Field experiment was carried out to study the effect of different tillage systems and skipping irrigation at different growth stages along with or without foliar applied potassium on phenology, growth and yield of maize hybrid. Results revealed that maximum grains per cob (381), 1000-grains weight (281.00 g), grain yield (7.82 t ha-1) and biological yield (14.78 t ha-1) were observed in conventional tillage system as compared to zero tillage. Regarding the irrigation levels and potassium (K) spray maximum grains per cob (390), 1000-grains weight (309 g), grain yield (8 t ha-1) and biological yield (15.33 t ha-1) were recorded with full irrigation + 1% Sulphate of Potash (SOP) spray. Skipping irrigation at tasseling stage had the most negative effect on yield attributes. Foliar application of SOP at 1%with full irrigationsunder conventional tillage system significantly improved the phonological and yield attributes of autumn planted maize.
通过田间试验，研究了不同耕作制度和不同生育期跳灌，叶面施钾和不施钾对玉米杂交种物候、生长和产量的影响。结果表明，与免耕相比，常规耕作可获得每穗轴最大粒数(381粒)、千粒重(281.00 g)、产量(7.82 t ha-1)和生物产量(14.78 t ha-1)。在全灌+ 1%硫酸钾(SOP)喷施条件下，每穗轴最大粒数(390)、千粒重(309 g)、籽粒产量(8 t hm -1)和生物产量(15.33 t hm -1)。抽雄期跳灌对产量性状影响最大。常规耕作制度下，叶面施用1%全灌SOP显著改善了秋种玉米的音系性状和产量性状。
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF FOLIAR APPLIED POTASSIUM AND DEFICIT IRRIGATION UNDER DIFFERENT TILLAGE SYSTEMS ON PRODUCTIVITY OF HYBRIDMAIZE","authors":"M. Maqsood","doi":"10.57041/pjs.v69i3.564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57041/pjs.v69i3.564","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Field experiment was carried out to study the effect of different tillage systems and skipping irrigation at different growth stages along with or without foliar applied potassium on phenology, growth and yield of maize hybrid. Results revealed that maximum grains per cob (381), 1000-grains weight (281.00 g), grain yield (7.82 t ha-1) and biological yield (14.78 t ha-1) were observed in conventional tillage system as compared to zero tillage. Regarding the irrigation levels and potassium (K) spray maximum grains per cob (390), 1000-grains weight (309 g), grain yield (8 t ha-1) and biological yield (15.33 t ha-1) were recorded with full irrigation + 1% Sulphate of Potash (SOP) spray. Skipping irrigation at tasseling stage had the most negative effect on yield attributes. Foliar application of SOP at 1%with full irrigationsunder conventional tillage system significantly improved the phonological and yield attributes of autumn planted maize. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":19787,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of science","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81813038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 garment factory workers selected with stratified random sampling technique to examine their lung impairment with respect to cotton dust. Vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity ratio (FEV1/FVC) and forced expiratory flow (FEF (25%-75%)) were obtained according to American Thoracic Society criteria. Exposure to cotton inhalable dust concentration was measured in accordance with National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health criteria. Mann Whitney U test was used for comparison among target groups and statistical significance of the study was set at p<0.05. Cough, phlegm and dyspnea was observed in 78%, 51% and 44% patients (workers) respectively. Personal exposure of the subjects to cotton inhalable dust was measured in stitching, button hall and special effect sections of the garment processing unit at mean dust levels of .603±.436 mg/m3, .446±.257 mg/m3 and .382±.174 mg/m3 respectively. The exposed group was categorized into three groups having normal, obstructive and restrictive pattern of disease. This study provided evidence for relationship between exposure to cotton dust and other respiratory impairments without any association to smoking.
{"title":"RESPIRATORY HEALTH EFFECTS OF COTTON INHALABLE DUST ON WORKERS IN THE GARMENT PROCESSING UNIT","authors":"A. Mahmood","doi":"10.57041/pjs.v69i3.579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57041/pjs.v69i3.579","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000A cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 garment factory workers selected with stratified random sampling technique to examine their lung impairment with respect to cotton dust. Vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity ratio (FEV1/FVC) and forced expiratory flow (FEF (25%-75%)) were obtained according to American Thoracic Society criteria. Exposure to cotton inhalable dust concentration was measured in accordance with National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health criteria. Mann Whitney U test was used for comparison among target groups and statistical significance of the study was set at p<0.05. Cough, phlegm and dyspnea was observed in 78%, 51% and 44% patients (workers) respectively. Personal exposure of the subjects to cotton inhalable dust was measured in stitching, button hall and special effect sections of the garment processing unit at mean dust levels of .603±.436 mg/m3, .446±.257 mg/m3 and .382±.174 mg/m3 respectively. The exposed group was categorized into three groups having normal, obstructive and restrictive pattern of disease. This study provided evidence for relationship between exposure to cotton dust and other respiratory impairments without any association to smoking. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":19787,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of science","volume":"2983 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86534592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bacterium Pasteurella multocida type B:2 is the causative agent of Hemorrhagic Septicemia in bovines in Pakistan. This organism is also being used for oil adjuvanted (Montanide ISA 50 V2) vaccine for mass vaccination in cattle & buffaloes in Punjab, Pakistan. A study was conducted to study the impact of glycerol and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on persistence of P. multocida duringits course of storage at 0, 4 and – 20 °C. Pure seed of P .multocida was grown in Brain Heart Infusion(BHI) broth at pH 7.4 and incubated at 37 °C for 18 hrs. in shaking incubator. The growth was observed for its purity microscopically as well as culturing on MacConkey’s & Nutrient agar slants. The pure culture was divided into three parts. One part was added with 5 % sterilized DMSO (final concentration) and second part was added with 10 % sterilized DMSO (final concentration) and 15 % glycerine (final concentration) while third part was kept as control without addition of DMSO and glycerine. All three parts were aliquoted (1 mL) in sterilized 1.5 mL eppendroff tubes and stored at three different temperatures i.e 0, 4 and – 20 °C. Eppendroff tubes from different temperatures were thawed in water bath (22 °C) and subjected to direct culturing on BHI broth, microscopic examination, purity testing on slants, culture turbidity / Optical Density (OD) values, dry biomass calculation and mice inoculation test for three months with 15 days intervals. The results indicated that pure P. multocida culture mixed with 10 % sterilized DMSO and 15 % sterilized glycerol stored at – 20 °C survived for three months and can be used for HS vaccine production without losing its survival.
多杀性巴氏杆菌B型:2是巴基斯坦牛出血性败血症的病原体。这种微生物还被用于生产油佐剂(Montanide ISA 50 V2)疫苗，用于在巴基斯坦旁遮普省的牛和水牛中大规模接种。研究了甘油和二甲基亚砜(DMSO)对多杀p.a multocida在0、4和- 20℃贮藏过程中持久性的影响。在pH为7.4的脑心灌注(BHI)肉汤中培养纯多杀蛇籽，37℃孵育18小时。在摇动孵化器中。在显微镜下观察其纯度，并在麦康基和营养琼脂斜面上培养。纯文化分为三个部分。第一部分加入5%灭菌的二甲基亚砜(终浓度)，第二部分加入10%灭菌的二甲基亚砜(终浓度)和15%甘油(终浓度)，第三部分作为对照，不添加二甲基亚砜和甘油。将所有三种成分(1ml)放入灭菌的1.5 mL附加管中，并在0、4和- 20℃三种不同温度下保存。将不同温度下的ependroff管在22°C水浴中解冻，在BHI肉汤上直接培养，显微镜检查，斜面纯度检测，培养浊度/光密度(OD)值，干生物量计算和小鼠接种试验，每隔15天进行3个月。结果表明，混合10%灭菌DMSO和15%灭菌甘油的纯多杀假单胞菌培养物在- 20℃下保存可存活3个月，可用于HS疫苗的生产而不丧失其存活率。
{"title":"IMPACT OF GLYCEROL AND DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE ON THE PERSISTENCE OF PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA DURING ITS PRESEVATION AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES","authors":"W. Shahzad","doi":"10.57041/pjs.v74i1.224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57041/pjs.v74i1.224","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterium Pasteurella multocida type B:2 is the causative agent of Hemorrhagic Septicemia in bovines in Pakistan. This organism is also being used for oil adjuvanted (Montanide ISA 50 V2) vaccine for mass vaccination in cattle & buffaloes in Punjab, Pakistan. A study was conducted to study the impact of glycerol and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on persistence of P. multocida duringits course of storage at 0, 4 and – 20 °C. Pure seed of P .multocida was grown in Brain Heart Infusion(BHI) broth at pH 7.4 and incubated at 37 °C for 18 hrs. in shaking incubator. The growth was observed for its purity microscopically as well as culturing on MacConkey’s & Nutrient agar slants. The pure culture was divided into three parts. One part was added with 5 % sterilized DMSO (final concentration) and second part was added with 10 % sterilized DMSO (final concentration) and 15 % glycerine (final concentration) while third part was kept as control without addition of DMSO and glycerine. All three parts were aliquoted (1 mL) in sterilized 1.5 mL eppendroff tubes and stored at three different temperatures i.e 0, 4 and – 20 °C. Eppendroff tubes from different temperatures were thawed in water bath (22 °C) and subjected to direct culturing on BHI broth, microscopic examination, purity testing on slants, culture turbidity / Optical Density (OD) values, dry biomass calculation and mice inoculation test for three months with 15 days intervals. The results indicated that pure P. multocida culture mixed with 10 % sterilized DMSO and 15 % sterilized glycerol stored at – 20 °C survived for three months and can be used for HS vaccine production without losing its survival.","PeriodicalId":19787,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of science","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86169462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Effect of the leaves suspension of Cassia occidentalis on the elimination of excess of iron from the artificially iron overloaded rabbits was studied. Leaves suspension of C. occidentalis (250mg/kg) were used for the elimination of iron from iron overloaded rabbits. Rabbits were divided into three groups; overloaded for five weeks and then treated with selected herb for four weeks. Iron concentrations in serum and body organs like heart, liver and kidneys were assayed in all groups of rabbits after iron overloading with jectosol plus injections as per dose of 0.3 ml (15 mg iron) per kg body weight intramuscularly daily for 5 weeks. There was a significant increase in iron concentration in the sera and organs studied. In iron overloaded animals changes, like loss of weight, loss of hair, loss of activity and increased heart rate were observed. After four weeks of herbal treatment (250mg/kg), there was a significant decrease in iron concentration in the serum and organs as compared with iron overloaded untreated with herb group. The decrease was more significant in kidneys and liver as compared to the heart. It was concluded that C. occidentalis leaves suspension was significantly effective in reducing the iron level from serum and organs studied
研究了决明子叶悬浮液对人工铁负荷家兔体内铁的清除作用。采用西花苜蓿叶悬浮液(250mg/kg)消除铁负荷家兔体内的铁。将家兔分为三组;超载五周，然后用选定的草药治疗四周。以每公斤体重0.3 ml (15 mg铁)每日肌肉注射的注射剂，测定各组兔在铁超载后血清和心脏、肝脏和肾脏等身体器官中的铁浓度，持续5周。所研究的血清和器官中的铁浓度显著增加。在铁超载的动物中，观察到一些变化，如体重减轻、脱发、活动减少和心率增加。250mg/kg中草药治疗4周后，与铁负荷组相比，血清和脏器铁浓度显著降低。与心脏相比，肾脏和肝脏的下降更为明显。综上所述，西花苜蓿叶悬浮液具有显著降低血清和器官铁含量的作用
{"title":"ROLE OF CASSIA OCCIDENTALIS IN THALASSEMIC PATIENTS","authors":"N. Farooq","doi":"10.57041/pjs.v67i1.371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57041/pjs.v67i1.371","url":null,"abstract":"Effect of the leaves suspension of Cassia occidentalis on the elimination of excess of iron from the artificially iron overloaded rabbits was studied. Leaves suspension of C. occidentalis (250mg/kg) were used for the elimination of iron from iron overloaded rabbits. Rabbits were divided into three groups; overloaded for five weeks and then treated with selected herb for four weeks. Iron concentrations in serum and body organs like heart, liver and kidneys were assayed in all groups of rabbits after iron overloading with jectosol plus injections as per dose of 0.3 ml (15 mg iron) per kg body weight intramuscularly daily for 5 weeks. There was a significant increase in iron concentration in the sera and organs studied. In iron overloaded animals changes, like loss of weight, loss of hair, loss of activity and increased heart rate were observed. After four weeks of herbal treatment (250mg/kg), there was a significant decrease in iron concentration in the serum and organs as compared with iron overloaded untreated with herb group. The decrease was more significant in kidneys and liver as compared to the heart. It was concluded that C. occidentalis leaves suspension was significantly effective in reducing the iron level from serum and organs studied","PeriodicalId":19787,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89889817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A study on the contamination of ground water by industrial effluent in different areas of Kala Shah Kaku has been conducted. Kala Shah Kaku is one of the industrial areas in Punjab. The industrial effluent is one of the major causes of drinking water contamination in such areas. Grounwater samples have been analyzed for their different characteristics. Standard laboratory techniques have been employed to determine various parameters from the samples. The mean values of pH, Na+ , and SO4 2- are within the permissible limits of WHO standards. Whereas conductivity, turbidity, hardness, TDS, Cl- ,Alkalinity, and potassium levels were above the permissible limit of WHO standard. On the basis of that we can say that the ground water of Kala Shah Kaku is hard and not suitable for drinking and it should be monitored.
对Kala Shah Kaku不同地区工业废水对地下水的污染进行了研究。Kala Shah Kaku是旁遮普的工业区之一。工业废水是这些地区饮用水污染的主要原因之一。对地下水样品的不同特征进行了分析。标准实验室技术已被用于确定样品的各种参数。pH、Na+和so42 -的平均值在世界卫生组织标准的允许范围内。而电导率、浊度、硬度、TDS、Cl-、碱度、钾含量均超过世界卫生组织标准的允许限度。在此基础上，我们可以说Kala Shah Kaku的地下水很硬，不适合饮用，应该进行监测。
{"title":"GROUND WATER QUALITY PROFILE OF KALA SHAH KAKU","authors":"I. Ahmad","doi":"10.57041/pjs.v64i2.472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57041/pjs.v64i2.472","url":null,"abstract":"A study on the contamination of ground water by industrial effluent in different areas of Kala Shah Kaku has been conducted. Kala Shah Kaku is one of the industrial areas in Punjab. The industrial effluent is one of the major causes of drinking water contamination in such areas. Grounwater samples have been analyzed for their different characteristics. Standard laboratory techniques have been employed to determine various parameters from the samples. The mean values of pH, Na+ , and SO4 2- are within the permissible limits of WHO standards. Whereas conductivity, turbidity, hardness, TDS, Cl- ,Alkalinity, and potassium levels were above the permissible limit of WHO standard. On the basis of that we can say that the ground water of Kala Shah Kaku is hard and not suitable for drinking and it should be monitored.","PeriodicalId":19787,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of science","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75326050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
FMD serotype “O” with subtype PAN Asia-II, serotype “A” with subtype Tur-06 and serotype “Asia-1” with subtype Sindh-08 were adapted on the LFBK cell line and subsequently on BHK-21. After inactivation these subtypes were introduced for the development of oil based trivalent vaccine against FMD. The study was conducted on the experimental animals (cow calves) at Livestock Production Research Institute (LPRI), Okara. Twenty one unvaccinated cattle calves of age group 4-6 month were used in the study, 16 were injected with experimentally prepared oil based FMD vaccine at the dose rate of 2cc per cow calf at day 0 and 28 post priming while five cattle calves were kept as control. The FMD oil based vaccine containing subtypes PAN ASIA-II, TUR-06 and SINDH-08 showed satisfactory immune response on ELISA and Serum Neutralization Test (SNT) at day 28 post priming and day 28 post booster. The study aimed to strengthen the national control strategy against FMD by the incorporation of prevalent field strains of FMD virus for the vaccine development.
{"title":"ADAPTATION OF FOOT & MOUTH DISEASE VIRUS SUBTYPES PAN ASIA-II, TUR-06 AND SINDH-08 TOWARDS THE VACCINE DEVELOPMENT AND SEROLOGICAL FINDINGS BY SPC ELISA AND SERUM NEUTRALIZATION TEST","authors":"Rafique","doi":"10.57041/pjs.v72i3.309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57041/pjs.v72i3.309","url":null,"abstract":"FMD serotype “O” with subtype PAN Asia-II, serotype “A” with subtype Tur-06 and serotype “Asia-1” with subtype Sindh-08 were adapted on the LFBK cell line and subsequently on BHK-21. After inactivation these subtypes were introduced for the development of oil based trivalent vaccine against FMD. The study was conducted on the experimental animals (cow calves) at Livestock Production Research Institute (LPRI), Okara. Twenty one unvaccinated cattle calves of age group 4-6 month were used in the study, 16 were injected with experimentally prepared oil based FMD vaccine at the dose rate of 2cc per cow calf at day 0 and 28 post priming while five cattle calves were kept as control. The FMD oil based vaccine containing subtypes PAN ASIA-II, TUR-06 and SINDH-08 showed satisfactory immune response on ELISA and Serum Neutralization Test (SNT) at day 28 post priming and day 28 post booster. The study aimed to strengthen the national control strategy against FMD by the incorporation of prevalent field strains of FMD virus for the vaccine development.","PeriodicalId":19787,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of science","volume":"364 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74171370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Person with disability and older people need assistance in activities of daily living(ADL). Numerous models exist to view disability with a distinct perspective and provide/proposesolution to address the effects and consequences caused by disability and limitation as a result of oldage. Present study proposed and evaluated technological model of disability built on a famousenterprise architecture framework ArchiMate. Seamless integration of computing technology intoenvironmental objects made it possible to construct a context-aware, pervasive computing environmentthat transforms itself according to the need of users by dynamically detecting the current user based onlocation-aware services. The proposed technological model of disability aligned the technologicaladvancement with the disability rights law.
{"title":"DISABILITY AND DIGITAL DIVIDE: BRIDGING THE GAP THROUGH ARCHIMATE APPROACH","authors":"M. A. Hussain","doi":"10.57041/pjs.v68i4.208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57041/pjs.v68i4.208","url":null,"abstract":"Person with disability and older people need assistance in activities of daily living(ADL). Numerous models exist to view disability with a distinct perspective and provide/proposesolution to address the effects and consequences caused by disability and limitation as a result of oldage. Present study proposed and evaluated technological model of disability built on a famousenterprise architecture framework ArchiMate. Seamless integration of computing technology intoenvironmental objects made it possible to construct a context-aware, pervasive computing environmentthat transforms itself according to the need of users by dynamically detecting the current user based onlocation-aware services. The proposed technological model of disability aligned the technologicaladvancement with the disability rights law.","PeriodicalId":19787,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86881820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zinc (Zn) is an integral part of many enzymes and proteins required by plants for different physiological functions. The field study was conducted to determine the influence of zinc on growth and yield of maize hybrid under skipping irrigations at different growth stages. The experiment comprised of two factors, irrigation treatment viz regular irrigation system (8 irrigations, control) and skip irrigation at knee high and tasseling stages and Zn application treatments i.e. non-Zn application as control, soil application @ 9, 18 and 27 kg ha-1. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement having three replications. The results showed that application of zinc @ 27 kg ha-1 gave maximum leaf area index (5.16), crop growth rate (20.26 g m-2 day-1), 1000-grain weight (255.03 g), grain yield (5.64 t ha-1) and harvest index (34.5%) than lower doses of zinc and minimum was recorded for control treatment. Similarly, for skipping irrigations, maximum improvement in growth and yield was observed with full irrigations, while irrigation skipped at tasseling stage negatively influenced the growth and yield of hybrid maize than at knee height stage. In conclusion, soil applied zinc at 27 kg ha-1 and normal irrigations helped in improving the growth and yield of autumn planted maize.
锌是植物生理功能所需的多种酶和蛋白质的重要组成部分。通过田间试验，研究了不同生育期跳灌条件下锌对玉米杂交种生长和产量的影响。试验包括两个因素，灌溉处理，即常规灌溉(8次灌溉，对照)和跳闸灌溉，在膝盖高和抽雄期，施用锌处理，即不施用锌作为对照，土壤施用@ 9,18和27 kg hm -1。试验采用随机完全区组设计(RCBD)，分样布置，3个重复。结果表明:27 kg hm -1锌处理的叶面积指数(5.16)、作物生长率(20.26 g m-2 day-1)、千粒重(255.03 g)、籽粒产量(5.64 t hm -1)和收获指数(34.5%)最高，对照处理最低。同样，跳闸灌水对杂交玉米的生长和产量的改善效果以全灌方式最大，而抽雄期跳闸灌水对杂交玉米的生长和产量的影响要小于膝高期。综上所述，27 kg hm -1土壤施锌和正常灌溉有利于促进秋播玉米的生长和产量。
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF ZINC UNDER DEFICIT IRRIGATION ON GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF HYBRID MAIZE","authors":"M. U. Chattha","doi":"10.57041/pjs.v69i2.566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57041/pjs.v69i2.566","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Zinc (Zn) is an integral part of many enzymes and proteins required by plants for different physiological functions. The field study was conducted to determine the influence of zinc on growth and yield of maize hybrid under skipping irrigations at different growth stages. The experiment comprised of two factors, irrigation treatment viz regular irrigation system (8 irrigations, control) and skip irrigation at knee high and tasseling stages and Zn application treatments i.e. non-Zn application as control, soil application @ 9, 18 and 27 kg ha-1. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement having three replications. The results showed that application of zinc @ 27 kg ha-1 gave maximum leaf area index (5.16), crop growth rate (20.26 g m-2 day-1), 1000-grain weight (255.03 g), grain yield (5.64 t ha-1) and harvest index (34.5%) than lower doses of zinc and minimum was recorded for control treatment. Similarly, for skipping irrigations, maximum improvement in growth and yield was observed with full irrigations, while irrigation skipped at tasseling stage negatively influenced the growth and yield of hybrid maize than at knee height stage. In conclusion, soil applied zinc at 27 kg ha-1 and normal irrigations helped in improving the growth and yield of autumn planted maize. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":19787,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of science","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87839230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feature selection process is used to reduce the feature vector length and identify thediscriminative features. Many acoustic-phonetic features including Mel-Frequency CepstralCoefficient (MFCC), Energy, Pitch, Zero-crossing, spectrum were tested individually for Arabicmispronunciation detection using three classifiers; Random Forest, Bayesian classifier, and BaggedSupport Vector Machine (SVM). The results for Bagged SVM were better than the other twoclassifiers. Top three individual features with highest accuracies were identified for each isolatedArabic consonant. To validate the results, a modified form of Sequential Floating Forward Selection(SFFS) process was used. Results showed that MFCC along with its first and second derivatives,energy, spectrum, and zero-crossing were the most suitable acoustic features for Arabicmispronunciation detection system. The proposed approach provided an average accuracy of 94.9%which was better than the previous best 92.95% for Arabic consonants.
{"title":"FEATURE SELECTION FOR ARABIC MISPRONUNCIATION DETECTION BASED ON SEQUENTIAL FLOATING FORWARD SELECTION AND DATA MINING CLASSIFIERS","authors":"M. Maqsood","doi":"10.57041/pjs.v68i4.230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57041/pjs.v68i4.230","url":null,"abstract":"Feature selection process is used to reduce the feature vector length and identify thediscriminative features. Many acoustic-phonetic features including Mel-Frequency CepstralCoefficient (MFCC), Energy, Pitch, Zero-crossing, spectrum were tested individually for Arabicmispronunciation detection using three classifiers; Random Forest, Bayesian classifier, and BaggedSupport Vector Machine (SVM). The results for Bagged SVM were better than the other twoclassifiers. Top three individual features with highest accuracies were identified for each isolatedArabic consonant. To validate the results, a modified form of Sequential Floating Forward Selection(SFFS) process was used. Results showed that MFCC along with its first and second derivatives,energy, spectrum, and zero-crossing were the most suitable acoustic features for Arabicmispronunciation detection system. The proposed approach provided an average accuracy of 94.9%which was better than the previous best 92.95% for Arabic consonants.","PeriodicalId":19787,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of science","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90492350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Typha latifolia leaves have been exploited as low cost biosorbent for remediation ofaqueous media contaminated with the reactive dye Drimarene Blue K2RL (DB-K2RL) discharged fromtextile effluents. The effect of parameters such as initial concentration of dye, amount of bio-sorbent,initial pH, shaking time and speed were investigated to evaluate its sorption capacity. The maximumsorption was observed on adding 0.03 to 0.05 g mL–1sorbent at pH 2 at 200 rpm for 2 hr shaking time.The sorption efficiency of acid treated sorbent was also determined and its kinetic data was analyzedusing Freundlich and Langmuir models. The uptake capacity of both native sorbent and pretreatedbiosorbent was compared and it was found that pretreated biosorbent exhibited better sorption ability(qmax= 3.5 mg/g) as compared to the native biosorbent (qmax= 2.5mg/g).
利用风叶作为低成本的生物吸附剂，对纺织废水中活性染料酞蓝K2RL (DB-K2RL)污染的水介质进行了修复。考察了染料初始浓度、生物吸附剂用量、初始pH、摇动时间和摇动速度等参数对吸附性能的影响。加入0.03 ~ 0.05 g ml - 1吸附剂，pH值为2，转速为200 rpm，振荡时间为2小时，吸附量最大。测定了酸处理吸附剂的吸附效率，并用Freundlich和Langmuir模型对其动力学数据进行了分析。比较了天然吸附剂和预处理生物吸附剂的吸附能力，发现预处理生物吸附剂的吸附能力(qmax= 3.5 mg/g)优于天然生物吸附剂(qmax= 2.5mg/g)。
{"title":"SEQUESTERING ATTRIBUTES OF TYPHA LATIFOLIA AS A LOW COST BIOSORBENTFOR THE REMOVAL OF REACTIVE DYE (DB-K2RL) FROM AQUEOUS MEDIA","authors":"M.A.Shaheen","doi":"10.57041/pjs.v68i4.257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57041/pjs.v68i4.257","url":null,"abstract":"Typha latifolia leaves have been exploited as low cost biosorbent for remediation ofaqueous media contaminated with the reactive dye Drimarene Blue K2RL (DB-K2RL) discharged fromtextile effluents. The effect of parameters such as initial concentration of dye, amount of bio-sorbent,initial pH, shaking time and speed were investigated to evaluate its sorption capacity. The maximumsorption was observed on adding 0.03 to 0.05 g mL–1sorbent at pH 2 at 200 rpm for 2 hr shaking time.The sorption efficiency of acid treated sorbent was also determined and its kinetic data was analyzedusing Freundlich and Langmuir models. The uptake capacity of both native sorbent and pretreatedbiosorbent was compared and it was found that pretreated biosorbent exhibited better sorption ability(qmax= 3.5 mg/g) as compared to the native biosorbent (qmax= 2.5mg/g).","PeriodicalId":19787,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of science","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88562541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：