Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.15
Keerthi De, S. P, P. R, N. S, M. S, V. S
A field experiment was conducted at Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru College of Agriculture and Research Institute, Karaikal during October 2020 - January 2021 to investigate the effects of brown manuring on yield, yield attributes, nutrient availability, nutrient uptake and soil micro-flora in wet seeded rice. The experiment was carried out with ten treatments (T1 - rice with dhaincha 15 kg ha-1 + 2,4-D 0.5 kg ha-1, T2-rice with dhaincha 20 kg ha-1 + 2,4-D 0.5 kg ha-1, T3 - rice with dhaincha 25 kg ha-1 + 2,4 - D 0.5 kg ha-1, T4 - rice with dhaincha 15 kg ha-1 + bispyribac sodium 25 g ha-1, T5-rice with dhaincha 20 kg ha-1 + bispyribac sodium 25 g ha-1, T6-rice with dhaincha 25 kg ha-1 + bispyribac sodium 25 g ha-1,T7 - rice alone + 2,4 - D 0.5 kg ha-1, T8 - rice alone + bispyribac sodium 25 g ha-1, T9 - rice alone with hand weeding twice at 20 and 40 DAS, T10- unweeded control) replicated thrice in a randomized block design. The result from the study showed that the yield (4.82 t ha-1) and yield attributes of rice were significantly enhanced when co-cultured with dhaincha 25 kg ha-1 + 2,4-D or bispyribac sodium 25 g ha-1application was comparable with other brown manured treatments but superior than rice alone. Co-culturing with dhaincha 25 kg ha-1 with rice resulted in higher nutrient availability (208.9, 32.8, 231.6 kg N, P, K per hectare respectively), nutrient uptake (65.6, 16.4, 69.7 kg N, P, K per hectare respectively) by rice and soil microbial population at harvest (brown manuring either with 2,4-D or bispyribac sodium). Therefore, co-culture of brown manure involving a post-emergence herbicide was more competitive against weeds and the dead residue proved to be simulative to wet sown rice crop for boosting growth and yield.
2020年10月至2021年1月，在印度卡拉卡尔Pandit Jawaharlal尼赫鲁农业与研究所进行了田间试验，研究了褐肥对湿种水稻产量、产量属性、养分有效性、养分吸收和土壤微生物区系的影响。实验进行了十治疗(T1 -饭dhaincha 15公斤是+ 2,4 - D 0.5公斤农业,T2-rice dhaincha 20公斤是+ 2,4 - D 0.5公斤农业,T3 -饭dhaincha 25公斤是+ 2,4 - D 0.5公斤是T4 -饭dhaincha 15公斤农业+ bispyribac钠是25克、T5-rice dhaincha 20公斤农业+ bispyribac钠是25克、T6-rice dhaincha 25公斤农业+ bispyribac钠25 g是T7——大米+ 2,4 - D 0.5公斤农业,T8 -仅大米+ bispyribac钠是25克、在随机区组设计中，T9(水稻单独种植，在20日和40日进行两次手工除草，T10(未除草的对照)重复三次。结果表明，与茶茶25 kg ha-1 + 2,4- d或双嘧菌酯钠25 g ha-1共施可显著提高水稻产量(4.82 t ha-1)和产量性状，与其他褐肥处理相当，但优于水稻单独施用。25 kg ha-1与水稻共栽培，收获时水稻和土壤微生物种群的养分利用率(N、P、K分别为208.9、32.8、231.6 kg /公顷)和养分吸收量(N、P、K分别为65.6、16.4、69.7 kg /公顷)更高(施用2,4- d或双嘧菌酯钠)。因此，褐肥与出苗期除草剂共培养对杂草更具竞争力，死渣被证明对湿播水稻作物具有促进生长和产量的模拟作用。
{"title":"Effect of brown manuring practices on yield, nutrient dynamics and soil micro-flora in wet seeded rice in the coastal deltaic ecosystem","authors":"Keerthi De, S. P, P. R, N. S, M. S, V. S","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.15","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted at Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru College of Agriculture and Research Institute, Karaikal during October 2020 - January 2021 to investigate the effects of brown manuring on yield, yield attributes, nutrient availability, nutrient uptake and soil micro-flora in wet seeded rice. The experiment was carried out with ten treatments (T1 - rice with dhaincha 15 kg ha-1 + 2,4-D 0.5 kg ha-1, T2-rice with dhaincha 20 kg ha-1 + 2,4-D 0.5 kg ha-1, T3 - rice with dhaincha 25 kg ha-1 + 2,4 - D 0.5 kg ha-1, T4 - rice with dhaincha 15 kg ha-1 + bispyribac sodium 25 g ha-1, T5-rice with dhaincha 20 kg ha-1 + bispyribac sodium 25 g ha-1, T6-rice with dhaincha 25 kg ha-1 + bispyribac sodium 25 g ha-1,T7 - rice alone + 2,4 - D 0.5 kg ha-1, T8 - rice alone + bispyribac sodium 25 g ha-1, T9 - rice alone with hand weeding twice at 20 and 40 DAS, T10- unweeded control) replicated thrice in a randomized block design. The result from the study showed that the yield (4.82 t ha-1) and yield attributes of rice were significantly enhanced when co-cultured with dhaincha 25 kg ha-1 + 2,4-D or bispyribac sodium 25 g ha-1application was comparable with other brown manured treatments but superior than rice alone. Co-culturing with dhaincha 25 kg ha-1 with rice resulted in higher nutrient availability (208.9, 32.8, 231.6 kg N, P, K per hectare respectively), nutrient uptake (65.6, 16.4, 69.7 kg N, P, K per hectare respectively) by rice and soil microbial population at harvest (brown manuring either with 2,4-D or bispyribac sodium). Therefore, co-culture of brown manure involving a post-emergence herbicide was more competitive against weeds and the dead residue proved to be simulative to wet sown rice crop for boosting growth and yield.","PeriodicalId":19618,"journal":{"name":"ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78322458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.12
Sreedhar Siddi, D. Anil, R. A. Fiyaz
Recent predictions on climate change indicate that episodes of unseasonal rains, cold stress, and high temperatures are expected to impact rice production and productivity. To obtain consistent yield across diverse environments, a rice variety should have adaptability and stability to fit into various growing seasons and locations. In the present investigation, AMMI model was employed to assess the stability of nine rice genotypes of the early maturity group across two summer and rainy seasons. Combined analysis of variance expressed a significant genotype, environment and genotype × environment interaction for grain yield and days to 50% flowering. The study also suggested environmental effect as the greatest part of the variation, followed by genotypic and genotype × environment interaction effects for these traits. Biplots and statistics of AMMI identified that G1, G3 and G5 were the most stable and adapted high yielding rice genotypes, while G9, G4 and G6 appeared to be the most stable genotypes with earliness. Hence, these genotypes could be used as directly as varieties or as donors in future breeding programmes for improving rice productivity in the early maturity group after evaluation under multi-location trials.
{"title":"AMMI biplot analysis for stability in early maturity group of rice (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"Sreedhar Siddi, D. Anil, R. A. Fiyaz","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.12","url":null,"abstract":"Recent predictions on climate change indicate that episodes of unseasonal rains, cold stress, and high temperatures are expected to impact rice production and productivity. To obtain consistent yield across diverse environments, a rice variety should have adaptability and stability to fit into various growing seasons and locations. In the present investigation, AMMI model was employed to assess the stability of nine rice genotypes of the early maturity group across two summer and rainy seasons. Combined analysis of variance expressed a significant genotype, environment and genotype × environment interaction for grain yield and days to 50% flowering. The study also suggested environmental effect as the greatest part of the variation, followed by genotypic and genotype × environment interaction effects for these traits. Biplots and statistics of AMMI identified that G1, G3 and G5 were the most stable and adapted high yielding rice genotypes, while G9, G4 and G6 appeared to be the most stable genotypes with earliness. Hence, these genotypes could be used as directly as varieties or as donors in future breeding programmes for improving rice productivity in the early maturity group after evaluation under multi-location trials.","PeriodicalId":19618,"journal":{"name":"ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83649962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.1
B. Kiranmayee, K. Kemparaju, R. Sundaram, C. Damodar Raju, M. Balram, A. H. Hari Prasad, P. Senguttuvel, P. Revathi, K. Sruthi, C. Gireesh, M. Anantha, R. A. Fiyaz, P. Nagaraju, P. Beulah, Y. Manasa
Hybrid breeding technology is one of the most feasible options to meet the future food challenges and sustainable agriculture. Genetic diversity studies determine the inherent potential of a cross for heterosis and frequency of desirable recombinants. Optimum parental diversity is required to obtain superior cross combinations in the further generations. Hence, the present study was conducted with 100 maintainer lines of rice hybrids using eighty SSR markers, out of which 16 were found to be polymorphic and 10 were monomorphic. Molecular diversity analysis revealed a total of five clusters at a similarity coefficient 0.73. Sixteen out of 80 markers were found to be polymorphic. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 8 with an average per locus of 4.5. The PIC values varied widely among SSR loci tested and ranged from a minimum 0.37 (JGT725.2) to maximum 0.76 (RM12424) with an average of 0.61. The highest similarity was observed between TCP 1128 and TCP 1145 whereas the most diverse genotypes were TCP726 and TCP816. The most diverse genotypes could be used as parents in the hybridization experiments.
{"title":"Genetic diversity analysis of maintainer lines using SSR markers in rice (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"B. Kiranmayee, K. Kemparaju, R. Sundaram, C. Damodar Raju, M. Balram, A. H. Hari Prasad, P. Senguttuvel, P. Revathi, K. Sruthi, C. Gireesh, M. Anantha, R. A. Fiyaz, P. Nagaraju, P. Beulah, Y. Manasa","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid breeding technology is one of the most feasible options to meet the future food challenges and sustainable agriculture. Genetic diversity studies determine the inherent potential of a cross for heterosis and frequency of desirable recombinants. Optimum parental diversity is required to obtain superior cross combinations in the further generations. Hence, the present study was conducted with 100 maintainer lines of rice hybrids using eighty SSR markers, out of which 16 were found to be polymorphic and 10 were monomorphic. Molecular diversity analysis revealed a total of five clusters at a similarity coefficient 0.73. Sixteen out of 80 markers were found to be polymorphic. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 8 with an average per locus of 4.5. The PIC values varied widely among SSR loci tested and ranged from a minimum 0.37 (JGT725.2) to maximum 0.76 (RM12424) with an average of 0.61. The highest similarity was observed between TCP 1128 and TCP 1145 whereas the most diverse genotypes were TCP726 and TCP816. The most diverse genotypes could be used as parents in the hybridization experiments.","PeriodicalId":19618,"journal":{"name":"ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74173156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.14
C. Amoghavarsha, D. Pramesh, B. Nagaraj, M. Yadav, G. Naik, MK Naik, S. Alase, E. Chidanandappa, S. Huded, A. Raghunandana, SE Manjunath
Single spore isolation from a diseased sample is an essential step in obtaining a pure culture of a fungal pathogen. Rice blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is an inferior saprophytic competitor, and therefore, many fast-growing fungal or bacterial contaminants are predominant during its isolation. For isolation of M. oryzae, several methods are being followed; however, they are complex and often lead to contamination. In the present study, we have standardized an efficient method for rapid isolation of M. oryzae from the blast disease infected rice-leaf using single spore isolation by spore-drop technique. Following the spore-drop technique, pure culture for an isolate of M. oryzae was obtained quickly with the least contamination (4%), whereas the conventional spore-dilution and leaf-press method recorded 26.12 and 45.50% contamination, respectively. The spore-drop approach has yielded the single spore isolates in the shortest time (10 days) and can be used for regular rice blast pathogen isolation. This method can also be used for other sporulating pathogens successfully.
{"title":"A simplified spore-drop technique for rapid isolation of rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae from the infected rice leaf","authors":"C. Amoghavarsha, D. Pramesh, B. Nagaraj, M. Yadav, G. Naik, MK Naik, S. Alase, E. Chidanandappa, S. Huded, A. Raghunandana, SE Manjunath","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.4.14","url":null,"abstract":"Single spore isolation from a diseased sample is an essential step in obtaining a pure culture of a fungal pathogen. Rice blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is an inferior saprophytic competitor, and therefore, many fast-growing fungal or bacterial contaminants are predominant during its isolation. For isolation of M. oryzae, several methods are being followed; however, they are complex and often lead to contamination. In the present study, we have standardized an efficient method for rapid isolation of M. oryzae from the blast disease infected rice-leaf using single spore isolation by spore-drop technique. Following the spore-drop technique, pure culture for an isolate of M. oryzae was obtained quickly with the least contamination (4%), whereas the conventional spore-dilution and leaf-press method recorded 26.12 and 45.50% contamination, respectively. The spore-drop approach has yielded the single spore isolates in the shortest time (10 days) and can be used for regular rice blast pathogen isolation. This method can also be used for other sporulating pathogens successfully.","PeriodicalId":19618,"journal":{"name":"ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88371630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.7
R. Kr, G. S., Aruna Mb, VP Bansal
Early seedling vigour is an important trait in direct seeded rice which determines the growth and yield. It is a complex trait and is found to be associated with germination and seedling growth. The rice genotypes, BPT 5204 and PB 1850-27 were screened for early seedling vigour traits and the data was recorded on germination percentage, root length, shoot length, seedling length, seedling fresh weight and seedling dry weight. The seedling vigour index I and seedling vigour index II were calculated for both the genotypes. It was observed that seedling vigour index I and II was found higher in PB 1850-27 as compared to BPT 5204. The principal component analysis was done to study differential root and shoot growth rate in F1 plants with parents. It was observed that growth rate in F1 seedlings was found higher than both the parents. The root growth in F1 plants resemble BPT 5204 during initial days of germination, while shoot growth pattern exhibited similarity only with PB 1850-27. The F2 population exhibited segregation for mean root and shoot length.
{"title":"Influence of differential root and shoot growth rate on seedling vigour index in rice","authors":"R. Kr, G. S., Aruna Mb, VP Bansal","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"Early seedling vigour is an important trait in direct seeded rice which determines the growth and yield. It is a complex trait and is found to be associated with germination and seedling growth. The rice genotypes, BPT 5204 and PB 1850-27 were screened for early seedling vigour traits and the data was recorded on germination percentage, root length, shoot length, seedling length, seedling fresh weight and seedling dry weight. The seedling vigour index I and seedling vigour index II were calculated for both the genotypes. It was observed that seedling vigour index I and II was found higher in PB 1850-27 as compared to BPT 5204. The principal component analysis was done to study differential root and shoot growth rate in F1 plants with parents. It was observed that growth rate in F1 seedlings was found higher than both the parents. The root growth in F1 plants resemble BPT 5204 during initial days of germination, while shoot growth pattern exhibited similarity only with PB 1850-27. The F2 population exhibited segregation for mean root and shoot length.","PeriodicalId":19618,"journal":{"name":"ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86489562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.15
J. Berliner, SS Pokhare, K. S. Meena, B. Manimaran, S. Munda, T. Adak, L. Bose, B. Patra
Rice (Oryza sativa) is an important cereal crop and staple food for more than half of the world population. The sedentary endoparasitic nematode Meloidogyne graminicola is one of the major biotic stress factors that limit rice production globally irrespective of the agro-ecosystem. To tackle this, the host plant resistance is given prime importance due to global awareness towards ecologically stable and environmentally safe management options. However, the availability of resistant source within O. sativa against M. graminicola is limited and hence the search was extended to its wild relatives globally. In line with that, about 24 germplasms of different Oryza species collected from the gene bank of NRRI, Cuttack were evaluated against M. graminicola under artificial inoculation condition. Among them O. eichingeri and O. grandiglumis belonging to O. officinalis species complex and O. brachyantha were found to be resistant to M. graminicola with the lowest gall index (2.0-2.3 galls /root system). Oyza rufipogon, O. officinalis and O. alta were found tolerant to the nematode while all other species exhibited susceptible to highly susceptible reaction to the nematode. A more comprehensive study is necessary to shed light on the consistency of resistance within each Oryza species and also suggest the utilization of molecular tools to decipher the resistance mechanism govern in the reported accessions against rice root-knot nematode.
{"title":"Reaction of different Oryza species against rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola","authors":"J. Berliner, SS Pokhare, K. S. Meena, B. Manimaran, S. Munda, T. Adak, L. Bose, B. Patra","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.15","url":null,"abstract":"Rice (Oryza sativa) is an important cereal crop and staple food for more than half of the world population. The sedentary endoparasitic nematode Meloidogyne graminicola is one of the major biotic stress factors that limit rice production globally irrespective of the agro-ecosystem. To tackle this, the host plant resistance is given prime importance due to global awareness towards ecologically stable and environmentally safe management options. However, the availability of resistant source within O. sativa against M. graminicola is limited and hence the search was extended to its wild relatives globally. In line with that, about 24 germplasms of different Oryza species collected from the gene bank of NRRI, Cuttack were evaluated against M. graminicola under artificial inoculation condition. Among them O. eichingeri and O. grandiglumis belonging to O. officinalis species complex and O. brachyantha were found to be resistant to M. graminicola with the lowest gall index (2.0-2.3 galls /root system). Oyza rufipogon, O. officinalis and O. alta were found tolerant to the nematode while all other species exhibited susceptible to highly susceptible reaction to the nematode. A more comprehensive study is necessary to shed light on the consistency of resistance within each Oryza species and also suggest the utilization of molecular tools to decipher the resistance mechanism govern in the reported accessions against rice root-knot nematode.","PeriodicalId":19618,"journal":{"name":"ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75562813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.10
S. Thorat, RK Gangwar, M. Parmar, SG Patel, D. Prajapati, DJ Kacha
An experiment was conducted to identify efficient resistance source against leaf folder through field screening of rice genotypes during kharif 2016 and 2017 at Main Rice Research Station, AAU, Nawagam, Gujarat, India. Total of 18 and 16 rice genotypes were screened during kharif 2016 and 2017, following standard evaluation system (SES). The screening results showed that the minimum per cent damaged leaves were recorded in resistance check, W-1263 (13.88), whereas tested materials like CN-1231-11-7 (18.02), and MP-209 (18.64) were on par with resistant check followed by NWGR-13017 (23.64) during kharif 2016. Likewise, during 2017 screening results showed the NWGR-13017 rice genotype per cent damage score (15.75) was parallel with resistant check W-1263 (15.10). Hence, it is suggested that the genotype NWGR-13017 has exhibited promising resistance reaction against leaf folder in our experiment. Further to validate our results, genotype NWGR-13017 was tested in multiple location in India through AICRIP trial in 2017 and results showed that this genotype found promising in 7 out of 11 locations tested during kharif 2017. Therefore, this rice genotype NWGR-13017 (SK-20 x IET-19297) could serve as a viable source for development of resistant varieties against leaf folder.
在印度古吉拉特邦纳瓦加姆AAU主要水稻研究站，通过2016年和2017年收获季水稻基因型的田间筛选，确定了有效的叶折病抗性来源。根据标准评价系统(SES)，在2016年和2017年收获季共筛选了18个和16个水稻基因型。筛选结果表明，抗性检测中W-1263(13.88)的叶片受损率最低，而CN-1231-11-7(18.02)和MP-209(18.64)的叶片受损率与NWGR-13017(23.64)的叶片受损率相当。同样，在2017年的筛选结果中，NWGR-13017水稻基因型百分比损伤评分(15.75)与抗性对照W-1263(15.10)相当。因此，在本试验中，NWGR-13017基因型对叶折病菌表现出良好的抗性反应。为了进一步验证我们的结果，2017年通过AICRIP试验在印度多个地点对基因型NWGR-13017进行了测试，结果显示该基因型在2017年秋季测试的11个地点中的7个发现有希望。因此，该水稻基因型NWGR-13017 (SK-20 x IET-19297)可作为抗叶折病品种的有效来源。
{"title":"Identification of resistant rice genotype against leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee","authors":"S. Thorat, RK Gangwar, M. Parmar, SG Patel, D. Prajapati, DJ Kacha","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.10","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted to identify efficient resistance source against leaf folder through field screening of rice genotypes during kharif 2016 and 2017 at Main Rice Research Station, AAU, Nawagam, Gujarat, India. Total of 18 and 16 rice genotypes were screened during kharif 2016 and 2017, following standard evaluation system (SES). The screening results showed that the minimum per cent damaged leaves were recorded in resistance check, W-1263 (13.88), whereas tested materials like CN-1231-11-7 (18.02), and MP-209 (18.64) were on par with resistant check followed by NWGR-13017 (23.64) during kharif 2016. Likewise, during 2017 screening results showed the NWGR-13017 rice genotype per cent damage score (15.75) was parallel with resistant check W-1263 (15.10). Hence, it is suggested that the genotype NWGR-13017 has exhibited promising resistance reaction against leaf folder in our experiment. Further to validate our results, genotype NWGR-13017 was tested in multiple location in India through AICRIP trial in 2017 and results showed that this genotype found promising in 7 out of 11 locations tested during kharif 2017. Therefore, this rice genotype NWGR-13017 (SK-20 x IET-19297) could serve as a viable source for development of resistant varieties against leaf folder.","PeriodicalId":19618,"journal":{"name":"ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87608740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.4
Veena Vighneswaran, Deepa John, Shilpa Ks, Deepa Thomas, Sreelatha Ak
VTL-3 is a tall high yielding saline tolerant rice variety developed by Rice Research Station, Vyttila in 1987, which is having a tendency to lodge at maturity. Researchers hence, developed semi-tall lines of VTL-3 using induced mutagenesis. The selected semi-tall mutants were screened with markers linked to Saltol QTL and it was found that this region was not affected in the mutant. A promising line selected after comparative yield trials was later released as VTL 10, Lavanya in the year 2018. In order to differentiate the variety Lavanya from its parent VTL 3, SSR marker analysis and DNA fingerprinting was carried out. These two varieties were screened with 48 SSR markers for DNA fingerprinting and eight markers were found to be polymorphic between VTL-10 andVTL-3. The polymorphic markers include RM600, RM3362,RM279, RM7, RM85, RM149, RM144 and RM1880. The number of alleles ranged from 1 to 3 and the size of PCR products ranged from 110 to 300bp with Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) from 0 to 0.38. From the present study, it was observed that these eight markers can be used to distinguish the mutant line VTL-10 from its original parent VTL-3.
{"title":"SSR marker analysis and DNA fingerprinting of mutant rice variety VTL 10 (Lavanya)","authors":"Veena Vighneswaran, Deepa John, Shilpa Ks, Deepa Thomas, Sreelatha Ak","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"VTL-3 is a tall high yielding saline tolerant rice variety developed by Rice Research Station, Vyttila in 1987, which is having a tendency to lodge at maturity. Researchers hence, developed semi-tall lines of VTL-3 using induced mutagenesis. The selected semi-tall mutants were screened with markers linked to Saltol QTL and it was found that this region was not affected in the mutant. A promising line selected after comparative yield trials was later released as VTL 10, Lavanya in the year 2018. In order to differentiate the variety Lavanya from its parent VTL 3, SSR marker analysis and DNA fingerprinting was carried out. These two varieties were screened with 48 SSR markers for DNA fingerprinting and eight markers were found to be polymorphic between VTL-10 andVTL-3. The polymorphic markers include RM600, RM3362,RM279, RM7, RM85, RM149, RM144 and RM1880. The number of alleles ranged from 1 to 3 and the size of PCR products ranged from 110 to 300bp with Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) from 0 to 0.38. From the present study, it was observed that these eight markers can be used to distinguish the mutant line VTL-10 from its original parent VTL-3.","PeriodicalId":19618,"journal":{"name":"ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80869171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.2
Y. Kumar, S. Sinha, Saurav Kumar, S. Tomar, Mankesh Kumar, Amit Kumar, S. P. Singh
This study was undertaken to identify marker-trait associations for twelve yield related traits with a set of 48 rice genotypes. A total of 38 polymorphic SSR markers across the 12 chromosomes of rice were used for the association analysis. Marker-trait associations were performed using mixed linear model approach. A total of 84 significant marker-trait associations were detected at Pd £ 0.05 with the R2 values ranging from 6.71 to 27.24%. The most significant marker associations for days to 50% flowering on chromosome 12 with RM17, plant height on chromosome 4 with RM7051, panicle length on chromosome 7 with RM125, flag leaf length on chromosome 9 with RM219, flag leaf breadth on chromosome 10 with RM216, effective tiller per plant on chromosome 5 with RM164, total grains per panicle on chromosome 12 with RM28305, hundred grain weight on chromosome 1 with RM6324, grain yield per plant and grain length on chromosome 8 with RM8264, grain breadth on chromosome 7 with RM320 and grain length-breadth ratio on chromosome 1 with RM6324. The present study has revealed that the twenty-three markers showed association with more than one trait and correlated traits such as panicle length, total grains per panicle, hundred grain weight, grain yield per plant, grain length, grain breadth and grain length-breadth ratio were located in the same chromosome regions. These traits may be controlled by genes which have pleotropic effect. The result suggest that marker-trait association analysis is a fascinating tool to identify marker-trait association for complex traits using diverse rice genotypes. The SSR markers identified in this study would be useful in marker assisted selection for the improvement of yield related traits in rice.
{"title":"Marker - trait association analysis for yield related traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"Y. Kumar, S. Sinha, Saurav Kumar, S. Tomar, Mankesh Kumar, Amit Kumar, S. P. Singh","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"This study was undertaken to identify marker-trait associations for twelve yield related traits with a set of 48 rice genotypes. A total of 38 polymorphic SSR markers across the 12 chromosomes of rice were used for the association analysis. Marker-trait associations were performed using mixed linear model approach. A total of 84 significant marker-trait associations were detected at Pd £ 0.05 with the R2 values ranging from 6.71 to 27.24%. The most significant marker associations for days to 50% flowering on chromosome 12 with RM17, plant height on chromosome 4 with RM7051, panicle length on chromosome 7 with RM125, flag leaf length on chromosome 9 with RM219, flag leaf breadth on chromosome 10 with RM216, effective tiller per plant on chromosome 5 with RM164, total grains per panicle on chromosome 12 with RM28305, hundred grain weight on chromosome 1 with RM6324, grain yield per plant and grain length on chromosome 8 with RM8264, grain breadth on chromosome 7 with RM320 and grain length-breadth ratio on chromosome 1 with RM6324. The present study has revealed that the twenty-three markers showed association with more than one trait and correlated traits such as panicle length, total grains per panicle, hundred grain weight, grain yield per plant, grain length, grain breadth and grain length-breadth ratio were located in the same chromosome regions. These traits may be controlled by genes which have pleotropic effect. The result suggest that marker-trait association analysis is a fascinating tool to identify marker-trait association for complex traits using diverse rice genotypes. The SSR markers identified in this study would be useful in marker assisted selection for the improvement of yield related traits in rice.","PeriodicalId":19618,"journal":{"name":"ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86456417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.13
VP Chaudhary, B. Gangwar, A. K. Singh, Poonam Kashyap, Shikha Gangwar, Rakesh Kumar, Roop Kishore, R. Bhattacharyya
A field trial was conducted for four years at Modipuram, Uttar Pradesh, to delineate the impacts of tillage, cropping systems and residue mulching at different rates of mineral fertilization on crop productivity, soil health and enzyme activities. Two tillage systems (no tillage and conventional tillage), four cropping systems [C1: rice (Oryza sativa)-wheat (Triticum aestivum), C2: rice-winter maize (Zea mays), C3: rice-barley (Hordeum vulgare) and C4: rice –mustard (Brassica spp)] and four rice residue mulching along with mineral fertilization (M1: No mulch + recommended dose of mineral fertilizers (RDF), M2: Mulch (at 6 Mg ha-1) + RDF, M3: No mulch +125% RDF and M4: mulch (at 6 Mg ha-1) + 125% RDF) were used. Results indicated that ZT had ~16% higher oxidizable SOC concentration than CT plots in the surface layer. Although surface oxidizable SOC was unaffected by cropping systems, M4 plots had ~49 and 45% higher oxidizable SOC concentration than M1 and M3 plots, respectively. In surface layer, ZT was better than CT, C1 and C2 were better than C3 and C4 plots, and M4 was better than M1, M2 and M3 plots in terms of dehydrogenase activity. Rice-wheat cropping system had maximum system productivity than other cropping systems and both ZT and CT plots had similar system productivity, but ZT plots had better soil quality indicators. Hence, it is recommended that 6 Mg ha-1 rice residues with 25% higher mineral fertilization under ZT may be adopted for sustained productivity in the rice-wheat cropping system.
{"title":"Soil organic carbon and biochemical properties affected by tillage, mulching and mineral fertilization under rice-based cropping systems in the Indo-Gangetic Plains","authors":"VP Chaudhary, B. Gangwar, A. K. Singh, Poonam Kashyap, Shikha Gangwar, Rakesh Kumar, Roop Kishore, R. Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.13","url":null,"abstract":"A field trial was conducted for four years at Modipuram, Uttar Pradesh, to delineate the impacts of tillage, cropping systems and residue mulching at different rates of mineral fertilization on crop productivity, soil health and enzyme activities. Two tillage systems (no tillage and conventional tillage), four cropping systems [C1: rice (Oryza sativa)-wheat (Triticum aestivum), C2: rice-winter maize (Zea mays), C3: rice-barley (Hordeum vulgare) and C4: rice –mustard (Brassica spp)] and four rice residue mulching along with mineral fertilization (M1: No mulch + recommended dose of mineral fertilizers (RDF), M2: Mulch (at 6 Mg ha-1) + RDF, M3: No mulch +125% RDF and M4: mulch (at 6 Mg ha-1) + 125% RDF) were used. Results indicated that ZT had ~16% higher oxidizable SOC concentration than CT plots in the surface layer. Although surface oxidizable SOC was unaffected by cropping systems, M4 plots had ~49 and 45% higher oxidizable SOC concentration than M1 and M3 plots, respectively. In surface layer, ZT was better than CT, C1 and C2 were better than C3 and C4 plots, and M4 was better than M1, M2 and M3 plots in terms of dehydrogenase activity. Rice-wheat cropping system had maximum system productivity than other cropping systems and both ZT and CT plots had similar system productivity, but ZT plots had better soil quality indicators. Hence, it is recommended that 6 Mg ha-1 rice residues with 25% higher mineral fertilization under ZT may be adopted for sustained productivity in the rice-wheat cropping system.","PeriodicalId":19618,"journal":{"name":"ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89605118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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