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Very-long-chain ceramide synthases and PIF4-mediated auxin signaling act together to modulate thermomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis. 超长链神经酰胺合成酶和pif4介导的生长素信号共同调节拟南芥的热形态发生。
IF 9.3 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70137
He-Nan Bao, Yong-Kang Li, Yu-Meng Zhang, Yi Chen, Li-Qun Huang, Jian Li, Chang Yang, Ding-Kang Chen, Hong-Yun Zeng, Nan Yao

Sphingolipids, including ceramides, are structural membrane lipids that function in membrane trafficking and cell polarity. Very-long-chain (VLC) ceramide synthases are essential for plant growth and development, but how VLC ceramide synthases affect developmental programs and their exact roles in plant growth remain unclear. Here, we report that two VLC ceramide synthases, LONGEVITY ASSURANCE GENE ONE HOMOLOG 1 (LOH1) and LOH3, link sphingolipid metabolism and thermomorphogenesis, that is, plant morphogenesis in response to higher temperatures. We found that high ambient temperature (28°C) induced an increase in plant VLC ceramide contents, and defects in LOH1 or LOH3 function inhibited hypocotyl elongation at this temperature. PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4) potentiates the thermal sensitivity of hypocotyl morphogenesis in a LOH1- and LOH3-dependent manner, directly binding to the LOH1 and LOH3 promoters to enhance their expression. Strikingly, LOH1 and LOH3 also enhance PIF4-dependent transcriptional activation of downstream genes, including PIF4 itself, LOH1, and LOH3. Our study reveals a regulatory mechanism in which PIF4 activates the transcription of LOH1 and LOH3; in turn, LOH1 and LOH3 enhance PIF4 signaling by supporting PIF4-mediated transcriptional responses, thereby controlling plant growth in response to temperature.

鞘脂,包括神经酰胺,是结构膜脂,在膜运输和细胞极性中起作用。甚长链(VLC)神经酰胺合成酶是植物生长发育所必需的,但VLC神经酰胺合成酶如何影响植物发育程序及其在植物生长中的确切作用尚不清楚。在这里,我们报道了两个VLC神经酰胺合成酶,长寿保证基因1同源1 (LOH1)和LOH3,连接鞘脂代谢和温度形态发生,即植物在高温下的形态发生。我们发现高环境温度(28℃)诱导植物VLC神经酰胺含量增加,LOH1或LOH3功能缺陷在该温度下抑制下胚轴伸长。PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4)以LOH1-和LOH3依赖的方式增强下胚轴形态发生的热敏性,直接结合LOH1和LOH3启动子以增强其表达。引人注目的是,LOH1和LOH3也增强了PIF4依赖的下游基因的转录激活,包括PIF4本身、LOH1和LOH3。我们的研究揭示了PIF4激活LOH1和LOH3转录的调控机制;反过来,LOH1和LOH3通过支持PIF4介导的转录反应来增强PIF4信号,从而控制植物对温度的响应。
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引用次数: 0
Heterogeneity of iridoid biosynthesis in catmints: Molecular background in a phylogenetic context. 薄荷中环烯醚萜生物合成的异质性:系统发育背景下的分子背景。
IF 9.3 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70125
Tijana Banjanac, Milica Milutinović, Dragana Matekalo, Neda Popović, Luka Petrović, Uroš Gašić, Marijana Skorić, Branislav Šiler, Tamara Lukić, Ana Stupar, Slavica Dmitrović, Jasmina Nestorović Živković, Biljana Filipović, Jelena Božunović, Miloš Todorović, Danijela Mišić

Numerous members of the Nepeta genus (family Lamiaceae, subfamily Nepetoideae) are medicinal herbs and sources of important bioactive compounds. Most Nepeta species produce iridoids, which are monoterpenoids that deter herbivores and pathogens and are potential biopesticides. In Nepeta, some species produce iridoid aglycones and glycosylated iridoids (referred to as chemotype A), some produce only glycosylated iridoids (chemotype B), and some produce neither iridoid aglycones nor glycosylated iridoids (chemotype C). Here, we show that the observed diversity in iridoids is, at least partially, attributed to evolutionary gains and losses of key biosynthetic genes. Based on reconstructed phylogenetic relationships, we propose a scenario in which partial or complete loss of the ability to synthesize iridoids with specific stereochemistries in the taxa with chemotypes B and C resulted from independent evolutionary events. These observations improve our understanding of metabolic diversity in the Nepeta genus and may inform efforts to produce specific iridoids in plants.

荆芥属的许多成员(荆芥科,荆芥亚科)是药用草药和重要的生物活性化合物的来源。大多数Nepeta种产生环烯醚萜,这是一种单萜类化合物,可以阻止食草动物和病原体,是潜在的生物农药。在Nepeta中,有些物种产生环烯醚酮苷元和糖基化环烯醚酮(称为A型),有些物种只产生糖基化环烯醚酮(化学型B),有些物种既不产生环烯醚酮苷元也不产生糖基化环烯醚酮(化学型C)。在这里,我们表明,在环烯醚萜中观察到的多样性,至少部分归因于关键生物合成基因的进化增益和损失。基于重建的系统发育关系,我们提出了一种情景,即在化学型为B和C的分类群中,由于独立的进化事件,部分或完全丧失了合成具有特定立体化学的环烯醚酮的能力。这些观察结果提高了我们对Nepeta属植物代谢多样性的理解,并可能为在植物中生产特定的环烯醚萜类化合物提供信息。
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引用次数: 0
The CsRAP2.12-CsERF113L/CsRAP2.7 module positively regulates chlorophyll degradation to impair saline-alkali tolerance in cucumber. CsRAP2.12-CsERF113L/CsRAP2.7模块正调控叶绿素降解,降低黄瓜耐盐碱能力。
IF 9.3 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70132
Junzheng Wang, Zhenglun Li, Zhimei Chen, Tao Liu, Yong Zhang, Zhen Kang, Xiangguang Meng, Hao Zheng, Jiaqi Pan, Songshen Hu, Guobin Li, Zheng Li, Xiaohui Hu

Soil salinization poses a global threat to agricultural productivity by degrading arable land. Preventing the rapid degradation of chlorophyll caused by saline-alkali stress is a crucial means to improve plant resistance and productivity. In this study, RNA sequencing identified CsPPH, a pheophytinase-encoding gene that functions as a negative regulator of both photosynthesis and saline-alkali tolerance in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Saline-alkali stress rapidly induces the expression of related to APETALA2 2.12 (CsRAP2.12). Subsequently, CsRAP2.12 activates the transcription of both ethylene response factor 113-like (CsERF113L) and CsRAP2.7, while CsERF113L further transcriptionally regulates CsRAP2.7. CsERF113L promotes chlorophyll degradation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation both through direct transcriptional upregulation of CsPPH, chlorophyll b reductase (CsNYC1), and chlorophyllase 2 (CsCLH2) and by indirectly stimulating ethylene synthesis via upregulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase 6/9/10 (CsACS6/9/10), thereby impairing photosynthesis and accelerating senescence. CsRAP2.7 indirectly promotes saline-alkali stress-induced chlorophyll degradation and photosynthetic inhibition by facilitating CsERF113L-mediated transcriptional activation of CsPPH, CsCLH2, and CsACS6/9/10. Therefore, knockout of either CsRAP2.12, CsERF113L, or CsRAP2.7 significantly alleviated chlorophyll degradation and enhanced photosynthetic performance under saline-alkali stress, ultimately improving antioxidant capacity and stress tolerance. These findings reveal that the CsRAP2.12-CsERF113L/CsRAP2.7 module promotes saline-alkali stress-induced chlorophyll degradation and photosynthetic inhibition via a dual regulatory mechanism. Genetic disruption of this module significantly improves cucumber tolerance to saline-alkali stress.

土壤盐碱化使可耕地退化,对全球农业生产力构成威胁。防止盐碱胁迫引起的叶绿素快速降解是提高植物抗逆性和生产力的重要手段。在这项研究中,RNA测序鉴定了CsPPH,这是一个叶绿素酶编码基因,在黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)的光合作用和耐盐碱性中起负调控作用。盐碱胁迫可快速诱导aptala2 2.12相关基因(CsRAP2.12)的表达。随后,CsRAP2.12激活乙烯反应因子113-like (CsERF113L)和CsRAP2.7的转录,而CsERF113L进一步转录调控CsRAP2.7。CsERF113L通过直接转录上调CsPPH、叶绿素b还原酶(CsNYC1)和叶绿素酰化酶2 (cclh2),以及通过上调1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸合成酶6/9/10 (CsACS6/9/10)间接刺激乙烯合成,促进叶绿素降解和活性氧(ROS)积累,从而损害光合作用,加速衰老。CsRAP2.7通过促进cserf113l介导的CsPPH、cclh2和CsACS6/9/10的转录激活,间接促进盐碱胁迫诱导的叶绿素降解和光合抑制。因此,敲除CsRAP2.12、CsERF113L或CsRAP2.7均可显著缓解盐碱胁迫下叶绿素降解,提高光合性能,最终提高抗氧化能力和抗逆性。综上所述,CsRAP2.12-CsERF113L/CsRAP2.7模块通过双重调控机制促进盐碱胁迫诱导的叶绿素降解和光合抑制。该模块的遗传破坏显著提高了黄瓜对盐碱胁迫的耐受性。
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引用次数: 0
SUMOylation in plants: A versatile post-translational mechanism responding to environmental stresses. 植物中的SUMOylation:一种响应环境胁迫的多功能翻译后机制。
IF 9.3 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70134
Danlu Han, Jieming Jiang, Zhibo Yu, Caijuan Wang, Cheng Zhang, Jianbin Lai, Chengwei Yang

Plants, as sessile organisms, continuously encounter challenges posed by fluctuating environmental conditions. To adapt to these stresses, they have developed dynamic regulatory mechanisms, including post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as SUMOylation. Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteins are covalently attached to target proteins, resulting in alterations to their stability, localization, activity, and interactions. Over the past two decades, SUMOylation has emerged as a critical regulator of responses to various abiotic and biotic stresses in plants. This review summarizes recent advancements in the roles of SUMOylation in response to temperature stress, drought conditions, salinity stress, and pathogen attacks. Furthermore, we discuss the mechanism by which SUMOylation functions as an essential molecular switch that balances developmental processes and stress responses, and provide a perspective on future investigations in this field. By integrating current knowledge with future perspectives, this summary and perspective will deepen our understanding of the roles of PTMs in plant stress responses and offer insights for improving crop yields and resistance.

植物作为一种无根生物,不断地面临着环境条件波动带来的挑战。为了适应这些压力,它们发展了动态调节机制,包括翻译后修饰(PTMs),如SUMOylation。小泛素样修饰物(SUMO)蛋白共价附着在靶蛋白上,导致其稳定性、定位、活性和相互作用的改变。在过去的二十年中,SUMOylation已成为植物对各种非生物和生物胁迫反应的关键调节因子。本文综述了SUMOylation在温度胁迫、干旱条件、盐度胁迫和病原体攻击中的作用的最新进展。此外,我们讨论了SUMOylation作为平衡发育过程和应激反应的重要分子开关的机制,并为该领域的未来研究提供了展望。通过整合现有的知识和未来的观点,这一总结和观点将加深我们对PTMs在植物胁迫反应中的作用的理解,并为提高作物产量和抗性提供见解。
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引用次数: 0
The auxin-CsHAT14 signaling cascade coordinates somatic embryogenesis in citrus. 生长素- cshat14信号级联协调柑橘体细胞胚胎发生。
IF 9.3 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70114
Peng-Bo Wang, Yao-Yuan Duan, Yong-Yu Tang, Ru-Meng Quan, Meng-Qi Feng, Jie Ren, Kai-Dong Xie, Wen-Wu Guo, Xiao-Meng Wu

Somatic embryogenesis (SE) enables somatic cells to develop directly into embryos. SE is a major approach of regeneration, but recalcitrance to SE has become one of the main obstacles to biotechnology-aided breeding, especially for perennial woody plants. Citrus is one of the most important fruit crops in the world, and glycerol has long been used to induce SE from the embryogenic callus (EC) of citrus. Recently, we reported that CsIAA4-mediated repression of auxin signaling plays a critical role in glycerol-induced citrus SE, but the downstream signaling cascade remains to be elucidated. In this study, the HD-Zip transcription factor CsHAT14 was identified as a key downstream regulator of auxin signaling in citrus SE. CsARF5 directly promoted CsHAT14 expression, which repressed SE through suppression of critical regeneration-related genes (CsDOF3.4 and CsWOX13) and the auxin efflux gene CsPILS5. CsIAA4 interacted with CsARF5, and this interaction attenuated CsARF5-mediated transcriptional activation of CsHAT14, thereby de-repressed CsHAT14- directly suppressed genes including CsDOF3.4, and thus promoted SE. Knockdown of CsDOF3.4 resulted in downregulation of cell cycle-related genes and impaired SE. Our findings established the CsIAA4-CsARF5 and CsHAT14-CsDOF3.4 modules-mediated auxin signaling cascade that coordinates citrus SE, which advanced our understanding of the mechanisms underlying SE and supported improvement of regeneration efficiency in citrus biotechnology applications.

体细胞胚胎发生(Somatic embrgenesis, SE)使体细胞直接发育成胚胎。SE是一种主要的再生途径,但对SE的抗拒已成为生物技术辅助育种的主要障碍之一,特别是对多年生木本植物。柑桔是世界上最重要的水果作物之一,长期以来一直采用甘油诱导柑桔胚性愈伤组织产生SE。最近,我们报道了csiaa4介导的生长素信号抑制在甘油诱导的柑橘SE中起关键作用,但下游信号级联仍有待阐明。在本研究中,HD-Zip转录因子CsHAT14被确定为柑橘SE中生长素信号传导的关键下游调节因子。CsARF5直接促进CsHAT14的表达,CsHAT14通过抑制再生相关关键基因(CsDOF3.4和CsWOX13)和生长素外泄基因CsPILS5来抑制SE。CsIAA4与CsARF5相互作用,这种相互作用减弱了CsARF5介导的CsHAT14的转录激活,从而去抑制CsHAT14-直接抑制包括CsDOF3.4在内的基因,从而促进SE。敲低CsDOF3.4导致细胞周期相关基因下调,SE受损。本研究建立了CsIAA4-CsARF5和CsHAT14-CsDOF3.4模块介导的柑橘SE的生长素信号级联,为进一步了解柑橘SE的机制提供了基础,并为柑橘生物技术应用中提高再生效率提供了支持。
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引用次数: 0
The VvPUB8-VvbHLH93-VvMYB15/VvMYB5a module inhibits the synthesis of anthocyanins in grape in response to MeJA. VvPUB8-VvbHLH93-VvMYB15/VvMYB5a模块抑制MeJA对葡萄花青素合成的影响。
IF 9.3 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70131
Xuelei Xu, Shuai Li, Jinren Wu, Xuheng Gou, Wanni Wang, Yang Dong, Wei Chen, Yulin Fang, Yanlun Ju

Anthocyanins are a critical component influencing the quality of grape. At varying concentrations, methyl jasmonate (MeJA) shows a concentration-dependent effect on the anthocyanin content in grapes. However, its molecular mechanism is unclear. In this study, we characterized an E3 ubiquitin ligase VvPUB8 that responds to MeJA and verified its negative regulation of grape anthocyanin synthesis through overexpression and mutant vectors' transformation of "Gamay" calli. Furthermore, VvPUB8 interacted directly with the transcription factor VvbHLH93, which can positively regulated anthocyanin synthesis by activating the promoters of VvMYB15 and VvMYB5a. The stability or activity of proteins regulated by ubiquitination largely depends on the type and number of the attached ubiquitin. Here, we showed that VvPUB8 facilitated K6- and K33-linked ubiquitination of VvbHLH93, thereby promoting VvbHLH93 degradation. Exogenous MeJA accelerated VvbHLH93 protein degradation and inhibited VvMYB15 promoter activation. Consequently, the synthesis of grape anthocyanins was suppressed. This study revealed that in response MeJA, VvPUB8 regulates VvbHLH93 stability through conjugation of distinct polyubiquitin chains, thereby modulating VvMYB15 and VvMYB5a promoter activity, thus inhibiting anthocyanin synthesis.

花青素是影响葡萄品质的重要成分。在不同浓度下,茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)对葡萄花青素含量的影响呈浓度依赖性。然而,其分子机制尚不清楚。本研究通过对“Gamay”愈伤组织的过表达和突变载体转化,鉴定了一种响应MeJA的E3泛素连接酶VvPUB8,并验证了其对葡萄花青素合成的负调控作用。此外,VvPUB8直接与转录因子VvbHLH93相互作用,通过激活VvMYB15和VvMYB5a的启动子,正调控花青素的合成。泛素化调节的蛋白质的稳定性或活性在很大程度上取决于附着的泛素的类型和数量。在这里,我们发现VvPUB8促进了K6-和k33连接的VvbHLH93的泛素化,从而促进了VvbHLH93的降解。外源MeJA加速了VvbHLH93蛋白的降解,抑制了VvMYB15启动子的激活。因此,葡萄花青素的合成受到抑制。本研究发现,在MeJA响应中,VvPUB8通过结合不同的多泛素链调控VvbHLH93的稳定性,从而调节VvMYB15和VvMYB5a启动子活性,从而抑制花青素的合成。
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引用次数: 0
Genome editing of medicinal plants: Advances, challenges, and prospects. 药用植物基因组编辑:进展、挑战和前景。
IF 9.3 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70110
Wenhua Chen, Yi Shi, Zongyou Lv, Wansheng Chen

Medicinal plants produce important pharmaceuticals, but these compounds are often present at low levels or only in specific tissues; in addition, many medicinal plants produce small amounts of biomass and are difficult to cultivate. Genome editing for agronomic traits and metabolic engineering holds promise for improving pharmaceutical production, and genome-editing applications in medicinal plants have expanded as genome-editing techniques have advanced. For example, genome editing has been used to regulate the production of phenolic acids and tanshinone metabolites of Salvia miltiorrhiza in medicinal plants. In this review, we synthesize the current knowledge on the development and applications of gene-editing tools in medicinal plants. Furthermore, we summarize the limitations of genome editing in these species and propose solutions for addressing these challenges to fully harness this technology for improving these important plants. We focus on novel technologies to enhance the regeneration rates of transgenic plants, artificial intelligence-assisted multiomics approaches for predicting editing efficiency, key components that optimize genome-editing efficacy, and the development of innovative gene-editing systems. Finally, we offer perspectives on advancing metabolic engineering strategies for medicinal plants.

药用植物产生重要的药物,但这些化合物通常含量很低或只存在于特定组织中;此外,许多药用植物产生的生物量很少,很难培育。针对农艺性状和代谢工程的基因组编辑有望改善药物生产,随着基因组编辑技术的进步,基因组编辑在药用植物中的应用已经扩大。例如,基因组编辑已被用于调节药用植物中丹参酚酸和丹参酮代谢物的产生。本文综述了基因编辑工具在药用植物中的开发和应用现状。此外,我们总结了基因组编辑在这些物种中的局限性,并提出了解决这些挑战的解决方案,以充分利用这项技术来改善这些重要的植物。我们专注于提高转基因植物再生率的新技术,用于预测编辑效率的人工智能辅助多组学方法,优化基因组编辑效率的关键组件,以及创新基因编辑系统的开发。最后,对药用植物代谢工程策略的发展进行了展望。
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引用次数: 0
Cover Image: 封面图片:
IF 9.3 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70123

Soybean is a vital source of vegetable oil, protein, feed, and industrial raw materials, yet its yield remains considerably lower than that of major cereal crops. Unlike rice and wheat, which rely heavily on nitrogen fertilizers to promote tillering and enhance productivity, soybean acquires over 70% of its nitrogen through symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Tang et al. (pages 75–95) report that knockout of the gibberellin receptor gene GmGID1-2 boosts both soybean yield and nitrogen fixation—a dual benefit not observed in the semi-dwarf mutants of cereals. The cover image illustrates a GmGID1-2 knockout soybean plant (right) that, despite its shorter stature, exhibits increased branching, more pods and seeds, and ultimately higher yield compared to the wild type (left), alongside a root system with more nodules and greater capacity to fix nitrogen. The pleiotropic benefits of GmGID1-2 knockout alleles suggest a promising strategy for advancing sustainable soybean agriculture.

大豆是植物油、蛋白质、饲料和工业原料的重要来源,但其产量仍远低于主要谷类作物。与水稻和小麦严重依赖氮肥来促进分蘖和提高生产力不同,大豆70%以上的氮是通过共生固氮获得的。Tang等人(第75-95页)报告说,敲除赤霉素受体基因GmGID1-2可以提高大豆产量和固氮能力——这是在谷物的半矮秆突变体中没有观察到的双重好处。封面图片展示了GmGID1-2基因敲除的大豆植株(右),尽管它的身材较矮,但与野生型(左)相比,它表现出更多的分枝、更多的豆荚和种子,最终产量更高,根系中有更多的根瘤和更大的固氮能力。GmGID1-2基因敲除等位基因的多效性为促进大豆农业的可持续发展提供了一个有希望的策略。
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引用次数: 0
Issue information page 发行信息页面
IF 9.3 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70124
{"title":"Issue information page","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/jipb.70124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jipb.70124","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrative Plant Biology","volume":"68 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jipb.70124","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145941713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Acknowledgements to Reviewers 审稿人致谢
IF 9.3 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.70129
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Integrative Plant Biology
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