next-generation photonic architectures and catalysing transformative developments in nanoscale optics, ultra-sensitive sensing, computational imaging, and high-bandwidth optical communications. Within this evolving landscape, structured-light engineering has unlocked unprecedented control over modal excitation and propagation dynamics in fiber-optic platforms. Nevertheless, despite these advances, most fiber-optic sensing schemes still rely on conventional Gaussian-beam illumination, which is inherently limited in its capacity to preferentially couple energy into higher-order guided modes, resulting in reduced evanescent-field extension and weaker interaction with the surrounding medium. Motivated by this fundamental shortcoming, the present work unveils what we believe to be a novel waveguide-based refractive index sensing system by launching a Laguerre higher-order cosh-Gaussian beam (LHOChGB), whose non-trivial spatial structure enables preferential coupling of higher-order guided modes within a uncladded multimode fiber, thereby enhancing the evanescent field localization and strengthening the guided-mode interaction with the external medium. Furthermore, our study was corroborated by using the beam propagation simulations based on the finite-difference method in OptiBPM to characterize the propagation dynamics of the LHOChGB within the sensor structure. Such rigorous analysis unequivocally demonstrates an impressive peak absolute sensitivity of 33.72 dB/RIU, representing an approximate 10.6-fold enhancement over the conventional Gaussian-excited sensor, which typically yields a sensitivity of 3.18 dB/RIU. Therefore, this incipient genre of structured optical field propels innovative trajectories in the field of optical sensing and exhibits substantial potential for multifaceted physico-chemical and biosensing applications.

电磁波时空调制的当代进展从根本上重塑了光束成形范式，将结构光定位为下一代光子架构的关键推动者，并催化纳米光学、超灵敏传感、计算成像和高带宽光通信的变革发展。在这个不断发展的领域中，结构光工程已经解锁了对光纤平台中模态激励和传播动力学的前所未有的控制。然而，尽管取得了这些进展，大多数光纤传感方案仍然依赖于传统的高斯光束照明，这种照明在优先将能量耦合到高阶制导模式的能力上存在固有的局限性，从而减少了倏逝场扩展和与周围介质的相互作用。基于这一基本缺陷，本研究揭示了一种新的基于波导的折射率传感系统，该系统通过发射拉盖尔高阶cosh-高斯光束（LHOChGB），其非平凡的空间结构使高阶导模在无包层的多模光纤中优先耦合，从而增强了倏逝场定位并加强了导模与外部介质的相互作用。此外，基于OptiBPM的有限差分方法的光束传播模拟验证了我们的研究，以表征LHOChGB在传感器结构中的传播动态。这种严格的分析明确地表明，峰值绝对灵敏度为33.72 dB/RIU，比传统的高斯激发传感器提高了大约10.6倍，传统的高斯激发传感器通常产生3.18 dB/RIU的灵敏度。因此，这种结构光场的早期类型推动了光学传感领域的创新轨迹，并在多方面的物理化学和生物传感应用中显示出巨大的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Three-dimensional nondiffracting Weber beams 三维无衍射韦伯光束

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 Engineering

Optik

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2026.172678

ZhengPing Yang , Wei-Ping Zhong , Milivoj Belić , WenYe Zhong

Controlling the shape of higher-dimensional nondiffracting beams is one of the important research topics in current beam propagation theory and engineering practice. This article investigates the three-dimensional Helmholtz equation and derives its exact beam solution, which incorporates Weber functions and a single control parameter. Building upon the nondiffracting beam solution obtained, we analyze the excited states of Weber beams for different values of the control parameter, including the fundamental state, the first excited state, and even- and odd-order Weber beams. Our findings reveal that the fundamental state of Weber beams exhibits a pancake-like shape, while the first excited state forms a tube-like shape. Odd-order beams display toroidal shapes, whereas even-order beams combine toroidal and ellipsoidal shapes. Typically, the toroidal structures exhibit vortex-type energy distributions, with higher intensities appearing at the edges of tubes, while the ellipsoidal structures display Gaussian-type energy distributions, with higher energies concentrated at the center of pancake-like regions. The method proposed in this study for constructing higher-dimensional exact solutions of the Helmholtz equation using a novel coordinate transformation can be extended to other higher-dimensional models.

高维无衍射光束的形状控制是当前光束传播理论和工程实践中的重要研究课题之一。本文研究了三维亥姆霍兹方程，并导出了包含韦伯函数和单一控制参数的精确梁解。在得到无衍射光束解的基础上，分析了不同控制参数值下韦伯光束的激发态，包括基态、一阶激发态、偶阶和奇阶韦伯光束。我们的发现揭示了韦伯光束的基本状态呈现出煎饼状，而第一激发态形成管状。奇阶光束显示环面形状，而偶阶光束结合了环面和椭球体形状。典型地，环形结构表现为涡旋型能量分布，高强度出现在管的边缘，而椭球体结构表现为高斯型能量分布，高强度集中在饼状区域的中心。本文提出的利用一种新的坐标变换构造亥姆霍兹方程高维精确解的方法可以推广到其他高维模型。

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引用次数: 0

Orbital angular momentum of vector light fields at the tight focus 紧聚焦处矢量光场的轨道角动量

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 Engineering

Optik

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2026.172680

V.V. Kotlyar , A.A. Kovalev

We introduce here new physical quantities. By analogy with the conventional orbital angular momentum (OAM), they are called polarization OAM and hybrid OAM. It is known that the conventional OAM indicates the presence of an optical vortex in the light field and is equal to the topological charge. The same way, the polarization OAM indicates the presence of a "vortex of the linear polarization direction" in the vector field and is equal to the singularity index of the vector field. Thus, it shows how many full turnovers makes the linear polarization vector along a closed contour around the optical axis. The hybrid OAM demonstrates that along a closed contour around the optical axis, the vector field changes not only by the direction of major axis of the polarization ellipse, but also by the ratio between the major and minor ellipse axes. The hybrid OAM is equal to the number of full turnovers of the polarization ellipse. These new OAMs are derived for several typical initial vector fields to demonstrate their functionality. The initial electric field has only two transverse components, which determine the longitudinal component of the OAM vector. However, at the tight focus, all three components of the E-vector arise, and therefore, longitudinal component of the OAM vector is defined by all three electric field components. Thus, if one of these three OAMs is zero in the initial field, then at the focus, this OAM can become nonzero due to appearing longitudinal field component, contributing to this OAM. We believe that these newly introduced OAMs can be applicable to other vector fields, allowing more complete description of their properties.

我们在这里引入新的物理量。与传统的轨道角动量（OAM）类似，它们被称为极化角动量和混合角动量。已知常规OAM表示光场中存在光涡旋，且等于拓扑电荷。同样，偏振OAM表示矢量场中存在“线性偏振方向的涡旋”，等于矢量场的奇异指数。因此，它显示了多少完全翻转使线性偏振矢量沿着光轴周围的封闭轮廓。混合OAM实验表明，在围绕光轴的闭合轮廓线上，矢量场不仅随偏振椭圆长轴方向的变化而变化，而且随椭圆长轴与椭圆短轴的比值而变化。杂化OAM等于极化椭圆的全匝数。这些新的oam是为几个典型的初始向量场导出的，以演示它们的功能。初始电场只有两个横向分量，这两个分量决定了OAM矢量的纵向分量。然而，在紧焦点处，e矢量的三个分量都出现，因此，OAM矢量的纵向分量由三个电场分量定义。因此，如果这三个OAM中有一个在初始场中为零，那么在焦点处，由于出现纵向场分量，该OAM可能会变为非零，从而导致该OAM。我们相信这些新引入的oam可以应用于其他向量场，从而可以更完整地描述它们的性质。

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引用次数: 0

ML-driven gain equalization and enhancement in O+E+S+C multiband optical fiber amplifier ml驱动的O+E+S+C多波段光纤放大器增益均衡与增强

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 Engineering

Optik

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2026.172675

Krishna Sarma, Divyendu Vats, Mohd Mansoor Khan

This work introduces the design and performance analysis of a hybrid optical amplifier (HOA) operating across the O+E+S+C-bands, achieved by integrating Praseodymium-doped fiber amplifiers (PDFAs), Thulium-doped fiber amplifiers (TDFAs), and Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) along with a Raman amplifier (RA). The PDFA, TDFA, and EDFA modules are configured in parallel to amplify optical signals spanning from 1270–1560 nm. However, this configuration exhibits reduced gain performance in the 1360–1410 nm and 1500–1520 nm regions, yielding gains of

\sim

18 dB and

\sim

23 dB, respectively, due to the limited spectral coverage of the individual amplifier modules. To overcome these limitations, a Raman amplifier is cascaded with the PDFA–TDFA–EDFA setup to enhance gain performance in the affected regions with an average gain of 30 dB. To optimize the amplifier’s performance across the O+E+S+C-bands, a machine learning (ML) model, P2RAMnet (Pump Parameter Optimization of Raman Amplifier for Multiband Amplification), is developed to predict optimal Raman pump parameters. The model demonstrates high accuracy, with a mean squared error (MSE) of

\sim

0.5 dB² and a mean absolute error (MAE) of

<

0.2 dB. Among all input features, the pump wavelength emerges as the most influential factor, as identified by SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis. Moreover, PDF analysis shows that the majority of prediction errors fall within

\pm

3 dB, highlighting the model’s accuracy and reliability. The pump parameters predicted by P2RAMnet suggest a pump wavelength of 1321 nm at 1500 mW for the 1360–1410 nm region, and a pump wavelength of 1400 nm at 1300 mW for the 1500–1520 nm region. The predicted parameters are validated through OptiSystem

^{®}

simulations, achieving gain flatness of 4 dB in the 1360–1410 nm range and 2.4 dB in the 1500–1520 nm range, while maintaining a gain of

>

26 dB across the 1280–1550 nm spectrum.

本文介绍了一种工作在O+E+S+ c波段的混合光放大器（HOA）的设计和性能分析，该混合光放大器通过集成掺镨光纤放大器（pdfa）、掺铥光纤放大器（tdfa）和掺铒光纤放大器（edfa）以及拉曼放大器（RA）来实现。PDFA、TDFA和EDFA模块并联配置，可放大1270 - 1560nm的光信号。然而，由于单个放大器模块的频谱覆盖范围有限，这种配置在1360-1410 nm和1500-1520 nm区域的增益性能下降，分别产生~ 18 dB和~ 23 dB的增益。为了克服这些限制，将拉曼放大器与PDFA-TDFA-EDFA设置级联，以提高受影响区域的增益性能，平均增益为30 dB。为了优化放大器在O+E+S+ c波段的性能，开发了一种机器学习（ML）模型P2RAMnet（用于多波段放大的拉曼放大器泵参数优化）来预测最佳拉曼泵参数。该模型具有较高的精度，均方误差（MSE）为0.5 dB2，平均绝对误差（MAE）为0.2 dB。在所有输入特征中，泵浦波长是影响最大的因素，这是SHapley加性解释（SHAP）分析确定的。此外，PDF分析表明，大多数预测误差在±3db以内，突出了模型的准确性和可靠性。P2RAMnet预测的泵浦参数表明，在1360-1410 nm区域，泵浦波长为1321 nm， 1500 mW；在1500 - 1520 nm区域，泵浦波长为1400 nm， 1300 mW。通过OptiSystem®仿真验证了预测参数，在1360-1410 nm范围内实现了4 dB的增益平坦性，在1500-1520 nm范围内实现了2.4 dB的增益平坦性，同时在1280-1550 nm范围内保持了26 dB的增益。

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引用次数: 0

Thermal robustness of nanowire quantum correlations with rashba spin-orbit interaction and external fields rashba自旋轨道相互作用和外场下纳米线量子相关的热鲁棒性

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 Engineering

Optik

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2026.172674

A.-B.A. Mohamed , E.K. Jaradat , S.S. Alharbi

A comprehensive theoretical investigation of quantum correlations (Bell nonlocality, EPR steering, and entanglement) in a nanowire is presented. We analyze the system’s thermal state to determine how a perpendicular magnetic field, Rashba spin-orbit (RSO) interaction, and an external electric field (EEF) interact to maintain non-classicality in the presence of thermal decoherence. Our results reveal a competition between the RSO interaction, which generates the quantum resources, and the Zeeman effect from the magnetic field, which acts to suppress them. Furthermore, a resonant revival of quantum correlations driven by the EEF is demonstrated, even in regimes of high temperature and strong magnetic fields where they are suppressed. This phenomenon originates from a cancellation of the Zeeman-induced spin alignment by the EEF’s orbital perturbation, which restores the efficacy of the RSO entanglement. Specifically, we show that tuning the electric field enables the recovery of entanglement and steering at temperatures where they are otherwise extinguished. These findings highlight a pathway for dynamic control of quantum resources in solid-state spintronic devices, relevant for quantum information applications.

一个全面的理论研究量子相关（贝尔非局域性，EPR转向，和纠缠）在纳米线提出。我们分析了系统的热态，以确定在热退相干存在的情况下，垂直磁场、Rashba自旋轨道（RSO）相互作用和外电场（EEF）如何相互作用以保持非经典性。我们的研究结果揭示了产生量子资源的RSO相互作用与抑制量子资源的磁场塞曼效应之间的竞争。此外，即使在被抑制的高温和强磁场条件下，EEF驱动的量子相关也会共振恢复。这种现象源于EEF的轨道扰动抵消了zeeman诱导的自旋排列，从而恢复了RSO纠缠的有效性。具体来说，我们表明，调整电场可以使纠缠和转向在温度下恢复，否则它们就会消失。这些发现突出了固态自旋电子器件中量子资源动态控制的途径，与量子信息应用相关。

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引用次数: 0

Physics-informed neural networks for predicting ultrashort optical pulse dynamics in nonlinear fiber systems 非线性光纤系统超短光脉冲动力学预测的物理信息神经网络

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 Engineering

Optik

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2026.172673

Régis Donald Hontinfinde , Charbel Z.J. Mamlankou , Senan Ida Valérie Hontinfinde , Marc Amour Ayela , Gaston Edah

We present a deep learning approach for predicting the nonlinear propagation dynamics of ultrashort optical pulses in fiber-optic systems using Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs). The method solves the Hirota equation, which governs femtosecond pulse propagation in long-haul optical communications by incorporating higher-order dispersion and nonlinear delay effects. By embedding physical conservation laws directly into the neural network loss function, our approach achieves high-precision predictions with absolute errors ranging from

10^{- 4}

to

10^{- 3}

when validated against finite-difference reference solutions. Numerical experiments across multiple parameter configurations demonstrate the robustness and computational efficiency of the PINNs framework. The predicted soliton evolution profiles reveal stable pulse propagation characteristics essential for designing next-generation high-capacity optical telecommunication systems. Our results establish PINNs as a powerful computational tool for analyzing complex nonlinear wave phenomena in optical fibers.

我们提出了一种利用物理信息神经网络（pinn）预测光纤系统中超短光脉冲非线性传播动力学的深度学习方法。该方法通过结合高阶色散和非线性延迟效应，解决了远程光通信中控制飞秒脉冲传播的Hirota方程。通过将物理守恒定律直接嵌入到神经网络损失函数中，我们的方法实现了高精度的预测，当对有限差分参考解进行验证时，绝对误差范围为10−4到10−3。跨多参数配置的数值实验证明了该框架的鲁棒性和计算效率。预测的孤子演化曲线揭示了稳定的脉冲传播特性，这对设计下一代高容量光通信系统至关重要。我们的研究结果表明，pinn是分析光纤中复杂非线性波现象的强大计算工具。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical analysis of structured illumination microscopy: Influence of illumination pattern geometry and fringe thickness on resolution enhancement 结构照明显微镜的数值分析：照明模式几何形状和条纹厚度对分辨率提高的影响

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 Engineering

Optik

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2026.172672

Ferhat Hanife , Yashar Azizian-Kalandaragh

Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) enables optical imaging beyond the diffraction limit by heterodyning high spatial frequencies into the observable passband of a conventional microscope. In this work, a complete numerical framework is developed to investigate how illumination pattern geometry and structural parameters influence image formation and resolution enhancement in two-dimensional SIM. Synthetic samples representing periodic arrays of polymer nanotubes are modeled under multiple illumination families, including sinusoidal, Ronchi, sawtooth, and triangular configurations. Each simulation incorporates realistic photon shot noise, detector readout noise, and the optical transfer function (OTF) of a high-numerical-aperture system. Quantitative metrics such as full width at half maximum (FWHM), intensity dip metric, modulation contrast, edge sharpness, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and high-frequency spectral energy are extracted to evaluate performance as a function of fringe thickness. The results demonstrate that structured illumination significantly narrows the effective point-spread function (PSF), enhances image contrast, and recovers otherwise inaccessible high-frequency details. Non-sinusoidal patterns yield improved resolution due to their richer harmonic content, though with minor side-lobe artifacts. Generally, the proposed simulation framework provides both physical insight and practical guidance for optimizing illumination design and achieving higher fidelity in super-resolution SIM imaging.

结构照明显微镜（SIM）通过外差高空间频率进入传统显微镜的可观测通带，使光学成像超越衍射极限。在这项工作中，开发了一个完整的数值框架来研究照明模式几何形状和结构参数如何影响二维SIM中的图像形成和分辨率增强。代表聚合物纳米管周期性阵列的合成样品在多种照明家庭下建模，包括正弦，龙氏，锯齿形和三角形配置。每个模拟都包含了真实的光子射击噪声、探测器读出噪声和高数值孔径系统的光学传递函数（OTF）。提取定量指标，如半最大值全宽度（FWHM）、强度dip度量、调制对比度、边缘清晰度、对比度噪声比（CNR）和高频频谱能量，以评估作为条纹厚度函数的性能。结果表明，结构照明显著缩小了有效点扩展函数（PSF），增强了图像对比度，并恢复了原本无法获取的高频细节。非正弦模式产生改进的分辨率，由于其更丰富的谐波内容，虽然有较小的副瓣伪影。总的来说，所提出的仿真框架为优化照明设计和在超分辨率SIM成像中实现更高的保真度提供了物理见解和实践指导。

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引用次数: 0

Performance evaluation of multi band disk-shaped terahertz MIMO antenna with hexagon slots on ground for future 6 G and terahertz communication system 面向未来6 G和太赫兹通信系统的地面多频带盘形六边形槽MIMO天线性能评估

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 Engineering

Optik

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2026.172671

P. Sushma Chowdary , V.Vijayasri Bolisetty , U. Yedukondalu , Bokkisam Venkata Sai Sailaja

In this paper, a four-port wideband MIMO antenna is developed for future 6 G wireless communication systems. The proposed disk-shaped antenna consists of four identical disk-shaped elements arranged uniformly around a circular structure. This uniform arrangement helps maintain geometric balance and minimizes mutual coupling. All the disk patterns are arranged equidistantly around the centrally etched flower-like structure, which ensures the symmetrical geometry of the proposed antenna. These slots are helpful in generating a super-wide bandwidth ranging from 1.81 THz to 4.1513 THz. To further enhance the efficiency of the antenna, hexagonal slots are etched on the ground plane. The hexagonally etched slots on the ground reduce signal reflection losses. The overall dimensions of the four-port MIMO antenna are 800 × 800 × 50 µm³ , and it is designed on a silicon substrate with a relative permittivity of 11.9. The proposed antenna achieves a super-wide bandwidth ranging from 0.926 THz to 5.5411 THz and a peak gain of 7 dB. MIMO performance parameters such as diversity gain, Total Active Reflection Coefficient (TARC), Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC), and Channel Capacity Loss (CCL) are evaluated, and all lie within acceptable ranges. The disk-shaped antenna demonstrates super-wideband characteristics, high resolution, and a low reflection coefficient. The disk-shaped antenna operates at 1.8175 THz, 2.5911 THz, 3.286 THz, and 4.1513 THz, with reflection coefficients of −28.02 dB, −35.723 dB, −37.11 dB, and −32.35 dB, respectively. Considering to its compact size, wide bandwidth, and stable radiation characteristics, the proposed disk-shaped antenna is well suited for high-speed THz communication and beyond-6G wireless applications.

本文为未来的6 G无线通信系统开发了一种四端口宽带MIMO天线。所提出的圆盘形天线由四个相同的圆盘形元件组成，这些元件均匀地排列在圆形结构周围。这种统一的安排有助于保持几何平衡，并最大限度地减少相互耦合。所有的圆盘图案都等距地排列在中央蚀刻的花状结构周围，这确保了拟议天线的对称几何形状。这些插槽有助于产生从1.81 太赫兹到4.1513 太赫兹的超宽带宽。为了进一步提高天线的效率，在接地面上蚀刻六角形槽。地面上的六角形蚀刻槽减少了信号反射损失。四端口MIMO天线的外形尺寸为800 × 800 × 50 µm³ ，设计在相对介电常数为11.9的硅衬底上。该天线实现了0.926 ~ 5.5411 太赫兹的超宽带宽，峰值增益为7 dB。MIMO性能参数如分集增益、总主动反射系数（TARC）、包络相关系数（ECC）和信道容量损耗（CCL）均在可接受范围内。圆盘形天线具有超宽带特性、高分辨率和低反射系数。圆盘状天线工作在1.8175 THz、2.5911 THz、3.286 THz和4.1513 THz，反射系数分别为- 28.02 dB、- 35.723 dB、- 37.11 dB和- 32.35 dB。该圆盘形天线具有体积小、带宽宽、辐射特性稳定等特点，非常适合高速太赫兹通信和超6g无线应用。

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引用次数: 0

Flat band fine-tuning in photonic crystals via unsupervised shape artificial intelligence 基于无监督形状人工智能的光子晶体平带微调

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 Engineering

Optik

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2026.172669

J.G. Cardona , H.A. Gómez-Urrea , M.E. Mora-Ramos , F.J. Caro-Lopera

This work introduces the so-called shape artificial intelligence as an unsupervised artificial intelligence (AI) methodology for the automated design of photonic crystals (PCs) with optimized flat bands. We apply this method to a 2D square lattice PC with rotating dielectric rods, demonstrating its ability to identify geometric configurations that maximize band flatness across the Brillouin zone. These flat bands are almost unaffected when propagating past large dielectric obstacles. This suggests the potential for identifying topological properties. The results highlight the power of the RD method as a generalizable tool for advanced photonic engineering, with applications in high-density integrated circuits, nonlinear optics, and sensing.

这项工作介绍了所谓的形状人工智能，作为一种无监督人工智能（AI）方法，用于优化平坦带的光子晶体（pc）的自动设计。我们将这种方法应用于具有旋转介质棒的二维方形晶格PC，证明了它能够识别最大限度地提高布里渊带平坦度的几何配置。当传播过大型介电障碍时，这些平坦带几乎不受影响。这表明了识别拓扑特性的潜力。结果突出了RD方法作为先进光子工程的通用工具，在高密度集成电路，非线性光学和传感方面的应用的力量。

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