Hand Mathias Julien, N. Vivien, Tonfack Libert Brice, Taffouo Victor Désiré, Y. Emmanuel
Salinity stress occurs due to the accumulation of high levels of salts in soil, which ultimately leads to the impairment of plant growth and crop loss. Stress tolerance-inducing compounds have a remarkable ability to improve growth and minimize the effects of salinity stress without negatively affecting the environment by controlling the activities in plants. The pots were arranged in a complete randomized design with one plant per pot and four replicates per treatment and carried out in 2017 and 2018 to study the influence of four levels of NaCl (0, 50, 100 and 200 mM) on the antioxidant, ascorbic acid, organic and inorganic compounds of three pepper fruits cultivars (“Granada”, “Goliath” and “Nobili”) at mature stage. The results obtained showed that salinity decreased the mineral content, relative water content, and agro-morphological parameters of pepper fruit. This decrease was accompanied by a significant increase of Na, soluble proteins, proline content, fructose, glucose and antioxidants, including total phenolics and flavonoids, and reduced ascorbic acid and β-carotene content. However, a varietal difference response to salt stress was observed between the studied varieties. Indeed, the variety Granada is characterized by their vigour in absence as in the presence of salt. Under the studied salinity level there was an enhancement of health-promoting compounds (phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and soluble sugar) synthesis in pepper fruits, with significant changes in other quality parameters. “Granada” was more tolerant and stable in physiological, biochemical and agro-morphological traits suggesting that it could be grown in salt-affected soils.
{"title":"Nutrient Composition, Antioxidant Components and Ascorbic Acid Content Response of Pepper Fruit (Capsicum annuum L.) Cultivars Grown under Salt Stress","authors":"Hand Mathias Julien, N. Vivien, Tonfack Libert Brice, Taffouo Victor Désiré, Y. Emmanuel","doi":"10.4236/OALIB.1106830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OALIB.1106830","url":null,"abstract":"Salinity stress occurs due to the accumulation of high levels of salts in soil, which ultimately leads to the impairment of plant growth and crop loss. Stress tolerance-inducing compounds have a remarkable ability to improve growth and minimize the effects of salinity stress without negatively affecting the environment by controlling the activities in plants. The pots were arranged in a complete randomized design with one plant per pot and four replicates per treatment and carried out in 2017 and 2018 to study the influence of four levels of NaCl (0, 50, 100 and 200 mM) on the antioxidant, ascorbic acid, organic and inorganic compounds of three pepper fruits cultivars (“Granada”, “Goliath” and “Nobili”) at mature stage. The results obtained showed that salinity decreased the mineral content, relative water content, and agro-morphological parameters of pepper fruit. This decrease was accompanied by a significant increase of Na, soluble proteins, proline content, fructose, glucose and antioxidants, including total phenolics and flavonoids, and reduced ascorbic acid and β-carotene content. However, a varietal difference response to salt stress was observed between the studied varieties. Indeed, the variety Granada is characterized by their vigour in absence as in the presence of salt. Under the studied salinity level there was an enhancement of health-promoting compounds (phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and soluble sugar) synthesis in pepper fruits, with significant changes in other quality parameters. “Granada” was more tolerant and stable in physiological, biochemical and agro-morphological traits suggesting that it could be grown in salt-affected soils.","PeriodicalId":19593,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Library Journal","volume":"63 1","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83843085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aimed to describe how secondary teachers in rural arears integrate technology into education and also to gain an insight on their perception and attitudes towards the integration of technology into teaching and learning. This research used a qualitative case study research design, to describe secondary school teachers’ viewpoints. Convenient sampling method and Focus Group Discussion were used to collect data from twenty-four (24) teachers in Kandimi Circuit. The study stipulated that the most used technology is computer, because of its multi-functioning aspects. The study also found out that there were challenges such as lack of skills, ICT tools, cell phone usage stigma, just to mention a few. The study shows evidence that most teachers have the right attitudes and positive perceptions on the meaningful use of ICT in teaching and learning, therefore they must be encouraged in using ICT to embrace Namibian education sector. The study also indicated that the majority of teachers in school management have no positivity in integrating technology in teaching and they resist changes. Finally, there was a proposal for a proper ICT training that should be implemented by ICT Champions whom the government has to appoint. The study further established that there is a need to provide all schools with adequate internet access.
{"title":"Teachers’ Perceptions and Use of Information and Communication Technology in Teaching and Learning: Kadjimi Circuit, Kavango West, Namibia","authors":"Windhoek, Namibia","doi":"10.4236/OALIB.1107236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OALIB.1107236","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to describe how secondary teachers in rural arears integrate technology into education and also to gain an insight on their perception and attitudes towards the integration of technology into teaching and learning. This research used a qualitative case study research design, to describe secondary school teachers’ viewpoints. Convenient sampling method and Focus Group Discussion were used to collect data from twenty-four (24) teachers in Kandimi Circuit. The study stipulated that the most used technology is computer, because of its multi-functioning aspects. The study also found out that there were challenges such as lack of skills, ICT tools, cell phone usage stigma, just to mention a few. The study shows evidence that most teachers have the right attitudes and positive perceptions on the meaningful use of ICT in teaching and learning, therefore they must be encouraged in using ICT to embrace Namibian education sector. The study also indicated that the majority of teachers in school management have no positivity in integrating technology in teaching and they resist changes. Finally, there was a proposal for a proper ICT training that should be implemented by ICT Champions whom the government has to appoint. The study further established that there is a need to provide all schools with adequate internet access.","PeriodicalId":19593,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Library Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77245026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper 2D discrete time dynamical system is presented. The fixed points were found. The stability of fixed points is measured by characteristic roots, jury criteria, Lyapunov function. All show that the system is unstable, and analyzing the dynamic behavior of the system finds bifurcation diagrams at the bifurcation parameter. Newton’s Raphson numerical method was used the roots of the system with the minimum error. Then, chaoticity is measured by the phase space; maximum Lyapunov exponent is obtain as (Lmax=2.394569); Lyapunov dimension is obtain as (DL=3.366413); binary test (0 - 1) is obtain as (k = 0.982). All show that the system is chaotic. Finally, the adaptive control was performed. Moreover, theoretical and graphical results of the system after control show the system is stable and Lyapunov exponent is obtained as: L1=-0.390000, L2=-0.500000, so the system is regular.
{"title":"Stability, Chaos Diagnose and Adaptive Control of Two Dimensional Discrete - Time Dynamical System","authors":"Maysoon M. Aziz, Omar M. Jihad","doi":"10.4236/OALIB.1107270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OALIB.1107270","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper 2D discrete time dynamical system is presented. The fixed points were found. The stability of fixed points is measured by characteristic roots, jury criteria, Lyapunov function. All show that the system is unstable, and analyzing the dynamic behavior of the system finds bifurcation diagrams at the bifurcation parameter. Newton’s Raphson numerical method was used the roots of the system with the minimum error. Then, chaoticity is measured by the phase space; maximum Lyapunov exponent is obtain as (Lmax=2.394569); Lyapunov dimension is obtain as (DL=3.366413); binary test (0 - 1) is obtain as (k = 0.982). All show that the system is chaotic. Finally, the adaptive control was performed. Moreover, theoretical and graphical results of the system after control show the system is stable and Lyapunov exponent is obtained as: L1=-0.390000, L2=-0.500000, so the system is regular.","PeriodicalId":19593,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Library Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88651843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This is a detailed experimental and comparative study evaluating the harmful effects of graded loud noise on hematological and antioxidant in Wistar albino rats. Wistar albino rats were divided into a control group (those kept away from the noise due to a generator set), groups 1 (exposed to varied, 85 - 105 db levels of loud noise from a generator) and groups 2 (exposed to less, 40 - 55 db levels of loud noise from generator set) and exposed to way off fumes from electrical generator sounds at different sound level for 8 hours each day for 28 days. The result indicated that activities and concentrations of the antioxidant enzymes: glutathione peroxidase, catalase and glutathione increased significantly (p < 0.05) when compared with the control group in group 1. There was also an increase in the concentrations of malondialdehyde and hematological parameters (RBC, WBC, PCV, hemoglobin, platelets) among the rats exposed to loud noise from a generator set in group 2, when compared to the control group.
{"title":"Comparative Studies on the Effects of High Sound Levels on the Haematological Parameters and Antioxidant Levels of Wistar Albino Rats","authors":"C. Nwuke, I. Bartholomew, Chibuike D Peter","doi":"10.4236/OALIB.1107185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OALIB.1107185","url":null,"abstract":"This is a detailed experimental and comparative study evaluating the harmful effects of graded loud noise on hematological and antioxidant in Wistar albino rats. Wistar albino rats were divided into a control group (those kept away from the noise due to a generator set), groups 1 (exposed to varied, 85 - 105 db levels of loud noise from a generator) and groups 2 (exposed to less, 40 - 55 db levels of loud noise from generator set) and exposed to way off fumes from electrical generator sounds at different sound level for 8 hours each day for 28 days. The result indicated that activities and concentrations of the antioxidant enzymes: glutathione peroxidase, catalase and glutathione increased significantly (p < 0.05) when compared with the control group in group 1. There was also an increase in the concentrations of malondialdehyde and hematological parameters (RBC, WBC, PCV, hemoglobin, platelets) among the rats exposed to loud noise from a generator set in group 2, when compared to the control group.","PeriodicalId":19593,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Library Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89079982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xin Y. Er, Iman D. Johan Arief, R. Shajahan, Faiz Johan Arief, Naganathan Pillai
The success in conservation and increase in number of nature reserves resulted in repopulation of wildlife across the country. Whereas areas which are not conserved experience deforestation and destruction of animal’s natural habitat. Both of these scenarios predispose mankind to the encounter of animals, some of which carry toxins and cause significant harm. This review dwells into the envenomation by organisms from the land and sea, excluding snakes which are discussed separately. Rapid recognition of the organism and rapid response may aid in further management and changes the prognosis of victims.
{"title":"Venomous Stings and Bites in the Tropics (Malaysia): Review (Non-Snake Related)","authors":"Xin Y. Er, Iman D. Johan Arief, R. Shajahan, Faiz Johan Arief, Naganathan Pillai","doi":"10.4236/OALIB.1107230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OALIB.1107230","url":null,"abstract":"The success in conservation and increase in number of nature reserves resulted in repopulation of wildlife across the country. Whereas areas which are not conserved experience deforestation and destruction of animal’s natural habitat. Both of these scenarios predispose mankind to the encounter of animals, some of which carry toxins and cause significant harm. This review dwells into the envenomation by organisms from the land and sea, excluding snakes which are discussed separately. Rapid recognition of the organism and rapid response may aid in further management and changes the prognosis of victims.","PeriodicalId":19593,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Library Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80767590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ireen Parvin, C. Mondal, S. Sultana, N. Sultana, F. Aminuzzaman
Alternaria solani causing early blight of tomato is a serious disease, causing 50% to 86% losses in fruit yield and 20% to 40% losses in seedling establishment. Pathological survey, etiology and physiological characterization of the causal organism are necessary to formulate effective management strategy. Therefore, present study was conducted to determine the incidence and severity of early leaf blight of tomato in some selected area of Bangladesh and to evaluate the effect of different culture media on radial mycelial growth and sporulation as well as the effect of pH and temperature on mycelial growth. Survey was conducted in five upazilas of Bogura district and typical early blight disease sample was collected from surveyed field and Germplasm Centre, Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna. Seven different culture media were used namely Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), Richard’s Agar (RA), Waskman Agar (WA), Corn meal Agar (CA), Asthana and Hawker’s Agar (AHA), Oat Meal Agar (OMA), V-8 Juice Agar Medium (VJAM) and seven different pH level such as 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5 and 8.0 were used and also exercised five distinct temperatures such as 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C and 40°C to appraise cultural characters, mycelial growth and sporulation of A. solani. Cultural characters such as colony color, colony diameter, growth margin, growth surface and margin topography showed distinguished variation in culture media. Among the seven different media V-8 Juice Agar Medium gave not only maximum mycelial growth (73.10 mm) but also highest sporulation (2000 spores ml?1). The optimum pH for maximum mycelial growth ranged to 5.5 - 6.5. But maximum mycelial growth (71.70 mm) was observed in pH 6. Whereas, the mycelial growth was favored by 20°C - 30°C temperature but 25°C temperature provided highest mycelial growth (72.20 mm). However, temperature above 40°C was found adverse for the growth of tested fungus.
{"title":"Pathological Survey on Early Leaf Blight of Tomato and In Vitro Effect of Culture Media, Temperature and pH on Growth and Sporulation of Alternaria solani","authors":"Ireen Parvin, C. Mondal, S. Sultana, N. Sultana, F. Aminuzzaman","doi":"10.4236/OALIB.1107219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OALIB.1107219","url":null,"abstract":"Alternaria solani causing early blight of tomato is a serious disease, causing 50% to 86% losses in fruit yield and 20% to 40% losses in seedling establishment. Pathological survey, etiology and physiological characterization of the causal organism are necessary to formulate effective management strategy. Therefore, present study was conducted to determine the incidence and severity of early leaf blight of tomato in some selected area of Bangladesh and to evaluate the effect of different culture media on radial mycelial growth and sporulation as well as the effect of pH and temperature on mycelial growth. Survey was conducted in five upazilas of Bogura district and typical early blight disease sample was collected from surveyed field and Germplasm Centre, Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna. Seven different culture media were used namely Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), Richard’s Agar (RA), Waskman Agar (WA), Corn meal Agar (CA), Asthana and Hawker’s Agar (AHA), Oat Meal Agar (OMA), V-8 Juice Agar Medium (VJAM) and seven different pH level such as 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5 and 8.0 were used and also exercised five distinct temperatures such as 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C and 40°C to appraise cultural characters, mycelial growth and sporulation of A. solani. Cultural characters such as colony color, colony diameter, growth margin, growth surface and margin topography showed distinguished variation in culture media. Among the seven different media V-8 Juice Agar Medium gave not only maximum mycelial growth (73.10 mm) but also highest sporulation (2000 spores ml?1). The optimum pH for maximum mycelial growth ranged to 5.5 - 6.5. But maximum mycelial growth (71.70 mm) was observed in pH 6. Whereas, the mycelial growth was favored by 20°C - 30°C temperature but 25°C temperature provided highest mycelial growth (72.20 mm). However, temperature above 40°C was found adverse for the growth of tested fungus.","PeriodicalId":19593,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Library Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85865500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Amarasekara, Hewawasam Bentotage Jayasiri, C. Amarasiri
Sri Lanka is an island nation, exhibiting remarkable biological diversity in spite of its small size; Country has rich ecosystem diversity because of its topographic and climatic heterogeneity as well as its coastal influence. The wetland ecosystems in Sri Lanka have been internationally recognized for their outstanding biological prosperity and their conservation status. Sri Lanka’s wetlands are also diverse, comprised of 103 major rivers and associated marshes, and about 12,000 irrigation tanks harboring wetland species including inland and coastal wetland ecosystems which are even coming under Ramsar Wetland Sites. One such coastal wetland ecosystem in Sri Lanka is Crow Island coastal ecosystem. The Crow Island Beach Park is a public park located in Colombo—15 (6°58'24.1"N, 79°52'09.9"E). The land extent of this park is 7 ha. The beach park consists of rich avifaunal diversity since it is a coastal wetland. Sri Lanka has been recognized as a country with “important Bird areas”, a “key Asian region for threatened birds” and an “Endemic Bird Area”. The main objective of the present study was to document the avifaunal diversity of the coastal wetland of the beach park. Multiple surveys were conducted through random visits in the area for a period of two months from July to August 2020. Their status was evaluated from the National Red List. Diurnal and nocturnal observations were made through the unaided eye and using a binocular via multiple random walks and point counting method. A total of 28 bird species were recorded belonging to 14 orders and 22 families representing 5.69% of the birds recorded in Sri Lanka (492). Of the reported bird families, nine families represented Order Passeriformes while four species of birds found in the park represented family Ardeidae. This park is not only significant for biodiversity conservation but also for its value as a coastal wetland. The local community of the area is constantly interacting with the area for their living and for leisure. Consequently, these habitats are threatened by irresponsible human activities, such as garbage dumping, noise pollution, lighting fires for garbage burning, clearing of natural vegetation in and around wetlands. However, detailed survey has to be carried out to study the abundance, seasonal variation to recommend the conservation and management measures.
{"title":"Avifaunal Diversity in Urban Coastal Wetland of Colombo Sri Lanka","authors":"E. Amarasekara, Hewawasam Bentotage Jayasiri, C. Amarasiri","doi":"10.4236/OALIB.1107256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OALIB.1107256","url":null,"abstract":"Sri Lanka is an island nation, exhibiting remarkable biological diversity in spite of its small size; Country has rich ecosystem diversity because of its topographic and climatic heterogeneity as well as its coastal influence. The wetland ecosystems in Sri Lanka have been internationally recognized for their outstanding biological prosperity and their conservation status. Sri Lanka’s wetlands are also diverse, comprised of 103 major rivers and associated marshes, and about 12,000 irrigation tanks harboring wetland species including inland and coastal wetland ecosystems which are even coming under Ramsar Wetland Sites. One such coastal wetland ecosystem in Sri Lanka is Crow Island coastal ecosystem. The Crow Island Beach Park is a public park located in Colombo—15 (6°58'24.1\"N, 79°52'09.9\"E). The land extent of this park is 7 ha. The beach park consists of rich avifaunal diversity since it is a coastal wetland. Sri Lanka has been recognized as a country with “important Bird areas”, a “key Asian region for threatened birds” and an “Endemic Bird Area”. The main objective of the present study was to document the avifaunal diversity of the coastal wetland of the beach park. Multiple surveys were conducted through random visits in the area for a period of two months from July to August 2020. Their status was evaluated from the National Red List. Diurnal and nocturnal observations were made through the unaided eye and using a binocular via multiple random walks and point counting method. A total of 28 bird species were recorded belonging to 14 orders and 22 families representing 5.69% of the birds recorded in Sri Lanka (492). Of the reported bird families, nine families represented Order Passeriformes while four species of birds found in the park represented family Ardeidae. This park is not only significant for biodiversity conservation but also for its value as a coastal wetland. The local community of the area is constantly interacting with the area for their living and for leisure. Consequently, these habitats are threatened by irresponsible human activities, such as garbage dumping, noise pollution, lighting fires for garbage burning, clearing of natural vegetation in and around wetlands. However, detailed survey has to be carried out to study the abundance, seasonal variation to recommend the conservation and management measures.","PeriodicalId":19593,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Library Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86483400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Valentin Kabambi Bukasa, Jean Paul Mbikayi Muya, Jeanne Beatrice Kaseka Cisuaka, John Willy Mpiana Baloji, Aldrin Mays Luiyanga Bin Dikuyi, Chris Kabanga Mukanya, K. Kalala, Jean Pierre Kambala Mukendi, Jean Pierre Kufua Katukumbanyi, Etienne Tshibanda Tshibanda, Emmanuel Mpetemba Mubala, Jean Christophe Bukasa Tshilonda
Introduction: The goal of this work is to understand the experience on the respect of the standards of registration of the learners in first nurse with the prefects in order to make proposals for the improvement of conditions of registration in relation to the prescribed standards. Method: The study is qualitative. The method used in this study was phenomenological. The data were collected cross-sectionally using a recording device. This data collection concerned 8 prefects of nursing schools in the town of Mbujimayi. The sample was of the reasoned type. Results: Regarding the experience of the prefects on the registration conditions for most school heads: 1) We often check the authenticity of the school piece and then certain mentions such as: a) The application; b) Driving. 2) They are finally organizing the entrance exam. In relation to their expectations, the Heads of establishment want: a) That the age limit for admission be respected; b) That actual minimum and maximum not be taken into account. Conclusion: Because the experience of the prefects on the conditions of registration is based on the verification of the application and the conduct to certify the authenticity of the school piece and their expectations would be that the age limit for admission is respected and that the minimum and maximum numbers are not taken into account, the head of the establishment must bear in mind that he is “the only person responsible for registrations”. Alone, he admits or refuses the learners presented to him. It remains true that the last word comes back to him.
{"title":"Experience and Expectations of Prefects on Compliance with Registration Standards for First-Year Learners of Nursing Schools in the City of Mbujimayi/DRC","authors":"Valentin Kabambi Bukasa, Jean Paul Mbikayi Muya, Jeanne Beatrice Kaseka Cisuaka, John Willy Mpiana Baloji, Aldrin Mays Luiyanga Bin Dikuyi, Chris Kabanga Mukanya, K. Kalala, Jean Pierre Kambala Mukendi, Jean Pierre Kufua Katukumbanyi, Etienne Tshibanda Tshibanda, Emmanuel Mpetemba Mubala, Jean Christophe Bukasa Tshilonda","doi":"10.4236/OALIB.1107168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OALIB.1107168","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The goal of this work is to understand the experience on the respect of the standards of registration of the learners in first nurse with the prefects in order to make proposals for the improvement of conditions of registration in relation to the prescribed standards. Method: The study is qualitative. The method used in this study was phenomenological. The data were collected cross-sectionally using a recording device. This data collection concerned 8 prefects of nursing schools in the town of Mbujimayi. The sample was of the reasoned type. Results: Regarding the experience of the prefects on the registration conditions for most school heads: 1) We often check the authenticity of the school piece and then certain mentions such as: a) The application; b) Driving. 2) They are finally organizing the entrance exam. In relation to their expectations, the Heads of establishment want: a) That the age limit for admission be respected; b) That actual minimum and maximum not be taken into account. Conclusion: Because the experience of the prefects on the conditions of registration is based on the verification of the application and the conduct to certify the authenticity of the school piece and their expectations would be that the age limit for admission is respected and that the minimum and maximum numbers are not taken into account, the head of the establishment must bear in mind that he is “the only person responsible for registrations”. Alone, he admits or refuses the learners presented to him. It remains true that the last word comes back to him.","PeriodicalId":19593,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Library Journal","volume":"263 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74998107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study described the Case of the Organization and Management of Bongabon Market Vendors Multi-Purpose Cooperative (BMVMPC). Specifically, it looked into the problems encountered of the Bongabon Market Vendor and analyzed how four Functions of Management contributes the problem of the Cooperative Market Vendor. This study used the descriptive-evaluative method and total enumeration for its sampling procedure. As to its findings, to ensure the respondents’ profitability and longevity, they “always” practice Four Functions of Management in the Bongabon Market Vendor Multi- Purpose Cooperative. Planning ranked number one among the four functions of management wherein Controlling ranked last. Based on the result, Planning ranked as number 1 in the assessment of the respondents based on Four Functions of Management. This means that a Cooperative business performs best if the connectivity of all the variables of a business works successfully and efficiently against its members. This study also revealed different problems of the respondents in different aspects of its operation. More so, based on the problems encountered by the respondents, the researchers categorized all the problems and based on the results, they found out that the number one problem of the Cooperative Market Vendor was Time Management.
{"title":"A Case Study of the Organization and Management of Bongabon Market Vendors Multi-Purpose Cooperative","authors":"Fhrizz S. De Jesus, Cleah F. Dela Cruz","doi":"10.4236/OALIB.1107204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OALIB.1107204","url":null,"abstract":"This study described the Case of the Organization and Management of Bongabon Market Vendors Multi-Purpose Cooperative (BMVMPC). Specifically, it looked into the problems encountered of the Bongabon Market Vendor and analyzed how four Functions of Management contributes the problem of the Cooperative Market Vendor. This study used the descriptive-evaluative method and total enumeration for its sampling procedure. As to its findings, to ensure the respondents’ profitability and longevity, they “always” practice Four Functions of Management in the Bongabon Market Vendor Multi- Purpose Cooperative. Planning ranked number one among the four functions of management wherein Controlling ranked last. Based on the result, Planning ranked as number 1 in the assessment of the respondents based on Four Functions of Management. This means that a Cooperative business performs best if the connectivity of all the variables of a business works successfully and efficiently against its members. This study also revealed different problems of the respondents in different aspects of its operation. More so, based on the problems encountered by the respondents, the researchers categorized all the problems and based on the results, they found out that the number one problem of the Cooperative Market Vendor was Time Management.","PeriodicalId":19593,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Library Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75106048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Construction dispute must be properly managed or else it will mar projects success by its negative impacts. The challenge in managing construction dispute aggravates by virtue of the diversity in the background of people who come together to deliver projects during procurement process. People could have distinct personality traits which come to bare in the course of interactions. While some traits in individuals enhance dispute management, others complicate and prolong the dispute management process. Of recent, it has been found that dispute increasingly takes longer time to resolve. One area that can bring improvement is a proactive approach in dispute management. The knowledge of the dominant traits among construction disputants will enhance proactive management. The purpose of this research therefore is to enhance proactive dispute management by determining the dominant personality traits in construction teams that could explain difficulty in dispute management. Seven personality traits were identified and a questionnaire administered through stratified random sampling process among clients, consultants and contractors teams. The research computed the mean values and used t distribution to test the level of significance of identified traits among—the client, consultants and contraction teams. The results of the analyses found that there are distinct traits among the teams. Clients are dominating during dispute, the consultants are obliging and integrating, while contractors avoid dispute situations. The clients and contractors’ traits are unhealthy to dispute management. However, all parties are found to have a common tendency to compromise during dispute situation. Knowledge of this will enable better planning as well as strategies developed for enhanced dispute management. In dispute management, strategy should focus on aspects that can cause a compromising stance among disputants while putting into cognizance the unique traits, characteristics or behavior of each team during dispute. Research should avail those aspects that add value to quick compromise among stakeholders during construction dispute.
{"title":"Determining the Dominant Personality Traits of Construction Teams for Proactive Dispute Management","authors":"Mabaruka Danja, Yusuf Joe Gandu, A. Muhammed","doi":"10.4236/OALIB.1107162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OALIB.1107162","url":null,"abstract":"Construction dispute must be properly managed or else it will mar projects success by its negative impacts. The challenge in managing construction dispute aggravates by virtue of the diversity in the background of people who come together to deliver projects during procurement process. People could have distinct personality traits which come to bare in the course of interactions. While some traits in individuals enhance dispute management, others complicate and prolong the dispute management process. Of recent, it has been found that dispute increasingly takes longer time to resolve. One area that can bring improvement is a proactive approach in dispute management. The knowledge of the dominant traits among construction disputants will enhance proactive management. The purpose of this research therefore is to enhance proactive dispute management by determining the dominant personality traits in construction teams that could explain difficulty in dispute management. Seven personality traits were identified and a questionnaire administered through stratified random sampling process among clients, consultants and contractors teams. The research computed the mean values and used t distribution to test the level of significance of identified traits among—the client, consultants and contraction teams. The results of the analyses found that there are distinct traits among the teams. Clients are dominating during dispute, the consultants are obliging and integrating, while contractors avoid dispute situations. The clients and contractors’ traits are unhealthy to dispute management. However, all parties are found to have a common tendency to compromise during dispute situation. Knowledge of this will enable better planning as well as strategies developed for enhanced dispute management. In dispute management, strategy should focus on aspects that can cause a compromising stance among disputants while putting into cognizance the unique traits, characteristics or behavior of each team during dispute. Research should avail those aspects that add value to quick compromise among stakeholders during construction dispute.","PeriodicalId":19593,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Library Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80094405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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