One Health最新文献

Ticks are reservoirs and vectors of several emerging arboviruses, yet their associated virome remains poorly characterized. Using meta-transcriptomic sequencing, we surveyed Hyalomma marginatum and Rhipicephalus bursa ticks collected from areas with contrasting Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) seroprevalence in wild ungulates in north-eastern Spain, a region with no reported CCHF cases in humans. While CCHFV RNA was not detected, we identified Volzhskoe tick virus (VTV), a recently described member of the class Bunyaviricetes, first identified in Russia, in H. marginatum from the Ports de Tortosa i Beseit Natural Park-making its first report of VTV in Western Europe. These findings suggest a broader distribution of VTV and raise important questions about its potential interactions with CCHFV, pathogenicity and host range. Moreover, our approach underscores the value of metagenomic surveillance for improving our understanding of tick-borne virus ecology.

Purpose: We investigated multi-laboratory culture records to quantify AMR profiles for Salmonella infections, diagnostic gaps and challenges in Nigeria.

Methods: Using a retrospective study, we analyzed a total of 84,548 culture results from 26,630 patients across 25 public laboratories participated in the AMR surveillance report from Nigeria. Salmonella species and stool culture positivity rates were compared throughout the 3 year-period. Stool sampling gaps were quantified and Salmonella species AMR for key antibiotic classes were assessed. Chi-square test and Wald risk ratios were used for statistical analysis, a p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Out of 84,548 culture results, a total of 621 Salmonella species were isolated with Salmonella Typhi being the most commonly reported species. Stool samples represented only 3 % of all collected specimens, yet Salmonella species culture positivity increased from 64 % to 97 % (2016 to 2017; RR 1.51, 95 % CI 1.37-1.65, p < 0.001). AMR remained entrenched: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole ≥90%, fluoroquinolones ≥69 %, and nalidixic acid 91 %; cephalosporin resistance climbed from 60 % to 88 %. We identified a limited stool collection compared to other samples, which impacted identification of Salmonella infections in an endemic area like Nigeria. The key barriers were limited laboratory data integration and lack of One Health surveillance which amplified Salmonella infections AMR threat.

Conclusion: Limited stool culture and escalating multi-drug resistance jeopardize the empirical therapy for Salmonella infections. Our study offers immediate, scalable interventions to strengthen One-Health Salmonella infections AMR control in Nigeria.

The One Health framework emphasizes the interdependence of human, animal, and environmental health. Nurses, as the largest group of healthcare professionals and often the first point of contact with patients and communities, routinely engage in activities aligned with One Health objectives, including vaccination campaigns, community education, infection prevention, environmental monitoring, and the management of non-communicable diseases. Despite this, nursing contributions remain largely unrecognized, and One Health principles are seldom integrated into education, practice, or policy frameworks. This paper highlights the critical role of nursing in operationalizing One Health and identifies barriers to its recognition. It provides targeted recommendations to embed One Health into nursing curricula, promote experiential learning, support continuing education, foster research, formalize nursing roles, strengthen interdisciplinary collaboration, leverage digital technologies, and enhance professional advocacy and leadership. Recognizing and supporting nursing in One Health can significantly strengthen global health initiatives.

The MERS-COV virus is a zoonotic coronavirus that emerged in 2012 in KSA and caused viral illness with a case fatality rate up to 35 %. Over a decade later, the virus is still evolving and circulating. The aim of this review is to discuss the current epidemiology of MERS-COV both in humans and animals, during and post the COVID-19 pandemic. We have found that MERS-COV is still evolving in camels with new lineages being detected in Saudi Arabia. Although the number of human cases has decreased, there is a gradual resurgence in the number of cases. Furthermore, many cases are being reported without exposure to camels and/or raw products, nor contact with known human cases. This necessitates global efforts in the surveillance of asymptomatic carriers in the community, role of unknown animal reservoirs in the virus spread if any, as well as extensive genomic surveillance of the virus. This is in order to unveil and assess the genetic changes that the virus is undergoing and their according effect on the viral fitness, tropism, and virulence. These efforts are crucial for potential future pandemic preparedness, understanding the modes of transmission, as well as drug and vaccine development for MERS-COV.

The Himalayan marmot is the primary plague (Yersinia pestis) reservoir on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, driving human transmission in high altitudes. Effective control requires predicting climate, environment, and human activity-driven marmot density changes and multi-dimensional risk assessment. This study used a random forest model to analyze these factors' impact on marmot density and employed Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to create a risk framework. Findings show climate remains the dominant driver of marmot density under current conservation policies. In risk assessment, host density and plague detection rate were primary risk sources. Among human factors, human density showed stronger risk correlation than other disturbance indicators. This provides a comprehensive, multi-factor risk assessment method for plateau plague control, improving zoonotic disease prevention systems.