Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.2
J. Diwan, Vanitha, Shreedhara D, V. Kulkarni, K. Mahantashivayogayya, V. Ghante
Genetic profiling of parental genotypes for fertility restoration is considered essential in hybrid rice technology. The traditional approach involves crossing and F1s evaluation to identify maintainer and restorer lines is cumbersome and time strategy than marker assisted selection (MAS) approach.Among various molecular markers, microsatellite markers are technically easy to use and less expensive and have extensively used for the characterization of parental lines in rice. A set of 7 SSR primers linked to rice fertility restoring genes were used for the amplification of fertility restoring alleles in 50 rice genotypes. Based on banding pattern of the 07 primers, polymorphic information content (PIC) of each primer was calculated which areranged from 0.1800 (RM 443) to 0.4928 (RM 3233 and RM 171). UPGMA and SAHN cluster analysis grouped all 50 genotypes into 15 clusters which showed a significant genetic variation among the genotypes. The single marker analysis was done with paired‘t’ test for unequal variances to find association between marker and the trait (fertility restoration). Results revealed that four out of seven SSR markers viz, RM1 and RM3233 (linked to Rf3), RM171 and RM1108 (linked to Rf4) exhibited a P-value of less than 0.05 which indicates a significant association between marker and the trait. Linked molecular markers viz., RM1, RM3233, RM171 and RM1108 can efficiently be used in identification of fertility restoring genes/alleles, facilitating the screening of rice germplasm for their fertility restoring ability. Moreover, identification of restorers through molecular markers would save time, and money adding accuracy in selection. The fully restorer lines identified in the present study can further be utilized in development of new commercial rice hybrids.
{"title":"Molecular analysis of rice genotypes for fertility restoration using microsatellite markers through single marker analysis","authors":"J. Diwan, Vanitha, Shreedhara D, V. Kulkarni, K. Mahantashivayogayya, V. Ghante","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic profiling of parental genotypes for fertility restoration is considered essential in hybrid rice technology. The traditional approach involves crossing and F1s evaluation to identify maintainer and restorer lines is cumbersome and time strategy than marker assisted selection (MAS) approach.Among various molecular markers, microsatellite markers are technically easy to use and less expensive and have extensively used for the characterization of parental lines in rice. A set of 7 SSR primers linked to rice fertility restoring genes were used for the amplification of fertility restoring alleles in 50 rice genotypes. Based on banding pattern of the 07 primers, polymorphic information content (PIC) of each primer was calculated which areranged from 0.1800 (RM 443) to 0.4928 (RM 3233 and RM 171). UPGMA and SAHN cluster analysis grouped all 50 genotypes into 15 clusters which showed a significant genetic variation among the genotypes. The single marker analysis was done with paired‘t’ test for unequal variances to find association between marker and the trait (fertility restoration). Results revealed that four out of seven SSR markers viz, RM1 and RM3233 (linked to Rf3), RM171 and RM1108 (linked to Rf4) exhibited a P-value of less than 0.05 which indicates a significant association between marker and the trait. Linked molecular markers viz., RM1, RM3233, RM171 and RM1108 can efficiently be used in identification of fertility restoring genes/alleles, facilitating the screening of rice germplasm for their fertility restoring ability. Moreover, identification of restorers through molecular markers would save time, and money adding accuracy in selection. The fully restorer lines identified in the present study can further be utilized in development of new commercial rice hybrids.","PeriodicalId":19618,"journal":{"name":"ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81421575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.9
K. Rayaguru, J. Pandey, UK Mishra, M. Mohapatra
Experiments were conducted to study the effect of degree of polishing (under polished, well polished and over polished) and aging (0 to 180 days, at an interval of 30 days) on quality aspects of Pusa basmati variety of aromatic rice. An attempt has been made to investigate the histological and cooking quality changes occurring in rice, when stored for a period of six months. The cooking quality attributes considered were volume expansion ratio, kernel elongation ratio, solids loss, insoluble amylose content, alkali digestion value, gel consistency and aroma. Effect of degree of polishing on cooking quality changes was significant up to 8% of degree of polishing. With the progress of aging period, the kernel elongation ratio (24%) and volume expansion ratio (22%) increased while there was a reduction in solids loss (55%), alkali digestion score (32%) and gel consistency values (21%). The hot water insoluble fraction of amylose was found to be increased (33%) in aged rice which could be correlated with the desirable changes in cooking properties. The improvement in the cooking properties was faster during the initial three to four months of aging, thereafter the properties changed at a reduced rate. The changes were reflected more in well polished rice than that in under polished rice. A degree of milling more than 8% (over polished) did not influence these results to a great extent. The study concluded that hot water insoluble amylose content may be a major determinant of cooked rice properties as the structural changes show the increased number of large granules indicating decreased solubility.
{"title":"Age related histological and cooking characteristics of rice","authors":"K. Rayaguru, J. Pandey, UK Mishra, M. Mohapatra","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.9","url":null,"abstract":"Experiments were conducted to study the effect of degree of polishing (under polished, well polished and over polished) and aging (0 to 180 days, at an interval of 30 days) on quality aspects of Pusa basmati variety of aromatic rice. An attempt has been made to investigate the histological and cooking quality changes occurring in rice, when stored for a period of six months. The cooking quality attributes considered were volume expansion ratio, kernel elongation ratio, solids loss, insoluble amylose content, alkali digestion value, gel consistency and aroma. Effect of degree of polishing on cooking quality changes was significant up to 8% of degree of polishing. With the progress of aging period, the kernel elongation ratio (24%) and volume expansion ratio (22%) increased while there was a reduction in solids loss (55%), alkali digestion score (32%) and gel consistency values (21%). The hot water insoluble fraction of amylose was found to be increased (33%) in aged rice which could be correlated with the desirable changes in cooking properties. The improvement in the cooking properties was faster during the initial three to four months of aging, thereafter the properties changed at a reduced rate. The changes were reflected more in well polished rice than that in under polished rice. A degree of milling more than 8% (over polished) did not influence these results to a great extent. The study concluded that hot water insoluble amylose content may be a major determinant of cooked rice properties as the structural changes show the increased number of large granules indicating decreased solubility.","PeriodicalId":19618,"journal":{"name":"ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78767808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.6
M. Wahane, T. Bedse, D. Jondhale, N. Khobragade, S. Dodake
A field experiment was conducted in a randomized block design at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Karjat during kharif 2016-2019 to study the effect of zinc on soil fertility, yield, nutrients uptake and biochemical properties of rice under Inceptisols. Results revealed that the grain (50.65 q ha-1) and straw (56.74 q ha-1) yield of rice was significantly improved with application of zinc in the form of zinc sulphate @ 15 kg ha-1 at the time of transplanting through soil application (T7) which was better than foliar spray and root dipping methods. Significantly highest values of DTPA-extractable Zn (0.45 mg kg-1) and SO4-S (32.40 kg ha-1) were registered in the treatment T8. The zinc supplied plots led to significant enhancement in total N (93.38 kg ha-1), P (15.55 kg ha-1), K (96.80 kg ha-1) and S (35.54 kg ha-1) uptake in the treatment T7 and Zn (183.40 g ha-1) in the treatment T8. The treatment T7 showed higher hulling (74.28%), milling (63.32%), gel consistency (81mm), alkali spreading value (4.0) as well as the head rice recovery (57.80%), protein (8.96%) and amylose (24.40%) content which was acceptable.Overall, Zn-fertilization assumes great significance in improving soil properties, productivity and quality of rice.
采用随机区组设计，于2016-2019年秋季在Karjat区域农业研究站进行田间试验，研究锌对水稻土壤肥力、产量、养分吸收和生化特性的影响。结果表明:移栽时土壤施用15 kg ha-1硫酸锌(T7)可显著提高水稻籽粒(50.65 q ha-1)和秸秆(56.74 q ha-1)产量，且效果优于叶面喷施和根系浸施。T8处理的dtpa可提取Zn (0.45 mg kg-1)和SO4-S (32.40 kg ha-1)含量最高。施锌处理显著提高了T7处理的总氮(93.38 kg ha-1)、磷(15.55 kg ha-1)、钾(96.80 kg ha-1)和硫(35.54 kg ha-1)吸收量，T8处理的锌(183.40 g ha-1)吸收量。T7处理稻谷脱壳率(74.28%)、碾磨率(63.32%)、凝胶稠度(81mm)、碱分布值(4.0)较高，稻穗回收率(57.80%)、蛋白质(8.96%)和直链淀粉(24.40%)含量均可接受。综上所述，施锌对改善土壤性质、水稻生产力和品质具有重要意义。
{"title":"Effect of zinc application on yield, nutrients uptake and biochemical properties of rice under Inceptisols","authors":"M. Wahane, T. Bedse, D. Jondhale, N. Khobragade, S. Dodake","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.6","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted in a randomized block design at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Karjat during kharif 2016-2019 to study the effect of zinc on soil fertility, yield, nutrients uptake and biochemical properties of rice under Inceptisols. Results revealed that the grain (50.65 q ha-1) and straw (56.74 q ha-1) yield of rice was significantly improved with application of zinc in the form of zinc sulphate @ 15 kg ha-1 at the time of transplanting through soil application (T7) which was better than foliar spray and root dipping methods. Significantly highest values of DTPA-extractable Zn (0.45 mg kg-1) and SO4-S (32.40 kg ha-1) were registered in the treatment T8. The zinc supplied plots led to significant enhancement in total N (93.38 kg ha-1), P (15.55 kg ha-1), K (96.80 kg ha-1) and S (35.54 kg ha-1) uptake in the treatment T7 and Zn (183.40 g ha-1) in the treatment T8. The treatment T7 showed higher hulling (74.28%), milling (63.32%), gel consistency (81mm), alkali spreading value (4.0) as well as the head rice recovery (57.80%), protein (8.96%) and amylose (24.40%) content which was acceptable.Overall, Zn-fertilization assumes great significance in improving soil properties, productivity and quality of rice.","PeriodicalId":19618,"journal":{"name":"ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82562949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rice is predominantly consumed as a whole grain. So, the grain quality of rice is of crucial importance to determine the market price. Present experiment was conducted at our R &D farm at Bolpur during last four consecutive years of 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021. Average value of four year’s study is considered here for comparative analysis of cooking quality and physico chemical properties of our own developed 9 Open Pollinated (OP) and 10 hybrids with 19 popular OP and 6 hybrid rice varieties. Correlation study reveals significant correlation between cooking characteristic and physical properties, indicating the core relationship of physico-chemical attributes with cooking quality of the rice grain. Results also suggested that among the GMS developed lines, GMS-165B (OP), GMS-H-2515 and GMS-H-2464 were found to be the best performer recording desirable results for both grain and cooking qualities. Similarly, some lines like GMS-737, GMS-664 A and GMS-H-2499 reported to have good grain characters but some weakness in case of cooking qualities. So these lines can be used for making rice based products. The overall cooking quality and physico-chemical attributes of some of our own developed rice varieties were relatively better and / or at par as compared to other popular varieties. Our hybrids also performed as good as popular OP varieties.
大米主要作为全谷物食用。因此，大米的籽粒质量对市场价格的决定至关重要。本实验是在2018年、2019年、2020年和2021年连续四年在我们位于博尔普尔的研发农场进行的。本文采用4年研究的平均值，对我国自产的9个开放授粉品种和10个杂交种(19个开放授粉品种和6个杂交品种)的蒸煮品质和理化特性进行了比较分析。相关研究表明，稻米蒸煮特性与物理特性之间存在显著的相关关系，说明稻米理化特性与蒸煮品质之间的核心关系。结果还表明，GMS株系中，GMS- 165b (OP)、GMS- h -2515和GMS- h -2464表现最好，籽粒品质和蒸煮品质均较好。同样，GMS-737、gms - 664a和GMS-H-2499等品系据报道具有良好的籽粒性状，但在烹饪品质方面存在一些弱点。所以这些生产线可以用来生产大米产品。我们自己开发的一些水稻品种的整体蒸煮品质和理化属性与其他流行品种相比相对较好或持平。我们的杂交品种也表现得与流行的OP品种一样好。
{"title":"Comparative analysis of cooking quality and physico chemical properties of some local checks and newly developed rice varieties","authors":"Moushree Sarkar, Moumita Chatterjee, Jyotirmoy Guha","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.8","url":null,"abstract":"Rice is predominantly consumed as a whole grain. So, the grain quality of rice is of crucial importance to determine the market price. Present experiment was conducted at our R &D farm at Bolpur during last four consecutive years of 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021. Average value of four year’s study is considered here for comparative analysis of cooking quality and physico chemical properties of our own developed 9 Open Pollinated (OP) and 10 hybrids with 19 popular OP and 6 hybrid rice varieties. Correlation study reveals significant correlation between cooking characteristic and physical properties, indicating the core relationship of physico-chemical attributes with cooking quality of the rice grain. Results also suggested that among the GMS developed lines, GMS-165B (OP), GMS-H-2515 and GMS-H-2464 were found to be the best performer recording desirable results for both grain and cooking qualities. Similarly, some lines like GMS-737, GMS-664 A and GMS-H-2499 reported to have good grain characters but some weakness in case of cooking qualities. So these lines can be used for making rice based products. The overall cooking quality and physico-chemical attributes of some of our own developed rice varieties were relatively better and / or at par as compared to other popular varieties. Our hybrids also performed as good as popular OP varieties.","PeriodicalId":19618,"journal":{"name":"ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice","volume":"290 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76824961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.10
S. Sawant, M. K. Mishra, S. Prabhukarthikeyan, A. K. Senapati, K. C. Samal
The Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) such as Bacillus spp. promotes plant growth directly or indirectly. The aim of this study was to isolate the Bacillus species from rice rhizosphere and characterize by biochemical methods. A total of 10 effective Bacillus spp. were identified using both classical and biochemical identification kit methods. The HiBacillusTM kit included a number of biochemical tests viz., citrate utilisation, malonate, voges proskauer’s, ONPG, nitrate reduction, catalase, arginine, sucrose, mannitol, glucose, arabinose and trehalose. The basis for the biochemical testing is the pH change and substrate utilization. The result interpretation chart was used to identify the native bacterial isolates. The classical tests including gram’s staining, KOH testing, starch hydrolysis, IAA generation, siderophore testing, HCN testing, and proteolytic activity were carried out. Biochemical test results confirmed that ten isolates were belongs to the genus Bacillus.
{"title":"Biochemical characterization of Bacillus species isolated from rice rhizosphere in Odisha","authors":"S. Sawant, M. K. Mishra, S. Prabhukarthikeyan, A. K. Senapati, K. C. Samal","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.10","url":null,"abstract":"The Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) such as Bacillus spp. promotes plant growth directly or indirectly. The aim of this study was to isolate the Bacillus species from rice rhizosphere and characterize by biochemical methods. A total of 10 effective Bacillus spp. were identified using both classical and biochemical identification kit methods. The HiBacillusTM kit included a number of biochemical tests viz., citrate utilisation, malonate, voges proskauer’s, ONPG, nitrate reduction, catalase, arginine, sucrose, mannitol, glucose, arabinose and trehalose. The basis for the biochemical testing is the pH change and substrate utilization. The result interpretation chart was used to identify the native bacterial isolates. The classical tests including gram’s staining, KOH testing, starch hydrolysis, IAA generation, siderophore testing, HCN testing, and proteolytic activity were carried out. Biochemical test results confirmed that ten isolates were belongs to the genus Bacillus.","PeriodicalId":19618,"journal":{"name":"ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87271829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.11
Prasann Kumar, Chethana Bs
Diseases damage to rice can seriously break productivity and with in short time destroys the crop. Screening of various groups of fungitoxicants in solo and in combination against major diseases of rice was carried out during summer and Kharif 2019. The pooled data revealed Fenoxanil 20% SC + Isoprothiolane 40% EC @ 2ml L-1 was effective in reducing the disease severity of leaf blast and neck blast by recording least percent disease index (PDI) of 13.33 and 12.22 with yield of 5099 kg ha-1as against 40.74 and 48.89 and yield 4034 kg ha-1 in control respectively. The combi fungitoxicants Azoxystrobin 25% SC + Hexaconazole 5% 16.25% SC @ 900 ml ha-1 and Kresoxim methyl 40% + Hexaconazole 8% WG @ 500 g ha-1 were effective against leaf blast, neck blast, sheath blight and sheath rot with PDI 9.25,10.40 13.33 and 17.77 respectively . The tank mix of Hexaconaxole 75% WG and Isoprothiolane 40% EC @ 66.7 g + 750 ml ha-1 was effective against leaf blast, neck blast, sheath blight and sheath rot with least PDI of 2.59, 6.33, 4.81 and 6.85 respectively. Kresoxim methyl 40% + Hexaconazole 8% in combination with Isoprothiolane 40% EC @ 500 g + 750 ml ha-1 recorded the reduced PDI of 4.81, 4.29, 11.85 and 11.11 for leaf blast, neck blast, sheath blight and sheath rot respectively .The fungitoxicants evaluated did not cause any phytotoxicity.
病害对水稻的危害可以严重破坏产量，并在短时间内破坏作物。在2019年夏季和哈里夫期间，对不同种类的抗真菌剂进行了单独和联合筛选，以防治水稻主要病害。结果表明，非诺昔尼20% SC +异丙硫烷40% EC @ 2ml L-1能有效降低叶瘟病和颈瘟病的发病严重程度，其病指数(PDI)最小，分别为13.33和12.22，产量为5099 kg ha-1，而对照分别为40.74和48.89，产量为4034 kg ha-1。组合杀菌剂Azoxystrobin 25% SC + Hexaconazole 5% 16.25% SC @ 900 ml ha-1和甲基克瑞辛40% + Hexaconazole 8% WG @ 500 g ha-1防治叶瘟、颈瘟、鞘枯病和鞘腐病的PDI分别为9.25、10.40、13.33和17.77。75%己康唑和40%异丙硫烷混合液(66.7 g + 750 ml ha-1)对叶瘟、颈瘟、鞘枯病和鞘腐病的防治效果最好，PDI分别为2.59、6.33、4.81和6.85。甲基噻呋辛40% +正康唑8%与异丙硫烷40% EC @ 500 g + 750 ml ha-1联合施用，对叶枯病、颈枯病、鞘枯病和鞘腐病的PDI分别降低了4.81、4.29、11.85和11.11，未产生任何植物毒性。
{"title":"Assessment of various fungitoxicants against major diseases of rice","authors":"Prasann Kumar, Chethana Bs","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.11","url":null,"abstract":"Diseases damage to rice can seriously break productivity and with in short time destroys the crop. Screening of various groups of fungitoxicants in solo and in combination against major diseases of rice was carried out during summer and Kharif 2019. The pooled data revealed Fenoxanil 20% SC + Isoprothiolane 40% EC @ 2ml L-1 was effective in reducing the disease severity of leaf blast and neck blast by recording least percent disease index (PDI) of 13.33 and 12.22 with yield of 5099 kg ha-1as against 40.74 and 48.89 and yield 4034 kg ha-1 in control respectively. The combi fungitoxicants Azoxystrobin 25% SC + Hexaconazole 5% 16.25% SC @ 900 ml ha-1 and Kresoxim methyl 40% + Hexaconazole 8% WG @ 500 g ha-1 were effective against leaf blast, neck blast, sheath blight and sheath rot with PDI 9.25,10.40 13.33 and 17.77 respectively . The tank mix of Hexaconaxole 75% WG and Isoprothiolane 40% EC @ 66.7 g + 750 ml ha-1 was effective against leaf blast, neck blast, sheath blight and sheath rot with least PDI of 2.59, 6.33, 4.81 and 6.85 respectively. Kresoxim methyl 40% + Hexaconazole 8% in combination with Isoprothiolane 40% EC @ 500 g + 750 ml ha-1 recorded the reduced PDI of 4.81, 4.29, 11.85 and 11.11 for leaf blast, neck blast, sheath blight and sheath rot respectively .The fungitoxicants evaluated did not cause any phytotoxicity.","PeriodicalId":19618,"journal":{"name":"ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85864337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.13
B. Mondal, J. Bisen, N. Jambhulkar, R. Tripathi
The study presents a profile of rice in India and classifies different rice producing states based on productivity into high, medium and low yielding states. State wise area, production and yield (APY) data for the year 2018-19 indicates the typical concentration of rice cultivation in the eastern and southern Indian states but lowest yield in eastern states. During 1950-51 to 2018-19, rice production witnesses an average growth of 2.45 per cent per year. The study projects the future demand and supply of rice for the year 2020, 2030, 2040 and 2050 based on historical data on APY; NSSO data on per capita consumption of rice and population forecasts of the United Nations (UN) for India. Projected estimates indicates that Indian rice production may attain about 160 million tonnes by the year 2030 and 259 million tonnes during 2050. Further, the supply-demand differences for future indicates that, India would retain surplus of about 62 million tonnes of rice by the year 2050 after meeting the consumption demand of 1.65 billion population. Further, on the policy issue on dipping rice area in the country, it was also assessed that had the rice area remains the same as in 2018-19, yield level need to be increased by about 1.83 t ha-1 and if rice area decreases by 15 per cent, incremental yield to fed the burgeoning population would be around 2.62 t ha-1 during the year 2050.
{"title":"Rice supply, demand and exportable surplus in India : Present vis-à-vis thirty years ahead","authors":"B. Mondal, J. Bisen, N. Jambhulkar, R. Tripathi","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.13","url":null,"abstract":"The study presents a profile of rice in India and classifies different rice producing states based on productivity into high, medium and low yielding states. State wise area, production and yield (APY) data for the year 2018-19 indicates the typical concentration of rice cultivation in the eastern and southern Indian states but lowest yield in eastern states. During 1950-51 to 2018-19, rice production witnesses an average growth of 2.45 per cent per year. The study projects the future demand and supply of rice for the year 2020, 2030, 2040 and 2050 based on historical data on APY; NSSO data on per capita consumption of rice and population forecasts of the United Nations (UN) for India. Projected estimates indicates that Indian rice production may attain about 160 million tonnes by the year 2030 and 259 million tonnes during 2050. Further, the supply-demand differences for future indicates that, India would retain surplus of about 62 million tonnes of rice by the year 2050 after meeting the consumption demand of 1.65 billion population. Further, on the policy issue on dipping rice area in the country, it was also assessed that had the rice area remains the same as in 2018-19, yield level need to be increased by about 1.83 t ha-1 and if rice area decreases by 15 per cent, incremental yield to fed the burgeoning population would be around 2.62 t ha-1 during the year 2050.","PeriodicalId":19618,"journal":{"name":"ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81041951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thirty accessions of long grain rice with grain length > 6.2mm including two checks viz., KNM 118 and IR 64 were evaluated to study variability, correlation and path analysis for yield and yield attributing traits. High range of variation, PCV and GCV were observed for number of effective tillers per plant, panicle weight, number of grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant and high heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for number of effective tillers per plant, plant height, panicle length, panicle weight, number of grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, kernel length, kernel L/B ratio, grain length, grain L/B ratio and grain yield per plant. Among all the entries tested KPS 6363 and KPS 3272 were found promising with higher grain yield per plant. Correlation analysis revealed that plant height, panicle weight, grain breadth exhibited a significant and positive association with grain yield per plant. Path analysis revealed that among quantitative traits number of effective tillers per plant, plant height, panicle weight and number of grains per panicle and quality traits kernel breadth, kernel L/B ratio, grain length and kernel L/B ratio had shown positive direct effect on grain yield per plant followed by kernel breadth, plant height, panicle weight, grain length and number of grains per panicle and these traits can be used as selection indices for development of high yielding rice varieties coupled with quality.
{"title":"Variability and association studies for yield and yield contributing traits in long grain rice (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"Sandhya Gudepu, Damodar Raju Chennamadhavuni, Sumalini Katragadda","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"Thirty accessions of long grain rice with grain length > 6.2mm including two checks viz., KNM 118 and IR 64 were evaluated to study variability, correlation and path analysis for yield and yield attributing traits. High range of variation, PCV and GCV were observed for number of effective tillers per plant, panicle weight, number of grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant and high heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for number of effective tillers per plant, plant height, panicle length, panicle weight, number of grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, kernel length, kernel L/B ratio, grain length, grain L/B ratio and grain yield per plant. Among all the entries tested KPS 6363 and KPS 3272 were found promising with higher grain yield per plant. Correlation analysis revealed that plant height, panicle weight, grain breadth exhibited a significant and positive association with grain yield per plant. Path analysis revealed that among quantitative traits number of effective tillers per plant, plant height, panicle weight and number of grains per panicle and quality traits kernel breadth, kernel L/B ratio, grain length and kernel L/B ratio had shown positive direct effect on grain yield per plant followed by kernel breadth, plant height, panicle weight, grain length and number of grains per panicle and these traits can be used as selection indices for development of high yielding rice varieties coupled with quality.","PeriodicalId":19618,"journal":{"name":"ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84491670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.4
K. G, R. M, Sundaram Rm, S. M., Beulah P, N. P., M. D, Reddy Vln, Kalyani Mb, S. P, S. P
Drought stress has become more important abiotic factor affecting rice yield under present changing climate conditions. IR58025B is a maintainer line of widely used WA CMS line IR58025A and widely used in commercial rice hybrids production in India. Most of the rice hybrids are released for the irrigated ecosystem consequently, these derived hybrids suffer drastic yield decline under moisture stress conditions. To facilitate the efficient use of complex polygenic traits in hybrid rice molecular breeding research, we undertook development of introgression lines in background of IR58025B with tolerance to moisture stress by introgression of major QTL qDTY3.1 controlling grain yield under moisture stress. The present study reports the development and evaluation of 230 introgression lines (BC2F2) lines in IR58025B background for improvement of grain yield under moisture stress condition. Among 230 ILs, 24 introgression lines were found positive for qDTY3.1 and negative for fertility restoration (rf4 & rf3).Promising BILs exhibited earliness of 7 days under moisture stress with grain yield advantage of 8.54g to 10.78g in comparison to the recurrent parent. This suggested that the efficacy of introgressed drought tolerant QTL qDTY3.1 in enhancing grain yield under moisture stress conditions. Further, breeding lines of IR58025B possessing qDTY3.1 could also serve as good donors for development of drought tolerant rice hybrids for unfavorable ecologies.
{"title":"Marker assisted backcross breeding to develop the drought tolerant version of IR58025B, a popular maintainer line of hybrid rice","authors":"K. G, R. M, Sundaram Rm, S. M., Beulah P, N. P., M. D, Reddy Vln, Kalyani Mb, S. P, S. P","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"Drought stress has become more important abiotic factor affecting rice yield under present changing climate conditions. IR58025B is a maintainer line of widely used WA CMS line IR58025A and widely used in commercial rice hybrids production in India. Most of the rice hybrids are released for the irrigated ecosystem consequently, these derived hybrids suffer drastic yield decline under moisture stress conditions. To facilitate the efficient use of complex polygenic traits in hybrid rice molecular breeding research, we undertook development of introgression lines in background of IR58025B with tolerance to moisture stress by introgression of major QTL qDTY3.1 controlling grain yield under moisture stress. The present study reports the development and evaluation of 230 introgression lines (BC2F2) lines in IR58025B background for improvement of grain yield under moisture stress condition. Among 230 ILs, 24 introgression lines were found positive for qDTY3.1 and negative for fertility restoration (rf4 & rf3).Promising BILs exhibited earliness of 7 days under moisture stress with grain yield advantage of 8.54g to 10.78g in comparison to the recurrent parent. This suggested that the efficacy of introgressed drought tolerant QTL qDTY3.1 in enhancing grain yield under moisture stress conditions. Further, breeding lines of IR58025B possessing qDTY3.1 could also serve as good donors for development of drought tolerant rice hybrids for unfavorable ecologies.","PeriodicalId":19618,"journal":{"name":"ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75245806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.7
K. K. Mohapatra, R. K. Patra, A. Nayak, R. Tripathi, K. N. Mishra, L. M. Garnayak, B. S. Rath, Anjani Kumar
Odisha is an agrarian state where 73% population dependent on farming and most of them are small and marginal farmer. Farmers of this state also vulnerable to different natural extreme events like flood, drought and cyclone. For sustainable crop production it is essential to develop a village level the soil fertility index (SFI) map at a higher resolution. A total of 192 gridded soil samples with a resolution of 0.5 km × 0.5 km were collected in Tangi Choudwar. The Soil organic carbon (SOC), available Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P), potassium (K), and micronutrient (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and B) maps were developed using spatial variability analysis. Then a complete soil fertility index map was developed using the Arc GIS software. In spatial variability analysis SOC and micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and B) content were higher in NE site of Tangi Choudwar block. The SFI value was range between 0.21 to 0.62 with higher SFI in reported at NE site. Person’s correlation of rice grain yield showed a positively correlation with SFI (0.44, P<0.05). These results showed that soil fertility index can be used in precision agriculture during crop planning and restoration of soil fertility of a region.
奥里萨邦是一个农业邦，73%的人口依赖农业，其中大多数是小农和边缘农民。这个州的农民也容易受到洪水、干旱和飓风等不同自然极端事件的影响。为了实现作物的可持续生产，有必要开发高分辨率的村级土壤肥力指数(SFI)图。在Tangi Choudwar共采集了192个网格化土壤样品，分辨率为0.5 km × 0.5 km。利用空间变异分析，建立了土壤有机碳(SOC)、速效氮(N)、速效磷(P)、速效钾(K)和微量元素(Fe、Cu、Mn、Zn和B)图谱。然后利用Arc GIS软件编制了完整的土壤肥力指数图。土壤有机碳和微量元素(Fe、Cu、Mn、Zn和B)含量均以东北地块高。SFI值在0.21 ~ 0.62之间，NE位点的SFI值较高。稻米产量的Person相关与SFI呈显著正相关(0.44,P<0.05)。结果表明，土壤肥力指标可用于精准农业作物规划和区域土壤肥力恢复。
{"title":"Soil fertility monitoring and mapping with a minimal set of data: A case study for rice paddies","authors":"K. K. Mohapatra, R. K. Patra, A. Nayak, R. Tripathi, K. N. Mishra, L. M. Garnayak, B. S. Rath, Anjani Kumar","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.7","url":null,"abstract":"Odisha is an agrarian state where 73% population dependent on farming and most of them are small and marginal farmer. Farmers of this state also vulnerable to different natural extreme events like flood, drought and cyclone. For sustainable crop production it is essential to develop a village level the soil fertility index (SFI) map at a higher resolution. A total of 192 gridded soil samples with a resolution of 0.5 km × 0.5 km were collected in Tangi Choudwar. The Soil organic carbon (SOC), available Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P), potassium (K), and micronutrient (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and B) maps were developed using spatial variability analysis. Then a complete soil fertility index map was developed using the Arc GIS software. In spatial variability analysis SOC and micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and B) content were higher in NE site of Tangi Choudwar block. The SFI value was range between 0.21 to 0.62 with higher SFI in reported at NE site. Person’s correlation of rice grain yield showed a positively correlation with SFI (0.44, P<0.05). These results showed that soil fertility index can be used in precision agriculture during crop planning and restoration of soil fertility of a region.","PeriodicalId":19618,"journal":{"name":"ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84324844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：