One Health最新文献

{"title":"One Health Farming: Noninvasive monitoring reveals links between farm vertebrate richness and pathogen markers in outdoor hoofstock","authors":"Gloria Herrero-García ,&nbsp;Marta Pérez-Sancho ,&nbsp;Patricia Barroso ,&nbsp;Carmen Herranz-Benito ,&nbsp;David Relimpio ,&nbsp;Teresa García-Seco ,&nbsp;Alberto Perelló ,&nbsp;Alberto Díez-Guerrier ,&nbsp;Pilar Pozo ,&nbsp;Ana Balseiro ,&nbsp;Lucas Domínguez ,&nbsp;Christian Gortázar","doi":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Outdoor farming contributes to biodiversity conservation and enhances animal welfare, but also raises biosafety concerns due to livestock contact with potentially infected wildlife. Thus, there is a need to assess the balance between vertebrate species richness on farms, visits by wildlife species posing a biosafety risk, and pathogen circulation in open-air farming systems. We explored these links in a pilot study involving 15 open-air hoofstock farms (6 cattle, 5 small ruminant, and 4 pig farms), where we conducted interviews and risk point inspections and used two noninvasive tools: short-term camera trap (CT) deployment and environmental nucleic acid detection (ENAD). CTs were deployed to assess the richness of birds and mammals, as well as to determine the percentage of CTs detecting defined risk species. We also collected livestock feces and used sponges to sample surfaces for environmental DNA (eDNA), testing for nine pathogen markers. Total vertebrate richness ranged from 18 to 42 species, with waterholes significantly contributing to farm vertebrate richness, since 48.2 % of all wild vertebrates were detected at waterbodies, and 28.6 % were exclusively detected at waterholes. Pathogen markers detected at risk points correlated with those detected in livestock samples. Notably, the frequency of uidA marker detection correlated with the total number of pathogen markers detected per farm. Overall marker richness, an indicator of pathogen diversity, varied between farms, being higher in small ruminant farms compared to cattle or pig farms. At the farm level, wild vertebrate richness was negatively correlated with the richness of pathogen markers detected at risk points. Additionally, risk points with a higher probability of detecting more pathogen markers had lower vertebrate richness. Although CT-based assessments of vertebrate richness and ENAD-based pathogen marker detection are only indicators of actual biodiversity and farm health, respectively, our findings suggest that farmland vertebrate communities provide important ecosystem services and may help limit the circulation of multi-host pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19577,"journal":{"name":"One Health","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100924"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential prevalence and risk factors for infection with coronaviruses in bats collected from Yunnan Province, China","authors":"Ruiya Li ,&nbsp;Alexander Tendu ,&nbsp;Yakhouba Kane ,&nbsp;Victor Omondi ,&nbsp;Jiaxu Ying ,&nbsp;Lingjing Mao ,&nbsp;Shiman Xu ,&nbsp;Rong Xu ,&nbsp;Xing Chen ,&nbsp;Yanhua Chen ,&nbsp;Stéphane Descorps-Declère ,&nbsp;Kathrina Mae Bienes ,&nbsp;Meriem Fassatoui ,&nbsp;Alice C. Hughes ,&nbsp;Nicolas Berthet ,&nbsp;Gary Wong","doi":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coronaviruses (CoVs) pose a threat to human health globally, as highlighted by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and the COVID-19 pandemic. Bats from the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) are an important natural reservoir for CoVs. Here we report the differential prevalence of CoVs in bats within Yunnan Province across biological and ecological variables. We also show the coexistence of CoVs in individual bats and identify an additional putative host for SARS-related CoV, with higher dispersal capacity than other known hosts. Notably, 11 SARS-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoVs) were discovered in horseshoe bats (family <em>Rhinolophidae</em>) and a Chinese water myotis bat (<em>Myotis laniger</em>) by pan-CoV detection and Illumina sequencing. Our findings facilitate an understanding of the fundamental features of the distribution and circulation of CoVs in nature as well as zoonotic spillover risk in the One health framework.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19577,"journal":{"name":"One Health","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100923"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142650833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An operational framework for wildlife health in the One Health approach","authors":"C. Goulet ,&nbsp;M. de Garine-Wichatitsky ,&nbsp;P. Chardonnet ,&nbsp;L.-M. de Klerk ,&nbsp;R. Kock ,&nbsp;S. Muset ,&nbsp;R. Suu-Ire ,&nbsp;A. Caron","doi":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wildlife is an essential component of biodiversity and provides people with multiple social and economic benefits. However, a resurgence of epidemics over the past two decades has highlighted wildlife's role as a potential source of dangerous pathogens for humans and livestock, with devastating consequences worldwide. Simultaneously, numerous reports have indicated that wildlife populations are declining at an alarming rate due to human and livestock pathogens, predation, and competition. An integrated approach to managing wildlife, human, and domestic animal health is therefore clearly needed. Yet this integration often fails to materialize due to a lack of wildlife health standards and know-how. Here, we present an operational framework that follows a step-by-step approach: i) a holistic definition of human health is adapted to the context of other-than-human animals, including wildlife; then, ii) different categories of wildlife living within a landscape or a country are defined based on the management systems under which they live. For each wildlife category, the type (natural vs. anthropogenic) of habitat, the nature of the interface of wildlife with humans and/or livestock, and the level of sanitary control are defined; and finally, iii) the holistic definition of wildlife health is considered in relation to each wildlife category to define health challenges and the domains of expertise required to address them. This framework can assist national and international agencies, including veterinary and wildlife authorities and policy makers, in defining wildlife health priorities, responsibilities, policies and capacity building strategies. The extensive interdisciplinary collaboration needed to manage the many different aspects of wildlife health calls for a more integrated One Health approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19577,"journal":{"name":"One Health","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100922"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Goat seropositivity as an indicator of Rift Valley fever (RVF) infection in human populations: A case-control study of the 2018 Rift Valley fever outbreak in Wajir County, Kenya","authors":"Ruth Omani ,&nbsp;Lisa Cavalerie ,&nbsp;Abukar Daud ,&nbsp;Elizabeth A.J. Cook ,&nbsp;Erenius Nakadio ,&nbsp;Eric M. Fèvre ,&nbsp;George Gitao ,&nbsp;Jude Robinson ,&nbsp;Mark Nanyingi ,&nbsp;Matthew Baylis ,&nbsp;Peter Kimeli ,&nbsp;Joshua Onono","doi":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a viral zoonosis, which is considered as a threat to food security in the Horn of Africa. In Kenya, RVF is the 5th ranked priority zoonotic disease due to its high morbidity and mortality, frequent outbreak events, and associated socioeconomic impacts during outbreak events. In 2018, an RVF outbreak was confirmed in Kenya's Siaya, Wajir, and Marsabit counties. During this outbreak, 30 people were confirmed infected with RVF through laboratory tests; 21 in Wajir, 8 in Marsabit, and 1 in Siaya Counties.</div><div>Seventy-five (75) households (15 cases and 60 controls) were selected and interviewed using a case-control study design in 2021 (?). A case was a household with a member who was diagnosed with RVF in 2018. In addition, a total of 1029 animals were purposively selected within these households and serologically tested for RVF. The study aimed to estimate the contribution of various risk factors to RVF human occurrence in Kenya with a special focus on Wajir County. Wajir County was chosen due to high number of confirmed human cases reported in the 2018 outbreak. A univariable regression model revealed that owner-reported RVF virus exposure in livestock significantly increased the odds of an RVF human case in the household by 32.7 times (95 % CI 4.0–267.4). The respondent being linked to a goat flock that was IgG-positive increased the odds of an RVF human case by 3.8 times (95 % CI 1.17–12.3). In the final multivariable analysis, the respondent being linked to their own animals affected by RVF increased odds of having an RVF human case in the household by 56.9 times (95 % CI 4.6–700.4), while the respondent being linked to a neighbor household member affected decreased odds of having a RVF human case by 0.1 times (95 % CI 0.08–0.75).</div><div>In summary, these results have revealed a potential link for the spread of RVF infection from animals to humans in pastoralist households, hence it is critical to carry out targeted, community education, One Health surveillance, prevention, and control measures against the disease. This will be critical to protecting humans against potential spillovers of infections during outbreak events in livestock.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19577,"journal":{"name":"One Health","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100921"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing caprine schistosomiasis and its One Health importance in Malawi: A molecular epidemiological investigation augmented with a praziquantel treatment and GPS animal tracking pilot sub-study","authors":"Alexandra Juhász ,&nbsp;Peter Makaula ,&nbsp;Lucas J. Cunningham ,&nbsp;Lewis Field ,&nbsp;Sam Jones ,&nbsp;John Archer ,&nbsp;Bright Mainga ,&nbsp;David Lally ,&nbsp;Gladys Namacha ,&nbsp;Donales Kapira ,&nbsp;Priscilla Chammudzi ,&nbsp;E. James LaCourse ,&nbsp;Clinton Nkolokosa ,&nbsp;Edmund Seto ,&nbsp;Sekeleghe A. Kayuni ,&nbsp;Janelisa Musaya ,&nbsp;J. Russell Stothard","doi":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To shed first light on caprine schistosomiasis and its zoonotic potential in Malawi, we conducted a molecular epidemiological investigation, sampling goats (<em>n</em> = 230) across three districts, using faecal miracidia hatching test. Molecular genotyping of miracidia later revealed the prevalence of <em>Schistosoma mattheei</em> to be 0.0 % in Nsanje District (<em>n</em> = 30), 16.7 % in Chikwawa District (n = 30) and 25.3 % in Mangochi District (<em>n</em> = 170). Notably, a miracidium of <em>Schistosoma haematobium</em> was observed from a single goat in Chikwawa. Inspection of carcasses (<em>n</em> = 51) at two local abattoirs in Mangochi District did not find any evidence of caprine schistosomiasis where only a single herd, at Mangochi 3, was infected. Here, despite sampling several other herds nearby, the prevalence was 87.7 % (<em>n</em> = 49), with an animal found excreting 1000 miracidia per 5 g of faeces. At this location, our praziquantel treatment (<em>n</em> = 14) and GPS animal tracking (<em>n</em> = 2) pilot sub-study compared two local goat herds over a three-month period. The daily foraging ranges across a 10 km² area were recorded, alongside targeted schistosome surveillance within local freshwater intermediate snail hosts. Analysis of GPS data revealed only one herd (infected) to have regular daily water contact with Lake Malawi whereas the other herd (not infected) totally avoided the lake. One week after praziquantel treatment administered at 40 mg/kg, anthelminthic cure rate was 92.3 % while at three months approximately a third of treated animals were shedding schistosome miracidia. Cercariae from several field-caught snails locally were genotyped, inclusive of finding a <em>Schistosoma haematobium</em>-<em>mattheei</em> hybrid. Our findings reveal the focalized nature of caprine schistosomiasis, signposting a novel alert for <em>S. haematobium</em> transmission, and highlight where zoonotic transmission can be intense. To better address zoonotic spill-over from <em>S. mattheei</em> (and/or <em>S. haematobium</em>), the national control programme for schistosomiasis should formally develop targeted surveillance of caprine schistosomiasis and where appropriate, attempt an integrated One Health intervention in future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19577,"journal":{"name":"One Health","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100918"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding one health challenges in marginalized urban settings: A patient and public involvement (PPI) approach from the CHIP consortium activities across four global cities","authors":"Logan Manikam ,&nbsp;Darlington David Faijue ,&nbsp;Kalpita Shringarpure ,&nbsp;Margi Sheth ,&nbsp;Pam Factor-Livak ,&nbsp;Priti Parikh ,&nbsp;Hector Altamirano-Medina ,&nbsp;Dewi Nur Aisyah ,&nbsp;Radhika Sharma ,&nbsp;Hemant Chaturvedi ,&nbsp;Kaushik Sarkar ,&nbsp;Rajib Dasgupta ,&nbsp;Nancy Hiu Lan Leung ,&nbsp;Pradeep Kumar Srivastava ,&nbsp;Monica Lakhanpaul ,&nbsp;on behalf of the Childhood Infection and Pollution (CHIP) Consortium","doi":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Slum communities face health risks influenced by environmental, human, and animal health factors, particularly antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Tailored, community-driven solutions are needed to address these multifactorial health determinants. This study explores One Health challenges in urban slums using a Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) approach.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to use qualitative methods within a PPI framework to examine the social, environmental, and animal health factors contributing to AMR and other health challenges in urban slums. Focusing on One Health, we engaged slum residents in Jaipur, Jakarta, Antofagasta, and Istanbul through participatory approaches like social mapping and transect walks to identify health risks and develop intervention strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A PPI approach was employed to involve communities in the research process, ensuring culturally relevant insights. Data collection included social mapping, transect walks, and key informant interviews in the four cities, highlighting critical health determinants such as environmental contamination, healthcare access, and animal-related risks. Thematic analysis identified common challenges and intervention opportunities within the One Health framework.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study underscores the importance of PPI in addressing One Health challenges in urban slums and reveals interconnected human, environmental, and animal health risks. Engaging communities fostered trust and provided locally relevant solutions to complex health issues like AMR. Future interventions should be co-designed with communities to address social determinants like sanitation and healthcare access for sustainable outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19577,"journal":{"name":"One Health","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100919"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The burden of antimicrobial resistance in livestock: A framework to estimate its impact within the Global Burden of Animal Diseases programme","authors":"Sara Babo Martins ,&nbsp;João Sucena Afonso ,&nbsp;Christina Fastl ,&nbsp;Benjamin Huntington ,&nbsp;Jonathan Rushton","doi":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In addition to affecting animal health and production, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in livestock can have far-reaching social and economic consequences, including on human health and the environment.</div><div>Given the diversity of data needs and the absence of standardised methodologies, the scale of antimicrobial use (AMU) and AMR's social and economic burden on livestock is complex to gauge. Yet, quantifying this impact can be an essential input for farm-level decision-making and, more widely, for policy development, public awareness, resource allocation to interventions and research and development prioritisation, particularly in a One Health context.</div><div>This work proposes a conceptual framework to guide the assessment of the burden of AMU and AMR in livestock using the Global Burden of Animal Diseases (GBADs) approach. Its development identified and mapped critical socio-economic concepts in AMU and AMR in livestock and their relationships. The Animal Health Loss Envelope (AHLE), a monetary metric that sets a boundary for overall losses from health hazards and allows an understanding of the relative importance of health problems in livestock, was used as the metric in which the concepts and data needs for the AMU and AMR assessment were anchored. The proposed framework identifies pathways for losses and data inputs needed to estimate the burden of AMU and AMR within this wider envelope of losses. These include information on health expenditure and mortality and morbidity effects related to AMR in livestock.</div><div>This work highlights the need for improved health and production data collection in livestock production as an essential stepping stone to accurately producing AMU and AMR burden estimates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19577,"journal":{"name":"One Health","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100917"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UK mosquitoes are competent to transmit Usutu virus at native temperatures","authors":"Jack Pilgrim ,&nbsp;Soeren Metelmann ,&nbsp;Emma Widlake ,&nbsp;Nicola Seechurn ,&nbsp;Alexander Vaux ,&nbsp;Karen L. Mansfield ,&nbsp;Jola Tanianis-Hughes ,&nbsp;Ken Sherlock ,&nbsp;Nicholas Johnson ,&nbsp;Jolyon Medlock ,&nbsp;Matthew Baylis ,&nbsp;Marcus S.C. Blagrove","doi":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Usutu virus (USUV) is an emerging zoonotic virus transmitted primarily by <em>Culex</em> mosquitoes. Since its introduction into Europe from Africa during the late 20th century, it has caused mortality within populations of passerine birds and captive owls, and can on occasion lead to disease in humans. USUV was first detected in the UK in 2020 and has become endemic, having been detected in either birds and/or mosquitoes every subsequent year. Importantly, the vector competence of indigenous mosquitoes for the circulating UK (London) USUV strain at representative regional temperatures is still to be elucidated. This study assessed the vector competence of five field-collected mosquito species/biotypes, <em>Culex pipiens</em> biotype <em>molestus</em>, <em>Culex pipiens</em> biotype <em>pipiens</em>, <em>Culex torrentium</em>, <em>Culiseta annulata</em> and <em>Aedes detritus</em> for the London USUV strain, with infection rates (IR) and transmission rates (TR) evaluated between 7 and 28 days post-infection. Infection and transmission were observed in all species/biotypes aside from <em>Ae. detritus</em> and <em>Cx. torrentium</em>. For <em>Cx. pipiens</em> biotype <em>molestus</em>, transmission potential suggests these populations should be monitored further for their role in transmission to humans. Furthermore, both <em>Cx. pipiens</em> biotype <em>pipiens</em> and <em>Cs. annulata</em> were shown to be competent vectors at 19 °C indicating the potential for geographical spread of the virus to other UK regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19577,"journal":{"name":"One Health","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100916"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142446513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moving milk and shifting risk: A mixed methods assessment of food safety risks along informal dairy value chains in Kisumu, Kenya","authors":"Lilly Catherine Smith ,&nbsp;Andrew Stringer ,&nbsp;Kevin Omondi Owuor ,&nbsp;Bryson Alberto Ndenga ,&nbsp;Christabel Winter ,&nbsp;Keli Nicole Gerken","doi":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Animal sourced foods (ASF) are important for global food security and in mitigating the impact of undernutrition. Across Sub-Saharan Africa, demand and urbanization continue to increase, creating a greater divide between farm-level production and consumption. Food safety residues including antibiotics and aflatoxin residues often originate at the production site, and risk can shift as milk is transported. In 2022, milk samples (<em>n</em> = 190) were collected from eight milk vendors in Kisumu, Kenya and tested for betalactams and aflatoxins with cut off values of 300 parts per billion (ppb) and 200 parts per trillion (ppt), respectively. Data was collected on the origin and containers of each sample, and the eight vendors responded to an open-ended questionnaire regarding the structure and challenges in their milk business.</div><div>Aflatoxin residues were detected in 7 % (13/190) of samples with no samples (0/190) testing positive for antibiotic residues. Overall, 80 % samples were collected from metal transportation containers, and no milk containers &gt;20 l tested positive for aflatoxins. The origin location(s) of milk was not significantly associated with residues (<em>p</em> <em>=</em> <em>0.44</em>). Vendor questionnaire data were summarized into three themes: 1) Physical properties of milk are understood to influence quality, 2) Fluctuating availability of milk impacts profits and is the main influence on choice of supplier, and 3) Trust and rapport among value chain actors are key to mitigating business challenges.</div><div>Our results indicate that farm-level practices around antibiotic use is not posing a major milk safety risk to urban consumers. Use of large 50-l containers for transporting milk may be protective as risk of aflatoxin residues is diluted below key thresholds. We recommend supporting existing relationships and identifying drivers that build trust among informal value chain actors which could strengthen collaboration and allow actors to move towards a shared goal of reliable and safe milk available for urban consumers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19577,"journal":{"name":"One Health","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100914"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulation of tick-borne pathogens in wildlife of the Republic of Korea","authors":"Hye-ryung Byun ,&nbsp;Seong-Ryeong Ji ,&nbsp;Jun-Gu Kang ,&nbsp;Chang-Yong Choi ,&nbsp;Ki-Jeong Na ,&nbsp;Jong-Taek Kim ,&nbsp;Joon-Seok Chae","doi":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Habitat loss of wildlife and increased human activities in their habitat provide more opportunities for human-wild animal contact. These artificial environments influence humans by facilitating the transmission of tick-borne pathogens. Therefore, we aimed to detect and understand circulating tick-borne pathogens in the natural environment by analyzing blood and spleen samples of wild animals admitted to wildlife rescue centers in the Republic of Korea. In total, 376 samples were collected from 355 rescued wild animals immediately after their arrival or death. After DNA deoxyribonucleic acid and RNA extractions, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and nested PCR were conducted to detect target tick-borne pathogens. This study detected six positive samples of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), 146 <em>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</em>, 55 <em>Anaplasma bovis</em>, 19 <em>Rickettsia</em> spp., 45 <em>Borrelia theileri</em>, and 4 <em>Bartonella schoenbuchensis</em>. Among the positive samples, SFTSV was detected in one spleen sample from a Korean water deer, from which SFTSV was successfully isolated. After full genome sequencing, the L, M, and S segments all belonged to genotype B-3 and indicated 99.84 % ∼ 99.94 % similarity with SFTSV isolated from human serum. In conclusion, wild animals are potential reservoirs of tick-borne pathogens. Therefore, surveillance systems to prevent transmission among ticks, animals, and humans must be developed using the One Health concept.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19577,"journal":{"name":"One Health","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100913"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}